CN110038879B - High organic matter mixed type household garbage treatment device - Google Patents
High organic matter mixed type household garbage treatment device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110038879B CN110038879B CN201910327009.6A CN201910327009A CN110038879B CN 110038879 B CN110038879 B CN 110038879B CN 201910327009 A CN201910327009 A CN 201910327009A CN 110038879 B CN110038879 B CN 110038879B
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- household garbage
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- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241001233061 earthworms Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000709785 Hermetia illucens Species 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000027326 copulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001481656 Stratiomyidae Species 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000032669 eclosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 36
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 12
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000021190 leftovers Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 big bones Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 108010066114 cabin-2 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007059 acute toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000403 acute toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000206 health hazard Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000019617 pupation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000820 toxicity test Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
- B01D36/04—Combinations of filters with settling tanks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The invention discloses a high organic matter mixed type household garbage treatment device which comprises a main bin, a composting bin, a light impurity bin, a medium impurity bin, a heavy impurity bin, a collecting bin, a breeding bin, a transfer bin, a water-oil separation bin, an aeration system, a water spraying system and a water blowing system, wherein the main bin is connected with the composting bin; the black soldier flies enter a breeding bin for eclosion and mating after feeding organic matters in the household garbage in a main bin, then spawn in the breeding bin, the new generation black soldier flies return to the organic matters in the household garbage fed in the main bin again, earthworms further feed the excrement and the residual residues of the black soldier flies by matching with the black soldier flies, and residues after removing the organic matters of kitchen wastes comprise plastics, fibers, bone glass metals and the like and are respectively classified into a light impurity bin, a medium impurity bin and a heavy impurity bin in water according to specific gravity. The invention realizes the efficient separation and utilization of the mixed household garbage, effectively utilizes organic matters, plastics, paper fibers, glass metals and the like in the kitchen, and realizes the low-cost high-benefit zero-risk zero-hazard recycling of the household garbage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of household garbage treatment equipment, in particular to a high-organic matter mixed type household garbage treatment device.
Background
For some households, there is no classification habit in disposing of household garbage, and all garbage generated in the household life is often mixed and discarded. The household garbage generally comprises leftovers, used waste plastic paper, plastic bottles, household waste paper, glass bottles and the like, wherein kitchen leftovers such as leftovers and leftovers occupy a relatively large amount of organic matters, and paper products such as waste paper, books, newspapers, cartons and the like are relatively large. In the prior art, the post-classification of the high organic matter mixed domestic garbage is difficult, and the residual value of the garbage after classification is very low; the garbage disposal unit generally directly adopts a landfill treatment mode for high organic matter mixed domestic garbage, and organic matters in the garbage disposal unit cannot be fully utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a high organic matter mixed type household garbage treatment device which fully utilizes organic matters in household garbage, converts the organic matters into the household garbage, and simultaneously extracts paper fibers from the household garbage.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a high organic matter mixed type household garbage treatment device comprises:
the main bin is provided with a feeding hole for garbage input, the bottom of the main bin is provided with a movable bottom plate and a reamer, the surface of the movable bottom plate is provided with a sieve pore area, a lifting cover plate for closing the sieve pore area is arranged below the movable bottom plate, and the main bin is communicated with the composting bin through the sieve pore area; when the cover plate rises to be attached to the movable bottom plate, the whole movable bottom plate is isolated from water;
organic matters such as kitchen waste contained in the mixed household garbage in the main bin are firstly and rapidly eaten by the hermetia illucens, and after the hermetia illucens migrates out of the main bin, light impurities such as plastics, medium impurities such as fibers, heavy impurities such as big bones, glass, metals, excrement generated by the hermetia illucens, small organic matter particles and the like remain in the main bin. When the cover plate descends and is separated from the movable bottom plate, water in the main bin and the small particle impurities flow into the composting bin through the sieve pore area;
