CN102234205A - Multifunctional solid state fermentation reactor - Google Patents
Multifunctional solid state fermentation reactor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multifunctional solid state fermentation reactor. The reactor comprises a main tank, an auxiliary system and a control center, wherein a tank cover is fixed at the upper port of the main tank through a flange; a cylinder port is fixed on the top of the tank cover; the upper end face of the cylinder port is provided with four ports; pipelines connected with the four ports are connected with a gas purification module, a pressure meter and a gas analysis module through valves; the tail end of the pipeline of a first port is connected with a four-way pipe; and one port of the four-way pipe is connected with the main tank through a gas pipeline, and the formed gas forms a loop from a fourth port to a fifth port; and the auxiliary system consists of an aseptic inoculation part, a circulating gas part and a foreign gas part. The reactor can realize a closed solid state fermentation process without mixed bacterial pollution or pressure pulsation, can be applied to the process of quickly decomposing solid organic matters, and can monitor various parameters in the fermentation process, and a method for extracting a required fermentation product in the reactor in situ is provided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solid-state fermentation installation, particularly a kind of have a multi-functional solid-state fermentation reactor.
Background technology
Compare with solid state fermentation, liquid fermenting has certain advantage at the controlling party mask of mass transport, fermentation condition, and the suitability for industrialized production of penicillin success almost makes the liquid submerged fermentation technology represent whole fermentation industry.Yet, the nineties in 20th century, energy resource crisis and environmental problem outstanding, solid-state fermentation technology has caused the great interest of people again with its distinctive advantage.The advantage of solid state fermentation mainly contains: 1. simple and wide material sources of substratum mostly are the cheap natural substrates or the waste of industrial and agricultural production; 2. less investment, energy consumption is low; 3. productive rate height, extraction process is simple; 4. there is not the discharging of " three wastes " etc.
Solid state fermentation refers to microorganism growth on the solid medium that does not have or almost do not have free-water, breeding and metabolic process.The required oxygen major part of microorganism growth and metabolism is from gas phase, and also some is present in the water that mixes with solid substrate.So solid state fermentation relates to the gas, liquid, solid three-phase, it is complicated that its mass-and heat-transfer situation becomes than in liquid submerged fermentation.In solid state fermentation, for the design of microorganism reactor except the transmission of oxygen need be considered, also need to consider how to control the temperature of substratum and the water content of solid medium, also need in addition to consider two aspects: the form of thalline and shearing force are to the influence of thalline; How to realize the sterile culture process of solid state fermentation.Following several types appearred in the design to solid-state fermentation reactor: packed bed reactor, fluidized-bed reactor, rotary drum reactor, tray formula reactor, stirred reactor.People study and improve these solid-state fermentation reactors always, but these reactors all do not have fundamentally to solve simultaneously oxygen transmission, heat passage and moisture transmission and growing environment near the natural condition hypothallus are provided, and these solid-state fermentation reactors are realizing all having run into difficulty when sterile culture and industrialization are amplified simultaneously.
The ideal solid-state fermentation reactor should have following feature: the material that (1) is used for building must firm, corrosion-resistantly not have negative effect to the microorganism of fermenting simultaneously; (2) can stop the pollutent in the fermenting process to enter environment; (3) effective parameter such as concentration of oxygen in attemperation, humidity, the gas; (4) provide near natural environment to microorganism growth; (5) keep the homogeneity of fermentation reactor mesostroma bed character; (6) product is collected easily, and fermentor tank cleans easily; (7) realize mechanized operation easily; (8) waste discharge is the least possible in the operation, and energy consumption is low as far as possible.
The method of the pressure pulsation that researcher Mr. Li Zuohu of this institute proposes provides a kind of brand-new thinking for the design of solid-state fermentation reactor.Its principle mainly is based on the statics of fluids theory, is propulsion source with the normal force, emphasizes that bio-reactor is the ecosystem that a non-linear viable cell metabolism and surrounding environment are carried out quality, heat, energy, message exchange.Its solid-state fermentation reactor is horizontal [patent publication No.: CN 1219871C], and internal structure is comparatively complicated, and the inoculation manipulation require carries out outside reactor, also needs a ultra-clean working space for purebred cultivation, has limited its use range.
Along with agricultural and Developing of Animal Industry, produced a large amount of organic wastes such as stalk and feces of livestock and poultry, if be not used, will cause the serious waste of resource and the pollution of environment.Contain a large amount of organic matters and nutrient in crop material and feces of livestock and poultry and other solid-state castoffs, it is estimated to provide nitrogen 470-550 ten thousand tons, ten thousand tons of the plain 280-310 of phosphorus, ten thousand tons of the plain 560-590 of potassium, organic about 600,000,000 tons, also comprise a large amount of trace elements simultaneously.With the processing of effectively becoming thoroughly decomposed of these organic materialss, not only can solve environmental problem, can also provide competent organic fertilizer resource for Agricultural Development.Solid-state organic waste is become thoroughly decomposed as an important means of reclaiming organic waste, obtained the attention of countries in the world, the ratio of solid-state organic castoff compostization rises just year by year.Yet conventional composting process generally includes the thermophilic fermentation stage (14 days), post curing stage (21 days), final maturation stage (21 days), about 8 weeks consuming time.Excessive cycle has limited the recycling of solid-state organic waste, and adopt solid-state fermentation reactor of the present invention to become thoroughly decomposed, the thermophilic fermentation stage can be shortened significantly, whole decomposed period can shorten to for 2 weeks, solid-state fermentation reactor of the present invention can also be used for fields such as food and medicine, significantly improves fermentation efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order thoroughly to solve the microbiological contamination easily in solid ferment process of existing solid-state fermentation reactor, heat transfer and efficiency of oxygen supply are low, and moisture loss is serious, and microorganism growth is inhomogeneous, and product extracts complicated, are difficult to the industry amplification and wait engineering problem; Thereby provide a kind of operation, with functions such as culture medium sterilization, inoculation, cultivation, product separation, all the multifunctional solid fermentation reactor that can in a solid-state fermentation reactor, realize with microorganism solid fermentation.
