CN102230974B - Three-dimensional high-precision bin fractionation processing and evaluation technology for seismic data - Google Patents
Three-dimensional high-precision bin fractionation processing and evaluation technology for seismic data Download PDFInfo
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- CN102230974B CN102230974B CN2011100871992A CN201110087199A CN102230974B CN 102230974 B CN102230974 B CN 102230974B CN 2011100871992 A CN2011100871992 A CN 2011100871992A CN 201110087199 A CN201110087199 A CN 201110087199A CN 102230974 B CN102230974 B CN 102230974B
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Abstract
The invention provides a three-dimensional high-precision bin fractionation processing and evaluation technology for seismic data, and the method comprises the following steps: analyzing original data, and carrying out trace header modification, grid definition and linear normal moveout correction on data acquired by an observation system, thus acquiring a prestack multi-domain composite denoised image; based on the relationship between bin fractionation and the signal-to-noise ratio as well as the relationship between bin fractionation and the multiplicity during forward modeling, comprehensively compensating for the vibration amplitude, thus acquiring a tomographic inversion refracted wave static correction image; analyzing the quantitative relationship between bin fractionation and the longitudinal resolution and lateral resolution, carrying out prestack shot-domain optimized deconvolution, and carrying out azimuth restrained bin fractionation and speed optimized analysis, thus acquiring a progressive frequency-divided residual correction image; and carrying out multiple three-dimensional prestack migrations, and establishing a three-dimensional prestack migration speed model, thus acquiring a prestack migration image. Thus, the method provided by the invention provides a reliable guarantee for improving the exploration development precision and upgrading a seismic exploration technology.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of seismic data disposal route, especially a kind of high-precision three-dimensional Seismic Data Processing Technique, to high precision exploration, the high density exploration that carry out at present in the oil field, significant.
Background technology
The high precision data has the advantages that track pitch is little, the SI is little, bin is little.Under the condition of segmentation bin; How to choose suitable disposal route and processing parameter; Improve quality of data processing; Particularly combine the actual data of land extensive high precision to handle targetedly, this respect business software does not have special-purpose processing module and technology, and theoretical research and practical application all rarely have report both at home and abroad.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of three-dimensional high-precision seismic data bin Subdividing Processing and evaluation method.On to the basis of gathering feature of data, geologic objective research requirement and old data problems analysis; According to the reservoir distribution characteristics of high density segmentation bin, small complex faulted block reservoirs, work out the concrete grammar of bin segmentation, the quantitative relationship of bin segmentation and resolution, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio); Bin segmentation and velocity error are to the influence of data quality; Form the theoretical method and the supporting technology of best bin Subdividing Processing, science, reasonably design the flow process of segmentation bin Data Processing, obtain high-quality segmentation bin seismic data and handle data; For improving exploratory development precision, upgrading seismic exploration technique, reliable guarantee is provided.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopted is: three-dimensional high-precision seismic data bin Subdividing Processing and evaluation method is characterized in that step does.
1) through carrying out trace header modification, mesh definition and linear NMO correction, obtains the compound denoising figure of prestack multiple domain to the analysis of source book and to the data that recording geometry obtains.
2) pass through based on the bin segmentation of forward simulation and the relation of signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), bin segmentation and degree of covering, and to the amplitude comprehensive compensation, and then get tomographic inversion refractive wave static correction figure.
3) pass through bin segmentation and longitudinal frame and the analysis of lateral resolution quantitative relationship, and deconvolution is optimized in prestack big gun territory, through bin segmentation and speed-optimization analysis, get frequency division residual static correction figure step by step again azimutal confinement.
4) through repeatedly three-dimensional prestack skew, set up three-dimensional prestack migration velocity model, get the migration before stack imaging.
Present technique is to utilize the seismic data segmentation bin of JAVA language development to handle and the evaluation application software, needs corresponding Java Virtual Machine JVM, is cross-platform environment, with operating system independent; Comprise bin segmentation and recording geometry analysis module, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) quantitative Analysis module, frequency spectrum interaction analysis module and lateral resolution estimation block.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: through the bin divided method under the research azimutal confinement; Quantitative test the relation between bin segmentation and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), resolution, velocity spectrum; Drawing 1., degree of covering increases; Signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is
basically to be increased, but growth rate becomes slow with the degree of covering increase; 2. segment the data after bin squints, should not come calculating resolution with the Fresnel zone radius, and the computing method of considered migration aperture; 3. will make the convergence of velocity spectrum energy group, degree of covering is greater than 60 times at least, and study area destination layer velocity error scope is approximately the conclusion of 30m/s.This technology is combined closely and is produced reality, the data after the segmentation bin is handled, destination layer effective band broadening 47%; Quality improves greatly; Further improved the surveying accuracy of complex fault block, realized the transformation of the meticulous exploration of earthquake, obtained significant development effectiveness to the oil gas three-dimensional development.Bin segmentation and recording geometry analysis module, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) quantitative Analysis module, frequency spectrum interaction analysis module and lateral resolution estimation block have very big promotional value to bin Subdividing Processing from now on.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a processing flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the different bins of real data of the present invention position angle, geophone offset distribution plan.Among the figure: (a) be 5m * 5m; (b) be 10m * 10m; (c) be 15m * 15m; (d) be 20m * 20m; (e) be 25m * 25m.
