CN102856954A - Power battery balancing method, unit, battery management system and electric vehicle - Google Patents
Power battery balancing method, unit, battery management system and electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN102856954A CN102856954A CN2012102996747A CN201210299674A CN102856954A CN 102856954 A CN102856954 A CN 102856954A CN 2012102996747 A CN2012102996747 A CN 2012102996747A CN 201210299674 A CN201210299674 A CN 201210299674A CN 102856954 A CN102856954 A CN 102856954A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a power battery balancing method, which comprises the steps of: detecting the voltage of a single battery, and when the voltage of one single battery in a battery group is over high, controlling conduction of an MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) connected with the battery, and transferring excessive energy of the battery to the battery group; and when the voltage of one single battery in the battery group is over low, controlling conduction of an MOSFET connected with the battery, and transferring energy of the battery group to the battery. The charging or discharging of the battery is determined by controlling the ON/OFF state of an MOSFET switch according to the detected voltage of each single battery, so energy is transferred between high-voltage batteries and low-voltage batteries, the battery balance in a module can be realized, the loss of electricity can be reduced, the battery balancing function with high efficiency and high current can be realized, and a high degree of balance of the voltage in each module can be ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrokinetic cell equalization methods, unit, and comprise this balanced unit battery management system, comprise the electric automobile of this battery management system.
Background technology
Battery management system (BMS, Battery Management System) is the tie between battery and the user.Concrete, battery management system communicates by CAN bus interface and electric motor car master controller, is used for all monitor datas of transmission battery management system, as, total current, monomer ceiling voltage, monomer minimum voltage, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, SOC, total voltage etc.
The electric automobile that is considered to future automobile is the combination of electronic source, motor, car load three large technology.Wherein, electronic source is again the core component of automobile.As a kind of novel power technology, lithium battery in use must series connection just can reach the needs that use voltage, but, uneven operating efficiency and the life-span that has had a strong impact on electronic source on the cell performance, therefore, in battery management system all multi-function, the balanced control and management of cell, battery pack becomes particularly important.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electrokinetic cell equalization methods, realize the battery equilibrium function of high efficiency and high electric current, guarantee that voltage keeps the height balance in each module.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of electrokinetic cell equalization methods, the method comprises:
Detect the voltage of cell;
When certain joint monomer battery voltage was too high in the battery pack, the MOSFET conducting that control links to each other with this batteries was transferred to battery pack with the excess energy of this batteries;
Cross when low when certain joint monomer battery voltage in the battery pack, the MOSFET conducting that control links to each other with this batteries is transferred to the energy of battery pack on this batteries.
A kind of electrokinetic cell balanced unit comprises:
Main control module is used for data processing and cell, the calculating of battery pack state-of-charge;
Voltage acquisition module is for detection of the voltage of each cell in the battery pack;
Inverse-excitation type power conversion transformer is used for realizing the bi-directional of energy between cell and battery pack group;
The cell switch chip is used for controlling the MOSFET conducting that is connected with cell and closing;
When certain joint monomer battery voltage was too high in the battery pack, the MOSFET conducting that control links to each other with this batteries was transferred to battery pack with the excess energy of this batteries;
Cross when low when certain joint monomer battery voltage in the battery pack, the MOSFET conducting that control links to each other with this batteries is transferred to the energy of battery pack on this batteries.
A kind of battery management system comprises above-mentioned electrokinetic cell balanced unit.
A kind of electric automobile comprises above-mentioned battery management system.
Voltage according to each cell that detects, through certain calculation process, determine the charging and discharging state of every battery, the break-make of control switch mosfet decides discharging and recharging of battery, exchange by magnetic field and electric field, flyback transformer is to storage and the release of energy, energy is transmitted between the height battery mutually, realized battery balanced in the module, reduced the loss of electric weight, realized the battery equilibrium function of high efficiency and high electric current, guaranteed that voltage keeps the height balance in each module.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structured flowchart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is theory diagram of the present invention;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are done further explain.
