CN102261772B - Condenser - Google Patents
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- CN102261772B CN102261772B CN 201010187038 CN201010187038A CN102261772B CN 102261772 B CN102261772 B CN 102261772B CN 201010187038 CN201010187038 CN 201010187038 CN 201010187038 A CN201010187038 A CN 201010187038A CN 102261772 B CN102261772 B CN 102261772B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a condenser. The condenser comprises a cylinder body with openings at both ends and an undercooling device, wherein the cylinder body is provided with a refrigerant inlet by which a gas phase refrigerant is introduced, and a refrigerant outlet which forms an offset angle with the vertical direction of the cylinder body; one end of the cylinder body is hermetically connected with a first communication tube, and the other end of the cylinder body is hermetically connected with a water tank; the first communication tube is communicated with the water tank inside the cylinder body through a first heat exchange tube bundle to form a cycle refrigerating device which is used for cooling the gas phase refrigerant inside the cylinder body to form a liquid phase refrigerant; the undercooling device is positioned inside the cylinder body, is positioned below the first heat exchange tube bundle, is hermetically communicated with the refrigerant outlet and is used for receiving the liquid phase refrigerant to make the liquid phase refrigerant form an undercooling liquid phase refrigerant; and the undercooling liquid phase refrigerant is led out of the condenser through the refrigerant outlet. The condenser can reduce the injection volume of the refrigerant inside the condenser, can reduce the height of a supporting device connected with the condenser and is convenient to assemble and disassemble for users.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the compression-type refrigerating system technology of air-conditioning, particularly a kind of condenser for refrigeration unit.
Background technology
The refrigeration system of air conditioner is operated in hot environment and the low temperature environment.Refrigerant circulation flows the heat in the low temperature environment is discharged in the hot environment in cooling cycle system.The effect of the refrigeration principle compressor of general refrigeration machine is that the lower vapour pressure of pressure is shortened into the higher steam of pressure, and the volume of steam is reduced, and pressure raises.
With reference to shown in Figure 1, show the kind of refrigeration cycle schematic diagram of air-conditioning refrigeration system in the prior art; The refrigeration system of general air-conditioning is comprised of compressor 101, condenser 102, throttling unit 103 and evaporimeter 104 etc., is coupled together in certain sequence by pipeline to consist of closed system, fills the liquid phase refrigerant of an amount of low-temp low-pressure in the closed system.The low-temp low-pressure liquid phase refrigerant absorbs after the object heat that is cooled in evaporimeter 104, be gasificated into the vapor phase refrigerant of low-temp low-pressure, sucked by compressor 101, enter condenser 102 after being compressed into the vapor phase refrigerant of high pressure-temperature, in condenser to cooling medium (water or air, recirculated water 105 as shown in fig. 1) heat-shift, be condensed into the high pressure liquid phase refrigerant, be the liquid phase refrigerant of low-pressure low-temperature through 103 throttlings of throttling unit, again enter evaporimeter 104, the liquid phase refrigerant of this low-pressure low-temperature and extraneous recirculated water 105 heat-shifts reach the purpose of circularly cooling.Like this, cold-producing medium is finished a kind of refrigeration cycle through pervaporation, compression, condensation, four basic processes of throttling in system.
The cooling procedure of HTHP vapor phase refrigerant condenser of discharging from compressor 101 is: superheated vapor phase cold-producing medium-saturated vapor phase refrigerant-gas-liquid two-phase cold-producing medium-saturated liquid phase refrigerant-supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium.In vapour compression refrigeration system, the Main Function of condenser 102 is that discharging was condensed into cold liquid phase refrigerant from the heat of the vapor phase refrigerant of the HTHP of compressor 101 and with it.After the vapor phase refrigerant of superheat state enters condenser 102, the pipe (heat exchange tube bundle) that at first is condensed cooling is saturated gas, the vapor phase refrigerant of saturation state continues to contact cooling with condenser pipe, and liquefaction was the saturated liquid cold-producing medium after vapor phase refrigerant was emitted gasification latent heat.Because the saturated liquid cold-producing medium is before entering throttling unit 103, because of the former thereby shwoot of pressure-drop in pipeline, the cold-producing medium of shwoot affects the stability of throttling unit 103 and pipeline operation to the saturated liquid cold-producing medium easily easily.Therefore, in condenser 102, also need the saturated liquid cold-producing medium is continued to be cooled to sub-cooled liquid refrigerant, to prevent the flash phenomenon of above-mentioned cold-producing medium.Usually can apparatus for supercooling be set to finish the excessively cold of saturated liquid refrigerant in shell-and-tube cooler inside in the prior art.The below describes as an example of water-cooled shell-and-tube cooler example.
Shown in Fig. 2 A, Fig. 2 A shows the structural representation of shell-and-tube cooler 200 of the prior art, and Fig. 2 B is the schematic cross-section of shell-and-tube cooler 200, and Fig. 2 C is the enlarged diagram of 200 apparatus for supercooling 206 (A section) in the shell-and-tube cooler.Condenser 200 comprises: the cylindrical shell 201 of both ends open, be tightly connected for the first communicating pipe 205 by the second tube sheet 204 with an end opening of cylindrical shell 201, with the other end opening of cylindrical shell 201 by the first tube sheet 202 water tank 203 that is tightly connected, and first communicating pipe 205 and water tank 203 connect by the first heat exchange tube bundle 208 (this first heat exchange tube bundle 208 is comprised of the heat exchanger tube of a plurality of circulations) in that cylindrical shell 201 is inner, and the vapor phase refrigerant that is formed for cooling off cylindrical shell 201 inside makes the cycle refrigerating plant of its formation liquid phase refrigerant.This cylindrical shell is provided with the refrigerant inlet 210 that imports vapor phase refrigerant, and with the refrigerant outlet of refrigerant inlet 210 on same vertical direction (BB ' shown in Fig. 2 A); This refrigerant inlet 210 is used for receiving the superheated vapor phase cold-producing medium of compressor, be provided with the refrigerant outlet (not marking among the figure) of deriving these cylindrical shell 201 internal refrigeration storage agent under this cylindrical shell 201, this refrigerant outlet is fixedly connected with the liquid-phase tube 207 of deriving condenser 200 internal refrigeration storage agent, this liquid-phase tube 207 be positioned at described cylindrical shell 201 outsides under, namely the angle with the vertical direction BB ' of cylindrical shell 201 is 0 degree.
