CN102228093B - Maize germ oil production process with six fresh-keeping steps - Google Patents
Maize germ oil production process with six fresh-keeping steps Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil processing and in particular relates to a maize germ oil production process with six fresh-keeping steps. The production process comprises the following steps: raw material fresh-keeping, screening fresh-keeping, squeezing fresh-keeping, refining fresh-keeping, nitrogen charging fresh-keeping and closed fresh-keeping. The production process has the following beneficial effects: the steps from selection of the maize raw material to package of the finished oil penetrate through the whole preparation process of the maize germ oil and the freshness of the maize germ oil is ensured while the impurities and harmful substances in the maize germ oil are farthest removed, thus keeping the beneficial ingredients in the maize germ oil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to grease processing technology field, relate in particular to a kind of production process with six fresh-keeping steps of maize germ oil.
Background technology
In the molecular structure of grease, the molecular weight of aliphatic acid accounts for about 95% of whole triglycerides molecular weight, the trophism of the formation grease of its aliphatic acid has material impact, and the kind of aliphatic acid and ratio and people's cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health and nutrition condition are closely related.
Given very high evaluation to corn oil in country's " the year two thousand twenty Long-and Medium-term Development planning---vegetable oil and grease New Machining Technology ", corn oil contains 86% unrighted acid, and wherein 56% is linoleic acid, and the human absorptivity can reach more than 97%; It contains abundant vitamin E, vitamin E to human body cell division, delaying senility plays an important role.Content of vitamin E is only second to wheat-germ oil in the crude oil of maize germ oil, still contains oil after the deodorization heavy by 0.8%～1.2%.Also contain 0.7% phytosterol in the maize germ oil, have to prevent effect old and feeble and that remove human free radical, can reduce the content of cholesterol in human body, strengthen the function of human muscle and heart, improve the resistivity of body.
China's maize germ liquefaction experiences 30 spring and autumn, and recent years, development was swift and violent, no matter was that earth-shaking variation has occured for technology status or product structure, and output is higher, category is more, large popular independent oily kind of market coverage area to become one.
The ubiquitous problem of the preparation technology of maize germ oil in the prior art:
1. old corn mixes with new corn, and aflatoxin content is very high.Corn often occurring more than 2 years enters starch factory and separates, extract plumule, old corn is in the long storage time process, the phenomenon of going mouldy, damage by worms often appears, such raw material aflatoxin content is very high, in subsequent technique, be difficult to remove fully, have a strong impact on product quality, be badly in need of finding a kind of mode to address this problem.
2. plumule raw material impurity content is high.
3. pressing temperature is too high, and crude oil is high temperature storage in oil tank, and grease generation peroxidating is rotten, and the refining difficulty strengthens, and adding auxiliary material increases, and technic index is wayward.
4. refining process extensive management, grease produces trans-fatty acid under high temperature, high pressure, human body is worked the mischief.
5. maize germ oil is rich in oleic acid, linoleic acid, very easily returns look.
6. seal is bad.
The low industry technology barrier that becomes of crude oil factory automaticity, the workman operates the random phenomenon that is difficult to overcome that becomes by force.Be mainly manifested in: the plumule batching is uneven, such as, the plumule moisture of different manufacturers, impurity difference directly affect embryo sheet thickness and fines content, lack the instrument of on-line monitoring moisture.
Process the following midget plant of 100 tons of plumules day, quantitatively also a lot.Quality of crude oil causes anxiety.The crude oil acid value of producing is than the high 2～4mgkoH/g of integrated mill, and summer is sometimes up to 12mgkoH/g, and peroxide value summer is sometimes up to 20meq/kg simultaneously.
Refinery, day 100 tons of crude oil factories of processing still exist aquation, alkali refining workshop section to use carbon steel equipment, tube centrifuge; The Decolouring pot carbon steel material; Deodorizing technology is the plate tower structure or covers the horse pump configuration, heating use artificial hand burning heat-conducting oil furnace, and the result returns 4～5 times that look serious, trans-fatty acid is normal value.
Refinery except dosing carclazyte, also will dose active carbon at bleaching workshop section, becomes the pollution sources of refinery plant maximum.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of production process with six fresh-keeping steps of maize germ oil is provided, this technical scheme is chosen the end product oil packaging from maize raw material, with the unmanageable key of maize germ oil as emphasis, related production process with six fresh-keeping steps, the reservation amount of the sterol of the maize germ oil of producing and vitamin E etc. all is higher than the product of other producer of industry.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is:
This season fresh corn---
The fresh-keeping lock of raw material.
Corn originates from the main producing region of Chinese second largest Sautéed Sweet Corn with Salted Egg Yolk band---the Yellow River in Shandong Province basin, the corn growing season that produces long, grain grain is full.
At first, the corn of choosing guarantees fresh.Corn enters the first pass of factory and carries out the selected of raw material with drum screen or vibratory sieve, rejects earth, sandstone and jejune seed.Thereby select best fresh corn plumule as the raw material of the bright embryo maize germ oil of western king.
