CN102246913B - Biologically fermented straw feed prepared through anaerobic or facultative fermentation - Google Patents
Biologically fermented straw feed prepared through anaerobic or facultative fermentation Download PDFInfo
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- CN102246913B CN102246913B CN2011102111448A CN201110211144A CN102246913B CN 102246913 B CN102246913 B CN 102246913B CN 2011102111448 A CN2011102111448 A CN 2011102111448A CN 201110211144 A CN201110211144 A CN 201110211144A CN 102246913 B CN102246913 B CN 102246913B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a biologically fermented straw feed prepared through anaerobic or facultative fermentation. The feed is mainly prepared by mixing the following raw materials by weight: 30-90% of straws, 5-30% of bran, 0.1-0.2% of biological fermentation agent and 0-2% of premix. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the feed. The preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: grinding the straws, then adding water into the straws and stirring the materials; adding an ammonizator to carry out ammonification, adding the bran, the biological fermentation agent and the premix into the ammonified straws, fully mixing the materials and adjusting the moisture content to 40-60% of the total raw materials; and then carrying out anaerobic or facultative fermentation and directly obtaining the product after fermentation. The feed has the following beneficial effects: the compound bacteria are adopted for fermentation, thus solving the problem of low efficiency of single bacterium fermentation and improving the decomposition rate of the straws; the straws are added for changing in a wide range; the universality is improved; and the feed can be gently touched and micro-stored, can be stored for long term and is mainly used as the feed for such herbivores as cattle, sheep, horses, donkeys, rabbits, geese and the like.
Description
Technical field
The biological fermentation feed that to the present invention relates to a kind of main employing stalk be raw material belongs to technical field of biological fermentation, particularly the straw biological fermented feed of a kind of anaerobism or double aerobe fermentation preparation.
Background technology
Present natural herbvore raw material, can be ruminants such as cattle and sheep carbohydrate is provided, be grass fiber, lignin, pectic substance etc., in cud (comprising abomasum), through a large amount of spontaneous probios (cellulose-decomposing bacteria, starch decomposer, protein decomposing dacteria etc.), be glucide with organic matter enzymolysis such as cellulose, hemicelluloses, again through the bacterium synthesising thalli protein, for growth needs such as cattle and sheep.But the probio of cud is limited, and the utilization rate of straw fiber also is restricted.
Based on the cattle and sheep feed of straw ensiling, little storage, be to utilize anaerobism to store or add the ensilage of the method production of lactic acid bacteria in the prior art.Though contain a certain amount of lactic acid bacteria, bacterial classification is single, synthetic almost nonsensical to fiber decomposition and mycoprotein, so, though this method is favourable to the straw storage, consider from nutrition angle and efficiency of feed utilization, be worth not high.
At present with the biological feedstuff of aerobic probio (as saccharomycete, actinomyces, gemma bacterium etc.) fermentation crop straw, because under aerobic environment, mildewing bacterium easily now, the living contaminants especially severe, tunning becomes easily and contains mould, toxic corrupt feed, as control badly, will cause multiple sufferer to livestock and poultry.
Sum up the problems referred to above, at present crop straw is handled, still do not have ripe and desirable fermentation process, to the utilization of crop straw, still be in the more original primary stage.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the straw biological fermented feed of a kind of anaerobism or double aerobe fermentation preparation, solved the low efficiency problem of the single lactic acid bacteria of prior art, decomposition efficiency and the price of deed of straw have been improved, producting stalk fodder value and anti pathologic immunity ability have been improved, to development cattle and sheep ecologic breeding and the efficient simple and easy to do bionical biofermentation approach that found that utilizes of crop straw.
The present invention realizes by following technical scheme:
The straw biological fermented feed of a kind of anaerobism or the preparation of double aerobe fermentation mainly mixes according to following raw material and weight proportion thereof: stalk 30～90%, bran 5～30%, bio-fermentation agent 0.1～0.2%, premix 0～2%.
The straw biological fermented feed of a kind of anaerobism or the preparation of double aerobe fermentation mixes according to following raw material and weight proportion thereof: stalk 50～60%, bran 20～30%, edible feed waste residue or vinasse 10～20%, bio-fermentation agent 0.1～0.2%, premix 0～2%.
