CN102266752B - Method for preparing carbonizing absorption grains used for purifying water - Google Patents
Method for preparing carbonizing absorption grains used for purifying water Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a method for preparing carbonizing absorption grains used for purifying water. The method comprises the following steps: preparing organic materials, such as peat, sawdust, straw, bamboo dregs, and the like, and inorganic materials, such as diatomite, vermiculite, perlite, cement, and the like, according to proportion; and then mixing the organic materials and the inorganic materials with diatomite, kaolin, cement, slaked lime and the like; and adopting a high-temperature carbonizing process for forming the grains which are porous, high in absorption property, and different in sizes and shapes. The prepared grains are used for purifying polluted water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water-treatment technology field, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of carbonizing absorption grains used for purifying water.
Background technology
The acceleration with urbanization process of developing rapidly along with industrial or agricultural; industrial wastewater and sanitary sewage discharge capacity increase day by day; so that the water environment pollution problem is on the rise; therefore; polluted water purification has become the significant problem that needs to be resolved hurrily that concerns national economy; China and governments at all levels improve constantly the environmental protection attention degree; annual input is hundreds billion of for sewage disposal and water body purification, but present sewage treatment capacity, technical merit and Related product development also far can not be satisfied the needs that actual sewage is processed and purified.
Correlation technique and patent that water pollution is removed and purified are of a great variety, comprise take counter-infiltration, distillation, soil irrigation as main physical method; Take ion-exchange, ammonia stripping, chemical precipitation method, breakpoint chlorination, electrodialysis, electrochemical treatments, catalytic pyrolysis as main chemical method, these methods are mainly used in sewage treatment plant.And at present mainly adopt take microorganism cultivation, algal culture and artificial swamp as main biological method for the pollution restorative procedure of the natural waters such as river pollution, city river and lake etc.Main mandate or disclosed patent comprise: enhanced compounded mix multi-stage alternate wetland sewage treating process and device thereof (CN200710190227.7), waterborne artificial wetland and process for purifying water (CN200710053250.1), city sewage artificial wet land flower culture method (CN03114217.6), artificial wet field facilities for treating sewage (CN02134344.6), recover the engineering method (CN200410010692.4) on degeneration riverbank with reed, Small Sewage Treatment Equipment and technique thereof (CN88103355.3) etc.Pollute treatment technology because its construction cost is low take artificial swamp as main natural water, convenient management and have ecoscape and be worth and be widely used.Artificial swamp is mainly by matrix, plant and the composition of the microorganism, and matrix is as the carrier of adsorption fouling thing and plant, growth of microorganism, most of physics, chemistry and biological respinse etc. all carry out in matrix, construction has central role (Xu Defu, Li Yingxue for artificial swamp, be used for matrix, plant and the configuration thereof of the artificial swamp of sewage disposal, Wetland Science, 2007,5 (1): 32-38).The matrix that artificial swamp adopts mainly is that natural material mainly contains dolomite, lime stone, wollastonite, zeolite, shale, bauxite, sand and gravel, dirt, soil, opoka, shell sand; Industry byproduct mainly contains blast-furnace cinder, electric arc furnaces slag, slag, slag, flyash; Artificial product mainly refers to the lightweight expansion flight of steps leading to a palace hall gather materials clay (Ruan Jingjing, Gao De, Hong Jianming, artificial swamp Recent Development of Matrix, Capital Normal University's journal (natural science edition), 2009,30 (6): 85-90).These matrix are mainly take inorganic material as main, and quality is heavier, adsorption capacity is less, easily cause artificial swamp to stop up, and have a strong impact on the service life of artificial swamp, limited promoting the use of of artificial swamp.And the development adsorption capacity is large, rejection effect good, the long-acting lasting novel wetland host material of performance, has become the key of development Artificial Wetland Techniques.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provide for polluted water purification the charing adsorption particle of a kind of organic material and inorganic material combination, give full play to organic material and inorganic material absorption advantage, can provide suitable sorbing material for water body purification engineerings such as artificial swamp, filtering ponds, and decomposed by microbial thing water pollutant provides effective carbon source and carrier, raising water body purification efficient.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of carbonizing absorption grains used for purifying water, comprise the steps:
(1) organic material is prepared
Organic material is crushed to particle diameter≤0.5cm; Described organic material is that one or more of peat, wood chip, stalk, edible mushroom bar waste material, coconut palm chaff, bamboo slag are mixed in any proportion;
(2) inorganic material is prepared
Inorganic material is crushed to particle diameter≤2mm; Described inorganic material be vermiculite, slag, flyash, zeolite, perlitic one or more mix in any proportion;
(3) organic material, inorganic material and curing materials are mixed by following percent by volume after, add water to the 20%-50% of mixture total weight amount, mix through mixer:
Organic material: 10%-70%
Inorganic material: 10%-70%
Curing materials: 10%-20%
Described curing materials is that one or more of diatomite, kaolin, cement, white lime are mixed in any proportion;
(4) mixed material is added comminutor (conventional equipment, non-special use) and prepare difform particle;
(5) shaped granule is air-dry, put into retort (conventional equipment, non-special use) and under 150 ℃-500 ℃, carry out charing and process and namely to finish the preparation of charing adsorption particle in 30 minutes-120 minutes.
