CN102226582B - Indoor solar cooker for conducting solar energy by utilizing optical fiber - Google Patents
Indoor solar cooker for conducting solar energy by utilizing optical fiber Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102226582B CN102226582B CN2011101431665A CN201110143166A CN102226582B CN 102226582 B CN102226582 B CN 102226582B CN 2011101431665 A CN2011101431665 A CN 2011101431665A CN 201110143166 A CN201110143166 A CN 201110143166A CN 102226582 B CN102226582 B CN 102226582B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- optical fiber
- light
- snoot
- cooker
- kitchen range
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/30—Solar heat collectors for heating objects, e.g. solar cookers or solar furnaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/12—Light guides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S23/71—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with parabolic reflective surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
- F24S30/45—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with two rotation axes
- F24S30/452—Vertical primary axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
- F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers
- Y02B40/18—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers using renewables, e.g. solar cooking stoves, furnaces or solar heating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
Abstract
The invention discloses an indoor solar cooker for conducting solar energy by utilizing an optical fiber, which comprises a light condensation unit which is arranged outdoors and a cooker which is arranged indoors, wherein a light transmission unit is arranged between the light condensation unit and the cooker; the light transmission unit comprises a light condensation cover and an automatic tracking device which is used for realizing the rotation of the light condensation cover in the horizontal and vertical directions; the light transmission unit comprises an optical fiber and a light converter; the optical fiber is a 10cm silica optical fiber; the light converter is positioned in the focusing center of the light condensation cover; the cooker comprises an optical fiber socket which is arranged on the shell of the cooker, a focusing light path and an adjusting structure; the focusing light path is formed by a first lens, a reflector, a second lens and a light reflecting cover which are sequentially connected; the adjusting structure is used for adjusting the distance between the second lens and the bottom of the cooker; and the optical fiber is connected between the light converter and the optical fiber socket. The indoor solar cooker disclosed by the invention can effectively improve the utilization rate of the solar energy, has obvious economic and social benefits and is suitable for popularization and use in civil houses.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solar energy utilization system, relate in particular to a kind of indoor solar cooker that utilizes fiber optic conduction solar energy.
Background technology
The energy is the valuable cargo that human society is depended on for existence and development, but facing mankind severe Energy situation at present.Since energy crisis is suggested; people's having recognized gradually is not unlimited with the reserves of the traditional energies such as oil, coal, exploit easily and the reserves that utilize few; the development difficulty of remaining reserves is increasing, will lose the value of exploitation to certain limit.Therefore, we just must seek new energy resource structure, explore as soon as possible, research and develop and utilize the new forms of energy resource, otherwise will be that mankind itself's existence is on the hazard.Current, China has also proposed corresponding energy strategy, and the energy strategy take energy-saving and emission-reduction as target plays an important role in daily life gradually.This research group finds that by analyzing the sun provides inexhaustible energy source take its incomparable huge energy emission as the mankind, in a planned way, reasonably carry out the solar energy utilization, being the inevitable choice that human society moves towards sustainable development path, also is the important approach of building a Harmonious Society, promoting ecosystem benign cycle and realize energy-saving and emission-reduction.The present invention in a planned way, reasonably carries out the solar energy utilization, and by the utilization rate that the present invention improves solar energy, makes solar energy replace gradually people's conventional energy resource in daily life.So just can reach the target of energy-saving and emission-reduction.
But present solar utilization technique is substantially in the outdoor solar energy heating working medium of utilizing, and with pipeline working medium is imported into indoorly, and can not adjust the orientation of receiving terminal.With regard to inevitably being arranged, loss can not reach maximum utilization ratio like this.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned prior art, the invention provides a kind of indoor solar cooker that utilizes fiber optic conduction solar energy.The present invention can expand function and the efficient of domestic solar system, its basic ideas are that the luminous energy after natural daylight is focused on is incorporated into indoor kitchen range use, after utilizing optical principle to make low-grade sunlight reach 800 to 1000 degrees centigrade high-energy light beam guiding by focusing, recycling is led resistant to elevated temperatures optical fiber the kitchen range in the high-energy light beam guiding guide chamber is directly utilized.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention is a kind of to utilize the indoor solar cooker of fiber optic conduction solar energy to be achieved is: comprise being arranged on outdoor light focusing unit and being arranged on indoor kitchen range, be provided with optical transmission unit between described light focusing unit and the described kitchen range; Described light focusing unit comprises snoot and be used for to realize the autotracker that snoot rotates at level and vertical both direction; Described optical transmission unit comprises optical fiber and photoconverter, described optical fiber is the silica fibre of 10cm, described photoconverter is positioned at the focusing center position of described snoot, described kitchen range comprise the kitchen range shell, be arranged on the optical fiber socket on the described kitchen range shell, by the focused light passages that the first lens, reflective mirror, the second lens and the reflection shield that connect in turn form, this focused light passages focuses of the light beam into the bottom of kitchen range; Described kitchen range also include to regulate the adjustment structure of distance between described the second lens and the kitchen range bottom, and described adjustment structure is made of adjusting knob, the second lens holder plate and elevating drive mechanism; Described optical fiber is connected between described photoconverter and the described optical fiber socket.