A kind of electrokinetic cell equalization methods comprises: detect the voltage of cell, this operation can be carried out in real time by voltage checking chip; When in the battery pack during certain batteries overtension, the cell switch chip can be controlled the MOSFET(Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor that links to each other with this batteries, mos field effect transistor) conducting, winding on this battery is by the exchange of magnetic field and electric field, flyback transformer is to storage and the release of energy, realize the bi-directional of energy between battery unit and battery pack, unnecessary energy is transferred to whole battery pack to get on, when certain batteries brownout, the cell switch chip can be controlled the MOSFET conducting that links to each other with this batteries, can transfer to the energy of battery pack on this batteries by the winding that is connected on the battery pack, voltage according to each cell that detects, the break-make of control switch mosfet decides discharging and recharging of battery, energy is transmitted between the height battery mutually, realized battery balanced in the module, reduced the loss of electric weight, so just realized the battery equilibrium function of high efficiency and high electric current, guaranteed that voltage keeps the height balance in each module.
A kind of electrokinetic cell balanced unit comprises: main control module (MCU) is used for data processing and cell, the calculating of battery pack state-of-charge; Voltage acquisition module is for detection of the voltage of each cell in the battery pack; Inverse-excitation type power conversion transformer is used for realizing the bi-directional of energy between cell and battery pack group; The cell switch chip is used for controlling the MOSFET conducting that is connected with cell and closing.
Such as Fig. 1, battery management system is comprised of 3 kinds of control units, is mainboard shown in the storage battery detecting unit BMU(figure), be slave plate shown in a plurality of ECU (Electrical Control Unit) LECU(figure), hardboard.Each LECU can manage the 6-14 batteries.It is battery balanced that battery management system shown in Fig. 1 can provide, and the communication of diagnosis and module controller can also be disposed independently protective circuit.
The operating ambient temperature of the various control units shown in Fig. 1 is-40 ℃-125 ℃; Wherein BMU communicates by Intranet CAN bus and LECU, hardboard, the monomer battery voltage of LECU collection batteries and temperature data uploading are to BMU, BMU carries out analyzing and processing by the data obtained to the car load battery, by car load CAN bus battery data is uploaded to VCU (optional); The power supply of whole electric-control system comes from vehicle-mounted 12V lead acid accumulator.
As shown in Figure 2, power unit adopts power source special chip (turning the 5V chip for 12V shown in the figure), exports after converting the battery pack input voltage to modules work required voltage.
MCU mainly is responsible for processing, the SOC(state of charge of data, state-of-charge.The ratio of the capacity of the residual capacity charged state complete with it after storage battery uses a period of time or lies idle for a long time, percentage commonly used represents, SOC=1 namely is expressed as the battery full state) calculating.MCU can by certain calculation process, determine the charging and discharging state of every battery according to the relevant data of every battery in the battery pack that detects, and the control charger stops charging when the charging of battery reaches rated capacity, realizes intelligent charge; When battery electric quantity is crossed low need to the charging, and alarm, the useful life of damaging battery to prevent battery over-discharge.When the excess Temperature of battery pack, and alarm and stop battery discharge.
Described voltage acquisition and temperature acquisition are undertaken by voltage acquisition module and temperature collect module respectively, wherein:
Voltage acquisition module can be measured accurately, in real time by the battery voltage detection chip voltage of each cell in the battery pack, and the voltage data of each cell is accomplished to gather synchronously, the voltage acquisition precision may be controlled to ± 1mV, the average sample cycle can be set in 20ms, thereby accurately in time monitoring battery state and variation in use prevents the improper use of battery effectively;
Temperature collect module has eight road temperature acquisitions, can collect the temperature of each battery frame by temperature sensor, and MCU judges the temperature height of battery pack, makes battery operated in suitable temperature range by means such as coolings.
Balance module adopts isolated inductance topological structure, adopts an inverse-excitation type power conversion transformer as core, by the conversion of magnetic field and electric field, realizes energy bi-directional between single battery unit and whole battery pack.When in the battery pack during certain batteries overtension, the cell switch chip can be controlled the MOSFET conducting that links to each other with this batteries, unnecessary energy is transferred to whole battery pack gets on by being connected on winding on this battery.When certain batteries brownout, the cell switch chip can be controlled the MOSFET conducting that links to each other with this batteries, can transfer to the energy of battery pack on this batteries by the winding that is connected on the battery pack.