the bottom of the composting bin is provided with a sieve plate, the composting bin is communicated with the water-oil separation bin through the sieve plate and a pipeline, and earthworms are cultivated in the composting bin;
the light impurity bin is communicated with the main bin, a first bin door is arranged at the communication position of the light impurity bin, and the light impurity bin is communicated with the water-oil separation bin through a surface net and a pipeline; a water blowing pipe with the same height as the first bin gate is arranged in the main bin, and after water is sprayed in the main bin, light sundries (such as plastic bags and plastic bottles) including oil liquid and the like are properly crushed and stirred and then float on the liquid surface; if the first bin door is opened, light sundries enter the light sundries bin under the action of water blowing of the water blowing pipe and natural flow of water;
the middle miscellaneous bin is communicated with the main bin, a second bin gate is arranged at the communication part of the middle miscellaneous bin, the middle miscellaneous bin is communicated to the water-oil separation bin through a surface net and a pipeline, and the height of the second bin gate is lower than that of the first bin gate; when light sundries enter the light sundry bin, the first bin gate is closed, and if the second bin gate is opened, under the action of proper stirring, the liquid in the main bin and the sundries such as cellulose and the like which are stirred and suspended enter the middle sundry bin under the action of water blowing of the water blowing pipe and natural flow of the water;
the heavy impurity bin is positioned below the main bin and is communicated with the water-oil separation bin through a surface net and a pipeline; when the light sundries are discharged into the light sundries bin, the fiber and other medium sundries are discharged into the medium sundries bin, the main heavy sundries such as bones, glass, metal and the like which are left on the movable bottom plate are thrown into the heavy sundries bin if the movable bottom plate is turned over;
the collecting bin is communicated with the main bin, and a third bin door is arranged at the communicating part, and the height of the third bin door is larger than that of the first bin door; the collecting bin is used for collecting the hermetia illucens which is mature in development and actively migrate in the main bin;
the breeding bin is communicated with the collecting bin, and a lighting device for promoting the copulation of hermetia illucens is arranged in the breeding bin; the connecting channel between the breeding bin and the collecting bin is used for properly increasing the passing difficulty of the hermetia illucens, for example, a communicating opening is arranged at the higher position of the side wall, so that only a small amount of hermetia illucens can reach the breeding bin to realize eclosion adults, and most of hermetia illucens stays in the collecting bin or is collected to serve as bait;
the breeding bin is communicated with the breeding bin, an oviposition device (the hermetia illucens preferring to spawn in gaps can be generally used as an oviposition device) is arranged in the breeding bin, the hermetia illucens after emerging adults do not eat any more, and the hermetia illucens flies instinctively into the breeding bin to spawn under the induction of smell in the breeding bin;
the transfer bin is communicated with the propagation bin, and a fourth bin door is arranged at the communication position of the transfer bin and the main bin; when the hermetia illucens eggs in the breeding bin hatch and reach about five days old, the hermetia illucens eggs enter the transfer bin (a water spraying facility is arranged in the breeding bin, and the hermetia illucens larvae are flushed to the transfer bin by water flow); when the main bin is put into the household garbage, a first flushing pipe in the transfer bin can be selectively opened, and the black soldier fly larvae are flushed into the main bin by flushing water, so that the black soldier fly larvae reach organic matters in the domestic garbage instinctively ingested after the main bin;
the water-oil separation bin is communicated with the oil storage bin and the sedimentation bin, and the sedimentation bin is communicated with the wastewater treatment bin;
the aeration system is used for aerating the main bin, the composting bin, the light impurity bin, the medium impurity bin and the heavy impurity bin;
and the water spraying system is used for spraying water to the main bin and the light impurity bin.
Further, the quantity of main storehouse is a plurality of, and the intercommunication is provided with the fifth door between the adjacent main storehouse, is thrown into domestic waste after in the main storehouse, if adjacent main storehouse organic matter is handled and is accomplished and remain unnecessary black soldier fly, can open the fifth door, utilizes food to attract black soldier fly to current main storehouse.
Furthermore, a special water pump is arranged in the medium and miscellaneous bin, the special water pump pumps mixed liquid in the medium and miscellaneous bin into the propagation bin through a pipeline, partial organic chips are contained in the mixed liquid and can be used as food for the young hermetia illucens larvae, and meanwhile, contained smell can help to lure the adult hermetia illucens in the propagation bin to enter the propagation bin for spawning.
