CN102225416A - Method and device for treating garbage - Google Patents
Method and device for treating garbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN102225416A CN102225416A CN 201110093745 CN201110093745A CN102225416A CN 102225416 A CN102225416 A CN 102225416A CN 201110093745 CN201110093745 CN 201110093745 CN 201110093745 A CN201110093745 A CN 201110093745A CN 102225416 A CN102225416 A CN 102225416A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for treating garbage. The method comprises the following steps of breaking garbage, dehydrating the broken garbage, winnowing the dehydrated garbage to separate them into matters with a large specific gravity, matters with a middle specific gravity, matters with a low specific gravity, dust and their mixtures, winnowing further the mixtures obtained from the previous step to separate them into matters with a large specific gravity, matters with a middle specific gravity, matters with a low specific gravity and dust, putting the matters which have respectively a middle specific gravity and a low specific gravity and are winnowed by the above steps into a solution to carry out a flotation process to separate further the matters into different substances. The device for treating garbage comprises a garbage breaking device, a garbage dehydrating device, a garbage winnowing device and a garbage flotation device. Through the method and the device, household garbage and medical garbage of which treatments are difficult greatly can be carried out processes of treatment, classification, recovery and utilization thus problems of pollution and land occupation of garbage are solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is about a kind of waste disposal method and device thereof, especially about the processing method and the device of a kind of life, medical waste.
Background technology
Rubbish can be recycled by classification.The difficult classification of house refuse, classification is carried germ because of it though medical waste is not difficult, so above-mentioned two kinds of rubbish are not easy to be recycled.To this two classes rubbish, at present, adopt the way of landfill or burning to handle mostly.
Landfill needs land occupation.In the big city of an inch of land is an inch of gold, a large amount of land occupation resources lose more than gain.If it is bad that the landfill yard infiltration is handled, also may the polluted underground water source.Landfill also may produce the biogas atmosphere pollution, causes adverse effect.
The waste incineration meeting produces pernicious gases such as bioxin, and infringement human body health also has very big infringement to animal and plant.
In order to solve the defective of above-mentioned processing house refuse, No. 03150530.9 patent application of China has proposed, and earlier with refuse breaking, adopts selection by winnowing then, and the magnetic separation mode is divided into organic matter, inorganic matter and plastics three major types with rubbish, recycles respectively then.But selection by winnowing can only be separated the material of different specific weight, material can not be separated by character.And the organic matter water content is higher in the garbage substance, carries out selection by winnowing without dehydration, be difficult to its with the anharmonic ratio heavy substance, in than heavy substance or gently separate than heavy substance.So after this method selection by winnowing, differing surely saidly can be divided into rubbish organic matter, inorganic matter and plastics three major types as it.In addition, this method flow complexity, required installations are more, and cost is also higher.
No. 200810228126.9 patent applications of China have proposed a kind of processing method of house refuse.This method is that the rubbish after the manual go-on-go is carried out magnetic separation with magnetic separator, and last organic matter is sent into the methane-generating pit fermentation, produces biogas, the methane-generating pit dry carries out centrifugal dehydration after discharging, and sends into kiln dried then, pulverize afterwards, with the particulate matter brickmaking after pulverizing.This method is the same with No. 03150530.9 patent application, the material in the rubbish completely can not be classified.
Summary of the invention
Animal bone, fishbone, throwaway chopsticks, cutlery box, dish leaf, polybag, napkin paper even small electric apparatus, metal object, packing material, fibre object, battery, stone or the like are arranged, very bad classification in the house refuse.For non-classified rubbish good utilisation not.The classification though medical waste is not difficult has various viruses, bacterium in this class rubbish, so also bad as the utilization of resources.
The present invention is directed to this class rubbish, designed a cover processing method and a device thereof.This method is to utilize means such as fragmentation, dehydration, selection by winnowing, flotation with above-mentioned house refuse, medical waste treatment classification, with the purpose that realizes recycling.This device comprises breaker, dewater unit, pneumatic separation device, flotation unit etc.
The kind waste disposal method that the embodiment of the invention provides comprises:
With refuse breaking;
With the garbage dewatering after the fragmentation;
Rubbish after the dehydration is carried out selection by winnowing first time, rubbish is divided into: anharmonic ratio heavy substance, anharmonic ratio heavy substance and in than the compounding substances of heavy substance, in than heavy substance, in than heavy substance and gently than the compounding substances of heavy substance, gently than heavy substance, light compounding substances and dust than heavy substance and dust;
With the anharmonic ratio heavy substance and in than the compounding substances of heavy substance, in than heavy substance and gently than the compounding substances of heavy substance, gently than the compounding substances of heavy substance and dust, carry out the selection by winnowing second time respectively, it be divided into: the anharmonic ratio heavy substance, in than heavy substance, gently than heavy substance, dust;
With the first time selection by winnowing and for the second time selection by winnowing elect in than heavy substance, with the first time selection by winnowing and for the second time selection by winnowing elect gently put into solution respectively and carry out flotation than heavy substance, so that different material is wherein further separated.
The kind refuse disposal system that the embodiment of the invention provides comprises:
The refuse breaking device is used for refuse breaking;
The garbage dewatering device is arranged at after the refuse breaking device, is used for the garbage dewatering after the fragmentation;
Rubbish air blasting device, be arranged at after the garbage dewatering device, be used for the rubbish after the dehydration is carried out selection by winnowing, select anharmonic ratio heavy substance, anharmonic ratio heavy substance and in than the compounding substances of heavy substance, in than heavy substance, in than heavy substance and gently than the compounding substances of heavy substance, gently than heavy substance, gently than the compounding substances and the dust of heavy substance and dust; And anharmonic ratio heavy substance that will be wherein and in than the compounding substances of heavy substance, in than heavy substance with gently than the compounding substances of heavy substance, gently the compounding substances than heavy substance and dust carries out selection by winnowing once more;
The rubbish flotation unit is arranged at after the rubbish air blasting device, be used for to selection by winnowing tell than heavy substance, gently carry out flotation than heavy substance.
In one embodiment of the invention, flotation is divided into the two-stage flotation, is called one-level flotation and secondary flotation.The one-level flotation with in than heavy substance and gently separating than floating thing in the heavy substance and precipitum.The secondary flotation with the one-level FLOTATION SEPARATION go out in than heavy substance and gently than the floating thing in the heavy substance separately again through the immersion of a period of time, thereby it is separated into floating thing, suspension and precipitum.
In one embodiment of the invention, to the one-level FLOTATION SEPARATION go out in than heavy substance precipitum, carry out the secondary flotation.
Advantage of the present invention is, seizes at modern society's garbage-surrounded city, refuse pollution, rubbish under the situation of land resource, and the present invention comes to naught rubbish, solved the problem that refuse pollution, rubbish take up an area of; The present invention fully recycles the resource in the most unmanageable rubbish.Solved the problem of house refuse, medical waste resource bad recycling.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below, obviously, accompanying drawing in describing below only is part embodiment of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the waste disposal method flow chart that one embodiment of the invention provides;
Fig. 2 is the waste disposal method flow chart that one embodiment of the invention provides;
Fig. 3 is the waste disposal method flow chart that one embodiment of the invention provides;
Fig. 4 is the flotation flowsheet figure in the waste disposal method that provides of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of the refuse disposal system that provides of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the part schematic diagram of the refuse disposal system that provides of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the conveyer schematic diagram of the refuse disposal system that provides of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the pneumatic separation device schematic diagram of the refuse disposal system that provides of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the floation tank of the refuse disposal system that provides of one embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 is the flotation of the refuse disposal system that provides of one embodiment of the invention tank schematic diagram that flows.