Past, use the corn that mixes, the corn that goes mouldy and earth, sandstone are mixed in the material, make crude oil impurity degree exceed 0.25% than now, and peroxide value exceeds 1%.
Secondly, it is fresh that maize germ separates assurance.Produce required maize germ, separated the same day same day and use, processing is no more than 3 hours from starch factory to crude oil factory.Past crude oil peroxide value is PV6-7, uses present technology peroxide value to be PV4-5.
The raw material intelligent screening---screen fresh-keeping lock
Maize germ can bring non-maize germ material in processing, course of conveying, can bring the difficulty in the processing, the unhappiness on the taste if enter oil product, such as irony, plastics and other material etc.
On-line automatic weighing device, roto-siofter, pipe magnetic separator have been increased in process of production, effectively screen maize germ, reject non-maize germ material, guaranteed that the quality of bright embryo maize germ is outstanding, the automatic screening technique guarantee of plumule the raising of stabilization of peroxide values.
The temperature control physical squeezing---squeeze fresh-keeping lock.
The crude oil of the technique squeezing of general factory does not filter, does not lower the temperature.The mode that the corn oil industry generally uses crude oil directly to enter storage tank, because the temperature of oil is high, crude oil is at the storing process mesometamorphism, and acid number, peroxide value sharply increase, and benefit materials is oxidized and destroy in the oil.The utility model patent of the applicant's application, " a kind of corn crude oil cooling device " is protected benefit materials, thereby reaches the fresh-keeping effect of squeezing.Cold pressing, filtering technique have well been preserved the raising of sterol, Ve content in the maize germ oil.Ve content is brought up to 115 present mg/kg by the 98mg/kg in past.
Steaming the traditional handicraft of frying and squeezing will be controlled at 115～120 ℃ to temperature, makes protein coacervation, and grease is discharged.This research finds that plumule condenses before entering the steaming stir-fry, temperature is controlled at 90～95 ℃ steams stir-fry and squeezing, and the grease in the plumule can discharge.Advantage is: energy savings-realization low-carbon (LC); Byproduct is subject to client's welcome-market space and enlarges because low temperature steams stir-fry and the squeezing color shoals.Increased automatic control press filtration link according to traditional handicraft, made the organic impurities of easy fermentation be difficult for entering in the crude oil.At once be cooled to 30 degree after the press filtration, enter in the crude oil tank and store.Make the material peroxide value reduce about 0.5% by these links, increased fresh-keeping property.Cold pressing, filtering technique have well been preserved the raising of sterol, Ve content in the maize germ oil.
4～May, general crude oil same period acid value 6 mgKOH/g of factory, peroxide value 5～6meq/kg; The crude oil acid value average out to 4.1mgKOH/g of our company, peroxide value average out to 1.6meq/kg.
Omnidistance automatic control refining---the fresh-keeping lock of refining.
Pioneering corn oil continuous oil fat refining process in the present patent application civitas terrena, the whole production line main body is stainless steel, one-touch driving, domestic initiation.Aseptic, dustless, totally enclosed type management that all carry out the refining plant guarantees that oil product is purer, health, and all introducing the fresh-keeping process of Sweden Alfa Laval company equipment refining is the automation control that has realized overall process,
Automatically be controlled at the breakthrough of alkali-refining process aspect, before 2003, industry is used batch (-type) alkali refining mode and Miniature tube type centrifuge, all manually-operateds; Larger factory uses small-sized disk plate centrifuge.After 2003, our company uses import PX70, PX80 disk plate centrifuge, and this kind device separates factor is high, and automaticity is reached advanced world standards, and has one's own knack aspect the vibrations preventing, has adopted displacement transducer.
Alkali-refining process control aspect:
⑴ the automatic control of flow.
⑵ the automatic control of phosphoric acid addition.
⑶ the automatic control of NaHO addition.
⑷ the automatic control of rinse water addition.
⑸ centrifuge, Hi-mixer and front 4 coupling.
⑹ the control of oil temperature, water temperature.
This road technique has been widely used automatic technology, and the exploitation of these technology and application make product quality that significantly raising be arranged: for example, the achievement of alkali refining, the result of laboratory test when finishing take drier sees Table 1 as basis for estimation:
Alkali refining contrast table before and after table 1 automation
Can find out in the table 1 that automation is forward and backward has very large difference: FFA to differ 60 times, and saponified matter content differs 11.7 times, and water content differs 20 times, and phosphorus content differs 10 times.
. come unstuck, depickling
Adjusting is come unstuck, the depickling centrifuge, according to the acid adding of calculating, add alkali number, temperature is controlled at 85 ℃ ± 2 ℃, regulates respectively sour measuring pump and adds the alkali flowmeter.
