CN102225794A - A combined food waste wastewater oil-water separation device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a combined oil-water separation device and method for kitchen waste wastewater, belonging to the field of oil-water separation.

Description

A combined food waste wastewater oil-water separation device and method

[technical field]

The invention belongs to the technical field of kitchen waste water treatment, and in particular relates to a device and method for oil-water separation of kitchen waste waste water.

[technical background]

In recent years, with the continuous and rapid development of the national economy and the rapid development of the catering industry, the output of kitchen waste in my country is increasing. According to the National Environmental Bulletin, the volume of kitchen waste removal in 2001 was 40.41 million to 53.88 million tons. It accounts for more than 40% of urban domestic waste. With the rapid development of the catering industry in recent years, the output of kitchen waste will increase. In 2010, the volume of kitchen waste removal is estimated to be 60 million to 70 million tons. How to solve various problems caused by food waste is an urgent problem in the current social development. Food waste contains a large amount of animal and vegetable oils, which can be recycled as raw materials for biodiesel, stearic acid and oleic acid. Therefore, Kitchen waste is a kind of "renewable resource" with high utilization value, but on the other hand, the existence of these waste oils has brought adverse effects on the treatment of food waste. The easy adhesion of oil is easy to Cause pipeline blockage, wrap supporting medium, interfere with life activities, and be easily decomposed and utilized by microorganisms under suitable conditions. The generated aflatoxin has a very strong carcinogenic effect, which will adversely affect the quality of products generated by resource utilization. Therefore, it is necessary to separate and recycle the grease in the food waste, so as to reduce the trouble of resource utilization of food waste and improve the efficiency of resource treatment. At present, the scope of application and research of oil-water separation technology is mainly concentrated in oil refining and chemical industries. There are very few reports on the treatment of waste oil in the catering industry in my country. It is of great practical significance to provide reliable technical support for the resource utilization of kitchen waste to turn waste into treasure.

For the oil recovery of kitchen waste, after the kitchen waste undergoes solid-liquid separation, the main oil exists in the wastewater. Therefore, the recovery of the residual waste oil from the kitchen waste is transferred to the oil-water separation of the restaurant wastewater, and the restaurant wastewater treatment The biggest problem is to improve the recovery efficiency of oil. The common method is to use cyclone technology or add demulsification and oil drop coalescing components in the oil-water separation device to achieve the effect of aggregating smaller oil droplets into larger oil droplets. . Larger oil droplets finally float up to the oil-water interface and separate from the water.

[Content of the invention]

The object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for separating oil and water from kitchen waste and wastewater with simple structure and good oil-water separation effect.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved like this:

A combined food waste wastewater oil-water separation device, including a container with an open top, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a filter screen, a grease coalescence layer, a spindle coalescence transmission layer, an oil-water separation film layer, and a pulley transmission assembly, An overflow pipe, an oil storage tank and a waste water tank; the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are connected to the container, and the filter screen, the grease coalescence layer, the spindle coalescence transmission layer and the oil-water separation film layer are all arranged in the In the container, the water inlet pipe is connected to the bottom of the grease coalescing layer through a funnel-shaped inlet; the spindle coalescence transmission layer is connected to the grease coalescing layer through the dense mesh of the grease coalescing layer; the The spindle coalescing transmission layer is distributed in a conical shape, and is gathered and fixed on the annular edge of the oil-water separation film layer; the pulley transmission assembly is arranged at the opening of the container, and the pulley transmission assembly The overflow pipe is connected with the oil storage tank; the outlet pipe is connected with the waste water tank.

As the improvement of above-mentioned technical scheme, further technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

Further, the height of the outlet of the water outlet pipe is lower than the height of the overflow pipe.

The function of this design is that in the process of wastewater flowing, while collecting grease, it can remove the wastewater without grease, so that the oil-water separation process can be carried out continuously and automatically.