Fig. 3 is bin segmentation of the present invention and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) graph of a relation.Among the figure: (a) be the graph of a relation of different degree of covering of identical bin and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio); (b) be the graph of a relation of different degree of covering of different bins and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio); (c) be the graph of a relation of identical degree of covering of different bins and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio); (d) be the matched curve of signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio).
Fig. 4 is bin segmentation of the present invention and longitudinal frame graph of a relation.Among the figure: (a) be the change of frequency trend of the different degree of covering of identical bin; (b) be the change of frequency trend of the different degree of covering of different bins; (c) be the change of frequency trend of the identical degree of covering of different bins.
Fig. 5 is maximum no alias frequency of real data of the present invention and acquisition binning magnitude relationship figure.Among the figure: be that different offset distance main profile direction pore sizes compare (a); Main profile and horizontal in-line migration aperture are relatively when (b) being 2050m for offset distance.
Fig. 6 sees the lateral resolution graph of a relation in the technology of the present invention from migration aperture.
Fig. 7 analyzes the change, resolution curve map for the present invention's technology medium velocity.
Fig. 8 arranges sheet rose diagram exploded view in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 is signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) quantitative Analysis modules exhibit figure in the embodiment of the invention.
Figure 10 is embodiment of the invention intermediate frequency spectrum interaction analysis modules exhibit figure.
Figure 11 is a lateral resolution estimation block exploded view in the embodiment of the invention.
Figure 12 is the real data lateral resolution comparison diagram of different bin sizes in the embodiment of the invention.Among the figure: (a) being 25 * 25 bins, (b) is 10 * 10 bins.
Figure 13 is the structural map and the seismic section comparison diagram of the different bins of same block in the embodiment of the invention.Among the figure: (a) be the structural map (25 * 25 bin) of certain wellblock interval; (b) be the structural map (10 * 10 bin) of certain wellblock interval; (c) being the seismic cross-section (25 * 25 bin) of this interval, (d) is the seismic cross-section (10 * 10 bin) of this interval.
Figure 14 is the structural map comparison diagram of the different bins of same block in the embodiment of the invention.Among the figure: (a) be the structural map (25 * 25 bin) of certain wellblock interval; (b) structural map of certain wellblock interval (10 * 10 bin).
Embodiment
Shown in Fig. 1-7: three-dimensional high-precision seismic data bin Subdividing Processing and evaluation method, step does.
1) through carrying out trace header modification, mesh definition and linear NMO correction, obtains the compound denoising figure of prestack multiple domain to the analysis of source book and to the data that recording geometry obtains.
2) pass through based on the bin segmentation of forward simulation and the relation of signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), bin segmentation and degree of covering, and to the amplitude comprehensive compensation, and then get tomographic inversion refractive wave static correction figure.
3) pass through bin segmentation and longitudinal frame and the analysis of lateral resolution quantitative relationship, and deconvolution is optimized in prestack big gun territory, through bin segmentation and speed-optimization analysis, get frequency division residual static correction figure step by step again azimutal confinement.
4) through repeatedly three-dimensional prestack skew, set up three-dimensional prestack migration velocity model, get the migration before stack imaging.
Present technique be utilized the independent research of JAVA language seismic data segmentation bin handle and estimate application software; This software is cross-platform completely environment; With operating system independent; Under the Windows/Linux/Unix system, all can move, only need corresponding Java Virtual Machine JVM (JavaVirtualMachine).
This software comprises bin segmentation and recording geometry analysis module, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) quantitative Analysis module, frequency spectrum interaction analysis module and lateral resolution estimation block, and bin Subdividing Processing is from now on had very big promotional value.Collection offset distance, the position angle rose diagram that can accurately, intuitively show work area arrangement sheet can carry out the bin segmentation by offset distance, position angle, degree of covering etc.; Can accurately calculate the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of selecting in the timing window, be used to segment the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) evaluation that bin is handled; Can accurately calculate the frequency spectrum that selects in the timing window, calculating for bin segmentation resolution provides parameter; Can accurately calculate the lateral resolution of a certain zone of interest, be used to segment the resolution evaluation of bin and other data.Shown in Fig. 8-14.