Described be shaped as spherical, cylindric, block or irregular.
Described particle diameter is 0.5cm-5cm.
The present invention's beneficial effect compared with prior art is:
1, the present invention realizes that organic material and inorganic material in conjunction with the adsorbed water body pollutant, overcome conventional organic material and easily decompose, and lack and the poor problem of inorganic material adsorption capacity service life;
2, the present invention can provide effective carbon source for microorganism in the water body, is conducive to promote the microorganism decomposing pollutant;
3, the present invention can adjust the proportioning of organic material, inorganic material and curing materials flexibly according to the water pollutant characteristics, improves wastewater purification efficiency;
4, the present invention can be by adjusting component and the ratio of organic material, inorganic material and curing materials, form the adsorption particle of different densities and hole, can in water body, form floating, suspend and sink-float adsorption particle layer, realize the effect to water body different aspects pollutant adsorption cleaning;
5, technique of the present invention is simple, effective organic wastes such as Treating straw, edible fungi residues, wood chip, and realize the part active carbon functional by charring process, effectively reduce the water body purification engineering cost;
6, the present invention can be extensively because the use of the water body purification engineerings such as artificial swamp, ecological pond, floating plant bed, filtration system.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Peat dust is broken to particle diameter≤0.5cm; vermiculite power is broken to particle diameter≤2mm; curing materials is selected diatomite; then by volume for peat: vermiculite: diatomite=70%: 10%: 20% carries out proportioning; be fully to mix through mixer under 20% the condition keeping material moisture; then be prepared into the spheric granules that diameter is 0.5cm through comminutor; after nature is air-dry; put into retort and carry out the charing processing after 120 minutes at 150 ℃; the cooling of coming out of the stove forms sink-float type adsorption particle.
Embodiment 2:
Wood dust is broken to particle diameter≤0.5cm, and pulverized slag is broken to particle diameter≤2mm, and curing materials is selected kaolin, then is wood chip by volume: slag; Kaolin=10%: 70%: 20% carries out proportioning; be fully to mix through mixer under 30% the condition at material moisture; then be prepared into the cylindrical particle that diameter is 1cm through comminutor; after nature is air-dry; put into retort and carry out the charing processing after 90 minutes at 200 ℃; the cooling of coming out of the stove forms the float type adsorption particle.
Embodiment 3:
With crushed stalk to particle diameter≤0.5cm; flyash is crushed to particle diameter≤2mm; curing materials is selected cement; then by volume for stalk: flyash: cement=40%: 40%: 20% carries out proportioning, at material moisture is fully to mix through mixer under 40% the condition, then is prepared into the piece shape particle that diameter is 2cm through comminutor; after nature is air-dry; put into retort and carry out the charing processing after 30 minutes at 400 ℃, the cooling of coming out of the stove forms the floating type adsorption particle.
Embodiment 4:
The edible mushroom bar waste material is crushed to particle diameter≤0.5cm; zeolite powder is broken to particle diameter≤2mm; curing materials is selected white lime; then by volume for the edible mushroom bar waste material: zeolite: white lime=60%: 30%: 10% carries out proportioning; be fully to mix through mixer under 50% the condition at material moisture; then be prepared into the irregular type particle that diameter is 4cm through comminutor; after nature is air-dry; put into retort and carry out the charing processing after 30 minutes at 500 ℃; the cooling of coming out of the stove forms the floating type adsorption particle.