The present invention utilizes the indoor solar cooker of fiber optic conduction solar energy, and wherein: described autotracker comprises a single-chip microcomputer, is distributed on four photo resistance, the vertical rotating actuator on the snoot and horizontally rotates transmission mechanism.Described four photo resistance with the snoot Central Symmetry be arranged in the upper and lower, left and right of described snoot, be used for gathering the light intensity difference that snoot reaches up and down left and right sides both direction; Described vertical rotating actuator and horizontally rotate transmission mechanism and be provided with respectively a stepper motor, described single-chip microcomputer sends instruction according to the data that described photo resistance is transmitted to described stepper motor.The surface area of described snoot is 2 to 4 square metres.Described elevating drive mechanism comprises travelling gear, power transmission shaft and cam, and the rotation of described cam drives described the second lens holder plate and moves up and down.
Compared with prior art, the present invention utilizes the beneficial effect of the indoor solar cooker of fiber optic conduction solar energy to be:
The present invention has expanded function and the efficient of solar energy system in the prior art, luminous energy after the natural daylight focusing is incorporated into indoor kitchen range to be used, after utilizing optical principle to make low-grade sunlight reach 800 to 1000 degrees centigrade high-energy light beam guiding by focusing, recycling is led resistant to elevated temperatures optical fiber the kitchen range in the high-energy light beam guiding guide chamber is directly utilized.The present invention uses the fiber optic conduction high-energy light beam guiding, therefore just can satisfy the use of differing heights floor resident family in the skyscraper by the length that changes optical fiber, is easy to penetration and promotion, is with a wide range of applications.
The present invention can improve the service efficiency of solar energy, has the advantage of environmental protection and energy saving, and utilizing at home the annual required expense of traditional natural gas cooker according to three people is 2.4 yuan of * 25m
3* 12=720 is first, and take Efficiency in Buildings in Tianjin Area as example, can utilize the solar radiation fate whole year is 199 days, gets calculating in 200 days, and solar cooker of the present invention is annual estimates that cost saving is 2.4 yuan of * 25m but use
3/ 30*200 days=400 yuan, therefore, solar cooker of the present invention not only is that society saves mass energy, also for family cuts down expenses, if carry out large-scale promotion, will produce huge economic benefit and the social benefit of environmental protection.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1-the 1st, the present invention utilize outdoor section structural representation sketch in the indoor solar cooker of fiber optic conduction solar energy;
Fig. 1-2 is autotracker structural representation shown in Fig. 1-1;
Fig. 2 is solar range structural representation among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is solar range A-A cross-sectional schematic shown in Figure 2;
Fig. 4 is the top view of solar range shown in Figure 2.
Among the figure:
1---light socket 2---first lens 3---reflective mirror
4---the second lens holder plate 5---second lens 6---reflection shields
7---the bottom of a pan 8---kitchen range shell 9---cams
10---power transmission shaft 11---travelling gear 12---adjusting knobs
42---photoconverter 43---support 44---snoots
45---autotracker 451---trunnion axis 452---the first stepper motors
453---the second driven gear 454---second stepper motor 455---the second driving gears
456---the first driven gear 457---first driving gear 458---vertical axes
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of indoor solar cooker that utilizes fiber optic conduction solar energy of the present invention comprises being arranged on outdoor light focusing unit and being arranged on indoor kitchen range, is provided with optical transmission unit between described light focusing unit and the described kitchen range.