The specific embodiment
In one embodiment of the invention, the firsts and seconds floatation equipment is the pond.
In one embodiment of the invention, the one-level floation tank is the tank that flows.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the mobile tank of one-level flotation further comprises extension and filter screen of a current quantizer.Current quantizer extension is arranged on the afterbody of current quantizer, its shape and tank are same or similar, its width and tank width are same or similar, and its height is identical or close with cell wall more than the current quantizer of mobile tank, and filter screen is arranged on after the delivery port of lower floor's current.
The secondary flotation unit has at least one flotation pond and at least one fishing device.Fishing device can be upper strata mesh screen, scraping blade, crowfoot, bamboo strainer, grab bucket or drag for a kind of or several combination arbitrarily in the bucket.Upper strata mesh screen, scraping blade or drag for bucket be arranged on versatilely the pond liquid level below at least 5 centimetres from the place more than at least 5 centimetres at the bottom of the pond, the upper wire compass screen surface is long-pending to be equated with pond liquid level area approximately, scraping blade, drag for bucket length roughly with the pond openend width equate, drag for collude, bamboo strainer or grab bucket be arranged on pond top versatilely, stretch into when needing and fish for suspension or flexible material in the pond.
Secondary flotation pond has an openend, openend is arranged on one side of the arbitrary leg in the leg of four sides, pond, the leg of openend is lower than other three legs, but be higher than pond liquid level or parallel with liquid level, an openend extension is arranged in the outside of openend leg, the top of said extension equates with the height of openend leg, on the leg of openend both sides, be horizontally disposed with two slide rails, prolong two side enclosure wall from the leg relative and extend to openend always with openend, slide rail is arranged under the liquid level of pond below 5 centimetres the place at least 5 centimetres at the bottom of the pond at least, the top, horizontal of slide rail side direction openend extension in the openend leg or tilt to extend termination until the openend extension, both sides in the termination of openend extension are provided with two transmission devices, transmission device passes through chain, a kind of pulling upper strata mesh screen in belt or the wirerope, scraping blade or drag for bucket, the upper strata mesh screen, scraping blade or the two side ends of dragging for bucket are connected on the slide rail.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the one-level floatation equipment is a flotation pond.This pond and secondary flotation pond are basic identical, have just participated in a bottom mesh screen and drive unit thereof.The bottom mesh screen is arranged near the place at the bottom of the pond, but has 5 centimetres distance at the bottom of the Ying Yuchi at least.The underlying network compass screen surface is long-pending to be equated with pond liquid level area approximately.The bottom mesh screen has a lifting drive.A kind of by in the transmission devices such as wirerope, chain, belt of lifting drive with the pull-up of bottom mesh screen.In order not intersect interference with the drive unit of upper strata mesh screen, one-level flotation pond can be adopted the design of double wall formula or in the suitable position of pool wall some vertical holes is set.The transmission device of the lifting drive of bottom mesh screen can be arranged in the double wall or vertical hole in.The relevant position of pool wall is provided with some vertical slide rail.The bottom mesh screen is sat and is associated on the slide rail.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that is obtained under the creative work prerequisite.
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of waste disposal method, and Fig. 2 has then disclosed the method for present embodiment more intuitively, comprising:
Step S101 is with refuse breaking;
Step S103 is with the garbage dewatering after the fragmentation;
Step S105, rubbish after the dehydration is carried out selection by winnowing first time, rubbish is divided into: anharmonic ratio heavy substance, anharmonic ratio heavy substance and in than the compounding substances of heavy substance, in than heavy substance, in than heavy substance and gently than the compounding substances of heavy substance, gently than heavy substance, light compounding substances and dust than heavy substance and dust;
Step S107, with the anharmonic ratio heavy substance and in than the compounding substances of heavy substance, in than heavy substance and gently than the compounding substances of heavy substance, gently than the compounding substances of heavy substance and dust, carry out the selection by winnowing second time respectively, it be divided into: the anharmonic ratio heavy substance, in than heavy substance, gently than heavy substance, dust;
Step S109, with the first time selection by winnowing and for the second time selection by winnowing elect in than heavy substance, with the first time selection by winnowing and for the second time selection by winnowing elect gently put into solution respectively and carry out flotation than heavy substance, so that different material is wherein further separated.
Among the step S101 with refuse breaking, be in order to make the Bottle ﹠ Can fragmentation in the rubbish, make the liquid that wherein may exist trickle out, or the air that is closed wherein to discharge, the rubbish that wraps in the polybag is come out, with the roughly uniform piece of the refuse breaking one-tenth of bulk.In thermal dehydration is subsequently handled, can make all rubbish in the same processing time like this, be dewatered to same degree.Refuse breaking can be adopted an impact crusher.Impact crusher can be with container fragmentations such as the vial in the rubbish, plastic bottle, aluminium pots, the liquid substance that may exist in the container is flowed out, and the gas that will be enclosed in the Bottle ﹠ Can discharges, so that dehydration and flotation processing become fritter with refuse breaking simultaneously.Broken rubbish also can adopt an impact crusher and a cutter.The impact crusher main purpose is with container fragmentations such as vial, plastic bottles, and the liquid substance that may exist in the container is flowed out; Cutter can be cut the rubbish that makes wherein with packaging bag, polybag and come out, and with relatively large rubbish chopping.Broken rubbish can also only adopt the twin shaft of a similar shredder to stir the pulper of cutter formula.The twin shaft of this pulper can be obliquely installed, and makes to be difficult for being stirred wherein vial, plastic bottle, aluminium pot, metal derby, stone, relatively large rubbish etc. by volume,, reclaims in the lower end of stirring axle to lower slider with the angle of inclination, classifies again.Classification can be the manual sort again, also can adopt the device of riddler to classify.
Among the step S103 with the garbage dewatering after the fragmentation, be meant the material that contains moisture in the rubbish, mainly be organic matter, as dish leaf, bone, the food that abandons, and some containers in liquid, at high temperature or make it lose the former moisture that contains under the heated drying air.The degree of dehydration should reach 50% to 80% and get final product, and preferred degree of dehydration should reach about 60%.Degree of dehydration percentage is meant that certain material contains removed moisture part in the water inventory in the rubbish.Dehydration one selection by winnowing and the flotation that can make things convenient for subsequently, two dewater can kill bacterium and virus.
Dehydration can be adopted various dewaterings of the prior art, but preferably adopts heat treated way to make garbage dewatering.For example can adopt a kind of or several combination arbitrarily in Electric heating, burner mode of heating, heated drying air mode of heating, waste heat of plant or the waste heat mode, also can use drying tower.Wherein, Electric heating can comprise: a kind of or several combination arbitrarily in microwave heating, electric furnace mode of heating, the lamp heated mode.