Shown in Fig. 2 B, described cylindrical shell 201 inside also are provided with the below that is positioned at described the first heat exchange tube bundle 208 and seal the apparatus for supercooling 206 that is communicated with described refrigerant outlet.Shown in Fig. 2 C, apparatus for supercooling 206 comprises feed liquor box 2063, be positioned at the cold box 2064 of mistake of described feed liquor box 2063 belows and be positioned at both ends open liquid bag 2065 under the cold box 2064, the cold box 2064 of described mistake is communicated with the end opening sealing of described liquid bag 2065, and the other end opening of this liquid bag 2065 is communicated with described refrigerant outlet sealing.Wherein, described feed liquor box 2063 is used for stopping that vapor phase refrigerant directly entered cold box 2064, between feed liquor box 2063 and the cold box 2064 of mistake, be formed with the first entrance 2061 of cold-producing medium, the top of the cold box 2064 of described mistake is provided with cold-producing medium the second entrance 2062, the centre is provided with the second heat exchange tube bundle (figure does not mark) for the cooling refrigeration agent, and the bottom is provided with the first outlet 2066 that cold-producing medium imports liquid bag 2065.
In the refrigeration system process, saturated vapor phase refrigerant enters in the condenser 200 by refrigerant inlet 210, at first through 208 heat exchange of the first heat exchange tube bundle, form the gas-liquid two-phase cold-producing medium, the vapor phase refrigerant of part continues to carry out heat exchange with the first heat exchange tube bundle 208, and liquid phase refrigerant compiles in cylindrical shell 201 inner bottom, and in the cold box 2064 of the mistake that enters apparatus for supercooling 206, this liquid phase refrigerant in crossing cold box 2064 through the heat exchange of the second heat exchange tube bundle, be cooled to supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium, and by liquid bag 2065, refrigerant outlet and liquid-phase tube 207 are derived condenser 102 and (flow direction of cold-producing medium have been shown, as shown by arrow F) among Fig. 2 A.
Yet the problem that above-mentioned process of refrigerastion usually occurs is as described below:
(1) for preventing that vapor phase refrigerant from entering apparatus for supercooling 206 inside (namely guarantee that the cold-producing medium in the condenser 102 do not collaborate (collaborate and refer to that vapor phase refrigerant did not flow directly into cold box 2064 through condensation)), need to cool off the liquid phase refrigerant that obtains and form fluid-tight at the first entrance 2061 of apparatus for supercooling 2064, namely need to compile more liquid phase refrigerant in cylindrical shell 201 inner bottom, just can form fluid-tight, thus need to be at the more cold-producing medium of condenser 200 inner injections.In addition, be higher than the first entrance 2061 owing to cross the second entrance 2062 of cold box 2064, its objective is be used to preventing that vapor phase refrigerant from entering cold box 2064 inside, cause thus the liquid phase refrigerant of condenser 200 inner barrel to be not easy to enter in the described apparatus for supercooling 206.
(2) from Fig. 2 C, can find out, owing to cross between cold box 206 and condenser cylindrical shell 201 bottoms and be provided with the larger liquid bag 2065 of volume, so that whole apparatus for supercooling 206 occupies more cylindrical shell 201 spaces, and then cause the first heat exchange tube bundle 208 of cylindrical shell 201 inside to be difficult for distributing, affect the heat exchange efficiency of cold-producing medium in the condenser 102.
(3) when the saturated liquid cold-producing medium flows out along the liquid-phase tube 207 of cylindrical shell 201 outer lower end, certain space is vacated in technological requirement condenser 102 bottoms, so that the user can mount and dismount the connecting pipe of this liquid-phase tube 207 and its connection, need thus liquid-phase tube 207 and ground to keep certain height.In this case, the whole bottom of condenser and the distance on ground are generally larger, and condenser needs higher bracing or strutting arrangement, and it is very inconvenient to cause mounting and dismounting above-mentioned condenser, and so that the cost increase of whole refrigeration unit.
Summary of the invention
Introduced the concept of a series of reduced forms in the summary of the invention part, this will further describe in specific embodiment part.Summary of the invention part of the present invention does not also mean that key feature and the essential features that will attempt to limit technical scheme required for protection, does not more mean that the protection domain of attempting to determine technical scheme required for protection.
In order effectively to address the above problem, the present invention proposes a kind of condenser, this condenser comprises:
The cylindrical shell of both ends open, this cylindrical shell are provided with the refrigerant inlet that imports vapor phase refrigerant, and are formed with the refrigerant outlet of deviation angle with the vertical direction of this cylindrical shell; One end of this cylindrical shell was tightly connected for the first communicating pipe, the other end water tank that is tightly connected, wherein, described the first communicating pipe and described water tank connect by the first heat exchange tube bundle in described inner barrel, and the vapor phase refrigerant that is formed for cooling off described inner barrel makes it form the cycle refrigerating plant of liquid phase refrigerant; Apparatus for supercooling, be positioned at described inner barrel, and be positioned at the below of described the first heat exchange tube bundle, and this apparatus for supercooling sealing is communicated with described refrigerant outlet, described apparatus for supercooling is used for receiving described liquid phase refrigerant makes it form supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium, derives described condenser via described refrigerant outlet.