The objective of the invention is to realize by the following technical solutions:
The structure of multifunctional solid fermentation reactor provided by the invention comprises main jar 1, subsystem and three parts of the CC of control center.
Described main jar 1 is one cylindric, and described cover 8 is fixed on main jar 1 suitable for reading, on the described cylinder interface 10-1 flange 7-2 is arranged, and this cylinder interface 10-1 is fixed on the top mouth of this cover 8 by described flange 7-2; Have first interface, second interface, the 3rd interface and the 4th interface in the upper surface of cylinder interface 10-1; The described first interface 9-1 links to each other with the first magnetic valve 13-1 by pipeline, and the first magnetic valve 13-1 links to each other with gas sweetening module 14 by pipeline, and described first magnetic valve 13-1 and pressure control module 15 are electrically connected; The described second interface 9-2 goes up setting pressure meter 12-1, and described pressure warning unit 12-1 is electrically connected with pressure control module 15, and described pressure control module 15 is electrically connected with the first magnetic valve 13-1; Described the 3rd interface 9-3 links to each other with the first valve 11-1 by pipeline, pipeline and environmental communication behind the first valve 11-1; Described the 4th interface 9-4 links to each other with the second gas analysis module 21-2 by pipeline, pipeline behind the second gas analysis module 21-2 links to each other with speed governing air pump 22, pipeline behind the speed governing air pump 22 links to each other with the first heat exchange module 25-1, the pipeline that comes out from the first heat exchange module 25-1 links to each other with four-way 17, pipeline above the four-way 17 connects the laggard jar 1 of becoming owner of of the 5th interface 9-5, so far, gas constitutes a loop from the 4th interface 9-4 to the five interface 9-5; Can carry out the injection of tunning extracting solution by the 3rd interface 9-3; Described main jar 1 inside is provided with N layer travel(l)ing rest 2 at grade, and N is a positive integer; A pallet 3 can be installed on each layer travel(l)ing rest 2; Described main jar 1 outer wall is by thermal insulation layer 4 parcels, and there is jar frame 5 outside of thermal insulation layer 4, and jar frame 5 supports main jar 1; At the bottom of one jar of the described main jar 1 end opening sealing and fixing 6, one interface cylinder 10-2 connecting interface flange 7-3, by described flange 7-3 with interface cylinder 10-2 sealing and fixing on the end opening at the described jar end 6, have the 5th interface 9-5 and the 6th interface 9-6 on the interface cylinder 10-2 bottom surface, the 6th interface 9-6 links to each other with drain valve 16 by pipeline, and drain valve 16 can be discharged the liquid in main jar 1;
Described subsystem is made up of aseptic inoculation part, gas circulation part and foreign gas body portion;
Described aseptic inoculation part mainly comprises seeding tank 18, and seeding tank 18 is suitable for reading to be connected to a biexhaust pipe 19, and wherein a pipe is long than another pipe, in the biexhaust pipe 19 access seeding tanks 18;
Described gas circulation part is connected to form through pipeline by the 4th interface 9-4, gas analysis module 21-2, speed governing air pump 22, heat exchange module 25-1, four-way 17, the 5th interface 9-5, so far, gas constitutes a loop from the 4th interface 9-4 to the five interface 9-5;
Described external source gas is made up of source of the gas and gas control, wherein the air of source of the gas arrives the second threeway 20-2 via pipeline by air-purifying module 23, oxygen arrives the second threeway 20-2 via pipeline by magnetic valve 13-3, the second threeway 20-2 connects gas-holder 26, the 7th interface 9-7 and two interfaces of the 8th interface 9-8 are arranged at gas-holder 26 tops, the 7th interface 9-7 links to each other with weather gauge 12-2 by pipeline, the 8th interface 9-8 joins by pipeline and the 3rd threeway 20-3, two remaining interfaces of the 3rd threeway 20-3 link to each other by pipeline with magnetic valve 13-4 with humidification module 24 respectively, the 4th magnetic valve 13-4 links to each other with the 4th threeway 20-4 by pipeline, humidification module 24 is connected by pipeline with the 6th valve 11-6, the 6th valve 11-6 is connected with the 4th threeway 20-4 by pipeline, pipeline behind the 4th threeway 20-4 is by the second interchanger 25-2, enter the first gas analysis module 21-1, pipeline links to each other with the 5th valve 11-5 by behind the first gas analysis module 21-1, pipeline behind the 5th valve 11-5 connects the first threeway 20-1, the two-way pipeline of the first threeway 20-1 back links to each other with the second magnetic valve 13-2 with the 4th valve 11-4 respectively, pipeline and environmental communication behind the 4th valve 11-4, pipeline behind the second magnetic valve 13-2 connects four-way 17, enter main jar 1 through the bye-pass behind the four-way 17, so far, extraneous source of the gas enters main jar 1;
The computing work of the CC of control center is finished by Personal Computer or industrial computer, control center be electrically connected pressure control module 15, the first gas analysis module 21-1 and the second gas analysis module 21-2, speed governing air pump 22, the first interchanger 25-1 and the second interchanger 25-2, the 3rd magnetic valve 13-3; Pressure control module 15 be electrically connected pressure warning unit 12-1, the first magnetic valve 13-1 and the second magnetic valve 13-2 close according to the opening still of computing decision magnetic valve of the CC of control center; The first gas analysis module 21-1 measures the correlation parameter of gas, gives the CC of control center electrical signal, and the CC of control center determines the 4th magnetic valve 13-4 to open still pass.