Paper may be the most incendive material in house refuse.Paper generally will burn more than 300 ℃, so the heating-up temperature in when dehydration generally should be controlled at below 300 ℃.For energy-conservation consideration, suggestion is made as heating-up temperature between 110 ℃ to 170 ℃ and is advisable in addition.It is to consider bacterium in the rubbish and virus are killed that heating-up temperature is arranged on 110 ℃, 170 ℃ be consider plastics can deliquescing between 170 ℃ to 250 ℃, fusing, may discharge toxic gas during plastic molting.If do not need thorough sterilization, also can adopt to be lower than 110 ℃ temperature.But for the consideration of acceleration dehydration, or when handling medical waste, need thorough kill bacteria and viral consideration, temperature can be located at higher temperature, between 170 ℃ to 300 ℃.In addition, also effective kill bacteria of the method that increases ultra violet lamp.
As shown in Figure 3, in further embodiment of this invention, waste disposal method also can comprise:
Step S100, S102: rubbish is carried out magnetic separation.
Before refuse breaking and/or after broken rubbish being carried out magnetic separation, is for ferrous metal in the rubbish and iron(-)clad battery are sorted out.In an embodiment of the present invention, magnetic separation can be adopted one section magnetic rubber to transmit and bring realization.
Step S105, the S107 rubbish after to dehydration carries out selection by winnowing, is to adopt blower fan that dried rubbish is dispelled, drop on the most nearby may be the heavier materials of proportion such as stone, glass, metal derby; Secondly may be to compare heavy substance in unit of plastic, wooden unit, batten, bone, cloth, the dry grain of rice etc.; In lighter than heavy substance, but heavier than dish leaf dry after paper, cloth, polybag, the dehydration, plastic foam etc. than metal, stone; May be that dish leaf dry after papery material, cloth metallic substance, polybag, the dehydration, plastic foam etc. are gently than heavy substance once more; Descend slowly and lightly farthest may be dust.
According to the material of the distance of blowing off after with selection by winnowing be divided into anharmonic ratio heavy substance, anharmonic ratio heavy substance and in than the compounding substances of heavy substance, in than heavy substance, in than heavy substance and gently than the compounding substances of heavy substance, gently than heavy substance, gently than the compounding substances and the dust of heavy substance and dust.Wherein, the anharmonic ratio heavy substance is as stone, glass, metal derby etc.; In than heavy substance, as plastics, wood materials, bone etc.; Gently than heavy substance, as paper, cloth, polybag, dry dish leaf etc.For between the anharmonic ratio heavy substance, in than heavy substance, gently than the mixture between heavy substance, light proportion, the adjacent two kinds of materials of dust once more selection by winnowing in the hope of with the anharmonic ratio heavy substance in the compounding substances, in than heavy substance, gently advance to open in one minute than heavy substance and dust.This selection by winnowing also can repeat repeatedly, but considers preferably once more selection by winnowing once or twice from the angle of cost and practical feasibility.
Among the step S109 to selection by winnowing go out in than heavy substance or gently can further carry out flotation than heavy substance.The different specific weight material is carried out flotation respectively.Flotation can be carried out once, also can carry out repeatedly.Can be called the one-level flotation to the flotation of carrying out for the first time, the flotation second time that the separator of one-level flotation is carried out can be called the secondary flotation, and the flotation for the third time that the separator of secondary flotation is carried out can be called three grades of flotation.The one-level flotation can be adopted flotation pond or mobile tank, and the secondary flotation is longer because of the time of soaking, so adopt the flotation pond better.If three grades of flotation modes are adopted in design, the soak time of secondary flotation also should be too not of a specified duration, and in this case, the secondary flotation also can adopt the mode of the tank that flows to carry out, and three grades of flotation soak times are longer, adopts the flotation pond for well.
The used solution of flotation can be other solution that water or foundation need.After flotation water used repeatedly, its salt alkali concn had institute and increases, and its buoyancy also can strengthen, and this helps becoming more meticulous of flotation, if can tell some suspended materials.
As shown in Figure 4, when using floation tank to carry out the one-level flotation, step 109 further comprised when centering was carried out flotation than heavy substance:
Step 411: with in be placed on than heavy substance in than in the heavy substance one-level floation tank;
Step 412: stagnate after 5 seconds to 1 minute, salvage the precipitum that floats over the floating substance in the solution and be sunken to the solution bottom respectively successively, reclaim precipitum;
Step 413: in will therefrom being placed on than the floating substance of salvaging in the heavy substance floation tank than in the heavy substance secondary floation tank;
Step 414: stagnate after at least 10 minutes, salvage floating substance that floats over the solution upper strata and the precipitum that is sunken to the solution bottom respectively successively, with the recovery of classifying.
When using floation tank to carry out the one-level flotation, step 109 further comprises when gently carrying out flotation than heavy substance:
Step 421: will gently be placed on gently than in the heavy substance one-level floation tank than heavy substance:
Step 422: stagnate after 5 to 30 seconds, salvage the precipitum that floats over the floating substance in the solution and be sunken to the solution bottom respectively successively, precipitum is recovered;
Step 423: will be placed on gently than in the heavy substance secondary floation tank than the floating substance of salvaging in the heavy substance floation tank on the lenient side
Step 424: stagnate after at least 5 minutes, salvage the precipitum that floats over floating substance, the suspended material on solution upper strata and be sunken to the solution bottom respectively successively.
When using the tank that flows to carry out the one-level flotation, step 109 further comprised when centering was carried out flotation than heavy substance:
Step S431: with in put into than the heavy substance one-level flotation tank that flows than heavy substance, by in the water side of flowing tank, the current quantizer is set, current are divided into upper strata current and lower floor's current, floating thing is flowed out with the upper strata current, be sunken to water-bed precipitum and flow out with lower floor's current;
Step S432: reclaim the precipitum that flows out with lower floor's current by filter screen;
Step S433: will be therefrom than heavy substance flotation flow the floating substance that flows out in the tank be placed in than in the heavy substance secondary floation tank;
Step S434: stagnate after at least 10 minutes, salvage floating substance that floats over the solution upper strata and the precipitum that is sunken to the solution bottom respectively successively.
When the tank that use to flow carried out the one-level flotation, step 109 further comprised when gently carrying out flotation than heavy substance:
Step S441: gently put into gently than the mobile tank of heavy substance one-level flotation than heavy substance, by in the water side of flowing tank, the current quantizer is set, current are divided into upper strata current and lower floor's current, floating thing is flowed out with the upper strata current, be sunken to water-bed precipitum and flow out with lower floor's current;
Step S442: reclaim the precipitum that flows out with lower floor's current by filter screen;
Step S443: will be placed on gently than in the heavy substance secondary floation tank than the floating substance that flows out in the mobile tank of heavy substance flotation on the lenient side;
Step S444: stagnate after at least 5 minutes, salvage the precipitum that floats over floating substance, the suspended material on solution upper strata and be sunken to the solution bottom respectively successively.
S411 to S413, S421 to S423, S431 to S432, S441 to S442 are the one-level flotation step in the above-mentioned steps, and S414 to S415, S424 to S425, S433 to S434, S443 to S444 are the secondary flotation step.