Further, the above-mentioned grease coalescing layer is filled with a hydrophobic, lipophilic and non-oil-sticking sheet, and is distributed inside the grease coalescing layer in the shape of a sawtooth strip parallel to the ground, wherein the upper tip of the sawtooth has holes, and the lower tip of the sawtooth has holes. , the aperture of the lower tip opening is slightly larger than the aperture of the upper tip opening.

Among them, the upper tip of the sawtooth is open to facilitate oil droplets to enter the coalescing transmission layer of the spindle body, and the lower tip of the sawtooth is open to facilitate the settlement of fine solids.

Further, the above-mentioned coalescing mechanism used in the grease coalescing layer is a serrated thin plate made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

Further, the above-mentioned filter screen is arranged close to the bottom surface of the grease accumulation layer.

Further, the above-mentioned spindle coalescing transmission layer is formed by stretching fine high-strength filaments and presents in the form of spindles in the oil-water separation device to form a dense wire mesh.

Further, the bottom of the container is connected to the bottom of the waste water tank through a residue removal pipe.

A combined food waste wastewater oil-water separation method, the method uses the above-mentioned combined food waste wastewater oil-water separation device, the method includes the following steps:

(1) Oily catering wastewater enters the oil-water separation device through a funnel-shaped inlet, and enters the grease coalescing layer after being filtered by a filter located at the bottom of the grease coalescing layer. Oil droplets can pass through smoothly, and the downward tip of the serrated thin plate is densely opened to allow tiny solid particles to settle smoothly;

(2) The separated wastewater enters the spindle coalescing transport layer again, and the oil droplets in the wastewater quickly gather on the fibrils, and go up along the fibrils to coalesce at the oil-water separation membrane, and then pass through the oil-water separation membrane layer to remove Excess water, the materials used in the oil-water separation film layer are nano-materials, which have the characteristics of lipophilicity and hydrophobicity. At the same time, the nano-microporous structure of the ultra-fine surface has different adhesion characteristics to water and oil droplets, so that the oil droplets can flow smoothly. It is difficult for water to pass through, so as to achieve the purpose of oil-water separation;

(3) The grease that passes through the oil-water separation film layer reaches the top of the oil-water separation device, and the grease that removes most of the water flows into the oil storage tank from the overflow pipe at the top of the oil-water separation device, and the excess grease is transported to the oil storage tank through the pulley oil delivery device Subsequent treatment is carried out in the tank, in which the large-size solid particles in the wastewater cannot pass through the filter screen and deposit at the bottom of the oil-water separation device, and are discharged into the wastewater tank through the residue removal pipe.

The invention couples technologies such as filtration, oil coalescence, spindle fibril oil coalescence, oil-water separation membrane, belt wheel transmission, etc., and forms a new high-efficiency oil-water separation technology.

Oil coalescence technology mainly relies on special coalescing fillers to complete the process of oil aggregation, and uses porous tortuous flow channels to increase the chance of coalescence of oil droplets and effectively improve separation efficiency. When the fluid passes through the coalescing area, the small droplets in it escape the coalescing mechanism because they do not collide with the coalescing material, while the larger droplets can be captured by the coalescing material and continue to collide with other large droplets Larger droplets are formed, and eventually the droplets coalesce to become large enough to rise to the surface and separate from the water. The capture and coalescence of grease droplets is a continuous process. Under the condition of a certain structure of the oil-water separation device, the use of a suitable coalescence mechanism can make full use of the characteristics of the flow channel and the flow rate, and can maximize the effect of oil-water separation. The coalescing mechanism used in the present invention is a sawtooth thin plate made of polytetrafluoroethylene material. The sawtooth thin plates are stacked inside the inverted V-shaped oil coalescing layer, and the arrangement is not inverted V but parallel to the ground. The design can cooperate with the dense opening of the upward tip of the serrated thin plate to allow oil droplets to pass smoothly, and the dense opening of the downward tip of the serrated thin plate to allow the fine solid particles to settle smoothly, while the aperture of the lower end is slightly larger than the upper end. The purpose of the pore size is to facilitate the coalescence and floating of oil droplets and the aggregation and settlement of solid particles.