Further, the waste water treatment bin comprises a first filtering bin, a second filtering bin, a third filtering bin and a clear water bin, wherein the first filtering bin is communicated with the precipitation bin, the first filtering bin, the second filtering bin, the third filtering bin and the clear water bin are sequentially separated through a partition plate, the first filtering bin is communicated with the second filtering bin at the lowest end of the partition plate, the second filtering bin is communicated with the third filtering bin at the highest point of the partition plate, and the third filtering bin is communicated with the clear water bin at the lowest end of the partition plate.
Further, the high organic matter mixed domestic garbage treatment device also comprises a gas recovery system, and the gas recovery system pumps the gas in the main bin, the light impurity bin, the medium impurity bin, the heavy impurity bin, the composting bin, the collecting bin, the breeding bin and the breeding bin into a gas recovery tank; the gas recovery tank comprises a first gas recovery tank and a second gas recovery tank, wherein clear water is stored in the first gas recovery tank and used for recovering water-soluble gas, and a mixture of water storage, glycerol and ferric oxide powder is stored in the second gas recovery tank and used for recovering water-insoluble gas. And the gas recovered by the first gas recovery tank is pumped into the second gas recovery tank for recovery.
Further, the high organic matter mixed type household garbage treatment device further comprises a toxicity detection bin, wherein the toxicity detection bin is communicated with the main bin, and organisms for detecting water toxicity are cultivated in the toxicity detection bin. The mixed domestic garbage put into the main bin is firstly crushed properly, soaked in water, detected for acute toxicity, and then put into the black soldier fly for eating and decomposing organic matters such as kitchen waste and the like after the toxicity is confirmed.
Further, the household garbage treatment device further comprises a heat storage bin, the heat storage bin stores heat storage materials, the heat storage bin is adjacent to the main bin and is used for temporarily storing heat generated when the hermetia illucens actively moves, and the main bin is maintained at a proper temperature so as to help the hermetia illucens put into the heat storage bin to quickly enter an active state.
Further, the surface of main storehouse is provided with the viewing aperture, the top of breeding the storehouse is provided with the camera, main storehouse still is provided with upper portion and blows water pipe and lower part and blow the water pipe, and upper portion blows the water pipe mouth of pipe and corresponds first bin door, and lower part blows the water pipe mouth of pipe and corresponds the second bin door.
The beneficial effects are that: (1) The high organic matter mixed type household garbage treatment device utilizes the hermetia illucens to rapidly decompose and utilize organic matters in the household garbage, so that plastics, paper, glass, metal and the like in the mixed type household garbage can be conveniently classified in a subsequent program. (2) After the organic matters of the kitchen waste are removed, the high organic matter mixed type household garbage treatment device disclosed by the invention can be very easily recycled into the light impurity bin, the medium impurity bin and the heavy impurity bin by utilizing the fact that plastics, fibers, glass metals and the like have different specific gravities in water. (3) According to the household garbage treatment device, kitchen wastes in mixed household garbage are converted into high-quality fresh baits such as hermetia illucens and earthworms, fibers such as paper, plastics and glass metals are respectively extracted, and the recycling of the household garbage is realized; (4) The household garbage treatment device disclosed by the invention is automatically operated in the processes of separating, converting and utilizing the household garbage, and the classified plastics, coarse pulp, glass metal and the like are cleaned and subjected to beneficial bacteria treatment, so that the health hazard to related practitioners is greatly reduced. (5) The household garbage treatment device comprises a toxicity test system, and can effectively control the subsequent spreading and spreading of toxic substances under the condition of risk occurrence.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a household garbage disposal apparatus of example 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a unit of the household garbage treating apparatus of example 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of one unit of the household garbage treating apparatus of example 1 (another view).
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of one unit of the household garbage treating apparatus of example 1 (another view).
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of fig. 4 a.
FIG. 6 is a part view of a movable floor and a cover plate of the household garbage treating apparatus of example 1.
Fig. 7 is a flowchart showing the operation of the household garbage disposal apparatus of example 1.