The longitudinal section of above-mentioned current quantizer is rectangle, taper or fusiformis, the width of this current separator is identical with the inwall width of tank, this current separator be arranged on current half position of diving, the current that flow out from the water distributor top will float on the material of solution surface derives, and carries out subordinate's flotation; The current that flow out from the water distributor below reclaim utility with the filter screen of material guiding that sinks to the bottom from filter screen.
In above-mentioned than heavy substance one-level floation tank, gently than heavy substance one-level floation tank, in than heavy substance secondary floation tank, gently can be 4 independently ponds than heavy substance secondary floation tank, also can be to be less than 4 ponds, use by the mode of timesharing.Same above-mentioned in than the flotation of heavy substance one-level flow tank and also can be 2 tanks that independently flow gently or 1 mobile tank of timesharing use than the heavy substance one-level flotation tank that flows.After in above-mentioned steps, can carrying out secondary continuously or salvaging floating substance and/or suspended material in the floation tank solution more than the secondary, reclaim the material that is sunken to the solution bottom again, the method that reclaims after for example can adopting and discharging water picks up rubbish, or the method that adopts the water pump suction to reclaim.
In the one-level flotation, putting into after the water than heavy substance medium, is that xyloid material, bone etc. are pulled out as early as possible with the material of bubbling through the water column.The time of pulling out should be about 30 seconds to 1 minute.Because bone, other organic matters etc. also can sink under water, be mixed in the plastic substance that sinks to the bottom bad separation after having suctioned moisture.
After the one-level flotation, after wood materials, bone, other organic matters etc. are sorted out, the compounding substances of wood materials, bone, other organic matters etc. is carried out a flotation (secondary flotation) again.Utilize bone and other organic matters to suction moisture and can sink afterwards, and the characteristics that wood materials is bubbled through the water column are all the time separated with bone material wood materials with other organic matters.During the secondary flotation, soak time can be longer, generally should be more than 10 minutes.After treating that bone material and other organic matters sink, again the wood materials of keeping afloat is pulled out.To sink to water-bed bone material and other organic matters then picks up.In than heavy substance after the secondary flotation, can be substantially with all kinds of materials separately, can classified use.
Gently than mainly constituting in the heavy substance by polybag, paper, cloth, little plastic sheet, plastic foam etc.During the one-level flotation, will all gently pour in the floation tank than heavy substance.Within general 30 seconds, the material that is about to keep afloat is pulled out.Generally speaking, mould sector-meeting for a short time and sink under water rapidly within 30 seconds, the dish leaf after paper, polybag, cloth, plastic foam, the dehydration etc. can be bubbled through the water column.After the paper of bubbling through the water column, polybag, cloth, plastic foam etc. are pulled out, the plastic sheet at the bottom of the pond is pulled out, or several times soak gently than after the heavy substance, the disposable plastic sheet that will be sunken at the bottom of the pond is pulled out again.
Gently, can carry out the secondary flotation at once than after the flotation of heavy substance one-level.The secondary flotation can be carried out in same floation tank, also can carry out in another floation tank.Preferably in another floation tank, carry out.If in same floation tank, carry out, need in advance demersal plastic sheet after the one-level flotation to be pulled out.
The polybag that floats on solution surface that the one-level flotation is pulled out, paper, dish leaf etc. are put into the secondary floation tank immediately.The paper or the cloth material that are what papery all can sink to the bottom or partly sink to the bottom more than 5 minutes in immersion.Polybag and some light plastics, plastic foam etc. float on solution surface all the time.So the one-level flotation was soaked the secondary floation tank about 5 minutes from the material that the water surface picks up, treat that whole or most of paperys, cloth material sink at the bottom of the pond or when being in half heavy suspended state, the materials such as polybag of bubbling through the water column are pulled out, subsequently papery, cloth material are pulled out separately.Can natural air drying for materials such as polybag, plastic foams, or carry out second dehydration; The papery material of pulling out for secondary flotation, cloth etc. preferably carry out second dehydration.
Because gently than also comprising some dehydration organic matters in the heavy substance, as dry vegetalbe leaf etc., if secondary flotation soak time is longer, this type organic thing also can sink to the bottom or become suspension after suctioning moisture, and mix with the paper handkerchief of paper that sinks to the bottom or suspension, not easily separated.Can carry out flotation for the third time (three grades of flotation) for this reason.Under the situation of carrying out three grades of flotation, the time of secondary flotation should lack, and generally should be no more than 5 minutes, is about to secondary flotation floating thing and salvages out, puts into three grades of floation tanks and carries out flotation.Three grades of flotation can be soaked 5 minutes to 2 hours.About organic matter and paper handkerchief can sink to the bottom or become suspension, polybag and some light plastics, plastic foam etc. floated on solution surface all the time in 2 hours.Salvage respectively three grades of flotation floating thing and sink to the bottom or suspended material.
Floatingly select gently than heavy substance, materials such as polybag, plastic foam can be used for the raw material of pyrolysis furnace, cracking is reduced to oil etc., materials such as papery, cloth matter can be used for papermaking etc., organic matter and paper handkerchief etc. can be used for compost or make biogas.
The present invention also provides a kind of refuse disposal system, the refuse disposal system frame diagram that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the invention, and refuse disposal system comprises:
Refuse breaking device 501 is used for refuse breaking;
Rubbish air blasting device 503, be arranged at after the garbage dewatering device, be used for the rubbish after the dehydration is carried out selection by winnowing, select anharmonic ratio heavy substance, anharmonic ratio heavy substance and in than the compounding substances of heavy substance, in than heavy substance, in than heavy substance and gently than the compounding substances of heavy substance, gently than heavy substance, gently than the compounding substances and the dust of heavy substance and dust; And anharmonic ratio heavy substance that will be wherein and in than the compounding substances of heavy substance, in than heavy substance with gently than the compounding substances of heavy substance, gently the compounding substances than heavy substance and dust carries out selection by winnowing once more;
Refuse disposal system can use conveyer to carry rubbish.As shown in Figure 6, conveyer 601 can be arranged at before the refuse breaking device 501, and between refuse breaking device 502 and the garbage dewatering device 503, conveyer 601 can be a conveyer belt.In one embodiment of the present invention, the conveyer belt of conveyer 601 can be the magnetic rubber material, ferrous metal in the rubbish can be sorted out from rubbish, battery sorting especially iron sheet or iron content comes out, in order to avoid cause battery pollution with garbage disposal.Each conveyer 601 following can be provided with a fixing scraper plate 602,602 times accommodating container can be set at scraper plate, the metallics in the rubbish can be separated like this, reclaims.Can be provided with a limit for height baffle plate on the conveyer belt of conveyer 601, rubbish is shakeout, so that it enters next treating apparatus equably.Being arranged at refuse breaking device 501 concentration equipment afterwards can reclaim having exposed the former ferrous metal material go-on-go that is present in some article inside of coming out behind the refuse breaking.