Further, described refrigerant inlet is positioned at the top of described cylindrical shell, and described refrigerant outlet is positioned at the below of described cylindrical shell, and the deviation angle of the vertical direction of described refrigerant outlet and described cylindrical shell be greater than 0 the degree, less than or equal to 90 the degree.
Further, the refrigerant of described cycle refrigerating plant inside is water; And be tightly connected by the second tube sheet and described cylindrical shell described the first communicating pipe, described water tank is tightly connected by the first tube sheet and described cylindrical shell, and this first tube sheet and the second tube sheet have formed the bracing or strutting arrangement of described condenser.
Further, described refrigerant outlet is fixedly connected with the liquid-phase tube that is useful on the supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium of deriving described condenser inside, and it is outside and integrally formed with described cylindrical shell that this liquid-phase tube is positioned at described cylindrical shell.
Further, described apparatus for supercooling comprises: the cold box of mistake that is provided with the first entrance and the first outlet; Be fixedly connected on the baffle plate in the cold box of the described mistake outside, this baffle plate is positioned at described first access point, is used for preventing that described vapor phase refrigerant from entering in the cold box of described mistake; The liquid bag of both ends open, the end opening sealing of this liquid bag is communicated with the first outlet of the cold box of described mistake, and the sealing of other end opening is communicated with the refrigerant outlet of described cylindrical shell; Wherein, the liquid phase refrigerant of described inner barrel enters the cold box of described mistake by described the first entrance, this liquid phase refrigerant forms described supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium in the cold box of described mistake, and enter described liquid bag by described the first outlet, and then be guided to the refrigerant outlet of described cylindrical shell by described liquid bag.In addition, described liquid bag is positioned at the side of the cold box of described mistake.
Further, described the first entrance and the first outlet are arranged on the left and right sides of the cold box of described mistake, and perhaps described the first entrance and the first outlet are arranged on the up and down both sides of the cold box of described mistake.
Further, the cold box of described mistake also comprises: the second heat exchange tube bundle, be positioned at the inner and described cycle refrigerating plant that is tightly connected of the cold box of described mistake, the liquid phase refrigerant that is formed for cooling off the cold box of described mistake inside makes it form the cycle refrigerating plant of described supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium.
Further, the cold box of described mistake comprises also described the second heat exchange tube bundle is divided into two-part division board that the junction of this division board and the cold box of described mistake is provided with a plurality of the first holes.
According to a further aspect in the invention, the present invention also provides a kind of refrigeration unit, comprise the throttling unit, evaporimeter, compressor and the above-mentioned condenser that are connected successively by connecting pipe, this condenser is between described compressor and described throttling unit, described compressor is by the be tightly connected refrigerant inlet of described condenser cylindrical shell of connecting pipe, and described throttling unit connects the refrigerant outlet of described condenser cylindrical shell by described connecting pipe, and then forms the refrigerating circuit of refrigerant circulation.
Further, described refrigeration unit is air-conditioning.
Compared with prior art, the present invention be will be on the condenser cylindrical shell be used for deriving the refrigerant outlet of condenser internal refrigeration storage agent be offset this cylindrical shell vertical/the certain angle of vertical direction, make simultaneously the liquid-phase tube that is communicated with the water conservancy diversion cold-producing medium also be offset the certain angle of vertical direction.Condenser can reduce the injection rate of its internal refrigeration storage agent among the present invention, can reduce the height of the bracing or strutting arrangement of condenser connection simultaneously, user friendly installation and removal.
Further, when the change in location of refrigerant outlet on the described cylindrical shell, correspondingly adjust at the apparatus for supercooling that described condenser inner barrel is connected in this refrigerant outlet, liquid bag in the apparatus for supercooling can be arranged on the side of the cold box of described mistake, and then reduce this apparatus for supercooling at the height of inner barrel, made cold box more near described cylindrical shell bottom, can reduce on the one hand the injection rate of described condenser internal refrigeration storage agent, on the other hand can also be at the first more heat exchange tube bundle of the layout of condenser inner barrel, and then increased the heat exchange efficiency of condenser.
Moreover the present invention also crosses cold box in apparatus for supercooling first access point is provided with baffle plate, and this baffle plate can prevent that not only vapor phase refrigerant from entering apparatus for supercooling, and can prevent the cold-producing medium whirlpool.Because the cost of preparation refrigeration unit has been saved in above-mentioned improvement to condenser, has improved the heat exchange efficiency of whole refrigeration system.
Description of drawings
Following accompanying drawing of the present invention is used for understanding the present invention at this as a part of the present invention.Shown in the drawings of embodiments of the invention and description thereof, be used for explaining principle of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is the circulation theory figure of the refrigeration system of air-conditioning in the prior art;
Fig. 2 A is the structural representation of shell-and-tube cooler of the prior art;
Fig. 2 B is the sectional view of the apparatus for supercooling that comprises of the shell-and-tube cooler among Fig. 2 A;
Fig. 2 C is the enlarged diagram of the apparatus for supercooling among Fig. 2 B;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the improved shell-and-tube cooler according to the present invention;
Fig. 4 A is the sectional view of the first apparatus for supercooling of comprising of the shell-and-tube cooler among Fig. 3;
Fig. 4 B is the enlarged diagram of the first apparatus for supercooling among Fig. 4 A;
Fig. 5 A is the sectional view of the second apparatus for supercooling of comprising of the shell-and-tube cooler among Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 B is the enlarged diagram of the second apparatus for supercooling among Fig. 5 A;
Fig. 6 A is the sectional view of the third apparatus for supercooling of comprising of the shell-and-tube cooler among Fig. 3;
Fig. 6 B is the enlarged diagram of the third apparatus for supercooling among Fig. 6 A;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the division board of apparatus for supercooling use of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
In the following description, a large amount of concrete details have been provided in order to more thorough understanding of the invention is provided.Yet, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention can need not one or more these details and implemented.In other example, for fear of obscuring with the present invention, be not described for technical characterictics more well known in the art.Execution of the present invention is not limited to the specific details that those skilled in the art has the knack of.Preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail as follows, yet except these were described in detail, the present invention can also have other embodiments.