Wherein: 1. breeding a warehouse; 2. a main bin; 3. a feed port; 4. a movable bottom plate; 5. reamer; 6. a cover plate; 7. a composting bin; 8. a light impurity bin; 9. a first bin gate; 10. a middle impurity bin; 11. a second bin gate; 12. heavy impurity bin; 13. a collecting bin; 14. a third bin gate; 15. a lighting device; 16. a breeding bin; 17. a grille; 18. a transfer bin; 19. a first water flushing pipe; 20. a water-oil separation bin; 21. an oil storage bin; 22. a sedimentation bin; 23. a first filter cartridge; 24. a second filter cartridge; 25. a third filter bin; 26. a clean water bin; 27. a toxicity detection bin; 28. a first gas recovery tank; 29. a second gas recovery tank; 30. a thermal storage bin; 31. a special water pump; 32. an electric control lifting screw; 33. and a second flushing pipe.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the high organic matter mixed type household garbage treatment device of the embodiment is hexagonal in whole, the central part is a breeding bin 1, six unit household garbage treatment devices are uniformly distributed around the breeding bin 1 (the breeding bin 1 is shared by the six unit household garbage treatment devices;
fig. 2 to 4 are drawings of different views of one of the unit garbage disposal apparatuses, and it can be seen that the unit garbage disposal apparatus includes:
the main bin 2 is provided with a feeding hole 3 and an observation window for garbage input, the bottom of the main bin 2 is provided with a movable bottom plate 4 and a reamer 5, the structure of the movable bottom plate 4 is shown in fig. 4, the surface of the movable bottom plate 4 is provided with a sieve pore area, a lifting cover plate 6 for closing the sieve pore area is arranged below the movable bottom plate 4, and the main bin 2 is communicated with a composting bin 7 through the sieve pore area; when the cover plate 6 rises to be attached to the movable bottom plate 4, the whole movable bottom plate 4 is isolated from water; when the cover plate 6 descends and is separated from the movable bottom plate 4, water and small particle impurities in the main bin 2 flow into the composting bin 7 through the sieve pore area;
the composting bin 7 is provided with an inclined sieve plate at the bottom of the composting bin 7, the composting bin 7 is communicated to the water-oil separation bin through the sieve plate and a pipeline, and earthworms are cultivated in the composting bin 7;
the light impurity bin 8, the light impurity bin 8 is communicated with the main bin 2, a first bin door 9 is arranged at the communication position, and the light impurity bin 8 is communicated to the water-oil separation bin through a surface net and a pipeline; a water blowing pipe with the same height as the first bin door 9 is arranged in the main bin 2, and after water is sprayed into the main bin 2, light sundries (such as plastic bags and plastic bottles) including oil liquid float on the liquid surface after being properly crushed and stirred; if the first bin is opened at this time, light sundries enter the light sundries bin 8 under the action of water blowing of the water blowing pipe and natural flow of water;
the middle impurity bin 10, the middle impurity bin 10 is communicated with the main bin 2, a second bin gate 11 is arranged at the communication position, the middle impurity bin 10 is communicated to the water-oil separation bin through a surface net and a pipeline, and the height of the second bin gate 11 is smaller than that of the first bin gate 9; when organic matters in the household garbage are decomposed by hermetia illucens, after light sundries enter the light sundries bin 8, if the second bin door 11 is opened, water is blown through the water blowing pipe, and under proper stirring, sundries such as liquid and suspended cellulose in the main bin 2 enter the medium sundries bin 10;
heavy impurity bin 12, heavy impurity bin 12 is located under main bin 2, heavy impurity bin 12 is connected to water-oil separation bin through surface net and pipeline; when the organic matters in the household garbage are decomposed by the hermetia illucens, after the light sundries are discharged into the light sundries bin 8 and the liquid is discharged into the medium sundries bin 10, the heavy sundries such as bones, glass, metals and the like are remained on the movable bottom plate 4, and at the moment, if the movable bottom plate 4 is turned over, the heavy sundries can be put into the heavy sundries bin 12;
the collecting bin 13 is communicated with the main bin 2, and a third bin gate 14 is arranged at the communicating position of the collecting bin 13, and the height of the third bin gate 14 is larger than that of the first bin gate 9; the collecting bin 13 is used for collecting the hermetia illucens which is mature in development and automatically migrate out in the main bin 2; meanwhile, a collecting pipe leading to other collecting devices is further arranged on the collecting bin 13 and used for enabling the hermetia illucens to climb out of the collecting bin 13 by itself, so that the hermetia illucens can be collected conveniently;
in order to protect the first bin gate 9, the second bin gate 11 and the third bin gate 14, a rough hole baffle is arranged in the main bin 2, and the reamer 5 is separated from the first bin gate 9, the second bin gate 11 and the third bin gate 14, so that hard objects splashed during the working period of the reamer are prevented from smashing each bin gate;