If the conveyer belt of conveyer 601 is longer, can expend more magnetic rubber conveyer belt, and in the long-distance transportation way, being adsorbed metallics may come off when no show scraper plate 602.As shown in Figure 7, another embodiment of the present invention has well overcome the problems referred to above.The conveyer belt of conveyer 601 is common conveyer belt, and the tail end connection 1 of conveyer belt is concentration equipment independently, as has the conveyer 603 of magnetic conveyer belt, is provided with scraper plate 602 on the conveyer 603 equally.
Refuse breaking device 501 in the refuse disposal system of the present invention can be made up of at least one strand cutter, or be made up of at least one impact crusher and at least one shear breaker.Garbage dewatering device 502 is electric heater unit, heated drying air heater, utilize a kind of or several combination arbitrarily in waste heat of plant or the waste heat device.Electric heater unit be a kind of in microwave heating equipment, infrared heating device, electric furnace heater or the lamp heated device or several combination arbitrarily.The garbage dewatering device also further comprises the ultra violet lamp device.
As shown in Figure 8, in one embodiment of the invention, rubbish air blasting device 503 comprises: blower fan 802, selection by winnowing passage 801, collection container 803 to 809.Blower fan 802 will blow out a segment distance along the selection by winnowing passage from the rubbish that the rubbish dispensing port 8011 of selection by winnowing passage 801 is cast, the material of different specific weight can fall into different collection containers, for example the anharmonic ratio heavy substance falls into collection container 803, the anharmonic ratio heavy substance and in fall into collection container 804 than the compounding substances of heavy substance, in fall into collection container 805 than heavy substance, in than heavy substance with gently fall into collection container 806 than the compounding substances of heavy substance, gently fall into collection container 807 than heavy substance, gently the compounding substances than heavy substance and dust falls into collection container 808, dust falls into collection container 809, and the end of selection by winnowing passage 801 can be provided with filter screen 8012 and come Chalk-dust filtering.Can with fall into respectively collection container 804,806,808 the anharmonic ratio heavy substance and than the compounding substances of heavy substance, than heavy substance and gently than the compounding substances of heavy substance, gently the compounding substances than heavy substance and dust drops into from rubbish dispensing port 8011 respectively, so that compounding substances is further separated.The anharmonic ratio heavy substance falls into collection container 803, anharmonic ratio heavy substance and falls into collection container 804 and can be the end than the bottom that heavy substance falls into collection container 805 than the compounding substances of heavy substance, and opening is set at lowest part, the opening below can be provided with the pneumatic separator that compounding substances is further separated, and also can use conveyer belt transportation said mixture matter to the next stage pneumatic separator.
The flotation unit 504 of refuse disposal system of the present invention comprises: at least one floation tank, be used for rubbish air blasting device select than heavy substance and gently be contained in respectively in the flotation solution than heavy substance, with with in than heavy substance with gently separate than the different material in the heavy substance, the degree of depth of floation tank should be more than 30 centimetres; At least one fishing device, be used for layering respectively salvage floation tank in than heavy substance with gently than heavy substance.
In an embodiment of the present invention, need carry out 2 flotation, be one-level flotation and secondary flotation, floation tank can comprise: at least one one-level floation tank, be used for rubbish air blasting device select than heavy substance and gently be contained in respectively in the flotation solution than heavy substance, with in than heavy substance with gently separate than the different material in the heavy substance; At least one secondary floation tank is used for further separating the proportion material floats thing salvaged from the one-level floation tank and the different material the light proportion material floats thing.Wherein, the one-level floation tank comprises: in one than heavy substance one-level floation tank and one gently than heavy substance one-level floation tank.The secondary floation tank comprises: a middle proportion material floats thing secondary floation tank is used for the proportion material floats thing that ccontaining one-level floatingly selects, with wherein different material separation; And a light proportion material floats thing secondary floation tank, be used for the light proportion material floats thing that ccontaining one-level floatingly selects, with wherein different material separation.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the one-level flotation unit can be the mobile tank of at least one one-level flotation, as shown in figure 10, the water side of mobile tank 110 has a current quantizer 111, the current that current quantizer 111 flows out the water side are divided into upper strata current and lower floor's current, current quantizer 111 is arranged on liquid level below 5 centimetres, and on 5 centimetres of tank bottom lands, the longitudinal section of current quantizer 111 is a rectangle, taper or fusiformis, mobile tank further comprises a mobile tank extension 112, be engaged in the end and the mobile tank sidewall end of current quantizer more than 111 of current quantizer 110, be used to draw the upper strata current.Floation tank is used for and will further separates with the floating thing that the upper strata current flow out from the tank extension that flows as the secondary floation tank.
Fishing device in the refuse disposal system is used to salvage the rubbish by above-mentioned floation tank and the mobile tank classification of flotation, and fishing device can comprise:
Floation tank floating thing fishing device, the floating thing fishing device comprises the upper strata mesh screen, scraping blade or drag for a kind of in the bucket, the upper strata mesh screen be arranged on versatilely one-level floation tank and secondary floation tank liquid level below at least 5 centimetres from the place more than at least 10 centimetres at the bottom of the pond, the upper wire compass screen surface is long-pending to be equated with pond liquid level area, upper strata mesh screen or also comprise the short cylindrical thing of some settings, be used to draw and hang floating rubbish, the upper strata mesh screen also further comprise the baffle plate of a setting, be arranged on the end of upper strata mesh screen, be used for when upper strata mesh screen pulling floating refuse, shelves push away floating refuse, scraping blade or drag for bucket and be arranged on the roughly parallel position of floation tank versatilely with liquid level, its lower edge is stretched under the liquid surface at least 5 centimetres, its upper edge exceeds at least 5 centimetres of liquid levels, can slide into the openend of floation tank from an end of floation tank, its length equates with the width of the openend of floation tank;
Floation tank suspension fishing device, suspension fishing device comprise a kind of or several combination arbitrarily in crowfoot, bamboo strainer, the grab bucket, are arranged on secondary floation tank top versatilely, stretch into when needing and fish for rubbish in the floation tank;
Floation tank precipitum fishing device, the precipitum fishing device comprises the bottom mesh screen, the bottom mesh screen is arranged at the bottom of the one-level floation tank pond versatilely or from being sieved to few place below 5 centimetres more than 5 centimetres and at the distance upper wire at the bottom of the pond, the mesh of bottom mesh screen is less than 1 square centimeter and greater than 0.1 square centimeter;
Mobile tank precipitum fishing device, the tank precipitum fishing device that flows comprises a filter screen, filter screen is arranged at the below at the lower layer of water outflow mouth of a river of current quantizer water side, is used to filter lower floor's current that flow out mobile tank water side.
As shown in Figure 9, one-level floation tank and secondary floation tank can comprise pond body body 901 and extend pond body 902 that pond body body 901 is square or cuboid, the degree of depth is not less than 30 centimetres, wherein a leg forms an opening a little less than other legs, extends the pond body in opening part and pond body body engagement.At the leg of opening both sides with extend two slide rails 903,904 that be arranged in parallel from left end to right-hand member level or inclination on the body of pond, upper strata mesh screen, scraping blade or the two side ends of dragging for bucket are connected on the slide rail 903,904, upper strata mesh screen, scraping blade or drag for the bucket lower end and be arranged under the floation tank liquid level below at least 5 centimetres, the position at the bottom of the pond at least 5 centimetres.Receiving before salvaging and be equipped with in the collection depression of the leg of the relative openend of pond body body, is example with scraping blade 905, and scraping blade 905 can be pliability rubber, when scraping floating thing, can tilt to depression 906 a little, extend pond body 902 and also can tilt, go out to prevent flotation fluid one.Scraping blade 905 can be accommodated in the depression 906 after the angle that reaches parallel with slide rail 903,904 is rotated in rotating shaft 907,908.