Condenser among the present invention comprises: the cylindrical shell of both ends open, this cylindrical shell are provided with the refrigerant inlet that imports vapor phase refrigerant, and are formed with the refrigerant outlet of deviation angle with the vertical direction of this cylindrical shell; One end of this cylindrical shell was tightly connected for the first communicating pipe, the other end water tank that is tightly connected, wherein, described the first communicating pipe and described water tank connect by the first heat exchange tube bundle in described inner barrel, and the vapor phase refrigerant that is formed for cooling off described inner barrel makes it form the cycle refrigerating plant of liquid phase refrigerant; Apparatus for supercooling, be positioned at described inner barrel, and be positioned at the below of described the first heat exchange tube bundle, and this apparatus for supercooling sealing is communicated with described refrigerant outlet, described apparatus for supercooling is used for receiving described liquid phase refrigerant makes it form supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium, derives described condenser via described refrigerant outlet.Preferably, described refrigerant inlet can be positioned at the top (preferably) of described cylindrical shell, described refrigerant outlet can be positioned at the below of described cylindrical shell, and the deviation angle of the vertical direction of described refrigerant outlet and described cylindrical shell be greater than 0 the degree, less than or equal to 90 the degree.
In order thoroughly to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
With reference to shown in Figure 3, the structural representation of Fig. 3 improved shell-and-tube cooler 300 according to the present invention.Wherein, condenser 300 comprises: the cylindrical shell 301 of both ends open, be tightly connected for the first communicating pipe 305 by the second tube sheet 304 with an end opening of cylindrical shell 301, the water tank 303 that is tightly connected by the first tube sheet 302 with the other end opening of cylindrical shell 301, and, first communicating pipe 305 and water tank 303 connect by the first heat exchange tube bundle 308 (heat exchanger tube by a plurality of circulations forms) in that described cylindrical shell 301 is inner, and the vapor phase refrigerant that is formed for cooling off described cylindrical shell 301 inside makes the cycle refrigerating plant of its formation liquid phase refrigerant.This cylindrical shell 301 is provided with the refrigerant inlet 310 that imports its internal refrigeration storage agent, be formed with the refrigerant outlet of deviation angle with the vertical direction with this cylindrical shell, the below that refrigerant outlet is positioned at described cylindrical shell preferably is set, and this refrigerant outlet is vertical with described cylindrical shell/vertical direction BB ' deviation angle can be for greater than 0 degree, less than or equal to 90 degree.In addition, cylindrical shell 301 inside also are provided with the below that is positioned at described the first heat exchange tube bundle 308 and seal the apparatus for supercooling 306 that is communicated with described refrigerant outlet, and described the first heat exchange tube bundle 308 and apparatus for supercooling 306 are parallel to cylindrical shell 301 and place.In the present embodiment, be fixedly connected with the liquid-phase tube 307 of deriving condenser 300 internal refrigeration storage agent on the described refrigerant outlet.Liquid-phase tube 307 is positioned at the outside of described cylindrical shell 301, namely be offset certain angle with vertical direction BB ', the scope of this angle can (not comprise 0 degree) between 0～45 degree, preferably between 5～30 degree, its objective is the supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium of being convenient to derive described condenser inside, make things convenient for liquid-phase tube 307 to be connected with the connecting pipeline of follow-up water conservancy diversion cold-producing medium.The condenser of the liquid-phase tube of above-mentioned employing skew can effectively reduce the height of the bracing or strutting arrangement of this condenser in addition.
In the refrigeration system process, refrigerant inlet 310 receives vapor phase refrigerant and makes this vapor phase refrigerant enter described cylindrical shell 301 inside (shown in arrow F among Fig. 3), at first through 308 heat exchange of the first heat exchange tube bundle, form the gas-liquid two-phase cold-producing medium, the vapor phase refrigerant of part continues to carry out heat exchange with the first heat exchange tube bundle 308, and liquid phase refrigerant compiles in cylindrical shell 301 inner bottom, and enter in the apparatus for supercooling 206, this apparatus for supercooling 206 is crossed cold one-tenth supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium with described liquid phase refrigerant, derives described condenser via described refrigerant outlet.
In the present embodiment, refrigerant can be water in the described cycle refrigerating plant, namely adopts recirculated water to come the vapor phase refrigerant of cooler condenser inside in the first heat exchange tube bundle 308.Described cylindrical shell 301 and the first tube sheet 302, the second tube sheet 304 are fixed together by welding manner, described the first tube sheet 302 can adopt the bolt mode to be connected with the water tank that deviates from cylindrical shell 301 sides, liquid-phase tube 307 can be integrally formed with condenser 300, such as, by the mode of welding.Need to prove that the cold-producing medium free air space of condenser 300 inside in the present embodiment all seals, it guarantees that described vapor phase refrigerant and liquid phase refrigerant do not leak.Preferably, condenser among the present invention can adopt the first above-mentioned tube sheet 302 and the extension of the second tube sheet 304 (scheming not shown) as the bracing or strutting arrangement of this condenser, can make things convenient for user's installation and removal thus, and save the cost of whole refrigeration system.
Particularly, described apparatus for supercooling 306 is stereochemical structure and 301 distributions of parallel cylindrical shell with the first heat exchange tube bundle 308.Described the first heat exchange tube bundle 308 is connected in cycle refrigerating plant 303, makes described refrigerant circulation in described the first heat exchange tube bundle.
Apparatus for supercooling in the above-mentioned condenser cylindrical shell can have multiple different structure, and it is used for reducing the space of the condenser cylindrical shell that takies on the one hand, adjusts for cooperating the variation of the refrigerant outlet on the described condenser cylindrical shell on the other hand.The below is elaborated as an example of three kinds of apparatus for supercooling example.