. washing, centrifugal
Oil after the depickling enters the washing centrifuge again, and the water addition is that oil is heavy by 10%～15%.Saponified matter content must not surpass 500ppm in the rear oil of washing.
3. decolouring
Add in proportion carclazyte, active carbon to premixing tank, after oil fully mixes, enter bleaching tower, carry out oil and mix with stirring of carclazyte.Adopt Dutch Nuo Ruite (NORIT) active carbon to decolour, absorption property is higher than domestic active carbon ability far away, reduces use amount 50%.The said firm is maximum in the world Activated Carbon Production merchant, its history of producing active carbon for industrial circle can be traced back to 1918, the purification solution that promise Rui Te company built stands on the activated carbon technology is the topmost solution of world's field of purification always, the activated carbon variety of producing is various, can to different physical form (powdery, crushed particles shape and column), different granularity (from very little powdery carbon to 4mm column charcoal), receive good effect.
. dewaxing
Bleached oil is lost out by pump from basin, carry out temperature adjustment by plate type heat exchanger after, enter first order crystallization (cooling) tank, start agitating device, open simultaneously the control valve of coolant distributor and regulate the temperature of oil in crystallizing tank, the cooldown rate of control oil.
Oil leans on the gravity liquid level difference successively to the second crystallizing tank-the 3rd crystallizing tank-the 4th crystallizing tank-the 5th crystallizing tank-the 6th crystallizing tank after advancing full first order crystallizing tank, start successively agitating device, and the control valve of unlatching coolant distributor, regulate the crystallization temperature of oil in each crystallizing tank, the cooling effectiveness of control oil is to reach best crystallization effect.Every grade of crystallizing tank is with 5 degree temperature difference coolings, and oil enters first order crystallizing tank time-temperature and is about 50 degree, is about 20 degree from the temperature of the 6th grade of crystallizing tank after out.
Through the oil after 6 crystallizing tank crystallizations, overflow to 6 maturators by the gravity liquid level difference, 6 maturators are intermittently operated, are used alternatingly, the growing the grain temperature is controlled at 20 ℃-6 ℃.After each maturator reaches the regulation liquid level (bottom line warning), device is opened, by the filter aid proportioning device of demarcating, filter aid is quantitatively added in the oil (principal curvature agent addition for oil heavy 0.4%～0.8%).Filter aid fully also is dispersed in the oil uniformly, adds the oil of filter aid behind the certain rearing crystal time (8～10 hours) of maturator maintenance, be input to the horizontal blade filter by pump and carry out oil, wax separation.The oil of clarification exports dewaxing edible vegetable oil tank to, after filtering through fine filter, goes to the deodorization post to process again, and has guaranteed the basic removal of wax in the maize germ oil.
5. deodorization
When oil temperature in the deodorizing tower reaches 200 ℃, open the deodorizing tower live (open) steam and stir stripping.Simultaneously, start the aliphatic acid circulating pump, carry out the aliphatic acid circularly trapping, temperature is controlled between 50～70 ℃.
Normal fuel-displaced after, oil temperature should remain on 230～265 ℃ in the tower.
During normal production, stir situation according to grease in the tower and suitably save steam pressure, the deodorised oil temperature is controlled between 230～265 ℃, and the vacuum degree control of deodorizing system is at≤390Pa, (3Torr), and the control of deodorization product oil, acid value :≤0.2mgKOH/g; Color and luster: red≤2, yellow≤20.
Deodorization is the core technology of refined oil.Overrefinement and content of trans fatty acids exceed standard inseparable relation therewith.Automatically the effect that is controlled at deodorizing technology operating process performance is fairly obvious.Before 2003, factory uses the deodorization of plate tower, vacuum degree control is used domestic steam-to-vacuum pump, with the vacuum table of 200 diameters, with gauge pressure-0.98MPa beginning deodorization that is as the criterion, heat-conducting oil furnace is used in heating, time does not reach smoke point 215 degree, red color 1.2, yellow color 12(Lovibond cell 25.4 ㎜ at all about 5～6 hours) requirement, and returning look serious, reaches the just imagination of GB.Many benefit materials at high temperature, be evaporated in the environment of long-time boiling.We use now automatically control, and oil burner steam closed cycle is used in heating, safety-can the not worry leakage of conduction oil; Clean-per 6 months and replenish a soft water; Simply-and set a pressure, namely complete by a push-botton operation.Pressure shows the employing differential pressure transmitter, and precision is Pa, shows with the MPa table to differ 1000 times.The time of staying and temperature are controlled by the DOC system.Temperature is than original 30 degree that reduce, and the time of staying is original 1/4th.Quality surpasses national standard.The vacuum degree control point should be no less than 2 places, i.e. airless injection pump discharge and soft tower packing bottom and pasta touching position.Old-fashioned method content of trans fatty acids often is 7～8%, is generally now 0.5%.The scene has people's tour to get final product.