The straw biological fermented feed of a kind of anaerobism or the preparation of double aerobe fermentation mixes according to following raw material and weight proportion thereof: stalk 30～40%, bran 10～20%, grain 20～30%, bio-fermentation agent 0.1～0.2%, premix 0～2%.
Described grain is one or more mixtures that are preferably in corn, wheat class and the paddy.
Described bio-fermentation agent is the mixing compound bacteria of saccharomycete, bacillus and the cured bean sprouts spore bacillus of anaerobism or double oxygen.
Feed of the present invention is not that above-mentioned each composition is independent, perhaps above-mentioned each composition is divided into some groups multicomponent nested form, but the composition of mentioned component coexists as same component.
The invention also discloses the preparation method of this straw biological fermented feed:
(1) crop material is air-dry or dry, moisture is between 50～70%, and chopping is 5～10cm to length;
(2) after the employing pulverizer was crushed to 3～5mm with above-mentioned material, the water of adding pulverizing crop material total amount 50～70% stirred, and added 5～10% aminating agent, sealed ammonification and handled 15～30 days;
(3) crop material after handling to ammonification adds bran, bio-fermentation agent, premix and other raw materials, adjusts moisture between 40～60%, and stirring at normal temperature is even;
(4) the said mixture material is dropped in sealing or the semiclosed round, adjust the temperature to 15～35 ℃, fermented 7～10 days, fermentation finishes and namely gets product.
The method of adjusting moisture in the described step (3) is by adding water or adding stalk and the mixture of bran is adjusted.When water content is low, add water; When water content is high, add the mixture of stalk and bran, it has stronger water imbibition.
The feed product of the present invention's preparation has dense sweet acid alcohol fragrance, and material is pale brown toner material or fiberous material.
Except specified otherwise, the raw material that the present invention relates to and reagent is commercially available getting all.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, product water content of the present invention is about 40～60%, probio 0.1～0.2 hundred million/gram.
2, the present invention can long preservation, and the holding time is about 1 year, as long as be kept in booth or the kiln in winter, need not special processing, and versatility is extensive, can be used for Herbivores such as ox, sheep, horse, donkey, rabbit, goose and raises.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
One, prescription
Get 100 weight portion raw materials, get material according to the proportioning of following umber:
85 parts of stalks
12.9 parts of brans
0.1 part of bio-fermentation agent
2 parts of premixes
Wherein bio-fermentation agent is the mixing compound bacteria of saccharomycete, bacillus and the cured beans spore bacillus of anaerobism or double oxygen.
Two, preparation technology
(1) 85 parts of crop materials is air-dry or dry, to moisture be 70%, chopping is 5cm to length;
(2) after the employing pulverizer is crushed to 3～5mm with above-mentioned material, add the water of pulverizing crop material total amount 50%, stir, add 5% carbonic hydroammonium, seal ammonification processing 15 days;
(3) crop material after handling to ammonification adds 12.9 parts of brans, 0.1 part of the mixing compound bacteria of the saccharomycete of anaerobism or double oxygen, bacillus and cured beans spore bacillus, 2 parts of premixes, employing adds water or adds stalk and the mixture of bran is adjusted moisture, be adjusted to 40%, stirring at normal temperature is even;
(4) the said mixture material is dropped in the sealing round, adjust the temperature to 20 ℃, fermented 7 days, fermentation finishes and namely gets product.
Three, product analysis
Carry out the test of moisture according to GB6435-86, recording moisture is 48.5%.
Carry out probio mensuration according to GB/T4789.35, probio quantity 0.15 hundred million/gram.
After the product of embodiment 1 preserved 12 months, carry out same mensuration, recording moisture is 42.5%, records probio quantity 0.12 hundred million/gram.
Embodiment 2
One, prescription
Get 100 weight portion raw materials, get material according to the proportioning of following umber:
60 parts of stalks
20 parts of brans
19.9 parts of pomaces
0.1 part of bio-fermentation agent
Wherein bio-fermentation agent is the mixing compound bacteria of saccharomycete, bacillus and the cured beans spore bacillus of anaerobism or double oxygen.
