CN102265797A - Oyster ecology ice temperature keep-alive circulation method - Google Patents
Oyster ecology ice temperature keep-alive circulation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102265797A CN102265797A CN2011101701128A CN201110170112A CN102265797A CN 102265797 A CN102265797 A CN 102265797A CN 2011101701128 A CN2011101701128 A CN 2011101701128A CN 201110170112 A CN201110170112 A CN 201110170112A CN 102265797 A CN102265797 A CN 102265797A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oyster ecology ice temperature keep-alive circulation method. Raw materials are subjected to keep-alive circulation through microbiological examination, cleaning, dead shellfish removal, framing, sterile seawater purification, microbiological examination and packaging. The method is combined with purification and keep-alive processes, is simple and systematic and is suitable for popularization, and the problems of eating safety and keep-alive circulation of shellfishes are solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for seed oyster ecological ice-temperature keep-alive circulation.
Background technology
Oyster is one of China's four big cultivated shellfishes, in China coastal distribution very wide, from the Bohai Sea, the Huanghai Sea to the Nansha Islands all produce.It belongs to the filter-feeding bivalve shellfish, mainly lives in river sea intersection or offshore neritic area.Oyster has unique life habit.The young oyster that just has been born, can be free movable in water, but when they run into suitable environment, just begin to colonize on rock or other the hard marine objects, the life of battalion's set formula throughout one's life, wherein a scallop shell anchors on the cay all the time, and another fan then can easy on and off opens and closes, by ingest nutriments such as algae in the tidewater of filter food mode.In filter bait material biology, also can accumulate pathogenic entero becteria in the water or harmful substance in body, if without purified treatment, the just very possible food poisoning that causes.The method of shellfish purification and technology mainly contain shellfish and support, utilize chlorine and chloride sterilization, ultraviolet sterilization and ozone sterilization etc. temporarily, and wherein utilizing ultraviolet irradiation or ozone treatment seawater is to carry out the most frequently used method of shellfish purification.
Shellfish to whole storing of putting on market and sales process, because life condition changes, often has part even all dead, thereby causes economic loss after fishing for.Present various keepalive method effect is unsatisfactory, and the shellfish problem of death is very serious, and the ice temperature keep-alive techniques problem of shellfish in storing and sales process thoroughly do not solve yet.In recent years, the consumer constantly increases the demand of fresh and alive shellfish both at home and abroad, and shellfish keep-alive circulation technology problem has become the bottleneck problem of restriction shellfish processing industry development.The ecological ice-temperature of most of shellfishes is generally at 3～5 ℃, and shellfish is in resting state under this temperature, and the time-to-live is the longest, can utilize ecological ice-temperature to carry out the keep-alive transportation, prolongs shelf life.As everyone knows, most of tropical agricultural product (for example tropical fruit (tree) pineapple, banana etc.) are not low temperature resistant, occur damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature symptom easily, and temperature is crossed the low preservation that is unfavorable on the contrary.Paphia undulata belongs to the shellfish of tropical marine site output; thereby the symptom that damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature that can be similar to tropical fruit (tree) under traditional shellfish ecological ice-temperature condition causes shellfish death, and it is the key factor that keeps high viability that suitable paphia undulata is iced warm keep-alive circulation temperature.