Shown in Fig. 1-1 and Fig. 1-2, described light focusing unit comprises snoot 44 and be used for to realize the autotracker 45 that snoot 44 rotates at level and vertical both direction; For improving the accuracy of autotracker, can select to come the control step motor to reach the purpose of solar tracking by a single-chip microcomputer.Described autotracker among the present invention mainly is control snoot 44 rotatablely moving on horizontal plane and vertical plane.Described autotracker 45 comprises a single-chip microcomputer, is distributed on four photo resistance, the vertical rotating actuator on the snoot 44 and horizontally rotates transmission mechanism, described four photo resistance are arranged in the upper and lower, left and right of described snoot 44 with snoot 44 Central Symmetries, be used for gathering the light intensity difference that snoot 44 reaches up and down left and right sides both direction, described vertical rotating actuator and horizontally rotate transmission mechanism and be provided with respectively a stepper motor, described single-chip microcomputer sends instruction according to the data that described photo resistance is transmitted to described stepper motor.Wherein the photo resistance at two ends, the left and right sides gathers the light intensity difference at two ends, snoot 44 left and right sides, and horizontally rotating by single-chip microcomputer and a step motor control snoot 44; The photo resistance at two ends gathers the light intensity difference at snoot two ends about in the of 44 up and down, and the up and down rotation by single-chip microcomputer and another step motor control snoot 44, by four photo resistance of such layout can make snoot 44 and the sun over against, make the collection of light reach best effect.During described autotracker 45 work, vertically the drive path of rotating actuator is: the first stepper motor 452, and---the first driving gear 457---first driven gear 456---trunnion axis 451 drives snoot 44 and rotates in perpendicular, in like manner, the drive path that horizontally rotates transmission mechanism is: the second stepper motor 454, and---------vertical axes 458---support 43---drives snoot 44 and rotates in horizontal plane the second driven gear 453 the second driving gear 455.In addition, can also be by snoot 44 be set an initial position, snoot 44 is got back to initial position after the sun sets, and makes snoot can both reach the optimum position of sun incident 44 every mornings.
Described kitchen range 36 comprise kitchen range shell 8, are arranged on the optical fiber socket 1 on the described kitchen range shell 8, and by the focused light passages that the first lens 2, reflective mirror 3, the second lens 5 and the reflection shield 6 that connect in turn form, this focused light passages focuses of the light beam into the bottom of kitchen range; Described kitchen range also include to regulate the adjustment structure of distance between described the second lens 5 and the kitchen range bottom, and described adjustment structure is made of adjusting knob 12, the second lens holder plate 4 and elevating drive mechanism; Described elevating drive mechanism comprises travelling gear 11, power transmission shaft 10 and cam 9, and the rotation of described cam 9 drives described the second lens holder plate 4 and moves up and down.
Described optical transmission unit comprises optical fiber 41 and photoconverter 42, and described optical fiber 41 is connected between described photoconverter 42 and the described optical fiber socket.In daily life, because light is more much lower than the conduction loss of electricity in the conduction loss of optical fiber, optical fiber can be delivered to each corner to sunlight, consider that the hot spot after the sunshine line focus is larger, therefore need to be provided with a photoconverter 42, described photoconverter 42 is arranged on the focusing center position of described snoot 44, snoot 44 among the present invention is larger area sunlight to be focused on the photoconverter 42 that is connected with optical fiber, make the closeness of light reach higher degree, to satisfy the energy requirement of indoor cooking.Therefore, the glass mirror that the reflective mirror of snoot is preferably silver-plated or aluminizes, also can adopt aluminium polishing minute surface and the mylar minute surface of aluminizing, usually, the light concentration type solar cooker of 700～1200 watts of power, the daylighting area of its snoot is about 1.5 to 2.0 square metres and gets final product, and therefore, the surface area of described snoot is 2 to 4 square metres.Described photoconverter 42 can be converted into the higher directional light of degree of focus with the sunshine after focusing on, can reduce to pinch the Fei Er effect when high-energy light beam guiding is in conducting to optical fiber like this, make the loss of high-energy light beam guiding reach minimum, and make high energy light drop to minimum in the fuel factor of the optical fiber socket end generation of the optical fiber other end.Because common plastic optical fiber can not satisfy the requirement of conducts high energy light beam, therefore, the described optical fiber 41 among this present invention is the silica fibre of 10cm.The present invention is by the fiber optic conduction high-energy light beam guiding, realize that the solar facula after the outdoor focusing conducts to indoor, and then high-energy light beam guiding led into the solar cooker stove, by being arranged on a focused light passages of kitchen range bottom, make light finally can again focus on the bottom that is positioned at the cooker on the kitchen range, so just can be implemented in indoor use solar cooker.
The operation principle of solar cooker of the present invention comprises biography energy part and control section, wherein:
Passing can part: as shown in Figure 3 the high-energy sunshine of outdoor gathering by fiber optic conduction to indoor and be connected to the optical fiber socket 1 of stove and accessory.High-energy light beam guiding is radiated at the first lens 2 of kitchen range the inside, the high-energy light beam guiding that this first lens 2 is come fiber optic conduction is radiated on the reflective mirror 3 after changing into directional light, this reflective mirror 3 is radiated at directional light on one second lens 4 and again focuses on, hot spot after the focusing is radiated on the cooker, utilizes luminous energy to carry out the cooking operation.Be with in addition a circle reflection shield 6 around the second lens 5, its effect is that (in the use procedure of luminous energy) reflexed to cooker bottom from cooker bottom reflection light out, to improve the capacity usage ratio of solar cooker.