the main bin 2 is also provided with an upper water blowing pipe and a lower water blowing pipe, the pipe orifice of the upper water blowing pipe corresponds to the first bin gate 9, and the pipe orifice of the lower water blowing pipe corresponds to the second bin gate 11;
the breeding bin 1, the breeding bin 1 is communicated with the collecting bin 13, and a lighting device 15 and a camera for promoting the copulation of hermetia illucens are arranged in the breeding bin 1; the difficulty in passing the black soldier flies is properly increased by the connecting channel between the breeding bin 1 and the collecting bin 13, for example, the communicating opening is arranged at the higher position of the side wall, so that only a small amount of the black soldier flies can reach the breeding bin 1 to realize eclosion adults, and most of the black soldier flies are retained in the collecting bin 13 or climb out of the collecting tube to be collected as baits;
the breeding bin 16 is communicated with the breeding bin 1, a grid 17 is arranged in the breeding bin 16 and used as a spawning device, adult hermetia illucens does not eat any more, and instinctive hermetia illucens flies into the breeding bin 16 to spawn;
the transfer bin 18, the transfer bin 18 communicates with the breeding bin 16; as shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, the communication ports of the main bin 2, the collecting bin 13 and the transferring bin 18 are arranged at one place, the communication states of the main bin 2, the collecting bin 13 and the transferring bin 18 are controlled by using the third bin gate 14, and when the third bin gate 14 is opened upwards, the main bin 2 is communicated with the collecting bin 13; when the third door 14 is closed downward, the main cabin 2 is communicated with the transfer cabin 18; the transfer bin 18 is internally provided with a first flushing pipe 19, when the black soldier fly larvae in the propagation bin 16 reach about 5 days old after the main bin 2 is put into the household garbage, the second flushing pipe 33 of the propagation bin 16 can be started to flush the 5 days old larvae and residues in the bin body into the transfer bin 18, then the first flushing pipe 19 at the corresponding position in the transfer bin 18 is started, the black soldier fly larvae are flushed into the main bin 2 by flushing water, and the black soldier fly larvae reach organic matters in the household garbage which is instinctively ingested after the main bin 2;
the water-oil separation bin 20, the water-oil separation bin 20 is communicated with the oil storage bin 21 and the sedimentation bin 22, and the sedimentation bin 22 is communicated with the wastewater treatment bin; the waste water treatment bin comprises a first filtering bin 23, a second filtering bin 24, a third filtering bin 25 and a clear water bin 26, wherein the first filtering bin 23 is communicated with the sedimentation bin 22, the first filtering bin 23, the second filtering bin 24, the third filtering bin 25 and the clear water bin 26 are sequentially separated through a partition plate, the first filtering bin 23 is communicated with the second filtering bin 24 at the lowest end of the partition plate, the second filtering bin 24 is communicated with the third filtering bin 25 at the highest point of the partition plate, and the third filtering bin 25 is communicated with the clear water bin 26 at the lowest end of the partition plate
The aeration system is used for aerating the main bin 2, the composting bin 7, the light impurity bin 8, the medium impurity bin 10 and the heavy impurity bin 12;
the water spraying system is used for spraying water to the main bin 2 and the light impurity bin 8;
the toxicity detection bin 27 is communicated with the main bin 2, and organisms for detecting the toxicity of the water body are cultivated in the toxicity detection bin 27;
the gas recovery system pumps the gas in the main bin 2, the light impurity bin 8, the medium impurity bin 10, the heavy impurity bin 12, the composting bin 7, the breeding bin 16 and the breeding bin 1 into a gas recovery tank; the gas recovery tank comprises a first gas recovery tank 28 and a second gas recovery tank 29, wherein clear water is stored in the first gas recovery tank 28 and used for recovering water-soluble gas, and a mixture of water, glycerol and ferric oxide powder is stored in the second gas recovery tank 29 and used for recovering water-insoluble gas; the gas in the first gas recovery bin is forcedly pumped into the second gas recovery bin;
the heat storage bin 30 is used for storing heat storage materials in the heat storage bin 30, the heat storage bin 30 is adjacent to the main bin 2, and the heat storage bin 30 is used for temporarily storing heat generated when the hermetia illucens actively moves and maintaining the main bin in a proper temperature range;
the special water pump 31 is arranged in the medium and miscellaneous bin 10, and the special water pump 31 pumps the water in the medium and miscellaneous bin 10 into the transit bin 18 through a pipeline, wherein food scraps are contained in the water, and the water can be used as food of the young hermetia illucens larvae; the adjacent main bins 2 are communicated and provided with fifth bin gates, when household garbage is put into the main bins 2, if redundant hermetia illucens remains in the adjacent main bins 2, after the organic matters in the bins are treated, the fifth bin gates can be opened, the hermetia illucens is attracted to the current main bins 2 by utilizing food smell to continuously treat the organic matters, and the mature hermetia illucens automatically avoids food from migrating out and entering the collection bin 13.
