Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the utility model, but are not used for limiting scope of the present utility model.
Fig. 1 manages the embodiment schematic diagram of charging device certainly for the utility model lithium-ion-power cell, as shown in the figure, the lithium-ion-power cell of present embodiment is active to comprise the battery pack cluster that is made of a plurality of lithium ion battery groups 11 (only showing 3 among the figure as example) from managing charging device, also comprise a plurality of charging modules 12 of answering for the moment with lithium ion battery group 11 1, charging module 12 comprises input 121 and output 122.The input 121 of a plurality of charging modules 12 is connected in parallel to AC power; The output 122 of each charging module 12 connects corresponding lithium ion battery group 11 separately, is used for the lithium ion battery group 11 of correspondence is charged.A plurality of lithium ion batteries 11 are connected in series, and are provided with relay 13 between any two.
The above embodiment that continues is described, each relay 13 corresponding lithium ion battery group 11, and control by corresponding lithium ion battery group 11 corresponding charging modules 12 with this, charging module 12 detects input 121 operating states that self connects AC power: stop charging when detecting input 121 disconnections, and the relay of correspondence is switched to conducting state; When detecting the input conducting, start charging, and the relay 13 of correspondence is switched to off-state.The input 121 of above-mentioned alternating current disconnects and has dual mode to realize: a kind of is manual operation, promptly disconnects exchanging contact-making switch, and this operational applications is in pure electric automobile and plug-in hybrid car; Another kind is automatic control, when detecting each charhing unit and stop to charge, and the ac input end automatic disconnection, this operational applications is in honourable energy storage automation field.Accordingly, input 121 conductings of above-mentioned alternating current also have dual mode to realize: a kind of is manual operation; Another is automatic control, concrete example as, when the SOC of battery is lower than set point, the automatic conducting of alternating current, relay automatic disconnection.
And the input of charging module 12 121 connects AC power, and input 121 comprises two, is connected to the live wire and the zero line of AC power respectively; Output 122 output DCs of charging module 12, and output 122 comprises two, is connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of corresponding lithium ion battery group 11 respectively.And between a plurality of lithium ion battery groups 11 be both positive and negative polarity successively ways of connecting be in series and form a ring that does not seal, and lithium ion battery group negative pole/positive pole of the positive pole/negative pole of a lithium ion battery group of head and afterbody just forms the direct current output of whole battery group cluster, as shown in Figure 1.
Further above-mentioned lithium-ion-power cell is active from managing in the charging device, each charging module 12 is by comprising a plurality of charhing units 121,122...12n, (ellipsis among the figure has also omitted a plurality of charhing units in the middle of promptly representing) as shown in Figure 2, the input of charhing unit 121~12n is connected in parallel to AC power, the output of charhing unit 121~12n output high accuracy then in parallel direct current; According to the size of battery actual demand electric current, each charhing unit 121,122...12n can carry out colony dispatching control.
Power management is as most crucial, the most basic parts of electric automobile, at present domestic do not have a source appliance Managed Solution and product to meet electric automobile mass production requirement, and the lithium-ion-power cell that above-mentioned present embodiment provides can address the problem from managing charging device: battery pack has realized balanced Charge Management and discharge management, improved the useful life and the service efficiency of battery greatly, use cost also reduces relatively; The variation of battery combination mode can be suitable for the selection needs of different user.In conjunction with the content of the foregoing description, below will further be set forth in detail the related various aspects of present embodiment charging device.
Active from the management charging
Present traditional constant current, constant voltage charge technology, and charging techniques such as the multi-stage constant current that is extended out by this technical development, current limliting constant voltage all are the passive type chargings, can not reflect battery actual current need state in real time.For lithium-ion-power cell, available technology adopting is got in touch setting up between battery management system (BMS) and the charger, BMS monitors by the current state (as temperature, monomer battery voltage, battery operated electric current, consistency and temperature rise etc.) to battery, and utilizes these parameters that the maximum permissible current of current battery is estimated; In the charging process, BMS and charger are connected, realize sharing of data by connection.BMS is delivered to charger in real time with total voltage, high monomer cell voltage, maximum temperature, temperature rise, maximum charging current, the highest permission monomer battery voltage and the maximum parameters such as charging current that allow of allowing, and the information that charger provides according to battery management system changes charging strategy and the output current of oneself.The focus of problem concentrates on BMS and how truely and accurately information to be passed to charger like this, a lot of information that BMS collects battery all occur in after the actual charging, just can not reflect that in the virtual condition of rechargeable battery, this hysteresis is fatal often concerning battery.According to the defective of these practical applications, active charging technique route from management has been proposed in the present embodiment, charging process is accurately controlled charging current, voltage with electric current successively decrease and the charge mode that raises gradually.