Quality condition contrast before and after the automation: see Table 2
Quality condition contrast table before and after table 2 automation
As can be seen from Table 2, free fatty differs 2.5 times, and color and luster improves 2 times, and phosphorus content differs 5 times, and peroxide value differs 2.85 times.Trans-fatty acid differs 14 times.The data here are that product stops 48 hours later results.Before the automation, the color and luster when going out tower with the deodorization of plate tower is very shallow, deepens later in 24 hours.Relevant with long-time high temperature, relevant with peroxide value content height.Trans-fatty acid is too high relevant with excess Temperature.Consuming mainly is steam and power consumption.Generally differ about 1/2nd.
Deodorization technique guarantees rationally to use heating-up temperature in low pressure event, guarantees the reasonable preservation of VE and sterol amount.Increase VE17% than traditional handicraft, the sterol amount increases by 43%.
6. essence filter
Use the product oil after accurate filter filters deodorization, pore size filter 0.4um.
. the inspection of semifinished product
The deodorization again semi-finished product oil after secondary filter is tested by the Interventions Requested that dispatch from the factory by finished product oil quality standard Q/XW001-2009 west trump maize germ oil company standard, enters racking room (100,000 grades of clean areas) can after qualified.
Adopt technology sterol reservation amount of the present invention can reach 1000mg/100g, Ve80 mg/100g.All be higher than the sterol 650-700mg/100g of other producer of industry, the level of Ve50-55mg/100g.
Disperse to spray and fill nitrogen---the nitrogen-charging fresh-keeping lock.
Oxidation is to affect edible oil freshness most critical sexual factor.The conventional method that solves the edible oil oxidation deterioration is to adopt the mode of adding the artificial antioxidant-ditert-butylhydro quinone (TBHQ) that synthesizes to store, and long-term excessive absorption antioxidant TBHQ can cause certain infringement to health.The viewpoint of Chinese food safety method has the strict statute of limitations for the man-made additive of food; thereby in grease processing and storage, adopt nitrogen protection method, do not add food additives; utilize the inertia of natural nitrogen, principle not volatile, air-isolation reaches fresh-keeping effect.Namely adopt nitrogen that the oxygen in the oil and fat vessel is replaced as much as possible, got rid of, avoid grease to contact with oxygen, to prevent the bad change of oil quality, keep mouthfeel, taste and the nutrition of edible oil, thereby oil product is more natural, healthy.
So-called " sprinkling " all is above pasta, makes nitrogen be full of the space of storage tank or pipeline, with original Bas Discharged, thereby prevents the oxidation of grease, plays certain preservation.
But, at normal temperatures and pressures, can adsorb the oxygen that is dissolved with 0.2～0.4Kg in the 1 ㎏ edible oil, this a small amount of oxygen is enough to make particularly corn oil oxidation deterioration of edible oil, therefore, work out and be more suitable for the fresh-keeping new method of maize germ oil, " low temperature, nitrogen dispersion injector antistaling process " patent has been invented by enterprise.
The present patent application people has applied for that national patent name is: the nitrogen-charging fresh-keeping process is sprayed in a kind of maize germ oil low temperature, dispersion, and the patent No. is: 2010105065235.
0.12(mgKOH/g when acid value is by can in 18 months in the bottled bright embryo maize germ oil that adopts nitrogen-charging fresh-keeping method of the present invention to process) increase to 0.18(mgKOH/g), increase by 0.5 times; Adopt existing fill maize germ oil that the nitrogen mode processes in 18 months acid value by at that time 0.12(mgKOH/g) increase to 1.90(mgKOH/g), increase by 14.8 times, the speed of becoming sour is " low temperature, nitrogen dispersion injector antistaling process " 29.6 times.
GMP technique can---airtight fresh-keeping lock.
. bottle blowing
Equipment is selected from the bottle blowing machine of the world five top 100 France Sidel SA.This production line is from a choosing bottle embryo, charging, heats, is configured as full-automatic production line.Filled up domestic blank by cylindrical 5 liters of oil bottles that this production line is made.Obtained national patent.Compare with the domestic same industry, efficient is high, is shaped, and stabilization of equipment performance is strong.Have international advanced.
Use PET plastics automatic soot blowing bottle system, pre-blowing temp is at 115 ℃, and the master blows 150 ℃.This operation is clean area, and indoor temperature is controlled at 18～26 ℃, and relative humidity is controlled at 45%～65%.
. can
Advanced Weighing type bulking machine: Shandong Xiwang Food Co., Ltd uses the Weighing type bulking machine of Italian imported with original packaging, is characterized in that on 7 stations, each station has weighing and dosage device, has guaranteed filling accuracy.
It is the unique enterprise's (other enterprises generally use volume loader) that uses the Weighing type bulking machine of present domestic maize germ oil industry.Open source of the gas, confirm whether bleed pressure reaches 0.5mpa.Open the liquid valve, confirm the fluid passage conducting.Plugged, touch-screen is lighted.The start bottle placer, the beginning can.