(1) bin segmentation and recording geometry analysis module: can accurately, intuitively show collection offset distance, the position angle rose diagram of work area arrangement sheet, can carry out the bin segmentation by offset distance, position angle, degree of covering etc.
(2) signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) quantitative Analysis module: can accurately calculate the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of selecting in the timing window, be used to segment the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) evaluation that bin is handled.
(3) frequency spectrum interaction analysis module: can accurately calculate the frequency spectrum that selects in the timing window, calculating for bin segmentation resolution provides parameter.
(4) lateral resolution estimation block: can accurately calculate the lateral resolution of a certain zone of interest, be used to segment the resolution evaluation of bin and other data.
Geological effect is analyzed: lateral resolution is relevant with the bin size, and the ability of the more little resolution geologic body of bin is strong more, but also will consider the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) problem by the degree of covering influence, and segmentation bin lateral excursion playback precision improves.Shown in figure 12.
From constructing looks near major fault is found out in the structural map contrast of the different bins of Figure 13 bigger variation has taken place, it is meticulousr, accurate that fault block becomes.
Figure 14 (a) utilizes 25 * 25 bin to explain 31 tomographies, (b) utilizes 10 * 10 bins to explain 47 tomographies, can find out utilize bin segmentation and assessment technique to three, the level Four fault interpretation meticulousr.
2008-2009 uses Yongxin's high-precision three-dimensional bin segmentation migration imaging data and makes an explanation, to the complex fault block in this district, structural deposit is goed deep into development research a little.The whole district has explained T altogether
2, T
4And ES2
9Three-layer structure figure becomes the area of pictural surface to reach 426km
2Newly-increased favourable fault block adds up to 54, and newly-increased fault block trap area is 0.668km
213 mouthfuls of well locations have been disposed, 12 mouthfuls of wells of finishing drilling, newly-increased reserves 172 * 10
4T provides strong support for producing in the increasing the storage in oil field, and its economic benefit and social benefit are huge.
Claims (2)
1. three-dimensional high-precision seismic data bin Subdividing Processing and evaluation method is characterized in that step is:
1) through carrying out trace header modification, mesh definition and linear NMO correction, obtains the compound denoising figure of prestack multiple domain to the analysis of source book and to the data that recording geometry obtains;
2) pass through based on the bin segmentation of forward simulation and the relation of signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), bin segmentation and degree of covering, and to the amplitude comprehensive compensation, and then get tomographic inversion refractive wave static correction figure;
3) pass through bin segmentation and longitudinal frame and the analysis of lateral resolution quantitative relationship, and deconvolution is optimized in prestack big gun territory, through bin segmentation and speed-optimization analysis, get frequency division residual static correction figure step by step again azimutal confinement;
4) through repeatedly three-dimensional prestack skew, set up three-dimensional prestack migration velocity model, get the migration before stack imaging.
2. three-dimensional high-precision seismic data bin Subdividing Processing according to claim 1 and evaluation method; It is characterized in that it being to utilize the seismic data segmentation bin of JAVA language development to handle and the evaluation application software; Need corresponding Java Virtual Machine JVM; Be cross-platform environment, with operating system independent; Comprise bin segmentation and recording geometry analysis module, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) quantitative Analysis module, frequency spectrum interaction analysis module and lateral resolution estimation block.
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| CN105137479B (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2018-01-02 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | A kind of computational methods and device of bin degree of covering |
| CN106569273B (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2018-11-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Mend the regularization data processing method and device of Dow process recently based on position |
| CN106569276A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2017-04-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Tomographic static correction fusion method and system for earthquake data |
| US10852450B2 (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2020-12-01 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Refraction-based surface-consistent amplitude compensation and deconvolution |
| CN107194079B (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2020-12-15 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | Pixel subdivision load transfer method and system |
| CN113835123B (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2024-02-09 | 中国石油化工集团有限公司 | Seismic acquisition parameter analysis method based on geological target pre-stack migration imaging |
| CN111897008B (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-03-01 | 西南石油大学 | Fracture grading prediction method based on seismic frequency division technology |
| CN113126158B (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2022-06-07 | 北京众合华创生物环保科技有限公司 | Ultrahigh-density three-dimensional seismic acquisition method for full wave field |
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| CN101598807B (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2011-05-25 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Method for determining attribute difference of different binning in seismological observation system design |
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