Shown in Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B, Fig. 4 A is the sectional view of the first apparatus for supercooling 400 among the present invention, and Fig. 4 B is the enlarged diagram of the first apparatus for supercooling 400 (A1 section) among Fig. 4 A.Apparatus for supercooling 400 comprises: the cold box 401 of mistake that is provided with the first entrance 404 and the first outlet 405; Be fixedly connected on the baffle plate 402 in the cold box of described mistake 401 outsides, this baffle plate 402 is positioned at described the first entrance 404 places, and it is used for preventing that described vapor phase refrigerant from entering in the cold box of described mistake; The liquid bag 403 of both ends open, the end opening sealing of this liquid bag 403 is communicated with the first outlet 405 of the cold box 401 of described mistake, and the other end opening sealing of this liquid bag is communicated with the refrigerant outlet of described cylindrical shell 301, is communicated with described liquid-phase tube 307 sealings simultaneously.In the present embodiment, described liquid bag 403 is positioned at the side of the cold box 401 of described mistake, what show in Fig. 4 B is that the upper surface of this liquid bag 403 and the upper surface of crossing cold box 401 are positioned at sustained height, certainly, in other embodiment, also can not be positioned at sustained height, namely described liquid bag 403 can be higher or lower than the height of cold box 403 upper surfaces of described mistake, and it specifically arranges and can set according to the process requirements of reality.Wherein, the liquid phase refrigerant of described cylindrical shell 301 inside enters the cold box 401 of described mistake by described the first entrance 404, this liquid phase refrigerant is cooled to described supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium in the cold box 401 of described mistake, and 405 enter described liquid bag 403 by described the first outlet, this liquid bag 403 compiles described supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium and it is guided to the refrigerant outlet of described cylindrical shell 301, derives described condenser by liquid-phase tube 307.
Preferably, the cross section of crossing cold box 401 can be rectangle or foursquare shape, its both sides, bottom of crossing cold box are respectively arranged with the first entrance 404 (side that can be chosen in cold box 401 arranges the first entrance 404), baffle plate 402 partial occlusions of this first entrance 404 by being fixedly connected with cold box 401 arrange the first outlet 405 in the upper end of crossing cold box 401 near a side of liquid-phase tube 307 positions.
Further, cross cold box 401 inside and be provided with the second heat exchange tube bundle 406, it connects described cycle refrigerating plant 303, makes the refrigerant in the cycle refrigerating plant 303 can be in described the second heat exchange tube bundle 406 interior circulation.This second heat exchange tube bundle 406 carries out heat exchange/cooling with the saturated liquid phase refrigerant that the first entrance 404 imports, and makes its formation supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium and derives cold box 401 by the first outlet 405, enters in the liquid bag 403 of cold box connection.In addition, this liquid bag 403 can be positioned at the cold box 401 of described mistake with respect to a side of the refrigerant outlet on the cylindrical shell, can be in close proximity to the bottom of described cylindrical shell 301 inside to guarantee cold box 401, the described supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium of convenient derivation.Further, reduced the height of the first apparatus for supercooling 400 in the condenser inner barrel, and then the liquid phase refrigerant liquid level of this inner barrel bottom can be reduced, can guarantee that also liquid phase refrigerant comparatively fast entered cold box 401 inside simultaneously.More preferably, the first entrance 404 of liquid phase refrigerant is set in the bottom of the cold box 401 of above-mentioned mistake, has reduced further the liquid level of cylindrical shell 301 inner liquid phase refrigerants, namely reduced the injection rate of this condenser internal refrigeration storage agent.
In the present embodiment, the effect of liquid bag 403 is used for compiling the supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium of the cold box 401 of described mistake on the one hand, makes the temperature of the supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium that flows into liquid-phase tube 307 or changes in flow rate unlikely excessively violent; Playing connection function crossing between cold box 401 and refrigerant outlet, the liquid-phase tube 307 on the other hand, a passage from first outlet 405 of crossing cold box 401 to the cold-producing medium circulation of liquid-phase tube 307 is being provided.Above-mentioned liquid bag 403 can be in sustained height with the cold box of described mistake, can save on the one hand the space of condenser inner barrel, and the first more heat exchange tube bundle 308 so that this condenser inner barrel can distribute has improved the heat exchange efficiency of condenser; Can reduce on the other hand the liquid level of the liquid phase refrigerant that entered cold box needs, namely reduce the injection rate of the vapor phase refrigerant of condenser inner barrel.Liquid bag 403 in the present embodiment can be installed in the condenser 300 after cold box 401 machines with crossing again, one side of liquid bag 403 and the cold box 401 of mistake weld together, an other side is arc-shaped curved surface, corresponding to the structure of described refrigerant outlet, to guarantee that this liquid bag 403 and condenser cylindrical shell 301 internal faces can complete applyings.
In the refrigeration system process, saturated vapor phase refrigerant enters in the condenser 300, at first 308 heat exchange are the saturated two phase refrigerant of gas-liquid through the first heat exchange tube bundle, these saturated liquid phase refrigerant cylindrical shell 301 inner bottom are compiled, then entered in the cold box 401 of mistake of the first apparatus for supercooling by the first entrance 404 of crossing cold box 401, after passing through the second heat exchange tube bundle 406 heat exchange of cold box 401 inside, so that saturated liquid phase refrigerant forms supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium, then imported in the liquid bag 403 by first outlet 405 of crossing cold box, and import in the liquid-phase tube 307 by the refrigerant outlet that is communicated with liquid bag 403 sealing, and then with supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium derivation condenser 300.