The spindle fibril oil coalescing method of the present invention is inspired by the spindle body, which is the carrier form of human genetic material. The principle is: high-strength hydrophobic, lipophilic and oil-free fine filaments gather together to form the basic framework of the spindle body. The two ends are bound on the mesh base of different apertures, forming a conical radial shape overall, with a small exit area at the upper end and a large entrance area at the lower end. Continuously extend the fine fibrils to form a dense oblique fibril network, so that oil droplets can collide to the greatest extent in this network, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of oil-water separation.

The oil-water separation film layer technology adopts the new principle of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology is the mainstream of high-tech in the world today. It has been applied to all aspects of life and has broad application prospects. This invention uses the principle of nanotechnology and applies it to catering for the first time. The field of oil-water separation of wastewater in order to achieve the effect of oil-water separation. The hydrophobic, lipophilic and oil-free material with extremely low surface energy is sprayed on the microporous mesh by spraying technology to form a nanostructured mesh with a combination of micron and nanometer sizes, which has a very large contact angle for water. Extremely hydrophobic and highly lipophilic, oil droplets can quickly penetrate the membrane pores, while water droplets are not easy to penetrate, so oil-water separation is realized.

The pulley transmission component utilizes the principle of pulley conveying, but applying it to the field of oil-water separation requires the selection of a good conveyor belt, which is required to have the characteristics of hydrophobic, oleophilic and sticky oil. It is completely different from the previous hydrophobic, oleophilic and oil-free materials. At the same time, the conveyor belt is required to be able to effectively drain water droplets when it is working, which requires a reasonable design of the pulley transmission device to solve these problems. The invention adopts a conveyor belt with oblique stripes, and its material is hydrophobic, lipophilic and sticky oil material. During the transmission of this kind of conveyor belt, the moisture will quickly flow down the conveyor belt along the oblique stripes, while the grease will firmly adhere to the conveyor belt, and finally the grease will be collected into the oil storage tank through a special oil scraping device.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: compared with the prior art, the oil-water separation technology of the present invention is coupled with technologies such as oil coalescence, spindle filament oil coalescence, oil-water separation film, and pulley transmission, forming an efficient oil-water separation technology. The new separation technology is original and has broad application prospects in the field of catering wastewater treatment. It also provides a very important technical reference for oil-water separation in other industries.

[Description of drawings]

Accompanying drawing is the structural representation of the present invention.

[Detailed ways]

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

As shown in the drawings, the present embodiment includes a container 12 with an open top, a water inlet pipe 1, an outlet pipe 2, a filter screen 3, a grease coalescing layer 4, a spindle coalescence transmission layer 5, an oil-water separation film layer 6, a belt Wheel transmission assembly 7, overflow pipe 8, oil storage tank 9 and waste water tank 11; water inlet pipe 1 and water outlet pipe 2 communicate with the container 12, filter screen 3, grease coalescing layer 4, spindle body coalescing transmission layer 5 and The oil-water separation film layers 6 are all arranged in the container 12, and the water inlet pipe 1 is connected to the bottom of the grease coalescence layer 4 through a funnel-shaped inlet; the spindle coalescence transmission layer 5 and the grease coalescence layer 4 pass through the grease coalescence layer 4 The dense mesh of the spindle is connected; the spindle coalescing transmission layer 5 is conically distributed, and is gathered and fixed on the annular edge of the oil-water separation film layer 6; the pulley transmission assembly 7 is arranged at the opening of the container 12, and the belt The wheel transmission assembly 7 and the overflow pipe 8 communicate with the oil storage tank 9 ; the outlet pipe 2 communicates with the waste water tank 11 .