In above-mentioned technical scheme, the described cover 8 and jar end 6 are the cone or the spherical crown of a middle perforate.
In above-mentioned technical scheme, described pallet is one to have the disk of building a wall, and the height that described disk is built a wall is 10-20cm, the bottom opening of disk, and the diameter of described perforate is 0.2-3mm, percentage of open area is 0.1-0.5.
In above-mentioned technical scheme, described pressure control module is one to have the pressure liquid level transmitter in control pressure and period.
In above-mentioned technical scheme, described first gas analysis module and second gas analysis module can be measured a kind of in temperature, humidity, oxygen and the carbonic acid gas at least by having, it is multiple perhaps to measure multiple parameter simultaneously, and all gases parameter of its mensuration can be sent to the probe and the transmitter composition of control center.
In above-mentioned technical scheme, described speed governing air pump be have can the adjustments of gas traffic engineering capability air pump.
In above-mentioned technical scheme, described first interchanger and second interchanger have heating or refrigerating function, the stainless steel gas buffer jar that has coiled pipe of working under heating or refrigerative state according to the requirement of control center.
The application of multifunctional solid fermentation reactor of the present invention in aseptic fermenting process, close the drain valve 16 and the second valve 11-2, solid substances to be fermented is inserted in the pallet 3 of main jar 1, close cover 8, open the 4th valve 11-4, the second valve 11-2, the 3rd valve 11-3, open the second magnetic valve 13-2, close drain valve 16 and the 5th valve 11-5, the first valve 11-1, close the first magnetic valve 13-1,, sterilize to main jar 1 feeding high pressure steam by the 3rd valve 11-3, sterilization finishes, the 4th valve 11-4 is closed, the second magnetic valve 13-2 is closed.Under the situation of aseptic technique, (can realize) with the environment of fire, in seeding tank 18, inject bacteria suspension, in seeding tank 18, be blown into the bottom that sterile air is pressed into bacteria suspension main jar 1 by the 3rd valve 11-3 then, close the second valve 11-2 this moment, start speed governing air pump 22, start the operation that pressure control module 15 realizes pressure pulsations simultaneously, the place that bacterial classification inoculation gas in the fermentor tank can be arrived.Can adopt conventional forced ventilation mode to ferment at the fermentation initial stage, in main jar 1, replenish fresh air once in a while, discharge some fermentation gas, forced ventilation realizes by starting speed governing air pump 22, the intermediate of the heat in the fermented product, water vapour and some volatile meta-bolitess and meta-bolites thereof is analyzed by the second gas analysis module 21-2, if gas temperature needs to adjust, heating or the refrigerating function of the first interchanger 25-1 will be started, according to gaseous constituent, judge the stage that fermentation is carried out, start the pressure pulsation of setting.
Described pressure pulsation is achieved in that starting the pressure control module 15 configure (preestablishes the parameter of pressure control module 15: high pressure α MPa, the high pressure time T, low pressure β MPa, low pressure time t, pulsation total time TT), pressurize, the first magnetic valve 13-1 closes, the second magnetic valve 13-2 opens, and the 5th valve 11-5 opens, and high-pressure air enters in main jar 1 through the 5th valve 11-5, pressure arrives sets high-voltage value α MPa, magnetic valve 13-2 closes, and keeps high pressure, the high pressure of arrive the setting T that holds time, the first magnetic valve 13-1 opens, begin pressure leak process, be reduced to the low voltage value β MPa of setting, keep low pressure, arrive the low voltage sustain time t that sets, repeat pressurization, high pressure is kept, pressure release, four steps of low voltage sustain realize pressure pulsation, up to having experienced time T T.
In the pressure pulsation process, can pass through humidification module 24, the first gas analysis module 21-1, the second interchanger 25-2, the 3rd magnetic valve 13-3 regulate temperature, humidity, the oxygen level of gas.Can judge the degree that fermentation is carried out by the second gas analysis module 21-2 after finishing pressure pulsation time of setting, select to open jar or proceed forced ventilation mode or proceed the pulsation fermentation, finish up to fermentation.
The application of solid-state fermentation reactor of the present invention in non-sterile fermenting process: close the drain valve 16 and the second valve 11-2, solid materials to be fermented is inserted in the pallet 3 of main jar 1, close cone cover 8, open speed governing air pump 22, carry out conventional forced ventilation fermentation, forced ventilation realizes by starting speed governing air pump 22, with the heat in the fermented product, the intermediate of water vapour and some volatile meta-bolitess and meta-bolites thereof is analyzed by the second gas analysis module 21-2, judge the stage that fermentation is carried out, when proceeding to certain stage, fermentation starts the pressure pulsation of setting, with above-mentioned pressure pulsation, can judge the degree that fermentation is carried out by the second gas analysis module 21-2 after finishing pressure pulsation time of setting, selection is opened jar or is proceeded the forced ventilation fermentation or the pulsation fermentation, finishes up to fermentation.