One-level floation tank and secondary floation tank also comprise transmission device, spur upper strata mesh screen, scraping blade back and forth or drag for bucket by a kind of in chain, belt or the wirerope interlock mode to move around on slide rail.The transmission device of one-level floation tank also comprises at least four vertical hanger ropes, rises and sedimentation bottom mesh screen in order to hang.The liquid level of one-level floation tank and secondary floation tank is not less than the height of a lower leg of pond body body.
In the one-level flotation, putting into after the floation tank than heavy substance medium, is that xyloid material, bone etc. are pulled out as early as possible with the material of bubbling through the water column.The time of pulling out should be about 30 seconds to 1 minute.Because bone, other organic matters etc. also can sink under water, be mixed in the plastic substance that sinks to the bottom bad separation after having suctioned moisture.
In the one-level flotation, when using floation tank, by upper strata mesh screen, scraping blade or drag for bucket, with in sort out than the wood materials in the heavy substance, bone, other organic matters etc. after, the compounding substances of wood materials, bone, other organic matters etc. is carried out a flotation (secondary flotation) again.Floating things such as the wood materials that flows out with the upper strata current when using the mobile tank of flotation then, bone, other organic matters can directly enter the secondary floation tank.Utilize bone and other organic matters to suction moisture and can sink afterwards, and the characteristics that wood materials is bubbled through the water column are all the time separated with bone material wood materials with other organic matters.During the secondary flotation, soak time can be longer, generally should be more than 10 minutes.After treating that bone material and other organic matters sink, again by upper strata mesh screen, scraping blade or drag for bucket the wood materials of keeping afloat is pulled out.To sink to water-bed bone material and other organic matters then picks up.In than heavy substance after the secondary flotation, can be substantially with all kinds of materials separately, with classified use.
Gently than mainly constituting in the heavy substance by polybag, paper, cloth, little plastic sheet, plastic foam etc.During the one-level flotation, will all gently pour in one-level floation tank, the mobile tank of one-level flotation than heavy substance.Within general 30 seconds, by upper strata mesh screen, scraping blade or drag for bucket the material of keeping afloat is pulled out, the one-level flotation tank that flows then is to flow out from the tank extension that flows.Generally speaking, mould sector-meeting for a short time and sink under water rapidly within 30 seconds, the dish leaf after paper, polybag, cloth, plastic foam, the dehydration etc. can be bubbled through the water column.After the paper of bubbling through the water column, polybag, cloth, plastic foam etc. are pulled out, pull out by the plastic sheet of bottom mesh screen at the bottom of again the pond, can or several times soak gently than after the heavy substance, the disposable plastic sheet that will be sunken at the bottom of the pond is pulled out.
Gently, can carry out the secondary flotation at once than after the flotation of heavy substance one-level.The secondary flotation can be carried out in same floation tank, also can carry out in another floation tank.Preferably in another floation tank, carry out.If in same floation tank, carry out, need in advance demersal plastic sheet after the one-level flotation to be pulled out.
The polybag that floats on solution surface that the one-level flotation is pulled out, paper, dish leaf etc. are put into the secondary floation tank immediately.The paper or the cloth material that are what papery all can sink to the bottom or partly sink to the bottom more than 5 minutes in immersion.Polybag and some light plastics, plastic foam etc. float on solution surface all the time.So the one-level flotation was soaked the secondary floation tank about 5 minutes from the material that the water surface picks up, treat that whole or most of paperys, cloth material sink at the bottom of the pond or when being in half heavy suspended state, by upper strata mesh screen, scraping blade or drag for bucket the materials such as polybag of bubbling through the water column are pulled out, by crowfoot, bamboo strainer or grab bucket the papery, the cloth material that suspend are pulled out separately subsequently.Can natural air drying for materials such as polybag, plastic foams, or carry out second dehydration; The papery material of pulling out for secondary flotation, cloth etc. preferably carry out second dehydration.
Because gently than also comprising some dehydration organic matters in the heavy substance, as dry vegetalbe leaf etc., if secondary flotation soak time is longer, this type organic thing also can sink to the bottom or become suspension after suctioning moisture, and mix with the paper handkerchief of paper that sinks to the bottom or suspension, not easily separated.Can carry out flotation for the third time (three grades of flotation) for this reason.Under the situation of carrying out three grades of flotation, the time of secondary flotation should lack, and generally should be no more than 5 minutes, is about to secondary flotation floating thing and salvages out, puts into three grades of floation tanks and carries out flotation.Three grades of flotation can be soaked 5 minutes to 2 hours.About organic matter and paper handkerchief can sink to the bottom or become suspension, polybag and some light plastics, plastic foam etc. floated on solution surface all the time in 2 hours.Salvage respectively three grades of flotation floating thing and sink to the bottom or suspended material.
The fishing device of refuse disposal system of the present invention also can comprise water pumper, is used for extracting after the bottom mesh screen is salvaged, and falls to the material at the bottom of the one-level floation tank pond, and falls to the material at the bottom of the secondary floation tank pond.
The present invention can be used for bulky refuse treatment plant, also can be used for the refuse depot, even the garbage collection points of biotope.When especially using in refuse depot and biotope, refuse disposal installation of the present invention can miniaturization, closure.Wherein selection by winnowing can be finished in the pneumatic separation device of sealing, and dust can not fly upward because of selection by winnowing, influences the garbage disposal environment.Flotation water can adopt municipal middle water, and can enter the urban sewage system after repeatedly using, and sewage-treatment plant need not be set specially.The timely processing of house refuse makes the degree of spoilage of rubbish not high, helps utterly destroying bacterium, and does not produce too many foul smell during processed.Dehydration also can be carried out in the dewater unit of sealing, collects the gas that processed produces, and discharging after filter in feeding cleaning pond can have been eliminated foul smell substantially, can not pollute the sub-district air.The water of cleaning in the pond through use repeatedly dirty after, can enter the urban sewage system.Manually auxiliary go-on-go is convenient in a small amount of garbage disposal, can be with the house refuse sophisticated category, and favourable resource is thoroughly recycled.The organic matter that comes out from sorting consumer waste, residue thing etc. can be put the methane-generating pit of people locality on the spot, and the biogas of generation can be used for the auxiliary or supplemental heat source that garbage dewatering is handled.Methane liquid can be used for the fertilizer of subdistrict greening on the spot.The digestion on the spot of the organic matter in the house refuse, residue thing has reduced the freight volume of rubbish, has saved the energy resource consumption of transportation.Sorted rubbish needn't be transported to destructor plant earlier, and classification is transported waste resources demand producer after handling again, can directly transport relevant producer, thereby reduce the transhipment distance, has saved the transportation energy consumption.Transport undressed house refuse, especially the very high rubbish of degree of spoilage, fortune also can cause certain air pollution and/or bacterium, viral pollution to the city when the city, the very first time is disinfected rubbish after rubbish produces, and helps preventing the generation and the propagation of bacterium, virus.