As shown in fig. 7, the working procedure of the household garbage disposal apparatus of this embodiment is:
(1) Opening a feed inlet 3, and throwing mixed household garbage into the main bin 2;
(2) Starting the reamer 5 at a low speed, and properly flattening the household garbage;
(3) The water spraying system sprays a proper amount of water into the main bin 2, after soaking and standing for a certain time, the corresponding valve is opened, a proper amount of water after soaking household garbage is introduced into the toxicity detection bin 27, and whether organisms in the toxicity detection bin 27 are abnormal or not is observed within a certain time; if the main bin 2 is toxic, an exception processing program is required to be entered, and the household garbage in the main bin 2 is selected to be processed on site or cleaned according to the type and degree of the toxicity, and the main bin 2 is cleaned; if the material is nontoxic, the process goes to the next step;
(4) A second flushing pipe 33 in the breeding bin 16 is opened, and the young hermetia illucens larvae in the breeding bin 16 are flushed into the transit bin 18; simultaneously closing the third door 14 shown in fig. 5 to allow the main cabin 2 to communicate with the transfer cabin 18; opening a corresponding first flushing pipe 19 in the transfer bin 18, flushing black soldier fly larvae and residues in the transfer bin 18 into the main bin 2 by utilizing water flow; the black soldier fly larvae self-eat organic matters in the household garbage; if the organic matters in the adjacent main cabins 2 of the current main cabins 2 are processed, and excessive immature black soldier flies exist, opening a corresponding fifth cabin door, communicating the current main cabins 2 with the adjacent main cabins 2, and sucking the black soldier flies of the adjacent main cabins 2 by utilizing food for feeding;
(5) The black soldier flies continuously grow while feeding, and when the black soldier flies grow to a pre-pupation stage, the black soldier flies leave the main bin 2 instinctively to find a pupal eclosion place; the third bin gate 14 shown in fig. 5 is in an upward opening state, the main bin 2 is communicated with the collecting bin 13, the communication port between the main bin 2 and the collecting bin 13 is the only outlet of the main bin 2 at this stage, and the hermetia illucens automatically crawls and falls into the collecting bin 13;
(6) The communication port of the collecting bin 13 and the breeding bin 1 is positioned above the side wall of the collecting bin 13, the opening is smaller, only a small amount of hermetia illucens can climb to the breeding bin 1, and most hermetia illucens climbs out through the collecting pipe on the collecting bin 13 and is collected; a lighting device 15 for promoting the copulation of the hermetia illucens is arranged in the breeding bin 1, and the hermetia illucens in the breeding bin 1 is eclosion to be an adult and copulation under the stimulation of proper auxiliary light;
(7) According to the habit of the hermetia illucens, the copulated hermetia illucens does not eat any more, and only a place suitable for spawning (the hermetia illucens prefers to spawn at the gap) is searched for spawning; a grating 17 is arranged in a propagation bin 16 communicated with the breeding bin 1 and used as an oviposition device, and the mated hermetia illucens adults fly instinctively into the propagation bin 16 to lay eggs; because the water in the impurity bin 10 in the step (4) is doped with small-particle organic matters, the organic matters are retained in the propagation bin 16 and serve as food for the hatched hermetia illucens larvae; growing the hermetia illucens after hatching for a plurality of days to form the young hermetia illucens larva in the step (4);
(8) On the other hand, when the black soldier flies in the step (4) are depleted in feeding organic matters in the household garbage, the water spraying system sprays water into the main bin 2 again to drive the black soldier flies to migrate into the adjacent main bin 2 or into the collecting bin 13;
(9) After the hermetia illucens in the main bin 2 is migrated, the water spraying system continues to spray water to a proper position, the cover plate 6 shown in fig. 6 descends under the action of the electric control lifting screw 32, and small-particle impurities (mainly the excrement and the small-particle matters of the hermetia illucens) are mixed with the liquid in the main bin 2 and enter the composting bin 7. After the liquid level is lowered to a certain position, the cover plate 6 in fig. 6 is lifted again, and water is sprayed into the main bin 2 again. The liquid level in the main bin 2 is enough to ensure that the oil floating on the liquid level cannot enter the composting bin, water and water are continuously injected and discharged, and the process is repeated for a plurality of times. The sieve plate at the bottom of the composting bin 7 is reserved with small particle impurities, and earthworms on the sieve plate take the small particle impurities as food; the rest of the water is led to the water-oil separation bin 20;