Embodiment 5:
The coconut palm chaff is crushed to particle diameter≤0.5cm; zeolite powder is broken to particle diameter≤2mm; curing materials select cement with kaolinic arbitrarily than mixture; then by volume for stalk: flyash: cement kaolin mixture=50%: 35%: 15% is carried out proportioning; be fully to mix through mixer under 40% the condition at material moisture; then be prepared into the spheric granules that diameter is 5cm through comminutor; after nature is air-dry; put into retort and carry out the charing processing after 90 minutes at 150 ℃; the cooling of coming out of the stove forms the floating type adsorption particle.
Embodiment 6:
With bamboo slag and wood chip co-grinding to particle diameter≤0.5cm; slag; coal ash powder and perlite co-grinding are to particle diameter≤2mm; curing materials is selected the mixture of diatomite and white lime; then by volume for stalk: flyash: cement=40%: 50%: 10% carries out proportioning; be fully to mix through mixer under 30% the condition at material moisture; then be prepared into the cylindrical particle that diameter is 4cm through comminutor; after nature is air-dry; put into retort and carry out the charing processing after 120 minutes at 200 ℃; the cooling of coming out of the stove forms sink-float type adsorption particle.
Embodiment 7:
With peat; wood chip; stalk; the edible mushroom bar waste material; the coconut palm chaff; the bamboo slag is crushed to particle diameter≤0.5cm arbitrarily after mixing; vermiculite; slag; coal ash powder; zeolite; perlite is crushed to particle diameter≤2mm arbitrarily after mixing; curing materials is selected diatomite; kaolin; cement; white lime is arbitrarily than mixture; then by volume for organic material: inorganic material: curing materials=30%: 60%: 10% carries out proportioning; be fully to mix through mixer under 30% the condition at material moisture; then be prepared into the spheric granules that diameter is 3cm through comminutor; after nature is air-dry; put into retort and carry out the charing processing after 30 minutes at 500 ℃; the cooling of coming out of the stove forms sink-float type adsorption particle.
Embodiment 8:
The diameter of choosing embodiment 1 is that the diameter of 0.5cm and embodiment 7 is the sink-float type particle of 3cm, the diameter of embodiment 3 is 2cm, the diameter of embodiment 4 is 4cm, the diameter of embodiment 5 is the suspension type grain of 5cm, embodiment 2 diameters are that the floating particle of 1cm is 100cm for the degree of depth, wide for 300cm the small-sized river water body of eutrophication in set up artificial swamp, sink-float type stratum granulosum thickness is 30cm, floating type grain thickness layer is 40cm, float type stratum granulosum thickness is 10cm, wherein floating type particle and float type particle are put into the nylon net bag that the aperture is 5mm, the plantation calamus.Take the vertical streaming artificial swamp of routine as contrast, the matrix of vertical current constructed wetland is selected slag, and particle diameter is 1cm-5cm, and thickness is 60cm.Be under the 200mm.d-1 condition at hydraulic load, the artificial swamp nitrogen removal rate of setting up take adsorption particle of the present invention is as 56.1%, ammonia nitrogen removal frank 69.3%, and contrast artificial swamp nitrogen removal rate 42.1%, ammonia nitrogen removal frank 51.9%, the removal efficient of the water body nitrogen pollutant of the artificial swamp of setting up with the present invention improves more than 10% than conventional method.
Claims (3)
1. the preparation method of a carbonizing absorption grains used for purifying water is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) organic material is prepared
Organic material is crushed to particle diameter≤0.5cm; Described organic material is that one or more of peat, wood chip, stalk, edible mushroom bar waste material, coconut palm chaff, bamboo slag are mixed in any proportion;
(2) inorganic material is prepared
Inorganic material is crushed to particle diameter≤2mm; Described inorganic material be vermiculite, slag, flyash, zeolite, perlitic one or more mix in any proportion;
(3) organic material, inorganic material and curing materials are mixed by following percent by volume after, add water to the 20%-50% of mixture total weight amount, mix through mixer:
Organic material: 10%-70%
Inorganic material: 10%-70%
Curing materials: 10%-20%
Described curing materials is that one or more of diatomite, kaolin, cement, white lime are mixed in any proportion;
(4) mixed material is prepared into difform particle;
(5) shaped granule is air-dry, put into retort and under 150 ℃-500 ℃, carry out charing and process and namely to finish the preparation of charing adsorption particle in 30 minutes-120 minutes.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that described grain shape is ball-type or column type.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described particle diameter is 0.5cm-5cm.
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