The above-described specific embodiment; purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the above only is the specific embodiment of the present invention; and be not intended to limit the scope of the invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being made, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (26)
1. a waste disposal method is characterized in that, described method comprises:
With refuse breaking;
With the garbage dewatering after the fragmentation;
Rubbish after the dehydration is carried out selection by winnowing first time, described rubbish is divided into: anharmonic ratio heavy substance, anharmonic ratio heavy substance and in than the compounding substances of heavy substance, in than heavy substance, in than heavy substance and gently than the compounding substances of heavy substance, gently than heavy substance, light compounding substances and dust than heavy substance and dust;
With described anharmonic ratio heavy substance and in than the compounding substances of heavy substance, in than heavy substance and gently than the compounding substances of heavy substance, gently than the compounding substances of heavy substance and dust, carry out the selection by winnowing second time respectively, it be divided into: the anharmonic ratio heavy substance, in than heavy substance, gently than heavy substance, dust;
With described first time selection by winnowing and for the second time selection by winnowing elect in than heavy substance, with described first time selection by winnowing and for the second time selection by winnowing elect gently put into solution respectively and carry out flotation than heavy substance, so that different material is wherein further separated.
2. waste disposal method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described refuse breaking is the primary fragmentation step, or is divided into impact grinding and two steps of shearing-crushing.
3. waste disposal method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, before described refuse breaking, rubbish is carried out at least magnetic separation.
4. as claim 1 or 3 described waste disposal methods, it is characterized in that, after described refuse breaking, described rubbish is carried out at least magnetic separation.
5. waste disposal method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described dehydration adopts Electric heating, heated drying air mode of heating, coal gas or biogas mode of heating, utilize a kind of or several combination arbitrarily in the mode of waste heat of plant or waste heat.
6. the described waste disposal method of claim 5, described Electric heating are a kind of or several combination arbitrarily in microwave heating, infrared mode of heating, resistance wire mode of heating or the lamp heated mode.
7. as any described method in the claim 1,5,6, it is characterized in that, carry out described dehydration and carry out sterilizing simultaneously, the temperature of described sterilizing utilization dehydration, and/or ultraviolet light carries out.
8. waste disposal method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described flotation comprises:
To in described than heavy substance with describedly gently carry out the one-level flotation respectively than heavy substance, described one-level method for floating comprises:
With in being placed on than heavy substance in described than in the heavy substance one-level floation tank, stagnate after 5 seconds to 1 minute, salvage the precipitum that floats over the floating substance in the solution and be sunken to the solution bottom respectively successively;
Gently be placed on gently than in the heavy substance one-level floation tank described, stagnate after 5 to 30 seconds, salvage the precipitum that floats over the floating substance in the solution and be sunken to the solution bottom respectively successively than heavy substance;
The described floating substance that described one-level flotation is salvaged carries out the secondary flotation, and described secondary flotation comprises:
With in therefrom being placed on than the floating substance of salvaging in the heavy substance floation tank than in the heavy substance secondary floation tank, stagnate after at least 10 minutes, salvage the floating substance float over the solution upper strata and the material that is sunken to the solution bottom respectively successively;
With being placed on gently than in the heavy substance secondary floation tank than the floating substance of salvaging in the heavy substance floation tank on the lenient side, stagnate after at least 5 minutes, salvage the material that floats over floating substance, the suspended material on solution upper strata and be sunken to the solution bottom respectively successively.
9. waste disposal method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, the precipitum than heavy substance one-level floation tank solution bottom during described salvaging is sunken to comprises, the method that adopts filter screen to salvage filters out the residue thing that is sunken at the bottom of the pond.
10. waste disposal method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described flotation comprises:
To in described than heavy substance with describedly gently carry out the one-level flotation respectively than heavy substance, described one-level method for floating comprises:
With in described after merging than heavy substance with gently put into respectively than flow tank and of heavy substance one-level flotation gently than the mobile tank of heavy substance one-level flotation than heavy substance, by water side at described mobile tank, the current quantizer is set, current are divided into upper strata current and lower floor's current, floating thing is flowed out with the upper strata current, be sunken to water-bed precipitum and flow out on the filter screen with lower floor's current and reclaim;
The described floating substance that flows out with the upper strata current in the described one-level flotation is carried out the secondary flotation, and described secondary flotation comprises:
With therefrom than heavy substance flotation flow the floating substance that flows out in the tank be placed in than in the heavy substance secondary floation tank, stagnates after at least 10 minutes, salvage floating substance that floats over the solution upper strata and the material that is sunken to the solution bottom respectively successively;
With being placed on gently than in the heavy substance secondary floation tank than the flow floating substance that flows out in the tank of heavy substance flotation on the lenient side, stagnates after at least 5 minutes, salvaging floats over floating substance, the suspended material on solution upper strata and is sunken to the material of solution bottom successively respectively.
11. as claim 8 or 10 described waste disposal methods, it is characterized in that, after carrying out the above floating substance of salvaging in the described floation tank solution and/or suspended material of secondary or secondary continuously, reclaim the material that is sunken to the solution bottom again, the method that reclaim the back or suction is reclaimed that discharges water is adopted in described recovery.
12., it is characterized in that described floation tank is at least one floation tank as any described waste disposal method in the claim 8,9 or 10.
13. a refuse disposal system is characterized in that, described refuse disposal system comprises:
The refuse breaking device is used for refuse breaking;
The garbage dewatering device is arranged at after the described refuse breaking device, is used for the garbage dewatering after the fragmentation;
Rubbish air blasting device, be arranged at after the described garbage dewatering device, be used for the rubbish after the dehydration is carried out selection by winnowing, select anharmonic ratio heavy substance, anharmonic ratio heavy substance and in than the compounding substances of heavy substance, in than heavy substance, in than heavy substance and gently than the compounding substances of heavy substance, gently than heavy substance, gently than the compounding substances and the dust of heavy substance and dust; And anharmonic ratio heavy substance that will be wherein and in than the compounding substances of heavy substance, in than heavy substance with gently than the compounding substances of heavy substance, gently the compounding substances than heavy substance and dust carries out selection by winnowing once more;
The rubbish flotation unit is arranged at after the described rubbish air blasting device, be used for to selection by winnowing tell than heavy substance, gently carry out flotation than heavy substance.
14. refuse disposal system as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, described refuse disposal system also comprises:
At least one conveyer, be arranged at before the described refuse breaking device and/or described refuse breaking device and garbage dewatering device between;
At least one concentration equipment is arranged at before the described refuse breaking device and/or between described refuse breaking device and the garbage dewatering device, described concentration equipment is described conveyer itself or the independent concentration equipment that is connected in described conveyer tail end.
15. refuse disposal system as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that, described rubbish concentration equipment is the magnetic rubber conveyer belt.
16. refuse disposal system as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, described refuse breaking device is made up of at least one strand cutter, or is made up of at least one impact crusher and at least one shear breaker.