The present invention regulates by gas analysis module 21-1 and the CC of control center control magnetic valve 13-3 and enters concentration of oxygen in the fermentation system, guarantees that microorganism ferments under the suitableeest growth or metabolic oxygen partial pressure.
Multifunctional solid fermentation reactor of the present invention also provides a kind of method of extracting fermented material from the matrix after the fermentation.Open valve 11-1, the 3rd interface 9-3 on main jar 1 injects extracting solution to main jar 1, through after the regular hour, by valve drain valve 16 liquid is emitted, so, can in reactor, realize extraction to tunning through once or multiple extraction.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1, all operations of microbial fermentation comprises and 1. allocates substratum; 2. the sterilization of culture device and substratum; 3. microbe inoculation; 4. solid-state cultivation; 5. product extracts and collects; 6. the post-treating and other steps of fermenting can realize in multifunctional solid fermentation reactor of the present invention.Can also realize the accurate observing and controlling of important parameter during the course such as temperature, humidity, ventilation rate, can also realize simultaneously to main jar, adding suitable chemical substance and nutritive ingredient from seeding tank.
2. multifunctional solid fermentation reactor of the present invention can be realized proper aseptic technique, in order to guarantee the carrying out of aseptic fermenting process, the present invention has changed the operating method that in the past directly adds bacterial classification to fermented substrate, main jar links to each other by pipeline with seeding tank, add liquid spawn to seeding tank, adopt sterile air bacteria suspension to be pressed in the middle of main jar then by the 3rd valve open with certain pressure, start speed governing air pump and pressure control module simultaneously, through behind the certain hour, bacteria suspension is dispersed to culture medium surface and inner, realizes aseptic inoculation.
3, be furnished with speed governing air pump and pressure control module in this multifunctional solid fermentation reactor bypass, the power of speed governing air pump can be regulated, by the value that gas analysis module is measured, give the electric signal of the CC of control center, control center is through after the computing, the power of decision speed governing air pump, can realize ventilating very fully and oxygen supply, by pressure variation fast, help matrix inner transmission matter, heat transfer simultaneously, simultaneously can prevent hardening of fermented substrate, help microorganism to the matrix growth inside; Guarantee in solid ferment process, to keep good heat transfer and mass transfer.
4, gas analysis module of the present invention, humidification module and the interchanger of Li Yonging, can be adjusted in water activity and temperature in the solid state fermentation, can in reactor provided by the invention, realize observing and controlling to operating parameterss such as temperature, humidity, pressure, oxygen concentrations, increase the repeatability of experiment, improve the output and the quality of solid state fermentation; Guarantee that microorganism breeds and metabolism under only natural condition, for example in this fermentor tank, product is a microbial cells, and the breeding of microorganism can reach maximum productivity under optimal conditions; Product is a secondary metabolic product, such as the fermentation of penicillin etc., growth and produce the metabolic condition of product might not be consistent, so in multifunctional solid fermentation reactor of the present invention, just can adjust environmental parameter and make the secondary metabolism of microorganism in optimum regime.
5, owing to adopted the pallet of shallow tubular, increased every layer charge amount under the condition that does not cause the matrix compacting, therefore, the coefficient of solid-state fermentation reactor provided by the invention is higher;
6, multiple microorganism solid fermentation process can realize in multifunctional solid reactor of the present invention;
7, in-situ extraction that can the realization response product significantly reduces the extraction step of reaction product;
7, tank structure of the present invention is simple, and sterilization helps realizing mechanized operation easily, saves cost.
Multifunctional solid fermentation reactor provided by the invention can also be applied to becoming thoroughly decomposed of solid-state organic waste, can significantly accelerate the process of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 multifunctional solid fermentation reactor provided by the present invention
Reference numeral
1 main jar of 2 travel(l)ing rests, 3 pallets, 4 thermal insulation layer
7-1 flange 8 covers at the bottom of 6 jars on 5 jars of framves
9 interface 10-1 cylinder interface 10-2 interface cylinder 11-1, first valve
The 11-2 second valve 11-3 the 3rd valve 11-4 the 4th valve 11-5 the 5th valve
11-6 the 6th valve 12 pressure warning unit 13-1 first magnetic valve 13-2 second magnetic valve
13-3 the 3rd magnetic valve 13-4 the 4th magnetic valve 14 gas sweetenings 15 pressure control modules
16 drain valves, 17 four-ways, 18 seeding tanks, 19 biexhaust pipes
20 threeway 21-1 gas analysis module 21-2, second gas analysis module
22 speed governing air pumps, 23 air-purifying modules, 24 humidification module 25-1, first interchanger
25-2 second interchanger 26 gas-holder
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is done and to explain
Embodiment 1:
With reference to Fig. 1, make a multifunctional solid fermentation reactor of the present invention.The pressure control module of using in the present embodiment 15 is pressure liquid level transmitters (seashore sensing technology center, the Kunlun, output 4-20mA standard signal) of buying on the market, and data are transported to control center.The first gas analysis module 21-1 and the second gas analysis module 21-2 form by intelligent oxygen probe and gas transmitter (Tyke instrument company limited is contained in Shanghai), common humiture probe and transmitter, eSENSE-K type CO2 probe and transmitter, this is that those skilled in the art can realize that the data that collected are sent into control center.Speed governing air pump 22 is an XGB18-130B type air pump.The first interchanger 25-1 and the second interchanger 25-2 are a stainless steel gas buffer jar that has a coiled pipe, and gas is walked outside the coiled pipe, and thermal barrier is walked in the coiled pipe.Humidification module 24 is the stainless steel water tank, and gas disperses in liquid bottom, emerges from top.