Passed through the development evolution process in 3 stages generally with the shellfish keep-alive circulation pattern headed by the oyster.The initial period of shellfish circulation, promptly the shellfish raw material directly comes into the market after salvaging, in whole storing and sales process; owing to do not take any keep-alive measure; shellfish often has part even all dead, thereby causes economic loss because life condition changes.In second stage, the shellfish raw material puts goods on the market after purifying, and this part has solved the problem of shellfish edible safety, but survival rate of shellfish (keep-alive) and quality (guaranteeing the quality) can not be protected.Though take tradition storage methods alive such as pad ice, oxygenation; but effect is unsatisfactory; the shellfish problem of death is very serious; some nutrient components and taste composition lose in a large number; problem such as exist also in the shellfish process segment that meat is aging, hardening, retention ability descend, the slag sense is arranged when edible, variable color is spoiled, the low temperature keep-alive techniques problem of shellfish in storing and sales process be not thoroughly solution also.Shellfish keep-alive circulation pattern develops into the 3rd stage; the shellfish raw material is through after purifying; circulate by the ecological ice-temperature keep-alive; being about to temperature is controlled at the ecological threshold temperature and makes shellfish be in half hibernation or hibernation-like state entirely to the temperature range (ecological ice-temperature) of apparent freezing point; thereby reduce metabolism weightlessness, reduce mechanical damage; effectively prolong the time-to-live, the purpose that reaches the keep-alive transportation or store.This not only can solve the problem of edible safety, can also effectively keep than high viability and higher quality, the purpose of reach safety, keep-alive, guaranteeing the quality.From the differentiation of top shellfish keep-alive circulation pattern as can be seen, preceding 2 stages still are the shellfish raw materials of circulation, also are raw material dangerous, inferior quality most probably.Such pattern is unsafe for market, may cause problems such as food poisoning, mouthfeel variation to common consumer, has reduced value added for shellfish processing enterprise, has great food security hidden danger simultaneously.In the 3rd stage, by shellfish purification, ecological ice-temperature keep-alive circulation is the shellfish finished product.This product satisfies the custom that people eat raw, also has the characteristics of edible safety and higher quality simultaneously, is the circulation of shellfish keep-alive from now on industry development.
The patent report that does not have at present oyster to purify as yet and ice warm keep-alive circulation.
Some scientific and technical literatures have been announced the method for some shellfish purification keep-alives in recent years, as:
1, the biological purification method of 201010239891.8 1 kinds of marine products bivalve shellfishs of Chinese patent, earlier laver is half fermentation of transparence, obtain containing the scavenging solution of seaweed gum, then bivalve shellfish is put into the clarifier-tank that is added with scavenging solution and purified 1～3 day, bivalve shellfish just food has seaweed gum, seaweed gum forms the cutose cutose in digestive tract not only can adsorb impurity such as silt and heavy metal in the digestive tract, also can adsorb the microorganisms such as Escherichia coli in the digestive tract, these silts, heavy metal and microorganism are discharged from seaweed gum, make bivalve shellfish silt, heavy metal and content of microorganisms descend, reach the food consumption safety standard, this method is owing to purify with biological mode, so can keep original freshness of shellfish and taste, clarification time is shorter simultaneously, the shellfish coefficient of condition is also unaffected substantially, and customer satisfaction of shellfish and business efficiency can not descend yet.
2,03134147.0 1 kinds of beach imbedded and perched shellfish of Chinese patent biological purification method, be placed with supporting temporarily in the water body separately or mixing microalgae living bodies such as adding diatom, chrysophyceae, chlorella, flat algae of beach imbedded and perched shellfish, can add several times, total consumption is that frond cell 5～150,000 cells/ml supports water body temporarily, under 10～28 ℃ of conditions of ocean temperature, through 4～24 hours purified treatment.The present invention can make silt discharge in the shellfish body, finishes the purification before the imbedded and perched shellfish sells.
3, the purification method of Chinese patent 200510036014.X bivalve shellfish heavy metal of body, it is that 22～28 ℃, salinity are 12～32 ‰, keep in the sand filtration natural sea-water of continuous charge that bivalve shellfish is supported temporarily in water temperature, repeatedly throws in microalgae living body and carried out purified treatment 2～31 days in the sand filtration natural sea-water.Adopt the present invention that bivalve shellfish is purified, the heavy metal discharge rate in the shellfish body can reach 40%～50%, reaches food sanitation standard.Purification method of the present invention is simple to operate, and it is low to purify cost, does not influence the quality and the taste of product, and the development for the marine product aquaculture in littoral sea area has huge economic implications and social effect.
4, Chinese patent 03112258.2 shellfish living aquatic product inner wrapping low temperature keepalive method; select fresh and alive shellfish aquatic products; support temporarily with fresh seawater that to tell husky afterflush clean, the shellfish aquatic products of cleaning are closed in quantitative package in the closed container, and place 3-7 Celsius ℃ low temperature environment.Technology of the present invention is simple, being convenient to operation promotes, can not only thoroughly solve shellfish aquatic products easy dead problem in the process of transportation, storage and sale, fresh and alive, the nutrition that keep the shellfish aquatic products, and adopt the small lot packing, both safety, health were convenient to people again and are bought and carry, convenient economical again, have bigger application development prospect.