17. refuse disposal system as claimed in claim 13, it is characterized in that described dewater unit is electric heater unit, heated drying air heater, coal gas or biogas heater, utilize a kind of or several combination arbitrarily in waste heat of plant or the waste heat device.
18. refuse disposal system as claimed in claim 17, described electric heater unit are a kind of or several combination arbitrarily in microwave heating equipment, infrared heating device, electric furnace heater or the lamp heated device.
19. refuse disposal system as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that, described dewater unit also further comprises the ultra violet lamp device.
20. refuse disposal system as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, described flotation unit comprises:
At least one floation tank, be used for described rubbish air blasting device select than heavy substance and gently be contained in respectively in the flotation solution than heavy substance, with in described than heavy substance with gently separate than the different material in the heavy substance;
At least one fishing device, be used for layering respectively salvage described floation tank in than heavy substance with gently than heavy substance.
21. refuse disposal system as claimed in claim 20 is characterized in that, described at least one floation tank comprises:
At least one one-level floation tank, be used for described rubbish air blasting device select than heavy substance and gently be contained in respectively in the flotation solution than heavy substance, with in described than heavy substance with gently separate than the different material in the heavy substance;
At least one secondary floation tank is used for further separating the proportion material floats thing salvaged from described one-level floation tank and the different material the light proportion material floats thing.
22. refuse disposal system as claimed in claim 21 is characterized in that, described one-level floation tank comprises: in one than heavy substance one-level floation tank and one gently than heavy substance one-level floation tank;
Described secondary floation tank comprises:
A middle proportion material floats thing secondary floation tank is used for the proportion material floats thing that ccontaining one-level floatingly selects, with wherein different material separation; And
A light proportion material floats thing secondary floation tank is used for the light proportion material floats thing that ccontaining one-level floatingly selects, with wherein different material separation.
23. refuse disposal system as claimed in claim 20 is characterized in that, described flotation unit also comprises:
At least one one-level flotation tank that flows, the water side of described mobile tank has a current quantizer, the current that described current quantizer flows out described water side are divided into upper strata current and lower floor's current, described current quantizer is arranged on liquid level below 5 centimetres, and on 5 centimetres of described tank bottom lands, the longitudinal section of described current quantizer is a rectangle, taper or fusiformis, described mobile tank further comprises a mobile tank extension, be engaged in the end and the above mobile tank sidewall end of described current quantizer of described current quantizer, be used to draw described upper strata current;
Described floation tank is the secondary floation tank, is used for further separating with the floating thing that the upper strata current flow out from described mobile tank extension.
24., it is characterized in that described fishing device comprises as claim 20 or 23 described refuse disposal systems:
Floation tank floating thing fishing device, described floating thing fishing device comprise upper strata mesh screen, scraping blade or drag for a kind of in the bucket; Described upper strata mesh screen be arranged on versatilely one-level floation tank and secondary floation tank liquid level below at least 5 centimetres from the place more than at least 10 centimetres at the bottom of the pond, described upper wire compass screen surface is long-pending to be equated with pond liquid level area, described upper strata mesh screen or also comprise the short cylindrical thing of some settings, be used to draw and hang floating rubbish, described upper strata mesh screen or also further comprise the baffle plate of a setting, be arranged on the end of described upper strata mesh screen, be used for when described upper sieve spurs floating refuse, shelves push away described floating refuse; Described scraping blade or drag for bucket and be arranged on the roughly parallel position of described floation tank versatilely with liquid level, its lower edge is stretched under the liquid surface at least 5 centimetres, its upper edge exceeds at least 5 centimetres of liquid levels, can slide into the openend of described floation tank from an end of floation tank, its length equates with the width of the described openend of described floation tank;
Floation tank suspension fishing device, described suspension fishing device comprise a kind of or several combination arbitrarily in crowfoot, bamboo strainer, the grab bucket, are arranged on secondary floation tank top versatilely, stretch into when needing and fish for suspension or flexible material in the floation tank;
Floation tank precipitum fishing device, described precipitum fishing device comprises the bottom mesh screen, described bottom mesh screen is arranged at the bottom of the one-level floation tank pond versatilely or from the bottom of the pond more than 5 centimetres and be sieved to few place below 5 centimetres apart from described upper wire, the mesh of described bottom mesh screen is less than 1 square centimeter and greater than 0.1 square centimeter;
Mobile tank precipitum fishing device, described mobile tank precipitum fishing device comprises a filter screen, described filter screen is arranged at the below at the lower layer of water outflow mouth of a river of described current quantizer water side, is used to filter lower floor's current that flow out described mobile tank water side.
25. refuse disposal system as claimed in claim 24, it is characterized in that, described one-level floation tank and secondary floation tank comprise pond body body and extend the pond body, described pond body body is square or cuboid, the degree of depth is not less than 30 centimetres, wherein a leg is a little less than other legs, form an opening, described extension pond body is in described opening part and described pond body body engagement, at the leg of opening both sides with extend level on the body of pond or two slide rails that be arranged in parallel of inclination, described upper strata mesh screen, scraping blade or the two side ends of dragging for bucket are connected on the slide rail, its lower end is arranged under the floation tank liquid level below 5 centimetres at least, position at the bottom of the pond at least 5 centimetres was received before salvaging and is equipped with in the collection depression of the leg of the relative openend of described pond body body;
Described one-level floation tank and secondary floation tank also comprise transmission device, are used for spurring described upper strata mesh screen, scraping blade back and forth or dragging for bucket by chain, belt or wirerope interlock mode a kind of moving around on described slide rail;
Described one-level floation tank also has at least four vertical hanger ropes, rises and the described bottom mesh screen of sedimentation in order to hang;
The liquid level of described one-level floation tank and secondary floation tank is not less than the height of a lower leg of described pond body body.
26. refuse disposal system as claimed in claim 24, it is characterized in that described fishing device further comprises water pumper, be used for extracting after described bottom mesh screen is salvaged, fall to the material at the bottom of the described one-level floation tank pond, and fall to the material at the bottom of the described secondary floation tank pond.
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| CN 201110093745 CN102225416B (en) | 2011-04-14 | 2011-04-14 | Method and device for treating garbage |
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| CN 201110093745 CN102225416B (en) | 2011-04-14 | 2011-04-14 | Method and device for treating garbage |
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| CN102225416B CN102225416B (en) | 2013-08-21 |
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| CN102688875A (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2012-09-26 | 广州伟烨船舶设备有限公司 | Solid-liquid-gas all-state garbage treatment method |
| CN103056148A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-04-24 | 东莞市伟烨船舶设备有限公司 | Efficient non-peculiar-smell kitchen waste disposal method |
| CN103240263A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-08-14 | 吴清国 | Household garbage disposal system and technology |
| CN104226672A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2014-12-24 | 河南省洁苑环保科技有限公司 | Garbage sorting treatment method |
| WO2015070535A1 (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2015-05-21 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Combined wet-dry classification system for municipal household waste |
| CN105823056A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-08-03 | 龚亚强 | Drying furnace for household garbage and drying method |
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| CN114405678A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-04-29 | 北京清峰绿能科技股份有限公司 | Solid waste crushing and sorting device |
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