Particularly, the active charging of management certainly implication is meant: according to the size of battery capacity, battery self-demand electric current, charging current is accurately controlled, charging current meets the charge characteristic of battery reality; Voltage reduces with charging current and raises gradually in the charging process, and is final stable to set point; Charging final stage voltage is stablized constant, and charging current is carried out repair process in the mode of pulse oscillating to battery, and repair time is according to the battery oneself state; As shown in Figure 3, it is the charge mode schematic diagram of present embodiment charging device.
Whole series connection constant voltage, monomer parallel heavy-current
The present embodiment lithium-ion-power cell is realized equalizing charge from the charging method of managing the whole series connection of charging device employing constant voltage, monomer parallel heavy-current to lithium-ion-power cell.Fill, according to the characteristic curve of battery, battery is originally harmless fully in charging process fully in discharge.This equalizing charge system is exempted the battery management system (BMS) of charging link fully, only realize whole Battery pack is carried out intelligent charging by charger, do not have overcharge, overheated, short circuit phenomenon, the charging at the end terminal voltage of all cells is equal fully, cell is charged to reach 100%.Charger has inhibition of high-performance harmonic current and functions such as electromagnetic compatibility, intelligent equalization charging, parallel current-sharing and cluster control scheduling; Charger adopts the high power density magnetic device, the control of being incorporated into the power networks under the charge-discharge machine main circuit topology technology of realization novel efficient, low-voltage, big electric current and energy two-way flow and advanced control strategy, the charge-discharge machine discharge mode, and the mass production capabilities of formation product.
Particularly, the stream implication is as described below a little louder for whole series connection constant voltage, monomer parallel connection.Whole series connection constant voltage is meant, the cell integrated serial connection charge that carries out, and the battery pack final voltage is invariable, and the precision of voltage regulation is controlled at ± 0.01V; The monomer parallel heavy-current is meant, charhing unit parallel heavy-current, charger adopt that the monomer charhing unit is in parallel to produce big electric current, the battery pack of flowing through of the electric current after the parallel connection.The high-performance harmonic current suppresses and electromagnetic compatibility because the charger monomer has, and adopts the high power density magnetic device, so charger realized intelligent equalization charging, parallel current-sharing and cluster control scheduling, and the two-way flow of energy.This charge mode has been overturned present all charging modes, and output current is adjusted according to the electricity condition that is subjected to of cell fully in good time, and this moment, monomer charhing unit basis was withdrawed from by electricity condition intelligence, carries out cluster control scheduling each other.All cell unanimities of charging end of a period magnitude of voltage, all single lithium ion battery state-of-charges 100%.Lithium ion battery there are differences on performances such as capacity, internal resistance, decay, self discharge, through after the equalizing charge, and the difference meeting complete obiteration between the individuality, monomer lithium ion state-of-charge all reaches 100%.Flash-over characteristic according to battery, the energy of the internal resistance institute loss of single-unit lithium ion battery is compared and can be ignored with the energy of other electric elements institute losses, after all state-of-charges were reached the series connection of 100% battery, the consistency of its discharge also was very balanced.
The bottleneck of the restriction lithium-ion electric electrical automobile marketization at present undoubtedly still focuses on this bottleneck integrated application technology of lithium battery and market economy operation aspect in the industry.The equalizing charge system that present embodiment proposes has solved the subject matter of restriction lithium ion battery industry development, broken the development bottleneck of current energy-conservation and new-energy automobile industry, make lithium ion battery really be integrated into a power assembly and no longer become problem, also solved a world-famous puzzle of relevant this respect simultaneously.
The estimation of SOC and control
For electrokinetic cell, in the charging of battery and the course of work of discharge, characteristic parameters such as the terminal voltage of battery, the internal resistance of battery can be along with the variation of the residual capacity of battery and the variation with some rule.For the more accurate and scientifically residual capacity of characterizing battery, usually with state-of-charge (SOC, State Of Charge) residual capacity of coming characterizing battery, SOC is the important parameter of the residual capacity state of characterizing battery, it can not directly obtain from battery itself, and can only obtain indirectly by the external characteristic parameter of measuring battery pack.Accurately estimating battery SOC is an important and challenging task, and the SOC that obtains battery pack real-time and accurately is the important prerequisite of design battery management.How SOC is carried out reliable, high-precision estimation, at first will solve consistency problem in the battery pack repeated charge process.Reflect that truly system's SOC prerequisite is: the consistency of system in each charge and discharge process, if consistency control is bad, then the evaluation way to manage of all SOC all is empty talk.The charging link can make each monomer state-of-charge of system reach 100%, and will extend to the whole life of system.If accomplish this point, then the administrative skills such as SOC of battery system just become and are easy to, and it is efficient and reliable that the integrated technology of being done on this basis just becomes.Being directly connected to consumer's working service cost useful life, also is the key technology bottleneck of industrialized development.