Main jar 1 of present embodiment is one cylindric (φ 900 * high by 500), and its upper port of main jar 1 is fixed thereon with a cover 8 (φ 500 * high by 120) by flange 7-1.Cover 8 is the same with jar ends 6 size shape, they can be cone shape or a spherical crown; The vertex of a cone of cover 8 is provided with a cylinder interface 10-1, and a flange 7-2 is arranged on the cylinder interface 10-1, by flange 7-2 cylinder interface 10-1 is installed on the vertex of a cone of cover 8.Have the first interface 9-1, the second interface 9-2, the 3rd interface 9-3, the 4th interface 9-4 in the upper surface of cylinder interface 10-1.The first interface 9-1 links to each other with the first magnetic valve 13-1 by pipeline, and the first magnetic valve 13-1 links to each other with gas sweetening module 14 by pipeline; The second interface 9-2 goes up setting pressure meter 12-1, this pressure warning unit 12-1 and pressure control module 15 be electrically connected, this pressure control module 15 is electrically connected with the first magnetic valve 13-1, manometric herein signal is to pressure control module 15, pressure control module 15 is with reference to artificial set(ting)value, the working order of decision magnetic valve 13-1 and 13-2 is to realize the automatic control of pressure; Pressure control module 15 has can set top pressure, top pressure time, minimal pressure, the function of minimal pressure time.The measuring of the pressure of present embodiment is the pressure liquid level transmitter, the result who measures directly is presented on the industrial computer, and concrete working process is: on industrial computer, similar with the window-operating liquid level of computer, be exactly two hurdles so, parameter-pressure and time are pressed in a hurdle raising; Low pressure parameter-pressure and time are filled out in one hurdle, set high pressure α MPa, the high pressure time T, low pressure β MPa, low pressure time t, the function of this pressure liquid level transmitter is just measured, and when air inlet is opened the second magnetic valve 13-2 and arrived the high pressure α MPa that sets, closes the second magnetic valve 13-2, T holds time, open the magnetic valve first magnetic valve 13-1 then, venting arrives low pressure β MPa, close the first magnetic valve 13-1, the t that holds time opens the second magnetic valve 13-2 air inlet, reaches the setting high pressure ... circulation is gone down.
The 3rd interface 9-3 links to each other with the first valve 11-1 by pipeline, pipeline and environmental communication behind the first valve 11-1; The 4th interface 9-4 links to each other with the second gas analysis module 21-2, speed governing air pump 22 and the first interchanger 25-1 by the pipeline order, the pipeline that comes out from the first interchanger 25-1 links to each other with four-way 17, and the pipeline above the four-way 17 connects the laggard jar 1 of becoming owner of of the 5th interface 9-5.Main jar 1 inner chamber is provided with N group travel(l)ing rest 2, and N is a positive integer, can be according to main jar inner chamber size decision, for example 2,3,4 groups all can, four groups of travel(l)ing rest 2 places that main jar 1 inner chamber is provided with are at grade.On each group travel(l)ing rest 2, a pallet 3 is installed, pallet is a shallow tube (similar culture dish), be one and have the disk of building a wall, the height that described disk is built a wall is 20cm * diameter 80cm, bottom opening, the diameter in its hole can be 0.2-3mm, and percentage of open area is 0.1-0.5, can decide according to the requirement of reactor for treatment solid material; The diameter in present embodiment hole is 3mm, and percentage of open area is 0.5.Main jar 1 outer wall is by thermal insulation layer 4 (water-bath that can heat) parcel, and the outside of thermal insulation layer 4 is equipped with jar frame 5, and jar frame 5 supports main jar 1.Main jar 1 the end is a jar end 6, and this conical bottom 6 is connected with main jar 1 by the 3rd flange 7-3; Conical bottom 6 end opening mounting interface cylinder 10-2, interface cylinder 10-2 connecting interface flange 7-3, interface cylinder 10-2 bottom is respectively equipped with the 5th interface 9-5, two interfaces of the 6th interface 9-6, and the 6th interface 9-6 links to each other with drain valve 16 by pipeline, and drain valve 16 is used to discharge the liquid in main jar 1.
Main jar 1 mode of connection with jar end 6 has two kinds, and a kind of main jar 1 end mouth is connected and fixed with a jar end 6 by flange 7-4 and is integral; Another kind of mode: because a jar end is installing, just need not open, dimension can be fixed on main jar 1 end mouth with the method for welding, does not also influence its function again.
Subsystem is made up of aseptic inoculation part, gas circulation part and foreign gas body portion three parts.Wherein, the aseptic inoculation part is mainly by a stainless steel system seeding tank 18, seeding tank 18 is connected to a stainless biexhaust pipe 19, pipe 12cm wherein, the long 29cm of another pipe, be communicated with the pipe that the 3rd valve 11-3 is installed on the long pipe, two pipes of comb 19 all are linked in the seeding tank 18 to be formed.Wherein, a long bottom in the biexhaust pipe 19 near seeding tank, short one has just entered in the seeding tank, like this in sterilization, sprays into steam by short one; In inoculation, by short one is blown into sterile air, because there is liquid the seeding tank the inside, applies a pressure on liquid level bacterium hydraulic pressure is come out to arrive fermentor tank.Pipeline and the pipe coupling of second interface of four-way 17 by having the second valve 11-2.