Further, the cold box 401 of described mistake also comprises described the second heat exchange tube bundle 406 is divided into two-part division board 407, and this division board 407 and the junction of the cold box 401 of described mistake are provided with first hole (with reference to partition plate structure shown in Figure 7) of a plurality of circles or rectangle.This division board 407 made the liquid phase refrigerant of cold box 401 inside effectively carry out heat exchange with the second heat exchange tube bundle 406.What the flow direction of the inner liquid phase refrigerant of the first cooling device shown in Fig. 4 B adopted is the mode of bottom in and top out.Cross the cold box 401 inner division boards 407 that use at this, adopted the double-flow structure to flow so that be somebody's turn to do the liquid phase refrigerant of cold box inside thus.Particularly, liquid phase refrigerant entered cold box 401 interior lower end by the first entrance 404, after the heat exchange through part the first heat exchange tube bundle, flowed to the two ends of cold box 401 along division board 407, the second hole by division board entered cold box 401 tops, with the first heat exchange tube bundle heat exchange of another part, flowed in the liquid bags 403 (such as arrow points among Fig. 4 B) by first outlet 405 of crossing cold box 401 afterwards again.Preferably, the cold box 401 of division board 407 and described mistake can be integrative-structure.
Compare apparatus for supercooling with prior art, the first apparatus for supercooling 400 of the tall and thin type in the present embodiment can effectively reduce the liquid level of condenser 300 inner barrel liquid phase refrigerants.In addition, be provided with baffle plate 402 at the first entrance 404 places of crossing cold box 401, this baffle plate 402 can make the liquid phase refrigerant that enters this apparatus for supercooling not need to carry out fluid-tight, correspondingly, can reduce the injection rate of the vapor phase refrigerant of condenser 300 inside.In addition, liquid bag 403 positions and the cold box of mistake 401 positions that the first apparatus for supercooling 400 can be set are concordant, reduce this first apparatus for supercooling at the height of condenser inner barrel, and rationally utilized the space of condenser cylindrical shell 301 inside, thus can be at these condenser cylindrical shell 301 inner the first more heat exchange tube bundles 308 that distribute, improve the heat exchange efficiency of this condenser 300, perhaps under the condition that guarantees identical heat exchange efficiency, condenser of the present invention can reduce the cylindrical shell size of condenser effectively.
Shown in Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B, Fig. 5 A is the sectional view of the second apparatus for supercooling 500 among the present invention, and Fig. 5 B is the enlarged diagram of the second apparatus for supercooling 500 (A2 section) among Fig. 5 A.The second cooling device 500 is similar to the structure of above-mentioned the first apparatus for supercooling 400.What this second apparatus for supercooling 500 was different from the first apparatus for supercooling 400 is that what the flow direction of the second apparatus for supercooling 500 inner liquid phase refrigerants adopted is that the mode that the right side goes out is advanced on a left side.Preferably this second cooling device 500 can contact with condenser 300 inner barrel bottoms, or is fixed on the bottom of described inner barrel.Described the second cooling device 500 comprises the liquid bag 503 of the cold box 501 of mistake, baffle plate 502 and the both ends open that are provided with the first entrance 504 and the first outlet 505.Described baffle plate 502 is fixedly connected on the cold box 501 of described mistake and is positioned at described the first entrance 504 places, the first outlet 505 of the cold box 501 of described mistake is communicated with the end opening sealing of described liquid bag 503, imports in the liquid bag 503 in order to cross the supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium of cold box inside.The other end opening of described liquid bag 503 is communicated with the sealing of the refrigerant outlet of condenser cylindrical shell 301, makes its inner supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium derive condenser 300.Described the first entrance 504 and the first outlet 505 all were arranged on the dual-side of cold box 501 lower ends, the flow direction of namely crossing cold-producing medium in the cold box 501 is that a left side is entered the right side and gone out, also can reduce thus the liquid level of the liquid phase refrigerant of inner barrel, reduce the injection rate of condenser inner barrel cold-producing medium.
In refrigeration system, liquid phase refrigerant flows into from the first entrance 504 of crossing cold box 501 left sides, carry out heat exchange by the second heat exchange tube bundle of crossing cold box 501 inside, form supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium, and then from crossing the first outlet 505 importing liquid bags 503 on cold box 501 right sides, the liquid-phase tube 307 from condenser cylindrical shell sidepiece after compiling through liquid bag 503 flows out (such as arrow points Fig. 5 B).Compare with the first apparatus for supercooling in the first embodiment, the refrigerant outlet that liquid-phase tube 307 connects in the present embodiment and the angular range of vertical direction can be larger, and the preferred angle that adopts is in 20 degree.It is relatively less that this second cooling device 500 takies the space of condensing gas inner barrel, can reduce the injection rate of condenser internal refrigeration storage agent simultaneously.Use the condenser of this second apparatus for supercooling, its heat exchange efficiency has increased, and the height of the bracing or strutting arrangement that needs reduced, thus so that the cost of whole refrigeration unit.
Further, also can arrange in the inside of the cold box 501 of the mistake of the second cooling device 500 described the second heat exchange tube bundle is divided into two-part division board 506, it is used for making liquid phase refrigerant crossing the inner better cooling of cold box, and the structure of this division board 506 can be as shown in Figure 7.
Shown in Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B, Fig. 6 A is the sectional view of the third apparatus for supercooling 600 among the present invention, and Fig. 6 B is the enlarged diagram of the third apparatus for supercooling 600 (A3 section) among Fig. 6 A.In the 3rd cooling device, the first entrance 604 of the cold box 601 of described mistake is arranged at the top that it crosses cold box 601, described the first outlet 605 is arranged at the bottom of cold box 601.And then the flow direction that makes its inner liquid phase refrigerant adopts is the mode (flow direction of the cold-producing medium shown in arrow among Fig. 6 B in the 3rd apparatus for supercooling 600) of upper entering and lower leaving.What the 3rd cooling device was different from the first cooling device is, the structure of the baffle plate 602 of the 3rd apparatus for supercooling 600 is larger, it is used for preventing the whirlpool of liquid phase refrigerant on the one hand, is used on the other hand preventing that vapor phase refrigerant from directly entering described the 3rd cooling device.In addition, the fluid inclusion in the 3rd apparatus for supercooling 600 is long-pending have been increased, and has both comprised the bottom space of crossing cold box 601, has comprised simultaneously the outside sidewall spaces (near the sidewall spaces of refrigerant outlet on the condenser cylindrical shell) of crossing cold box.Described liquid bag 603 is communicated with the refrigerant outlet sealing of condenser cylindrical shell side, can be offset certain angle with vertical direction so that sealing is communicated with the liquid-phase tube of refrigerant outlet, reaches the purpose that reduces the condenser height and save the condenser bracing or strutting arrangement.Shown in Fig. 6 B, the form with radial hole is communicated with refrigerant outlet, liquid-phase tube sealing the liquid bag 603 of the 3rd apparatus for supercooling 600 in the present embodiment in condenser cylindrical shell side.