This operation is clean area.Indoor temperature is controlled at 18～26 ℃, and relative humidity is controlled at 45%～65%.
. gland
The container that can is good is transported to riko cover, cap pressing process by chain, carries out gland operation.
This operation is clean area, and indoor temperature is controlled at 18～26 ℃, and relative humidity is controlled at 45%～65%.
4. case and piling
The gland end enters the storage storehouse after being transported to the vanning of automation recrater by chain, and the import stacking machine is put storage in order.The employing of airtight technology has guaranteed to fill the achievement of nitrogen technology.
The nutrient composition content of the maize germ oil of sixfold preservation technique of the present invention preparation sees Table respectively 3 and table 4.
Content of fatty acid table in table 3 maize germ oil of the present invention
Annotate: data from state food quality safety Supervision Test Center
Vitamin and content of phytosterol in table 4 maize germ oil of the present invention
Annotate: data from State Grain Administration's quality testing center analysis report
The contrast table 5 of the fresh-keeping maize germ oil with prior art of maize germ oil sixfold:
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: raw material of the present invention is fresh-keeping, screening is fresh-keeping, squeezing is fresh-keeping, refining is fresh-keeping, nitrogen-charging fresh-keeping and airtight fresh-keeping sixfold are fresh-keeping, the preparation process that the finished product oil packaging runs through whole maize germ oil of choosing from jade material raw material, in the impurity and harmful substance farthest removed wherein, guarantee the freshness of maize germ oil, thereby kept useful composition wherein.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
This season fresh corn---
The fresh-keeping lock of raw material.
Corn originates from the main producing region of Chinese second largest Sautéed Sweet Corn with Salted Egg Yolk band---the Yellow River in Shandong Province basin, the corn growing season that produces long, grain grain is full.
At first, the corn of choosing guarantees fresh.Corn enters the first pass of factory and carries out the selected of raw material with drum screen or vibratory sieve, rejects earth, sandstone and jejune seed.Thereby select best fresh corn plumule as the raw material of the bright embryo maize germ oil of western king.
Past, use the corn that mixes, the corn that goes mouldy and earth, sandstone are mixed in the material, make crude oil impurity degree exceed 0.25% than now, and peroxide value exceeds 1%.
Secondly, it is fresh that maize germ separates assurance.Produce required maize germ, separated the same day same day and use, processing is no more than 3 hours from starch factory to crude oil factory.
The raw material intelligent screening---screen fresh-keeping lock
Maize germ can bring non-maize germ material in processing, course of conveying, can bring the difficulty in the processing, the unhappiness on the taste if enter oil product, such as irony, plastics and other material etc.
On-line automatic weighing device, roto-siofter, pipe magnetic separator have been increased in process of production, effectively screen maize germ, reject non-maize germ material, guaranteed that the quality of bright embryo maize germ is outstanding, the automatic screening technique guarantee of plumule the raising of stabilization of peroxide values.
The temperature control physical squeezing---squeeze fresh-keeping lock.
The crude oil of the technique squeezing of general factory does not filter, does not lower the temperature.The mode that the corn oil industry generally uses crude oil directly to enter storage tank, because the temperature of oil is high, crude oil is at the storing process mesometamorphism, and acid number, peroxide value sharply increase, and benefit materials is oxidized and destroy in the oil.The utility model patent of the applicant's application, " a kind of corn crude oil cooling device " is protected benefit materials, thereby reaches the fresh-keeping effect of squeezing.
Steaming the traditional handicraft of frying and squeezing will be controlled at 115～120 ℃ to temperature, makes protein coacervation, and grease is discharged.This research finds that plumule condenses before entering the steaming stir-fry, temperature is controlled at 90～95 ℃ steams stir-fry and squeezing, and the grease in the plumule can discharge.Advantage is: energy savings-realization low-carbon (LC); Byproduct is subject to client's welcome-market space and enlarges because low temperature steams stir-fry and the squeezing color shoals.Increased automatic control press filtration link according to traditional handicraft, made the organic impurities of easy fermentation be difficult for entering in the crude oil.At once be cooled to 30 degree after the press filtration, enter in the crude oil tank and store.Make the material peroxide value reduce about 0.5% by these links, increased fresh-keeping property.
4～May, general crude oil same period acid value 6 mgKOH/g of factory, peroxide value 5～6meq/kg; The crude oil acid value average out to 4.1mgKOH/g of our company, peroxide value average out to 1.6meq/kg.
Omnidistance automatic control refining---the fresh-keeping lock of refining.
1. come unstuck, depickling
Adjusting is come unstuck, the depickling centrifuge, according to the acid adding of calculating, add alkali number, temperature is controlled at 85 ℃ ± 2 ℃, regulates respectively sour measuring pump and adds the alkali flowmeter.