(10) After the water and slag are discharged, the main bin 2 is refilled with water to a certain position, the reamer 5 is started to properly crush the household garbage, and then the household garbage is stood for a period of time;
(11) The first bin door 9 shown in fig. 5 is opened, the upper water blowing pipe in the main bin 2 is opened, and light impurities and oil floating on the water surface enter the light impurity bin 8 under the action of water blowing of the water blowing pipe and natural flow of water;
(12) Continuously injecting water into the main bin 2, starting the reamer 5 to stir slowly, opening a lower water blowing pipe in the main bin 2, opening a second bin door 11 shown in fig. 5, and allowing water and sundries suspended in the water (mainly fibers which are not eaten by hermetia illucens) to enter the middle sundry bin 10;
(13) Subsequently, the movable bottom plate 4 is rotated to discharge heavy impurities (such as bones, glass and metals) at the bottom into the heavy impurity bin 12;
(14) Moderately showering the light impurity bin 8, and filtering and draining the sewage to the water-oil separation bin 20 through a surface net; the water in the middle impurity bin 10 is also filtered by the surface net and then drained to the water-oil separation bin 20;
(15) The water-oil separation bin 20 mainly collects water-oil mixtures from other bins, the high part of the water-oil separation bin 20 is communicated with the oil storage bin 21, and the low part is communicated with the precipitation bin 22; the water-oil mixture is automatically layered in the water-oil separation bin 20, the oil floats on the water and flows into the oil storage bin 21, and the water and the sediments enter the sedimentation bin 22;
(16) The water level of the sedimentation bin 22 automatically flows into the first filter bin 23, the second filter bin 24 and the third filter bin 25 after being increased, and is stored in the clean water bin 26 after three layers of filtering; the clean water in the clean water bin 26 can be used as a water source of a water spraying system, a water blowing system and a flushing system;
(17) The aeration system and the gas recovery system synchronously work while all the steps are carried out, and fresh air is introduced into the main bin 2, the composting bin 7, the light impurity bin 8, the medium impurity bin 10 and the heavy impurity bin 12 by the aeration system to help beneficial bacteria in the raw materials decompose residues; and the gas recovery system pumps the gas in the main bin 2, the light impurity bin 8, the medium impurity bin 10, the heavy impurity bin 12, the composting bin 7, the breeding bin and the breeding bin 1 into the first gas recovery tank 28 to absorb water-soluble gas therein, and pumps into the second gas recovery tank 29 to absorb fat-soluble gas, such as peculiar smell, a small amount of hydrogen sulfide and the like.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in the specification, these embodiments are presented only, and should not limit the scope of the present invention. Various omissions, substitutions and changes in the form of examples are intended in the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a high organic matter hybrid domestic waste processing apparatus which characterized in that includes:
the main bin is provided with a feeding hole for garbage input, the bottom of the main bin is provided with a movable bottom plate and a reamer, the surface of the movable bottom plate is provided with a sieve pore area, a lifting cover plate for closing the sieve pore area is arranged below the movable bottom plate, and the main bin is communicated with the composting bin through the sieve pore area;
the bottom of the composting bin is provided with a sieve plate, the composting bin is communicated with the water-oil separation bin through the sieve plate and a pipeline, and earthworms are cultivated in the composting bin;