Need to prove: refrigerant outlet can be circle, rectangle, leg-of-mutton arbitrary shape.Correspondingly, (facing to the central shaft of cylindrical shell) circular hole shape radially all can be adopted in the junction of above-mentioned liquid bag, refrigerant outlet and liquid-phase tube, and in the actual process, circular hole ratio radially is easier to processing, and its precision is relatively high.The port of the liquid bag that therefore, sealing is communicated with on the condenser cylindrical shell, refrigerant outlet, liquid-phase tube preferably adopts the structure of circular hole radially.
Preferably, each assembly of above-mentioned condenser all is to adopt the metal material preparation, preferably uses Steel material.In addition, on the cylinder inboard wall surface of condenser the dielectric layer that one deck has lower not freezing temperature can be set, its material can be polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), phenolic resins or other macromolecular material, thickness is between the 20-100 micron, be used for preventing the volatilization of liquid phase refrigerant or saturated liquid phase refrigerant, or prevent each assembly that corrodes by condenser etc.Described cold-producing medium can be the cold-producing medium of fluorine carbon cold-producing medium, carbon dioxide and ammonia mixing etc.
With reference to shown in Figure 7, Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the division board 701 of apparatus for supercooling use of the present invention.Described partition wall 701 is used for the second above-mentioned heat exchange tube bundle is divided into two parts at the middle part that was fixedly connected with cold box.Described partition wall 701 is being provided with a plurality of the first holes 702 near the junction of crossing cold box, and described the first hole 702 can be any for circle, triangle or rectangle etc.In addition, this first hole 702 can be parallel on the line of cold box, and arranged along the length direction of cylindrical shell, or was close to the random distribution shape of cold box junction.The arrangement mode in this first hole 702 is set according to the process requirements of reality.
Below illustrate the different of condenser among condenser of the prior art and the present invention.
The condenser cylindrical shell length L of using among prior art and the present invention is 8 feet, and the diameter D of condenser cylindrical shell is 22 inches, and all is to adopt the extension of the first tube sheet and the second tube sheet as the bracing or strutting arrangement of this condenser.
Table one: the technological parameter of the condenser among condenser of the prior art and the present invention relatively
| Condenser cylindrical shell length L is 8 feet, and the diameter D of condenser cylindrical shell is 22 inches | Prior art | The present invention |
| Cross cold box the first entrance apart from the minimum constructive height of cylindrical shell bottom (the cylindrical shell lowermost end of vertical direction) | 78mm | 48mm |
| The liquid level minimum altitude of the liquid phase refrigerant of condenser inner barrel | 98mm | 68mm |
| The minimum volume of the liquid phase refrigerant of condenser inner barrel | 70L | 40L |
| The minimum height values of condenser bracing or strutting arrangement | 150mm | 90mm |
The physical dimension of more above-mentioned two kinds of condensers, can it is evident that the injection rate that adopts condenser structure of the present invention can save cold-producing medium, condenser of the present invention can be saved out the demand of the liquid refrigerant about 30L, and can save out the first tube sheet of 90mm and the design height of the second tube sheet.Simultaneously, can make the height of condenser reduce 90mm.In the refrigeration unit of the structure that adopts condenser and evaporimeter to stack, the reduction of condenser height just means the reduction of whole refrigeration unit total height, can make things convenient for thus transportation and the installation of refrigeration unit.
Certainly, can also provide a kind of refrigeration unit among the present invention, this refrigeration unit can comprise throttling unit, evaporimeter, compressor and the above-mentioned condenser that is connected successively by connecting pipe, this condenser is between described compressor and described throttling unit, described compressor is by the be tightly connected refrigerant inlet of described condenser cylindrical shell of connecting pipe, and described throttling unit connects the refrigerant outlet of described condenser cylindrical shell by described connecting pipe, and then forms the refrigerating circuit of refrigerant circulation.Preferably, described refrigeration unit can be air-conditioning.
Above-mentioned vapor phase refrigerant can comprise one or more in saturated vapor phase refrigerant, overheated saturated vapor phase refrigerant, superheated vapor phase cold-producing medium, the vapor phase refrigerant, described liquid phase refrigerant can comprise one or more in saturated liquid phase refrigerant, the liquid phase refrigerant, and described supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium can comprise in cold saturated liquid phase refrigerant, the supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium one or more.
The present invention is illustrated by above-described embodiment, but should be understood that, above-described embodiment just is used for for example and the purpose of explanation, but not is intended to the present invention is limited in the described scope of embodiments.It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that in addition the present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, can also make more kinds of variants and modifications according to instruction of the present invention, these variants and modifications all drop in the present invention's scope required for protection.Protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalent scope thereof.