The outlet height of the water outlet pipe 2 is lower than the height of the overflow pipe 8 . The function of this design is that in the process of wastewater flowing, while collecting grease, it can remove the wastewater without grease, so that the oil-water separation process can be carried out continuously and automatically.

The grease coalescing layer 4 of the present embodiment is filled with hydrophobic, lipophilic and oil-free sheets, and is distributed in the inside of the grease coalescing layer 4 in the shape of a zigzag band parallel to the ground, wherein the upper tip of the sawtooth has holes, and the lower tip of the sawtooth Opening, the aperture of the lower tip opening is slightly larger than the aperture of the upper tip opening.

The upper tip of the sawtooth is open to facilitate oil droplets entering the spindle coalescing transmission layer 5, and the lower tip of the sawtooth is open to facilitate fine solids to settle.

The coalescing mechanism used in the grease coalescing layer 4 of this embodiment is a serrated thin plate made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

The filter screen 3 of this embodiment is arranged close to the bottom surface of the grease coalescing layer 4 .

The spindle coalescing transmission layer 5 of this embodiment is formed by stretching fine high-strength filaments, and presents in the form of spindles in the oil-water separation device to form a dense wire mesh.

The bottom of the container 12 in this embodiment communicates with the bottom of the waste water tank 11 through a residue removal pipe 10 .

The method of this embodiment uses the above-mentioned combined food waste wastewater oil-water separation device, and the method includes the following steps:

(1) Oily catering wastewater enters the oil-water separation device through a funnel-shaped inlet, and enters the grease coalescing layer after being filtered by a filter located at the bottom of the grease coalescing layer. Oil droplets can pass through smoothly, and the downward tip of the serrated thin plate is densely opened to allow tiny solid particles to settle smoothly;

(2) The separated wastewater enters the spindle coalescing transport layer again, and the oil droplets in the wastewater quickly gather on the fibrils, and go up along the fibrils to coalesce at the oil-water separation membrane, and then pass through the oil-water separation membrane layer to remove Excess water, the materials used in the oil-water separation film layer are nano-materials, which have the characteristics of lipophilicity and hydrophobicity. At the same time, the nano-microporous structure of the ultra-fine surface has different adhesion characteristics to water and oil droplets, so that the oil droplets can flow smoothly. It is difficult for water to pass through, so as to achieve the purpose of oil-water separation;

(3) The grease that passes through the oil-water separation film layer reaches the top of the oil-water separation device, and the grease that removes most of the water flows into the oil storage tank from the overflow pipe at the top of the oil-water separation device, and the excess grease is transported to the oil storage tank through the pulley oil delivery device Subsequent treatment is carried out in the tank, in which the large-size solid particles in the wastewater cannot pass through the filter screen and deposit at the bottom of the oil-water separation device, and are discharged into the wastewater tank through the residue removal pipe.

In this embodiment, technologies such as filtration, oil coalescence, spindle filament oil coalescence, oil-water separation membrane, and pulley transmission are coupled to form an efficient oil-water separation technology.

Oil coalescence technology mainly relies on special coalescing fillers to complete the process of oil aggregation, and uses porous tortuous flow channels to increase the chance of coalescence of oil droplets and effectively improve separation efficiency. When the fluid passes through the coalescing area, the small droplets in it escape the coalescing mechanism because they do not collide with the coalescing material, while the larger droplets can be captured by the coalescing material and continue to collide with other large droplets Larger droplets are formed, and eventually the droplets coalesce to become large enough to rise to the surface and separate from the water. The capture and coalescence of grease droplets is a continuous process. Under the condition of a certain structure of the oil-water separation device, the use of a suitable coalescence mechanism can make full use of the characteristics of the flow channel and the flow rate, and can maximize the effect of oil-water separation. The coalescing mechanism used in the present invention is a sawtooth thin plate made of polytetrafluoroethylene material. The sawtooth thin plates are stacked inside the inverted V-shaped oil coalescing layer, and the arrangement is not inverted V but parallel to the ground. The design can cooperate with the dense opening of the upward tip of the serrated thin plate to allow oil droplets to pass smoothly, and the dense opening of the downward tip of the serrated thin plate to allow the fine solid particles to settle smoothly, while the aperture of the lower end is slightly larger than the upper end. The purpose of the pore size is to facilitate the coalescence and floating of oil droplets and the aggregation and settlement of solid particles.