Gas circulation constitutes a loop by the 4th interface 9-4, the second gas analysis module 21-2, speed governing air pump 22, the first interchanger 25-1 and four-way 17 by pipeline.External source gas is made up of source of the gas and gas control two portions, wherein the air of source of the gas arrives the second threeway 20-2 via pipeline by air-purifying module 23, oxygen arrives the second threeway 20-2 via pipeline by the 3rd magnetic valve 13-3, the second threeway 20-2 connects gas-holder 26, the 7th interface 9-7 is arranged at gas-holder 26 tops, two interfaces of the 8th interface 9-8, the 7th interface 9-7 connects the second weather gauge 12-2, the 8th interface 9-8 joins by pipeline and the 3rd threeway 20-3, two other interface of the 3rd threeway 20-3 links to each other by pipeline with the 4th magnetic valve 13-4 with humidification module 24 respectively, the 4th magnetic valve 13-4 links to each other with the 4th threeway 20-4 by pipeline, humidification module 24 is connected by pipeline with the 6th valve 11-6, the 6th valve 11-6 is connected with the 4th threeway 20-4 by pipeline, pipeline on the 4th threeway 20-4 is by the second interchanger 25-2, the pipeline that comes out from second interchanger enters the first gas analysis module 21-1 again, pipeline links to each other with the 5th valve 11-5 by behind the first gas analysis module 21-1, pipeline on the 5th valve 11-5 connects the first threeway 20-1, other two-way pipeline on the first threeway 20-1 links to each other with the second magnetic valve 13-2 with the 4th valve 11-4 respectively, pipeline and environmental communication on the 4th valve 11-4, pipeline on the second magnetic valve 13-2 connects four-way 17, enter main jar 1 through the bye-pass behind the four-way 17, so far, extraneous source of the gas enters main jar 1.
The computing work of the CC of control center is finished by industrial computer, control center be electrically connected pressure control module 15, the first gas analysis module 21-1, the second gas analysis module 21-2, speed governing air pump 22, the first interchanger 25-1, the second interchanger 25-2 and the 3rd magnetic valve 13-3.Pressure control module 15 be electrically connected pressure warning unit 12-1, the first magnetic valve 13-1 and the second magnetic valve 13-2 close according to the opening still of computing decision magnetic valve of the CC of control center; The first gas analysis module 21-1 measures gas standard, give the CC of control center electrical signal, the CC of control center regulates speed governing air pump 22, the first interchanger 25-1, the first interchanger 25-2, the 3rd magnetic valve 13-3 and the 4th magnetic valve 13-4,, this is that those skilled in the art can be implemented.
Described pressure pulsation is achieved in that starting the pressure control module 15 configure (preestablishes the parameter of pressure control module 15: high pressure α MPa, the high pressure time T, low pressure β MPa, low pressure time t, pulsation total time TT), pressurize, the first magnetic valve 13-1 closes, the second magnetic valve 13-2 opens, and the 5th valve 11-5 opens, and high-pressure air enters in main jar 1 through the 5th valve 11-5, pressure arrives sets high-voltage value α MPa, magnetic valve 13-2 closes, and keeps high pressure, the high pressure of arrive the setting T that holds time, the first magnetic valve 13-1 opens, begin pressure leak process, be reduced to the low voltage value β MPa of setting, keep low pressure, arrive the low voltage sustain time t that sets, repeat pressurization, high pressure is kept, pressure release, four steps of low voltage sustain realize pressure pulsation, up to having experienced time T T.
In the pressure pulsation process, can pass through humidification module 24, the first gas analysis module 21-1, the second interchanger 25-2, the 3rd magnetic valve 13-3 regulate temperature, humidity, the oxygen level of gas.Can judge the degree that fermentation is carried out by the second gas analysis module 21-2 after finishing pressure pulsation time of setting, select to open jar or proceed forced ventilation mode or proceed the pulsation fermentation, finish up to fermentation.
The reactor of concrete application present embodiment, carry out the technological process of aseptic inoculation fermentation operation: deployed solid state fermentation matrix is put into pallet 3, then pallet 3 is successively put on the travel(l)ing rest 2 of main fermentation tank 1, build cover 8, close the first valve 11-5, open the first valve 11-1, the second valve 11-2, the 3rd valve 11-3 and the 4th valve 11-4, open drain valve 16, open the first magnetic valve 13-1 and the second magnetic valve 13-2, charging into high-pressure steam from the upstream of the 3rd valve 11-3 sterilizes, progressively close the first valve 11-1, the 4th valve 11-4, close drain valve 16, close the first magnetic valve 13-1, the second magnetic valve 13-2, after the pressure registration for the treatment of pressure warning unit 12-1 reaches 0.1MPa, held time 30 minutes, then, close the second valve 11-2, the 3rd valve 11-3, remove high pressure steam, start the speed governing air pump 22 and the first interchanger 25-1, treat pressure in main jar 1 reduce to reduce to room temperature near the temperature of normal pressure and seeding tank 18 after, close interchanger 25-1, in seeding tank 18, inject bacteria suspension, feed sterile air from the 3rd valve 11-3, bacteria suspension in the seeding tank 18 is pressed into the bottom of main jar 1, close the second valve 11-2 and start speed governing air pump 22 and pressure control module 15, through 20min, bacterial classification will be inoculated into fermented substrate surface and inner by pulsed gas; Close pressure control module 15 then, carry out conventional forced ventilation fermentation by 22 pairs of solid substancess of speed governing air pump, detect the temperature and the carbonic acid gas of recycle gas by gas analysis module 21-2, moisture and concentration of oxygen, require to open pressure control module 15 according to fermentation, the fermentation that solid state substrate is carried out pressure pulsation and forced ventilation and deposited, in the pressure pulsation process, according to different fermentation stages, set the parameter of different gasometry, the data transmission of gas analysis module 21-1 is to the CC of control center, after the CC of control center computing, determine the working order of the 4th magnetic valve 13-4 and interchanger 25-2 by the CC of control center by the output of corresponding electrical signal, can determine fermentation termination by gas analysis module 21-2.