Claims (9)
1. a condenser is characterized in that, this condenser comprises:
The cylindrical shell of both ends open, this cylindrical shell are provided with the refrigerant inlet that imports vapor phase refrigerant, and are formed with the refrigerant outlet of deviation angle with the vertical direction of this cylindrical shell;
One end of this cylindrical shell was tightly connected for the first communicating pipe, the other end water tank that is tightly connected, wherein, described the first communicating pipe and described water tank connect by the first heat exchange tube bundle in described inner barrel, and the vapor phase refrigerant that is formed for cooling off described inner barrel makes it form the cycle refrigerating plant of liquid phase refrigerant;
Apparatus for supercooling, be positioned at described inner barrel, and be positioned at the below of described the first heat exchange tube bundle, and this apparatus for supercooling sealing is communicated with described refrigerant outlet, described apparatus for supercooling is used for receiving described liquid phase refrigerant makes it form supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium, derive described condenser via described refrigerant outlet, described apparatus for supercooling comprises: the cold box of mistake that is provided with the first entrance and the first outlet; Be fixedly connected on the baffle plate in the cold box of the described mistake outside, this baffle plate is positioned at described first access point, is used for preventing that described vapor phase refrigerant from entering in the cold box of described mistake; The liquid bag of both ends open, the end opening sealing of this liquid bag is communicated with the first outlet of the cold box of described mistake, and the sealing of other end opening is communicated with the refrigerant outlet of described cylindrical shell; Wherein, the liquid phase refrigerant of described inner barrel enters the cold box of described mistake by described the first entrance, this liquid phase refrigerant forms described supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium in the cold box of described mistake, and enter described liquid bag by described the first outlet, and then being guided to the refrigerant outlet of described cylindrical shell by described liquid bag, described liquid bag is positioned at the side of the cold box of described mistake.
2. condenser as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described refrigerant inlet is positioned at the top of described cylindrical shell, described refrigerant outlet is positioned at the below of described cylindrical shell, and the deviation angle of the vertical direction of described refrigerant outlet and described cylindrical shell is greater than 0 degree, less than or equal to 90 degree.
3. condenser as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, the refrigerant of described cycle refrigerating plant inside is water; And be tightly connected by the second tube sheet and described cylindrical shell described the first communicating pipe, described water tank is tightly connected by the first tube sheet and described cylindrical shell, and this first tube sheet and the second tube sheet have formed the bracing or strutting arrangement of described condenser.
4. condenser as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described refrigerant outlet is fixedly connected with the liquid-phase tube that is useful on the supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium of deriving described condenser inside, and it is outside and integrally formed with described cylindrical shell that this liquid-phase tube is positioned at described cylindrical shell.
5. condenser as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described the first entrance and the first outlet are arranged on the left and right sides of the cold box of described mistake, perhaps
Described the first entrance and the first outlet are arranged on the up and down both sides of the cold box of described mistake.
6. condenser as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the cold box of described mistake also comprises:
The second heat exchange tube bundle is positioned at the inner and described cycle refrigerating plant that is tightly connected of the cold box of described mistake, and the liquid phase refrigerant that is formed for cooling off the cold box of described mistake inside makes it form the cycle refrigerating plant of described supercooled liquid phase cold-producing medium.
7. condenser as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the cold box of described mistake comprises also described the second heat exchange tube bundle is divided into two-part division board that the junction of this division board and the cold box of described mistake is provided with a plurality of the first holes.
8. refrigeration unit, comprise the throttling unit, evaporimeter and the compressor that are connected successively by connecting pipe, it is characterized in that, this refrigeration unit also comprises condenser as claimed in claim 1, this condenser is between described compressor and described throttling unit, described compressor is by the be tightly connected refrigerant inlet of described condenser cylindrical shell of connecting pipe, and described throttling unit connects the refrigerant outlet of described condenser cylindrical shell by described connecting pipe, and then forms the refrigerating circuit of refrigerant circulation.
9. refrigeration unit as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described refrigeration unit is air-conditioning.
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| CN 201010187038 CN102261772B (en) | 2010-05-26 | 2010-05-26 | Condenser |
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| CN 201010187038 CN102261772B (en) | 2010-05-26 | 2010-05-26 | Condenser |
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| CN103017425B (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2015-04-29 | 克莱门特捷联制冷设备(上海)有限公司 | Refrigerant pipeline and heat exchanger provided with same |
| CN104729346A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-06-24 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Shell and tube guard plate, mounting method thereof and shell and tube heat exchanger |
| CN106642833A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2017-05-10 | 麦克维尔空调制冷(武汉)有限公司 | Condenser and heat exchange system comprising same |
| US20170176066A1 (en) | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-22 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Condenser with external subcooler |
| US10830510B2 (en) | 2015-12-21 | 2020-11-10 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Heat exchanger for a vapor compression system |
| IT202000019324A1 (en) | 2020-08-05 | 2022-02-05 | Mitsubishi Electric Hydronics & It Cooling Systems S P A | CONDENSER ARRANGEMENT FOR IMPROVED EFFICIENCY REFRIGERANT CYCLE ARRANGEMENT |
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| CN1147622A (en) * | 1994-11-10 | 1997-04-16 | 约克国际公司 | Condenser with drainage member for reducing volume of liquid in reservoir |
| CN101338959A (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2009-01-07 | 高克联管件(上海)有限公司 | Efficient shell and tube type condenser |
| WO2009089100A1 (en) * | 2008-01-02 | 2009-07-16 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Heat exchanger |
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| JPS533235Y2 (en) * | 1971-11-15 | 1978-01-27 | ||
| JPS5463551U (en) * | 1977-10-14 | 1979-05-04 | ||
| JPS56168776U (en) * | 1980-05-15 | 1981-12-14 | ||
| JPH08233408A (en) * | 1995-02-27 | 1996-09-13 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Shell and tube type condenser |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1147622A (en) * | 1994-11-10 | 1997-04-16 | 约克国际公司 | Condenser with drainage member for reducing volume of liquid in reservoir |
| WO2009089100A1 (en) * | 2008-01-02 | 2009-07-16 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Heat exchanger |
| CN101338959A (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2009-01-07 | 高克联管件(上海)有限公司 | Efficient shell and tube type condenser |
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