Because each slave plate can be managed the battery module of 6-14 joint, therefore the slave plate of being in charge of these modules can adopt stacking mode arranged together, this set has made things convenient for the management of high-tension battery group, structurally also more has flexibility, it should be noted that module voltage can not surpass the maximum rated voltage of insulation components and parts.
The euqalizing current setting module is used for setting maximum euqalizing current in system, optionally, be 5A, optimal balance policy also can be selected by intelligent control algorithm by system, so that optimization system performance. the balanced management control strategy according to agreement carries out the balanced management function to battery, can reduce battery in the inconsistency of use procedure, improve the serviceability of whole Battery pack.
The CAN bus module mainly is the data of transmission modules, is transferred to the system that needs after BMU processes again.The BMS system also can link to each other with computer by the CAN-USB module, information in the time of can receiving at any time battery pack work by computer software, show and record content to comprise monomer battery voltage, temperature, electric current, SOC, total voltage and insulation resistance, can pass through the constantly situation of monitoring battery of monitored picture.
In addition, battery management system can also arrange the system autodiagnosis function, and system powers on and rear the parts such as voltage, temperature, communication, memory, internal communication detected, and corresponding failure code and grade are provided.
In sum, the present invention is according to the voltage of each cell that detects, the break-make of control switch mosfet decides discharging and recharging of battery, energy is transmitted between the height battery mutually, realized battery balanced in the module, reduced the loss of electric weight, the battery equilibrium function of high efficiency and high electric current can be provided like this, guaranteed that voltage keeps the height balance in each module.
Those skilled in the art should understand, embodiments of the invention can be provided as method, system or computer program.Therefore, the present invention can adopt complete hardware implementation example, complete implement software example or in conjunction with the form of the embodiment of software and hardware aspect.And the present invention can adopt the form of the computer program of implementing in one or more computer-usable storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disc store, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.) that wherein include computer usable program code.
The present invention is that reference is described according to flow chart and/or the block diagram of method, equipment (system) and the computer program of the embodiment of the invention.Should understand can be by the flow process in each flow process in computer program instructions realization flow figure and/or the block diagram and/or square frame and flow chart and/or the block diagram and/or the combination of square frame.Can provide these computer program instructions to the processor of all-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing device producing a machine, so that the instruction of carrying out by the processor of computer or other programmable data processing device produces the device that is used for realizing in the function of flow process of flow chart or a plurality of flow process and/or square frame of block diagram or a plurality of square frame appointments.
These computer program instructions also can be stored in energy vectoring computer or the computer-readable memory of other programmable data processing device with ad hoc fashion work, so that the instruction that is stored in this computer-readable memory produces the manufacture that comprises command device, this command device is realized the function of appointment in flow process of flow chart or a plurality of flow process and/or square frame of block diagram or a plurality of square frame.
These computer program instructions also can be loaded on computer or other programmable data processing device, so that carry out the sequence of operations step producing computer implemented processing at computer or other programmable devices, thereby be provided for realizing the step of the function of appointment in flow process of flow chart or a plurality of flow process and/or square frame of block diagram or a plurality of square frame in the instruction that computer or other programmable devices are carried out.
Although described the preferred embodiments of the present invention, in a single day those skilled in the art get the basic creative concept of cicada, then can make other change and modification to these embodiment.So claims are intended to all changes and the modification that are interpreted as comprising preferred embodiment and fall into the scope of the invention.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification to the present invention and not break away from this
Bright spirit and scope.Like this, if of the present invention these are revised and modification belongs within the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.
Claims (8)
1. an electrokinetic cell equalization methods is characterized in that, the method comprises:
Detect the voltage of cell;
When certain joint monomer battery voltage is too high in the battery pack, the MOSFET conducting that control links to each other with this batteries, the excess energy of [LB1] this batteries is transferred to described battery pack;
When certain joint monomer battery voltage in the battery pack is crossed when low, the MOSFET conducting that control links to each other with this batteries, the energy of [LB2] described battery pack is transferred on this batteries.