5, the method for Chinese patent 200610035656.2 dual-shell shellfish anhydrobiosis is cleaned raw material and is removed impurity and bivalve shellfish in heaven, bivalve shellfish is carried out quantitative package goes in the ventilative Small package article Small package article heating of sealing, will be equipped with bivalve shellfish, the shellfish Small package article after the thermal contraction is forced to cool off, the cooled Small package article that seashell products is housed is transferred in the big packaging bag of being convenient to listing immediately.This method has advantages such as processing cost is low, wide adaptability, the keep-alive time is long, technology is simple.
6, the method for Chinese patent 200410025047.X mussel waterless keep-alive, by mussel is cleared up, gradient cooling processing, packing and constant temperature storage procedure form.Earlier fresh and alive whole mussel is carried out rinsing, select individual evenly, the housing complete sum do not open the shell mussel as the keep-alive object, after with mussel put into successively temperature from high to low, several seawater grooves with different temperatures, place the regular hour and carry out gradient cooling processing step by step, wherein last 1 gradient temperature should be that 0.01MPa～0.1Mpa carries out vacuum packaging with vacuum near 0 ℃ or-1.0 ℃; Constant temperature stores transportation under 0 ℃～4 ℃ temperature at last.The present invention has kept the nutrient component of mussel preferably; Compare with traditional mussel keepalive method, its keep-alive time extended to 7～13 days by original 1～2 day, and operating procedure is simple and direct, small investment, and energy consumption is low.
Recognize that from above-mentioned retrieval because China starts late in the research in this field, the achievement and the patent of report are few at present.The kind of shellfish is numerous simultaneously, since the difference of territorial environment, the physiological metabolism difference of shellfish, and single method is difficult to satisfy actual needs.The report that this aspect is not also arranged as the oyster of one of large economic shellfish of China.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a seed oyster ecological ice-temperature keep-alive circulation method, oyster is purified in ozone or ultraviolet or ultraviolet combine the aseptic seawater of preparation with ozone, is index with total number of bacteria and coliform, the control temperature, and seawater flow, Bei Shui compares factor.Purify qualified after, oyster blister-pack in bulk or single carries out anhydrous ecological ice-temperature keep-alive circulation then, achieves the above object.
The present invention includes following steps:
(1), oyster is washed with clean seawater at pretreatment pool, the silt that shell is outer is washed off, the foreign material such as shellfish, broken shell shellfish and ghost of then manually checkmating are sorted out, and oyster is carried out classification according to individual size, simultaneously the microbiological indicator before the purification of raw materials are tested;
(2), be advisable with the 10kg/ frame raw material is carried out the branch frame, put into clarifier-tank, utilize aseptic seawater cleaning to purify 24h according to the technological parameter requirement, per 8 hours with clarifier-tank and oyster with aseptic seawater cleaning once, totally 2 times, purify the oyster microbiological indicator of finishing and to meet sanitary standard;
(3), purify finish after, with the oyster packing, under the condition of oyster ecological ice-temperature, carry out the keep-alive circulation.
Described total number of bacteria and coliform index are marine shellfish sanitary standard (GB2744-1996): coliform≤300MPN/100g, total number of bacteria＜10
5Cfu/g.
Described aseptic seawater is by the preparation of ozone treatment or UV treatment, and ozone concentration will suit, and it is again can not concentration too high to satisfy sterilizing rate; Ultraviolet sterilizer power should be consistent with seawater flow, satisfies sterilizing rate and reaches 100%.
Described purification temperature between 20 ℃～30 ℃ for the suitableeest.
Described purifying sea water purifies the long-pending 0.105m of staving
3Flow 1.05 * 10
-5～2.50 * 10
-5m
3/ s.
Described ozone concentration should be advisable at 0.08mg/L～0.2mg/L.
Described purification Bei Shui ratio is 1: 10～1: 20.
Describedly be packaged as in bulk or pack 1～5kg packing then with hole film.