2. washing, centrifugal
Oil after the depickling enters the washing centrifuge again, and the water addition is that oil is heavy by 10%～15%.Saponified matter content must not surpass 500ppm in the rear oil of washing.
3. decolouring
Add in proportion carclazyte, active carbon to premixing tank, after oil fully mixes, enter bleaching tower, carry out oil and mix with stirring of carclazyte.Adopt Dutch Nuo Ruite (NORIT) active carbon to decolour, absorption property is higher than domestic active carbon ability far away, reduces use amount 50%.The said firm is maximum in the world Activated Carbon Production merchant, its history of producing active carbon for industrial circle can be traced back to 1918, the purification solution that promise Rui Te company built stands on the activated carbon technology is the topmost solution of world's field of purification always, the activated carbon variety of producing is various, can to different physical form (powdery, crushed particles shape and column), different granularity (from very little powdery carbon to 4mm column charcoal), receive good effect.
4. dewaxing
Bleached oil is lost out by pump from basin, carry out temperature adjustment by plate type heat exchanger after, enter first order crystallization (cooling) tank, start agitating device, open simultaneously the control valve of coolant distributor and regulate the temperature of oil in crystallizing tank, the cooldown rate of control oil.
Oil leans on the gravity liquid level difference successively to the second crystallizing tank-the 3rd crystallizing tank-the 4th crystallizing tank-the 5th crystallizing tank-the 6th crystallizing tank after advancing full first order crystallizing tank, start successively agitating device, and the control valve of unlatching coolant distributor, regulate the crystallization temperature of oil in each crystallizing tank, the cooling effectiveness of control oil is to reach best crystallization effect.Every grade of crystallizing tank is with 5 degree temperature difference coolings, and oil enters first order crystallizing tank time-temperature and is about 50 degree, is about 20 degree from the temperature of the 6th grade of crystallizing tank after out.
Through the oil after 6 crystallizing tank crystallizations, overflow to 6 maturators by the gravity liquid level difference, 6 maturators are intermittently operated, are used alternatingly, the growing the grain temperature is controlled at 20 ℃-6 ℃.After each maturator reaches the regulation liquid level (bottom line warning), device is opened, by the filter aid proportioning device of demarcating, filter aid is quantitatively added in the oil (principal curvature agent addition for oil heavy 0.4%～0.8%).Filter aid fully also is dispersed in the oil uniformly, adds the oil of filter aid behind the certain rearing crystal time (8～10 hours) of maturator maintenance, be input to the horizontal blade filter by pump and carry out oil, wax separation.The oil of clarification exports dewaxing edible vegetable oil tank to, after filtering through fine filter, goes to the deodorization post to process again, and has guaranteed the basic removal of wax in the maize germ oil.
5. deodorization
When oil temperature in the deodorizing tower reaches 200 ℃, open the deodorizing tower live (open) steam and stir stripping.Simultaneously, start the aliphatic acid circulating pump, carry out the aliphatic acid circularly trapping, temperature is controlled between 50～70 ℃.
Normal fuel-displaced after, oil temperature should remain on 230～265 ℃ in the tower.
During normal production, stir situation according to grease in the tower and suitably save steam pressure, the deodorised oil temperature is controlled between 230～265 ℃, and the vacuum degree control of deodorizing system is at≤390Pa, (3Torr), and the control of deodorization product oil, acid value :≤0.2mgKOH/g; Color and luster: red≤2, yellow≤20.
Deodorization is the core technology of refined oil.Overrefinement and content of trans fatty acids exceed standard inseparable relation therewith.Automatically the effect that is controlled at deodorizing technology operating process performance is fairly obvious.Before 2003, factory uses the deodorization of plate tower, vacuum degree control is used domestic steam-to-vacuum pump, with the vacuum table of 200 diameters, with gauge pressure-0.98MPa beginning deodorization that is as the criterion, heat-conducting oil furnace is used in heating, time does not reach smoke point 215 degree, red color 1.2, yellow color 12(Lovibond cell 25.4 ㎜ at all about 5～6 hours) requirement, and returning look serious, reaches the just imagination of GB.Many benefit materials at high temperature, be evaporated in the environment of long-time boiling.We use now automatically control, and oil burner steam closed cycle is used in heating, safety-can the not worry leakage of conduction oil; Clean-per 6 months and replenish a soft water; Simply-and set a pressure, namely complete by a push-botton operation.Pressure shows the employing differential pressure transmitter, and precision is Pa, shows with the MPa table to differ 1000 times.The time of staying and temperature are controlled by the DOC system.Temperature is than original 30 degree that reduce, and the time of staying is original 1/4th.Quality surpasses national standard.The vacuum degree control point should be no less than 2 places, i.e. airless injection pump discharge and soft tower packing bottom and pasta touching position.Old-fashioned method content of trans fatty acids often is 7～8%, is generally now 0.5%.The scene has people's tour to get final product.