the light impurity bin is communicated with the main bin, a first bin door is arranged at the communication position of the light impurity bin, and the light impurity bin is communicated with the water-oil separation bin through a surface net and a pipeline; the middle miscellaneous bin is communicated with the main bin, a second bin gate is arranged at the communication part of the middle miscellaneous bin, the middle miscellaneous bin is communicated to the water-oil separation bin through a surface net and a pipeline, and the height of the second bin gate is smaller than that of the first bin gate;
the heavy impurity bin is positioned below the main bin and is communicated with the water-oil separation bin through a surface net and a pipeline;
the collecting bin is communicated with the main bin, and a third bin door is arranged at the communicating part, and the height of the third bin door is larger than that of the first bin door;
the breeding bin is communicated with the collecting bin, and a lighting device for promoting the copulation of hermetia illucens is arranged in the breeding bin;
the breeding bin is communicated with the breeding bin, and an oviposition device is arranged in the breeding bin;
the transfer bin is communicated with the propagation bin, and a fourth bin door is arranged at the communication position of the transfer bin and the main bin;
the water-oil separation bin is communicated with the oil storage bin and the sedimentation bin, and the sedimentation bin is communicated with the wastewater treatment bin;
the aeration system is used for aerating the main bin, the composting bin, the light impurity bin, the medium impurity bin and the heavy impurity bin;
the water spraying system is used for spraying water to the main bin and the light impurity bin;
the waste water treatment bin comprises a first filtering bin, a second filtering bin, a third filtering bin and a clear water bin, wherein the first filtering bin is communicated with the precipitation bin, the first filtering bin, the second filtering bin, the third filtering bin and the clear water bin are sequentially separated through a partition plate, the first filtering bin is communicated with the second filtering bin at the lowest end of the partition plate, the second filtering bin is communicated with the third filtering bin at the highest point of the partition plate, and the third filtering bin is communicated with the clear water bin at the lowest end of the partition plate.
2. The high organic matter mixed type household garbage treatment device according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the main cabins is multiple, and the adjacent main cabins are communicated and provided with fifth cabin doors.
3. The high organic matter mixed type household garbage treatment device according to claim 1, wherein: the special water pump is arranged in the middle sundry bin and pumps the liquid in the middle sundry bin into the breeding bin through a pipeline.
4. The high organic matter mixed type household garbage treatment device according to claim 1, wherein: the system also comprises a gas recovery system, wherein the gas recovery system pumps the gas in the main bin, the light impurity bin, the medium impurity bin, the heavy impurity bin, the composting bin, the collecting bin, the breeding bin and the breeding bin into a gas recovery pool.
5. The high organic matter mixed type household garbage treatment device according to claim 4, wherein: the gas recovery tank comprises a first gas recovery tank and a second gas recovery tank, clean water is stored in the first gas recovery tank, and a mixture of water, glycerol and ferric oxide powder is stored in the second gas recovery tank.
6. The high organic matter mixed type household garbage treatment device according to claim 1, wherein: the system also comprises a toxicity detection bin which is communicated with the main bin, and organisms for detecting the toxicity of the water body are cultivated in the toxicity detection bin.
7. The high organic matter mixed type household garbage treatment device according to claim 1, wherein: the oviposition device is a grid.
8. The high organic matter mixed type household garbage treatment device according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a heat storage bin, wherein heat storage materials are stored in the heat storage bin, and the heat storage bin is adjacent to the main bin.
9. The high organic matter mixed type household garbage treatment device according to claim 1, wherein: an observation port is formed in the surface of the main bin, and a camera is arranged at the top of the breeding bin; the main bin is also provided with an upper water blowing pipe and a lower water blowing pipe, the pipe orifice of the upper water blowing pipe corresponds to the first bin gate, and the pipe orifice of the lower water blowing pipe corresponds to the second bin gate.
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