Control section: as shown in Figure 4, rotation by adjusting knob 12, drive successively two gears 11, control again the rotation of cams 9 by power transmission shaft 10, cam 9 in the process of rotation, will drive the second lens holder plate 4 and on the second lens 5 to do (or lower) mobile, thereby can realize controlling the size that the second lens 5 are incident upon the hot spot of cooker bottom, hot spot diminishes when the second lens 5 move down, the temperature of cooker bottom raises and accelerates, when the second lens 5 moved up, the temperature that hot spot becomes large cooker bottom raise slack-off.Can satisfy like this demand that in the cooking operating process power is changed.
Although top invention has been described in conjunction with figure; but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiment; the above-mentioned specific embodiment only is schematic; rather than restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; in the situation that does not break away from aim of the present invention, can also make a lot of distortion, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. indoor solar cooker that utilizes fiber optic conduction solar energy, comprise being arranged on outdoor light focusing unit that described light focusing unit comprises snoot (44) and be used for to realize the autotracker (45) that snoot (44) rotates at level and vertical both direction; It is characterized in that:
Also comprise being arranged on indoor kitchen range, be provided with optical transmission unit between described light focusing unit and the described kitchen range;
Described optical transmission unit comprises optical fiber (41) and photoconverter (42), and described optical fiber (41) is the silica fibre of 10cm, and described photoconverter (42) is positioned at the center of described snoot (44),
Described kitchen range (36) comprise kitchen range shell (8), be arranged on the optical fiber socket (1) on the described kitchen range shell (8), by the focused light passages that the first lens (2), reflective mirror (3), the second lens (5) and the reflection shield (6) that connect in turn form, this focused light passages focuses of the light beam into the bottom of kitchen range;
Described kitchen range also include to regulate the adjustment structure of distance between described the second lens (5) and the kitchen range bottom, and described adjustment structure is made of adjusting knob (12), the second lens holder plate (4) and elevating drive mechanism;
Described optical fiber (41) is connected between described photoconverter (42) and the described optical fiber socket.
2. the indoor solar cooker that utilizes fiber optic conduction solar energy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: four photo resistance that described autotracker (45) comprises a single-chip microcomputer, be distributed on snoot on (44), vertical rotating actuator and horizontally rotate transmission mechanism.
3. the indoor solar cooker that utilizes fiber optic conduction solar energy according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described four photo resistance with snoot (44) Central Symmetry be arranged in the upper and lower, left and right of described snoot (44), be used for gathering the light intensity difference that snoot (44) reaches up and down left and right sides both direction; Described vertical rotating actuator and horizontally rotate transmission mechanism and be provided with respectively a stepper motor, described single-chip microcomputer sends instruction according to the data that described photo resistance is transmitted to described stepper motor.
4. the indoor solar cooker that utilizes fiber optic conduction solar energy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the surface area of described snoot is 2 to 4 square metres.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101431665A CN102226582B (en) | 2011-05-30 | 2011-05-30 | Indoor solar cooker for conducting solar energy by utilizing optical fiber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101431665A CN102226582B (en) | 2011-05-30 | 2011-05-30 | Indoor solar cooker for conducting solar energy by utilizing optical fiber |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102226582A CN102226582A (en) | 2011-10-26 |
| CN102226582B true CN102226582B (en) | 2013-01-02 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101431665A Expired - Fee Related CN102226582B (en) | 2011-05-30 | 2011-05-30 | Indoor solar cooker for conducting solar energy by utilizing optical fiber |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN102226582B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103666576A (en) * | 2012-09-03 | 2014-03-26 | 刘君才 | Carbon dioxide coal gasifier |
| CN108332433A (en) * | 2018-01-28 | 2018-07-27 | 昆山富凌能源利用有限公司 | Utilize the indoor solar cooker of fiber optic conduction solar energy |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4018212A (en) * | 1976-02-13 | 1977-04-19 | Hein Leopold A | Solar heating and cooking apparatus |
| JPS5997461A (en) * | 1982-11-26 | 1984-06-05 | Shinenerugii Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko | Solar light collector |
| CN2809503Y (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2006-08-23 | 郭印华 | Solar range |
| CN2861872Y (en) * | 2005-08-22 | 2007-01-24 | 陈朋海 | Indoor solar range |
| CN101344327B (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2010-08-04 | 段春玉 | Solar energy collection, conversion and utilization device |
| CN101363663A (en) * | 2008-09-28 | 2009-02-11 | 赵鹤 | High-efficiency solar concentrating collector |
| CN101881524A (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2010-11-10 | 丁俣 | Solar energy gathering and transmitting device |
| CN202101426U (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2012-01-04 | 天津大学 | Indoor solar cooker utilizing optical fibers to conduct solar energy |
-
2011
- 2011-05-30 CN CN2011101431665A patent/CN102226582B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN102226582A (en) | 2011-10-26 |
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