Deodorization technique guarantees rationally to use heating-up temperature in low pressure event, guarantees the reasonable preservation of VE and sterol amount.Increase VE17% than traditional handicraft, the sterol amount increases by 43%.
6. essence filter
Use the product oil after accurate filter filters deodorization, pore size filter 0.4um.
7. the inspection of semifinished product
The deodorization again semi-finished product oil after secondary filter is tested by the Interventions Requested that dispatch from the factory by finished product oil quality standard Q/XW001-2009 west trump maize germ oil company standard, enters racking room (100,000 grades of clean areas) can after qualified.
Disperse to spray and fill nitrogen---the nitrogen-charging fresh-keeping lock.
Oxidation is to affect edible oil freshness most critical sexual factor.The conventional method that solves the edible oil oxidation deterioration is to adopt the mode of adding the artificial antioxidant-ditert-butylhydro quinone (TBHQ) that synthesizes to store, and long-term excessive absorption antioxidant TBHQ can cause certain infringement to health.The viewpoint of Chinese food safety method has the strict statute of limitations for the man-made additive of food; thereby in grease processing and storage, adopt nitrogen protection method, do not add food additives; utilize the inertia of natural nitrogen, principle not volatile, air-isolation reaches fresh-keeping effect.Namely adopt nitrogen that the oxygen in the oil and fat vessel is replaced as much as possible, got rid of, avoid grease to contact with oxygen, to prevent the bad change of oil quality, keep mouthfeel, taste and the nutrition of edible oil, thereby oil product is more natural, healthy.
So-called " sprinkling " all is above pasta, makes nitrogen be full of the space of storage tank or pipeline, with original Bas Discharged, thereby prevents the oxidation of grease, plays certain preservation.
But, at normal temperatures and pressures, can adsorb the oxygen that is dissolved with 0.2～0.4Kg in the 1 ㎏ edible oil, this a small amount of oxygen is enough to make particularly corn oil oxidation deterioration of edible oil, therefore, work out and be more suitable for the fresh-keeping new method of maize germ oil, " low temperature, nitrogen dispersion injector antistaling process " patent has been invented by enterprise.
0.12(mgKOH/g when acid value is by can in 18 months in the bottled bright embryo maize germ oil that adopts nitrogen-charging fresh-keeping method of the present invention to process) increase to 0.18(mgKOH/g), increase by 0.5 times; Adopt existing fill maize germ oil that the nitrogen mode processes in 18 months acid value by at that time 0.12(mgKOH/g) increase to 1.90(mgKOH/g), increase by 14.8 times, the speed of becoming sour is " low temperature, nitrogen dispersion injector antistaling process " 29.6 times.
GMP technique can---airtight fresh-keeping lock.
1. bottle blowing
Equipment is selected from the bottle blowing machine of the world five top 100 France Sidel SA.This production line is from a choosing bottle embryo, charging, heats, is configured as full-automatic production line.Filled up domestic blank by cylindrical 5 liters of oil bottles that this production line is made.Obtained national patent.Compare with the domestic same industry, efficient is high, is shaped, and stabilization of equipment performance is strong.Have international advanced.
Use PET plastics automatic soot blowing bottle system, pre-blowing temp is at 115 ℃, and the master blows 150 ℃.This operation is clean area, and indoor temperature is controlled at 18～26 ℃, and relative humidity is controlled at 45%～65%.
2. can
Advanced Weighing type bulking machine: Shandong Xiwang Food Co., Ltd uses the Weighing type bulking machine of Italian imported with original packaging, is characterized in that on 7 stations, each station has weighing and dosage device, has guaranteed filling accuracy.
It is the unique enterprise's (other enterprises generally use volume loader) that uses the Weighing type bulking machine of present domestic maize germ oil industry.Open source of the gas, confirm whether bleed pressure reaches 0.5mpa.Open the liquid valve, confirm the fluid passage conducting.Plugged, touch-screen is lighted.The start bottle placer, the beginning can.
This operation is clean area.Indoor temperature is controlled at 18～26 ℃, and relative humidity is controlled at 45%～65%.
3. gland
The container that can is good is transported to riko cover, cap pressing process by chain, carries out gland operation.
This operation is clean area, and indoor temperature is controlled at 18～26 ℃, and relative humidity is controlled at 45%～65%.
4. case and piling
The gland end enters the storage storehouse after being transported to the vanning of automation recrater by chain, and the import stacking machine is put storage in order.The employing of airtight technology has guaranteed to fill the achievement of nitrogen technology.