The reactor of concrete application present embodiment, the high-rate composting process that need not aseptic technique is as follows: deployed composting material is put into pallet 3, then pallet 3 is put into successively on the travel(l)ing rest 2 of main jar 1, build cover 8.Carry out conventional forced ventilation fermentation by 22 pairs of solid substancess of speed governing air pump, temperature and carbonic acid gas by gas analysis module 21-2 monitoring recycle gas, moisture and concentration of oxygen, compost proceeds to certain degree, open pressure control module 15, the fermentation that fermentation materials is carried out pressure pulsation and forced ventilation and deposited, in the pressure pulsation process, according to different fermentation stages, set the parameter of corresponding gasometry, data transmission by gas analysis module 21-1 arrives the CC of control center, after the CC of control center computing, determine the working order of the 4th magnetic valve 13-4 and interchanger 25-2 by the CC of control center by the output of corresponding electrical signal, can determine fermentation termination by gas analysis module 21-2.
The reactor of concrete application present embodiment carries out product and extracts: opens cover 8 as the solid state substrate after the fermentation as product, the substrate after the fermentation is taken out, be leavened prod; Product needed is extracted from solid state substrate by valve 11-1 and inject corresponding extracting solution in main jar 1, can collect the extracting solution that contains leavened prod from the drain valve 16 of bottom, promptly can finish product and extract, and extracting solution is sent to the corresponding subsequent processing district.
Claims (7)
1. a multifunctional solid fermentation reactor comprises main jar (1), subsystem and control center (CC); It is characterized in that:
Described main jar (1) passes through flange (7-1) with cover (8), sealing and fixing by a cylinder with in this main jar (1) upper port; The top seal of described cover (8) is fixed a cylinder interface (10-1), the bottom of described cylinder interface (10-1) has a flange (7-2), has first interface, second interface, the 3rd interface, the 4th interface on the upper surface of cylinder interface (10-1); The end mouth of described main jar (1) was formed by connecting with a jar end (6);
Described first interface (9-1) links to each other with gas cleaning module (14) with first magnetic valve (13-1) by pipeline; Described first magnetic valve (13-1) and pressure control module (15) are electrically connected;
Described second interface (9-2) is gone up setting pressure meter (12-1), and described pressure warning unit (12-1) is electrically connected with pressure control module (15), and described pressure control module (15) is electrically connected with first magnetic valve (13-1);
Described the 3rd interface (9-3) links to each other with valve (11-1) by pipeline, pipeline and environmental communication behind described first valve (11-1);
Described the 4th interface (9-4) links to each other with gas analysis module (21-2), speed governing air pump (22) and heat exchange module (25-1) by pipeline, the terminal four-way (17) that connects of described pipeline, described four-way (17) first interfaces enter main jar (1) by the 5th interface (9-5) that gas pipeline is connected main jar (1) bottom, form the loop of gas from the 4th interface (9-4) to the 5th interface (9-5);
In the inner chamber of described main jar (1) N layer travel(l)ing rest (2) at grade is set, a pallet (3) is installed on each layer travel(l)ing rest (2), wherein, N is a positive integer;
The outer wall of described main jar (1) is by thermal insulation layer (4) parcel, and the outside of described thermal insulation layer (4) or bottom are provided with the jar frame (5) that supports main jar (1);
The end mouth at the described jar end (6) the interface cylinder (10-2) that is tightly connected is respectively equipped with the 5th interface (9-5) and the 6th interface (9-6), first interface of described the 5th interface connection four-way (17) on the bottom surface of described interface cylinder (10-2); Described the 6th interface (9-6) links to each other with drain valve (16) by pipeline, and drain valve (16) is used to discharge the liquid in main jar (1);
Described subsystem is made up of aseptic inoculation part, gas circulation part and foreign gas body portion;
Wherein, described aseptic inoculation part is by seeding tank (18), with access one group of biexhaust pipe (19) in this seeding tank (18) is suitable for reading, wherein a pipe is longer than another pipe, be communicated with the pipe that the 3rd valve (11-3) is installed on the pipe of this weak point, pipeline and the described pipe coupling of second interface of described four-way (17) by having second valve (11-2), biexhaust pipe (19) insert in the seeding tank (18) to be formed;
Described gas circulation part is connected to form through pipeline by the 4th interface (9-4), gas analysis module (21-2), speed governing air pump (22), heat exchange module (25-1), four-way (17), the 5th interface (9-5), so far, gas constitutes a loop from the 4th interface (9-4) to the 5th interface (9-5);
Described foreign gas body portion is made up of source of the gas and gas control, wherein, the air of source of the gas arrives threeway (20-2) via pipeline by air-purifying module (23), oxygen arrives threeway (20-2) via pipeline by the 3rd magnetic valve (13-3), described threeway (20-2) connects a gas-holder (26), the 7th interface (9-7) and two interfaces of the 8th interface (9-8) are arranged at described gas-holder (26) top, and described the 7th interface (9-7) connects a weather gauge (12-2) by pipeline; Described the 8th interface (9-8) joins by pipeline and the 3rd threeway (20-3), two interfaces of described the 3rd threeway (20-3) link to each other by pipeline with the 4th magnetic valve (13-4) with a humidification module (24) respectively, the 4th magnetic valve (13-4) links to each other with the 4th threeway (20-4) by pipeline, described humidification module (24) is connected by pipeline with the 6th valve (11-6), described the 6th valve (11-6) is connected with the 4th threeway (20-4) by pipeline, pipeline in described the 4th threeway (20-4) is connected with second interchanger (25-2), the pipeline that comes out from interchanger enters first gas analysis module (21-1) again, pipeline links to each other with the 5th valve (11-5) by first gas analysis module (21-1), pipeline on described the 5th valve (11-5) connects first threeway (20-1), two-way pipeline in described first threeway (20-1) links to each other with second magnetic valve (13-2) with described the 4th valve (11-4) respectively, the pipeline and the environmental communication of the 4th valve (11-4), the pipeline of second magnetic valve (13-2) connects four-way (17), so far, extraneous source of the gas enters main jar (1) by pipeline;