The spindle fibril oil coalescing method of the present invention is inspired by the spindle body, which is the carrier form of human genetic material. The principle is: high-strength hydrophobic, lipophilic and oil-free fine filaments gather together to form the basic framework of the spindle body. The two ends are bound on the mesh base of different apertures, forming a conical radial shape overall, with a small exit area at the upper end and a large entrance area at the lower end. Continuously extend the fine fibrils to form a dense oblique fibril network, so that oil droplets can collide to the greatest extent in this network, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of oil-water separation.

The oil-water separation film layer technology adopts the new principle of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology is the mainstream of high-tech in the world today. It has been applied to all aspects of life and has broad application prospects. This invention uses the principle of nanotechnology and applies it to catering for the first time. The field of oil-water separation of wastewater in order to achieve the effect of oil-water separation. The hydrophobic, lipophilic and oil-free material with extremely low surface energy is sprayed on the microporous mesh by spraying technology to form a nanostructured mesh with a combination of micron and nanometer sizes, which has a very large contact angle for water. Extremely hydrophobic and highly lipophilic, oil droplets can quickly penetrate the membrane pores, while water droplets are not easy to penetrate, so oil-water separation is realized.

The pulley transmission component utilizes the principle of pulley conveying, but applying it to the field of oil-water separation requires the selection of a good conveyor belt, which is required to have the characteristics of hydrophobic, oleophilic and sticky oil. It is completely different from the previous hydrophobic, oleophilic and oil-free materials. At the same time, the conveyor belt is required to be able to effectively drain water droplets when it is working, which requires a reasonable design of the pulley transmission device to solve these problems. The invention adopts a conveyor belt with oblique stripes, and its material is hydrophobic, lipophilic and sticky oil material. During the transmission of this kind of conveyor belt, the moisture will quickly flow down the conveyor belt along the oblique stripes, while the grease will firmly adhere to the conveyor belt, and finally the grease will be collected into the oil storage tank through a special oil scraping device.

Several examples are given below to illustrate the effect of this embodiment, but the scope of the claims of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1: The source of waste water is waste water after solid-liquid separation of kitchen waste in a certain restaurant. Before entering the oil-water separation device, the oil content in the waste water is 5% (w/v). After being treated by the oil-water separator, the oil content in the effluent is 0.3%. The rate is 94%.

Example 2: The source of waste water is waste water after solid-liquid separation of kitchen waste in a certain canteen. Before entering the oil-water separation device, the oil content in the waste water was 4.7% (w/v), and after being treated by the oil-water separator, the oil content in the effluent was 0.4%. The removal rate was 91%.

Example 3: The source of wastewater is catering wastewater from a hotel. Before entering the oil-water separator, the oil content in the wastewater was 2.7% (w/v). After being treated by the oil-water separator, the oil content in the effluent was 0.19%, and the oil removal rate was 93%.