Claims (1)
1. the production process with six fresh-keeping steps of maize germ oil, it is characterized in that: comprise following process steps: raw material is fresh-keeping, screening is fresh-keeping, squeezing is fresh-keeping, refining is fresh-keeping, nitrogen-charging fresh-keeping and airtight fresh-keeping; Described raw material is fresh-keeping to comprise that corn is fresh-keeping, maize germ separates fresh-keeping; Described corn is fresh-keeping to be: fresh corn is carried out selected, rejects earth, sandstone and jejune seed; Described maize germ separation is fresh-keeping to be: maize germ is no more than 3 hours from separating the rear time to the crude oil squeezing; Described screening is fresh-keeping to be: maize germ is screened, reject non-maize germ material; Described squeezing is fresh-keeping to be: temperature is controlled at 90～95 ℃ steams stir-fry and squeezing, the grease in the plumule can discharge, and at once is cooled to 30 degree after the press filtration, enters in the crude oil tank and stores;
Described refining is fresh-keeping to comprise following processing step:
1). come unstuck, depickling crude oil temperature is controlled at 85 ℃ ± 2 ℃;
2). washing, the oil after the centrifugal depickling enter the washing centrifuge again, and the water addition be oily heavy by 10%～15%;
3). decolouring is added carclazyte, active carbon to premixing tank, after oil fully mixes, enters the bleaching tower decolouring;
4). dewaxing is lost out bleached oil from basin by pump, after carrying out temperature adjustment by plate type heat exchanger, enter first order crystallizing tank, start agitating device, open simultaneously the control valve of coolant distributor and regulate the temperature of oil in crystallizing tank, the cooldown rate of control oil;
Oil leans on the gravity liquid level difference successively to the second crystallizing tank-the 3rd crystallizing tank-the 4th crystallizing tank-the 5th crystallizing tank-the 6th crystallizing tank after advancing full first order crystallizing tank, start successively agitating device, and the control valve of unlatching coolant distributor, regulate the crystallization temperature of oil in each crystallizing tank, the cooling effectiveness of control oil, to reach best crystallization effect, every grade of crystallizing tank is lowered the temperature with poor realization of 5 degree, through the oil after 6 crystallizing tank crystallizations, overflow to 6 maturators by the gravity liquid level difference, 6 maturators are intermittently operated, be used alternatingly, the growing the grain temperature is controlled at 20 ℃-6 ℃, after each maturator reaches the regulation liquid level, device is opened, by the filter aid proportioning device of demarcating, quantitatively add filter aid in the oil, the filter aid addition is that oil is heavy by 0.4%～0.8%, filter aid fully also is dispersed in the oil uniformly, and the oil that adds filter aid, is input to the horizontal blade filter by pump and carries out oil after 8～10 hours at the maturator growing the grain, wax separates, the oil of clarification exports dewaxing edible vegetable oil tank to, after filtering through fine filter again, go to the deodorization post to process, guaranteed the basic removal of wax in the maize germ oil;
5). when deodorization reaches 200 ℃ when oil temperature in the deodorizing tower, open the deodorizing tower live (open) steam and stir stripping, simultaneously, start the aliphatic acid circulating pump, carry out the aliphatic acid circularly trapping, temperature is controlled between 50～70 ℃;
Normal fuel-displaced after, oil temperature should remain on 230～265 ℃ in the tower, the vacuum degree control of deodorizing system is in≤390Pa, the control of deodorization product oil, acid value :≤0.2mgKOH/g; Color and luster: red≤2, yellow≤20;
6). the product oil after accurate filter filters deodorization, pore size filter 0.4um are used in the essence filter;
Described nitrogen-charging fresh-keeping is low temperature, disperses injection to fill the nitrogen technology;
Described airtight fresh-keeping comprising the following steps:
1) bottle blowing: use PET plastics automatic soot blowing bottle system
,Pre-blowing temp is at 115 ℃, and the master blows 150 ℃;
2) can: use the Weighing type bulking machine, guaranteed filling accuracy;
3) gland: this operation is clean area, and indoor temperature is controlled at 18～26 ℃, and relative humidity is controlled at 45%～65%.
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| CN102504949B (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2013-09-18 | 邯郸晨光珍品油脂有限公司 | Method for producing wheat germ oil |
| CN103540401A (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-01-29 | 李宁 | Fool type automatic control system for edible oil winterization procedure |
| CN103859062B (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2016-03-02 | 山东西王食品有限公司 | A kind of edible corn oil with five heavy vision protection functions |
| CN103923742A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2014-07-16 | 陕西天谷生物科技有限公司 | Production method of longstalck peach oil |
| CN104450181A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-03-25 | 山东玉生源油脂有限公司 | Production process for original fragrance corn oil |
| CN105199845A (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2015-12-30 | 东北农业大学 | Method for desoponificating de-acidified corn oil |
| CN105602721A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-05-25 | 东北农业大学 | Method for removing pigment and wax in corn oil at same time |
| CN109609264A (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2019-04-12 | 佳乐宝食品股份有限公司 | A kind of refinery practice improving corn oil quality |
| CN110982612A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-10 | 山东西王食品有限公司 | Nutritional corn germ oil containing pure natural octacosanol and production process thereof |
| CN111498173B (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2022-05-20 | 中粮福临门食品营销有限公司 | Lock-culturing fresh-keeping production process of edible oil |
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