The computing work of described control center (CC) is finished by Personal Computer or industrial computer, and be electrically connected pressure control module (15), first gas analysis module (21-1), second gas analysis module (21-2), speed governing air pump (22), first interchanger (25-1), second interchanger (25-2) and the 3rd magnetic valve (13-3) of control center (CC) formed; Described pressure control module (15) is electrically connected with pressure warning unit (12-1), first magnetic valve (13-1) and second magnetic valve (13-2), determines the state of magnetic valve according to the computing of this control center (CC); Described gas analysis module (21-1) will be measured gas standard and give control center (CC) electrical signal, and control center (CC) determines the state of the 4th magnetic valve (13-4) and the 3rd magnetic valve (13-3).
2. by the described multifunctional solid fermentation reactor of claim 1, it is characterized in that a described cover (8) and a jar end (6) are the cone or the spherical crown of a middle perforate.
3. by the described multifunctional solid fermentation reactor of claim 1, it is characterized in that described pallet is one to have the disk of building a wall, the height that described disk is built a wall is 10-20cm, the bottom opening of disk, the diameter of described perforate are 0.2-3mm, and percentage of open area is 0.1-0.5.
4. by the described multifunctional solid fermentation reactor of claim 1, it is characterized in that described pressure control module (15) has the pressure liquid level transmitter in control pressure and period.
5. by the described multifunctional solid fermentation reactor of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first gas analysis module (21-1) and second gas analysis module (21-2) be by having one or more parameters that can measure at least in temperature, humidity, oxygen and the carbonic acid gas, and the probe and the transmitter that all gases parameter of its mensuration can be sent to control center are formed.
6. by the described multifunctional solid fermentation reactor of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described speed governing air pump (22) for have can the adjustments of gas traffic engineering capability air pump.
7. by the described multifunctional solid fermentation reactor of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first interchanger (25-1) and second interchanger (25-2) have heating or refrigerating function, the stainless steel gas buffer jar that has coiled pipe of working under heating or refrigerative state according to the requirement of control center.
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| CN2010101598620A CN102234205B (en) | 2010-04-23 | 2010-04-23 | Multifunctional solid state fermentation reactor |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102584374A (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2012-07-18 | 侯澄友 | Automatic control system for fermentation tank for preparing biological organic fertilizer |
| CN103952289A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-07-30 | 河南农业大学 | Atomization bioreactor based on synthesis gas fermented ethanol or butanol |
| CN111233524A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-05 | 兰州交通大学 | Earthworm compost and solar drying integrated workshop |
| CN114262242A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-04-01 | 陈立芬 | Bio-organic fertilizer is with preparation fermenting installation |
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| CN1305524A (en) * | 1998-04-30 | 2001-07-25 | 普洛菲塔生化植物保护有限公司 | Solid-state fermenter and process for solid-state fermentaion |
| CN1519308A (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2004-08-11 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Multifunctional reactor for solid state fermentation |
| CN1780904A (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2006-05-31 | 普洛菲塔生化植物保护有限公司 | Solid-state fermenter |
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2010
- 2010-04-23 CN CN2010101598620A patent/CN102234205B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1305524A (en) * | 1998-04-30 | 2001-07-25 | 普洛菲塔生化植物保护有限公司 | Solid-state fermenter and process for solid-state fermentaion |
| CN1519308A (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2004-08-11 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Multifunctional reactor for solid state fermentation |
| CN1780904A (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2006-05-31 | 普洛菲塔生化植物保护有限公司 | Solid-state fermenter |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102584374A (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2012-07-18 | 侯澄友 | Automatic control system for fermentation tank for preparing biological organic fertilizer |
| CN103952289A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-07-30 | 河南农业大学 | Atomization bioreactor based on synthesis gas fermented ethanol or butanol |
| CN103952289B (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2015-11-04 | 河南农业大学 | A kind of atomization bio-reactor based on synthetic gas fermenting alcohol or butanols |
| CN111233524A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-05 | 兰州交通大学 | Earthworm compost and solar drying integrated workshop |
| CN111233524B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-09-24 | 兰州交通大学 | Earthworm compost and solar drying integrated workshop |
| CN114262242A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-04-01 | 陈立芬 | Bio-organic fertilizer is with preparation fermenting installation |
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| CN102234205B (en) | 2013-06-05 |
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