Described low temperature keep-alive circulation temperature is 4～15 ℃, drops to the keep-alive temperature at purification temperature and takes the form of lowering the temperature step by step, and the temperature difference of at every turn lowering the temperature all stopped 6 hours in each temperature stage less than 5 ℃.
The present invention handles the back total number of bacteria and the coliform index meets marine shellfish sanitary standard (GB2744-1996), and lead, cadmium, inorganic arsenic and mercury content meet national standard, do not detect paralytic shellfish poison and diarrhetic shellfish poison.9 days survival rates of keep-alive circulation reach 100%.The present invention combines and purifies and keep-alive technology, simple, system are fit to promote, and has solved the key issue that edible safety problem of shellfish and keep-alive are circulated.
Embodiment
The present invention adopts ultraviolet ray or ozone or ultraviolet to combine the aseptic seawater of preparation with ozone, oyster is carried out purified treatment, the process for purifying condition: 20～30 ℃ of temperature, Bei Shui were than 1: 10～1: 20, the long-pending 0.105m of purification staving
3Circulating seawer flow 1.05 * 10
-5～2.50 * 10
-5m
3/ s purifies the long-pending 0.105m of staving
3, total number of bacteria and coliform index meet marine shellfish sanitary standard GB2744-1996 behind the purified treatment 24h, and lead, cadmium, inorganic arsenic and mercury content meet national standard, do not detect paralytic shellfish poison and diarrhetic shellfish poison.Oyster after the purification is in bulk or single packs with hole film, carries out ecological ice-temperature keep-alive circulation at 5～12 ℃, and survival rate reached 100% in 9 days.
Embodiment 1
1, oyster purifies: select individual oyster of the same size and frame up and put into the circulating seawer clarifier-tank, ultraviolet prepares 250 ℃ of aseptic ocean temperatures, shellfish than water 1: 20, circulating seawer flow 2.04 * 10
-5m
3/ s is (to purify the long-pending 0.105m of staving
3Be example, down together), purified treatment 24h.
2, oyster keep-alive: single oyster is packed with hole film, and waterless keep-alive after the 4kg packing carries out the keep-alive circulation under 8 ℃.
Result: purify the back shellfish and meet marine shellfish sanitary standard (GB2744-1996): coliform≤300MPN/100g, total number of bacteria＜10
5Cfu/g.The survival rate of icing warm keep-alive shellfish after 9 days reaches 100%.
Embodiment 2
1, oyster purifies: select individual oyster of the same size and frame up and put into the circulating seawer clarifier-tank, ozone sterilization prepares aseptic seawater, ozone concentration is that 0.20mg/L, 26 ℃ of temperature, shellfish are than water 1: 15, circulating seawer flow 1.66 * 10-5m3/s, purified treatment 24h.
2, oyster keep-alive: waterless keep-alive in bulk, but the heavy 2kg of keep-alive container packing shellfish carries out the keep-alive circulation under 10 ℃.
Result: purify the back shellfish and meet marine shellfish sanitary standard (GB2744-1996): coliform≤300MPN/100g, total number of bacteria＜10
5Cfu/g.The survival rate of icing warm keep-alive shellfish after 9 days reaches 100%.
Embodiment 3
1, oyster purifies: select individual fresh and alive oyster of the same size and frame up and put into the circulating seawer clarifier-tank, ultraviolet prepares 22 ℃ of aseptic ocean temperatures, shellfish than water 1: 18, circulating seawer flow 1.44 * 10
-5m
3/ s, purified treatment 24h.
2, oyster keep-alive: single oyster hole film packing, the keep-alive circulation is carried out in the 1kg packing under 5 ℃.
Result: purify the back shellfish and meet marine shellfish sanitary standard (GB2744-1996): coliform≤300MPN/100g, total number of bacteria＜10
5Cfu/g.The survival rate of icing warm keep-alive shellfish after 9 days reaches 100%.
Embodiment 4
1, oyster purifies: select individual fresh and alive oyster of the same size and frame up and put into the circulating seawer clarifier-tank, ultraviolet-sterilization and ozone sterilization prepare aseptic seawater, ozone concentration 1.20mg/L, 25 ℃ of temperature, shellfish are than water 1: 15, circulating seawer flow 1.66 * 10-5m3/s, purified treatment 24h.