The battery pack integrated technology that low pressure charging high pressure uses
According to research and practical application test shows to battery, the consistency of the state-of-charge decision discharge that the single-unit lithium ion cell charging is ended.Solved the charging process consistency problem, make single-unit lithium ion battery state-of-charge this to 100%, the link of then discharging consistency also can solve easily.It is full that single battery in how allowing in groups fills, and fill not bad, and guarantee that battery pack is definitely balanced, the state-of-charge of single battery really reaches 100%, the battery pack integrated technology that can in car load battery integrated technology, adopt low pressure charging high pressure to use in conjunction with present embodiment, above-mentioned to guarantee being applied to car load after integrated to best market economy effect.
For the high voltage power battery pack, can at first the high voltage power battery pack be divided into N group (according to the height decision number of packet of voltage) in inside, with internal resistance high be divided into one group, what internal resistance was low is divided into one group, separately to each group charging, charging couples together all battery pack after finishing automatically during charging.Particularly, in the present embodiment, comprise a plurality of lithium ion battery (not shown)s in the lithium ion battery group 11, the a plurality of lithium ion battery groups 11 that constitute the battery pack cluster are that the internal resistance according to lithium ion battery is configured, and the approaching a plurality of lithium ion batteries of internal resistance are configured to a lithium ion battery group 11.
The battery integrated technology scheme that multichannel output low pressure charging high pressure uses
Present embodiment on the basis of equalizing charge, has proposed the battery integrated technology scheme that multichannel output low pressure charging high pressure uses according to battery technological difficulties in groups.Particularly, multichannel output low pressure charging high pressure uses implication to be meant, the car load power battery pack is by a plurality of baby battery group series connection, equalizing charge system has multichannel DC output in the charging process, each A-battery group is charged respectively, a plurality of baby battery groups loop auto-closing after charging ends, thus the high voltage power battery pack formed.The integrated skill this programme of this battery reduces greatly to battery producer group technology difficulty, and the production control cost of battery also decreases, and has exempted the management system of battery charge link simultaneously.
The successful exploitation of equalizing charge system is for integrated this link of skill of discharge system and maintaining-managing system has been established solid foundation.Discharge system and maintaining-managing system are integrated to become more reliable thereby make, and simultaneity factor is also simplified greatly.Because equalizing charge system can make the state-of-charge of single-unit lithium ion battery reach 100% fully, each simultaneously charging ending phase can both activate and repair battery, and each performance index of the link battery that therefore discharges just can be well controlled.Do not need during the system integration again the voltage of single battery to be gathered; can carry out under-voltage protection and overcurrent protection to the lithium ion battery group by electric machine control system fully; thereby simplify the battery integrated technology greatly; the reliability of Full Vehicle System also improves greatly, and it is convenient as lead-acid battery to have realized that lithium ion battery uses.This technical breakthrough provides powerful technical support for electric automobile charging station and electrical changing station, makes electric vehicle industrialization stride forward major step massively.
Be appreciated that in sum the present embodiment lithium-ion-power cell exists following advantage from managing charging device:
1, can exempt the battery charge link management BMS of system, set up the foundation of discharge link management;
2, battery pack can really realize equalizing charge;
3, the single-unit lithium battery can be full of, and battery is not had any damage;
4, overall efficiency height can reach more than 95%;
5, no matter the battery pack short circuit still is the single battery internal short-circuit, and charger can stop automatically;
6, whole charger adopts aluminum alloy casing die casting, hermetically sealed, waterproofing design, and degree of protection can reach IP46, and inside and outside installation the in charger inside done shockproof processing, and the antidetonation grade can reach SAEJ1378, reaches car electrics fully and uses standard;
7, owing to exempt the management system of live part, the high-tension battery group can be divided into several groups of A-battery groups charges respectively, and system is simple and practical, simultaneously the reliability height;
8, charging process is pacified needs to distribute, and charger carries out output current control according to the actual size of accepting electric current of battery automatically;
But 9, charger can with battery parallel operation, energy two-way flow, for load provides electric energy simultaneously, this function is widely used in the Industry Control of various occasions.
More than be preferred forms of the present utility model, according to the disclosed content of the utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art can expect some identical, replacement schemes apparently, all should fall into the scope of the utility model protection.