2. electrokinetic cell equalization methods according to claim 1, its feature [LB3], the MOSFET conducting that described control links to each other with this batteries specifically comprises: the MOSFET conducting that the cell switch chip controls links to each other with this batteries.
3. electrokinetic cell equalization methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described excess energy with this batteries is transferred to described battery pack, or the energy of described battery pack transferred on this batteries, specifically comprise: transfer to described battery pack by the energy that the winding on this batteries is unnecessary with this batteries, or by the winding that is connected on the battery pack energy of described battery pack is transferred on this batteries.
4. an electrokinetic cell balanced unit is characterized in that, it comprises:
Main control module is used for data processing and cell, the calculating of battery pack state-of-charge;
Voltage acquisition module is for detection of the voltage of each cell in the battery pack;
Inverse-excitation type power conversion transformer is used for realizing the bi-directional of energy between cell and battery pack group;
The cell switch chip is used for controlling the MOSFET conducting that is connected with described cell and closing;
When certain joint monomer battery voltage was too high in the battery pack, the MOSFET conducting that control links to each other with this batteries was transferred to described battery pack with the excess energy of this batteries;
Cross when low when certain joint monomer battery voltage in the battery pack, the MOSFET conducting that control links to each other with this batteries is transferred to the energy of described battery pack on this batteries.
5. a battery management system is characterized in that, it comprises electrokinetic cell balanced unit as claimed in claim 4.
6. battery management system according to claim 6 is characterized in that, it also comprises:
Temperature collect module, for the temperature that gathers each battery frame, when battery pack temperature was too high, described main control module sent warning and stops battery discharge.
7. battery management system according to claim 6 is characterized in that, it also comprises:
The CAN bus is used for the data of transmission modules in system, the data between transmission system, and described battery management system also links to each other with computer by a CAN-USB module.
8. an electric automobile is characterized in that, it comprises such as any described battery management system in the claim 5 ~ 6.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012102996747A CN102856954A (en) | 2012-08-22 | 2012-08-22 | Power battery balancing method, unit, battery management system and electric vehicle |
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| CN2012102996747A CN102856954A (en) | 2012-08-22 | 2012-08-22 | Power battery balancing method, unit, battery management system and electric vehicle |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103336247A (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2013-10-02 | 安徽安凯汽车股份有限公司 | Discharge detection system and detection method of power battery pack of electromobile |
| CN103457325A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2013-12-18 | 江苏常隆客车有限公司 | Direct-type lithium ion battery lossless equilibration circuit and equilibration control method |
| CN107415765A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2017-12-01 | 成都信息工程大学 | A kind of batteries of electric automobile charge/discharge balancing system |
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| CN101606299A (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2009-12-16 | Sk能源株式会社 | Charge equalization apparatus |
| US20110074354A1 (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2011-03-31 | Junya Yano | Car power source apparatus, and capacity equalizing method for the car power source apparatus |
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| CN101606299A (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2009-12-16 | Sk能源株式会社 | Charge equalization apparatus |
| CN101362427A (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2009-02-11 | 宁波拜特测控技术有限公司 | Cell management system of electric automobile |
| US20110074354A1 (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2011-03-31 | Junya Yano | Car power source apparatus, and capacity equalizing method for the car power source apparatus |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103336247A (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2013-10-02 | 安徽安凯汽车股份有限公司 | Discharge detection system and detection method of power battery pack of electromobile |
| CN103457325A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2013-12-18 | 江苏常隆客车有限公司 | Direct-type lithium ion battery lossless equilibration circuit and equilibration control method |
| CN103457325B (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2019-01-11 | 江苏常隆客车有限公司 | A kind of direct-type lithium ion battery non-dissipative equalizing circuit and balance control method |
| CN107415765A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2017-12-01 | 成都信息工程大学 | A kind of batteries of electric automobile charge/discharge balancing system |
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Application publication date: 20130102 |