2, oyster keep-alive: get shellfish 3kg packing, under 8 ℃, carry out the keep-alive circulation.
Result: purify the back shellfish and meet marine shellfish sanitary standard (GB2744-1996): coliform≤300MPN/100g, total number of bacteria＜10
5Cfu/g.The survival rate of icing warm keep-alive shellfish after 9 days reaches 100%.
Claims (4)
1. a seed oyster ecological ice-temperature keep-alive circulation method is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1), oyster is washed with clean seawater at pretreatment pool, the silt that shell is outer is washed off, the foreign material such as shellfish, broken shell shellfish and ghost of then manually checkmating are sorted out, and oyster is carried out classification according to individual size, simultaneously the microbiological indicator before the purification of raw materials are tested;
(2), be advisable with 10 kilograms/frame raw material is carried out the branch frame, put into clarifier-tank, utilize aseptic seawater cleaning to purify 24 hours according to the technological parameter requirement, per 8 hours with clarifier-tank and oyster with aseptic seawater cleaning once, totally 2 times, purify the oyster microbiological indicator of finishing and to meet sanitary standard;
(3), purify finish after, with the oyster packing, under the condition of oyster ecological ice-temperature, carry out the keep-alive circulation.
2. oyster ecological ice-temperature keep-alive circulation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that purifying back oyster total number of bacteria and coliform index is marine shellfish sanitary standard GB2744-1996: coliform≤300MPN/100g, total number of bacteria＜10
5Cfu/g.
3. oyster ecological ice-temperature keep-alive circulation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described purification condition is:
Purification temperature between 20～30 ℃ for the suitableeest;
The aseptic seawater of described purification can be prepared by ultraviolet sterilizer, purifies long-pending 0.105 meter of staving
3Flow 1.05 * 10
-5～2.50 * 10
-5Rice
3/ s is advisable; Or by ozone generator preparation, ozone concentration be 0.08mg/L～) .2mg/L, or combine preparation with ozone generator by ultraviolet sterilizer.
Described purification Bei Shui ratio is 1: 10～1: 20.
4. oyster ecological ice-temperature keep-alive circulation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that ecological keep-alive condition is:
Anhydrous keep-alive in bulk; The keep-alive of single hole film packing; Packing weight is 1～5 kilogram, and keep-alive circulation temperature is 4～15 ℃.
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| CN2011101701128A CN102265797A (en) | 2011-06-20 | 2011-06-20 | Oyster ecology ice temperature keep-alive circulation method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103976410A (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-08-13 | 浙江万里学院 | Processing method for instant shelled seasoning tegillarca granosa |
| CN109221359A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-01-18 | 大连先先食品有限公司 | A kind of preservation technology of shellfish |
| CN109699727A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-05-03 | 大连海洋大学 | The anhydrous sterilizing keepalive method of one seed oyster |
| CN112075488A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-12-15 | 烟台雨哥食品有限公司 | Deep purification method for improving safety of shellfish food |
| CN113197246A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-08-03 | 中国海洋大学 | Method for purifying raw oysters |
| CN115152674A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-10-11 | 黄晓菊 | Method for breeding oysters capable of being eaten raw |
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| CN101278660A (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2008-10-08 | 广东海洋大学 | Circulating method for live Paphia undufata at ecological ice-temperature |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103976410A (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-08-13 | 浙江万里学院 | Processing method for instant shelled seasoning tegillarca granosa |
| CN109221359A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-01-18 | 大连先先食品有限公司 | A kind of preservation technology of shellfish |
| CN109699727A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-05-03 | 大连海洋大学 | The anhydrous sterilizing keepalive method of one seed oyster |
| CN112075488A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-12-15 | 烟台雨哥食品有限公司 | Deep purification method for improving safety of shellfish food |
| CN113197246A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-08-03 | 中国海洋大学 | Method for purifying raw oysters |
| CN113197246B (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2023-08-18 | 中国海洋大学 | Purification method of raw oyster |
| CN115152674A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-10-11 | 黄晓菊 | Method for breeding oysters capable of being eaten raw |
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Application publication date: 20111207 |