Example 4: The source of wastewater is catering wastewater from a certain hotel. Before entering the oil-water separator, the oil content in the wastewater was 3.3% (w/v). After being treated by the oil-water separator, the oil content in the effluent was 0.26%, and the oil removal rate was 92%.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention. If the modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (8)

1. a built-up type kitchen garbage, waste-water oily-water seperating equipment is characterized in that: comprise the container of a top end opening, water inlet pipe, rising pipe, filter screen, the coalescent layer of grease, the coalescent transport layer of spindle body, oily water separation thin film layer, the belt wheel transmission assembly, upflow tube, storage tank and waste water tank; Described water inlet pipe and rising pipe are communicated in this container, described filter screen, and the coalescent layer of grease, coalescent transport layer of spindle body and oily water separation thin film layer all are located in this container, and described water inlet pipe inserts the coalescent layer of grease below by funnel-form inlet; The coalescent transport layer of described spindle body is connected with the fine and close mesh of the coalescent layer of grease by the coalescent layer of this grease; The coalescent transport layer of described spindle body is coniform distribution, and draws in and be fixed on the ring edge of described oily water separation thin film layer; Described belt wheel transmission assembly is located at the opening part of described container, and this belt wheel transmission assembly and upflow tube are communicated with storage tank; Described rising pipe is communicated in waste water tank.

2. a kind of built-up type kitchen garbage, waste-water oily-water seperating equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described rising pipe go out the height that open height is lower than described upflow tube.

3. a kind of built-up type kitchen garbage, waste-water oily-water seperating equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the coalescent layer of described grease is filled with the sheet material of hydrophobic oleophylic oily dirt free, and being the sawtooth band shape is parallel to ground to be distributed in the coalescent layer of grease inner, the wherein most advanced and sophisticated perforate in the top of sawtooth, the most advanced and sophisticated perforate in the bottom of sawtooth, the aperture of the most advanced and sophisticated perforate in bottom is slightly larger than the aperture of the most advanced and sophisticated perforate in top.

4. a kind of built-up type kitchen garbage, waste-water oily-water seperating equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the employed coalescent mechanism of the coalescent layer of described grease is the spination thin plate that polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material constitutes.

5. a kind of built-up type kitchen garbage, waste-water oily-water seperating equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the bottom surface that described filter screen is close to the coalescent layer of described grease is provided with.

6. a kind of built-up type kitchen garbage, waste-water oily-water seperating equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the coalescent transport layer of described spindle body is stretched by trickle high strength fibril and forms, in oily-water seperating equipment, present, constitute fine and close silk screen with the spindle body form.

7. a kind of built-up type kitchen garbage, waste-water oily-water seperating equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described container bottom is communicated in described waste water tank bottom by a residue purger.

8. built-up type kitchen garbage, waste-water oil-water separation method, described method has been used described a kind of built-up type kitchen garbage, waste-water oily-water seperating equipment according to claim 1-7, and it is characterized in that: described method comprises the steps:

(1) the oil-containing food and drink waste water enters oily-water seperating equipment by funnelform inlet, through entering the coalescent layer of grease behind the strainer filtering that is positioned at the coalescent layer of grease bottom surface, the most advanced and sophisticated intensive perforate that spination thin plate in the coalescent layer of grease makes progress is so that oil droplet can pass through smoothly, and the most advanced and sophisticated intensive perforate that the spination thin plate is downward is so that the sedimentation smoothly of small solid particulate matter;

(2) waste water after the separation enters the coalescent transport layer of spindle body again, oil droplet in the waste water is gathered on the fibril rapidly, and it is coalescent to go upward to oily water separation film place along fibril, see through the oily water separation thin film layer then and remove redundant moisture, the employed material of oily water separation thin film layer is a nano material, characteristic with oleophilic drainage, the nanometer micropore structure on while superfine surface, water and oil droplet had different adhesion characteristics, make oil droplet can be smoothly by water then be difficult to by, thereby reach the purpose of oily water separation;

(3) grease by the oily water separation thin film layer then arrives the oily-water seperating equipment top, the grease of removing most of moisture flows into storage tank at the oily-water seperating equipment top by upflow tube, unnecessary grease is transported to by the belt wheel fuel delivery device and carries out follow-up processing in the storage tank, wherein the big particle diameter solid particulate matter in the waste water can't in the bottom deposit of oily-water seperating equipment, enter in the waste water tank by the residue purger by filter screen.

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