Two, preparation technology
(1) 60 parts of crop materials is air-dry or dry, to moisture be 50%, chopping is 3cm to length;
(2) after the employing pulverizer is crushed to 3～5mm with above-mentioned material, add the water of pulverizing crop material total amount 70%, stir, add 10% carbonic hydroammonium, seal ammonification processing 20 days;
(3) crop material after handling to ammonification adds 20 parts of brans, 18.9 parts of pomaces, 0.1 part of the mixing compound bacteria of the saccharomycete of anaerobism or double oxygen, bacillus and cured beans spore bacillus, 2 parts of premixes, employing adds water or adds stalk and the mixture of bran is adjusted moisture, be adjusted to 50%, stirring at normal temperature is even;
(4) the said mixture material is dropped in the semiclosed round, adjust the temperature to 30 ℃, fermented 10 days, fermentation finishes and namely gets product.
Three, product analysis
Carry out the test of moisture according to GB6435-86, recording moisture is 58.5%.
Carry out probio mensuration according to GB/T4789.35, probio quantity 0.12 hundred million/gram.
After the product of embodiment 2 preserved 12 months, carry out same mensuration, recording moisture is 56.5%, records probio quantity 0.1 hundred million/gram.
Embodiment 3
One, prescription
Get 100 weight portion raw materials, get material according to the proportioning of following umber:
60 parts of stalks
20 parts of brans
18.9 parts in vinasse
0.1 part of bio-fermentation agent
1 part of premix
Wherein bio-fermentation agent is the mixing compound bacteria of saccharomycete, bacillus and the cured beans spore bacillus of anaerobism or double oxygen.
Two, preparation technology
(1) 60 parts of crop materials is air-dry or dry, to moisture be 50%, chopping is 3cm to length;
(2) after the employing pulverizer is crushed to 3～5mm with above-mentioned material, add the water of pulverizing crop material total amount 70%, stir, add 7.5% carbonic hydroammonium, seal ammonification processing 20 days;
(3) crop material after handling to ammonification adds 20 parts of brans, 18.9 parts in vinasse, 0.1 part of the mixing compound bacteria of the saccharomycete of anaerobism or double oxygen, bacillus and cured beans spore bacillus, 2 parts of premixes, employing adds water or adds stalk and the mixture of bran is adjusted moisture, be adjusted to 50%, stirring at normal temperature is even;
(4) the said mixture material is dropped in the semiclosed round, adjust the temperature to 30 ℃, fermented 10 days, fermentation finishes and namely gets product.
Three, product analysis
Carry out the test of moisture according to GB6435-86, recording moisture is 58.5%.
Carry out probio mensuration according to GB/T4789.35, probio quantity 0.16 hundred million/gram.
After the product of embodiment 3 preserved 12 months, carry out same mensuration, recording moisture is 56.5%, records probio quantity 0.15 hundred million/gram.
Embodiment 4
One, prescription
Get 100 weight portion raw materials, get material according to the proportioning of following umber:
40 parts of stalks
18 parts of brans
25 parts in corn and wheat mixture
15.8 parts of other additives
0.2 part of bio-fermentation agent
1 part of premix
Wherein bio-fermentation agent is the mixing compound bacteria of saccharomycete, bacillus and the cured beans spore bacillus of anaerobism or double oxygen.
Two, preparation technology
(1) 40 parts of crop materials is air-dry or dry, to moisture be 60%, chopping is 3cm to length;
(2) after the employing pulverizer is crushed to 3～5mm with above-mentioned material, add the water of pulverizing crop material total amount 60%, stir, add 10% carbonic hydroammonium, seal ammonification processing 25 days;
(3) crop material after handling to ammonification adds 18 parts of brans, 25 parts in corn and wheat mixture, 15.8 parts of other additives, 0.2 part of the mixing compound bacteria of the saccharomycete of anaerobism or double oxygen, bacillus and cured beans spore bacillus, 1 part of premix, employing adds water or adds stalk and the mixture of bran is adjusted moisture, is adjusted to 50%, and stirring at normal temperature is even;
(4) the said mixture material is dropped in the sealing round, adjust the temperature to 35 ℃, fermented 8 days, fermentation finishes and namely gets product.
Three, product analysis
Carry out the test of moisture according to GB6435-86, recording moisture is 52.5%.
Carry out probio mensuration according to GB/T4789.35, probio quantity 0.14 hundred million/gram.
After the product of embodiment 4 preserved 12 months, carry out same mensuration, recording moisture is 49.5%, records probio quantity 0.12 hundred million/gram.
Claims (5)
1. the preparation method of straw biological fermented feed of an anaerobism or double aerobe fermentation preparation: it is characterized in that realizing by following step:
(1) crop material is air-dry or dry, moisture is between 50～70%, and chopping is 5～10cm to length;
(2) after the employing pulverizer was crushed to 3～5mm with above-mentioned material, the water of adding pulverizing crop material total amount 50～70% stirred, and added 5～10% aminating agent, sealed ammonification and handled 15～30 days;
(3) crop material after handling to ammonification adds following primary raw material: bran, bio-fermentation agent and premix, mix, make weight proportion be: stalk 30～90%, bran 5～30%, bio-fermentation agent 0.1～0.2%, premix 02%, adjust moisture then between 40～60%, stirring at normal temperature is even;
(4) the said mixture material is dropped in sealing or the semiclosed round, adjust the temperature to 15～35 ℃, fermented 7～10 days, fermentation finishes and namely gets product.
2. the preparation method of straw biological fermented feed of anaerobism as claimed in claim 1 or double aerobe fermentation preparation: the method that it is characterized in that adjusting in the described step (3) moisture is by adding water or adding powder of straw and the mixture of bran siccative is adjusted.
3. the preparation method of straw biological fermented feed of anaerobism as claimed in claim 1 or double aerobe fermentation preparation: the bio-fermentation agent that it is characterized in that described step (3) is the mixing compound bacteria of saccharomycete and the bafillus natto of anaerobism or double oxygen.
4. as the preparation method of the straw biological fermented feed of the described anaerobism of claim 1-2 or double aerobe fermentation preparation: step as described in it is characterized in that (3) mixes according to following raw material and weight proportion thereof: stalk 50～60%, bran 20～30%, edible feed waste residue or vinasse 10～20%, bio-fermentation agent 0.1～0.2%, premix 0～2%.
5. as the preparation method of the straw biological fermented feed of the described anaerobism of claim 1-2 or double aerobe fermentation preparation: step as described in it is characterized in that (3) mixes according to following raw material and weight proportion thereof: stalk 30～40%, bran 10～20%, grain 20～30%, bio-fermentation agent 0.1～0.2%, premix 0～2%.
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| CN2011102111448A CN102246913B (en) | 2011-07-25 | 2011-07-25 | Biologically fermented straw feed prepared through anaerobic or facultative fermentation |
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| CN102246913B true CN102246913B (en) | 2013-07-17 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103636937A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-03-19 | 南开大学 | Production and application methods for fermented straw feed |
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| CN106306359A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-01-11 | 江西南大硒谷农业科技有限公司 | Method for preparing feed for grass feed animal through straw fermentation |
| CN108991245A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2018-12-14 | 宁波恒麟环保科技有限公司 | Cattle and sheep pig straw feed and its processing method |
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| CN113331309B (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2022-12-13 | 塔里木大学 | Method for preparing feed by treating wild reed straw by chemical method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1063027C (en) * | 1996-04-20 | 2001-03-14 | 武汉食品工业学院 | Preparation method of fodder for single stomach animals made by stalks fermentation |
| CN101061830A (en) * | 2006-04-26 | 2007-10-31 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Method of producing mixed feedstuff of straw and trester by using bio-fermentation method |
| CN101401615A (en) * | 2008-11-13 | 2009-04-08 | 肖军 | Preparation method for preparing stalk protein feedstuff with microorganism stalk leaven |
| CN101779724A (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2010-07-21 | 张哲朋 | Biological cycle process |
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| CN103636937A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-03-19 | 南开大学 | Production and application methods for fermented straw feed |
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Effective date of registration: 20161226 Address after: 200333 Shanghai city Putuo District River Road No. 2109 room 217 Patentee after: Agricultural Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Shanghai Yang Address before: 200040 room B, building, Jiaozhou Road, Shanghai, 699, Jingan District, China Patentee before: Shanghai Munong Biological Technology Co.,Ltd. |
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