CN102223413A - Intelligent monitoring system of dangerous goods container transported by ship - Google Patents
Intelligent monitoring system of dangerous goods container transported by ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN102223413A CN102223413A CN2011101655242A CN201110165524A CN102223413A CN 102223413 A CN102223413 A CN 102223413A CN 2011101655242 A CN2011101655242 A CN 2011101655242A CN 201110165524 A CN201110165524 A CN 201110165524A CN 102223413 A CN102223413 A CN 102223413A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent monitoring system of a dangerous goods container transported by a ship, comprising an on-board automatic monitoring system, a remote transmission system and a monitoring center, wherein, the on-board automatic monitoring system realizes the real time perception of the on-board container condition by utilizing a monitoring terminal, a relay terminal and a convergence terminal for converging data arranged on the door of the container, transmits the collected condition information of the container to the remote monitoring center through a remote transmission system, and realizes the processing and alarming functions and the like of the collected condition information of the container at the front end. Through the networking of the monitoring terminal of the container based on a ZigBee technique, the system provided by the system solves the problem that the communication is temporarily interrupted caused by that the signals are shielded when a radio frequency identification device (RFID) or a general packet radio service (GPRS)/ a global system for mobile communication (GSM), or a satellite is directly adopted as a communication module in the existing container monitoring system; and the system provided by the invention has the characteristics of high reliability and low communication cost and being easy to monitor, and provides an effective solution scheme for intelligently monitoring the dangerous goods container.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of container monitoring system.
Background technology
Along with carrying forward vigorously and container transported the particularly continuous lifting of the attention degree of dangerous cargo container transportation safety, efficient container transportation in the world, drop into a large amount of funds in the world and be used for dangerous cargo container self-security, the research of intelligentized technical equipment, the domestic importance of also more and more recognizing this field of development, the development of associated equipment has certain technical foundation.
The intelligent label that front end is installed on the container in the existing container monitoring system generally includes Sensor section and wireless transmission part, Sensor section comprises the transducer of ambient condition in the container that is used for sensing such as temperature, humidity, vibration and other items transportation environment, and wireless transmission partly is used for initiatively or the passive signal with the Sensor section perception sends to and is installed in container transport agent (steamer, train) local monitor platform or remote monitoring center.The container monitoring system that has also has the position acquisition module, as gps receiver.Active label as U.S. Savi company contains a gps receiver and several inductor, follows the trail of the position of label and the time of internal container humiture and chamber door unlatching respectively.When label was positioned at GPRS/GSM honeycomb signal of base station scope, label sent its position and sensor data to a back-end system, and client can login this system and obtain information.The SecureSystem container monitoring system of Germany Hellmann Worldwide Logistics exploitation, its main body is an information communication device, the built-in monitoring equipment is installed in the main entrance inboard that each collects case.All data are sent to artificial satellite via communication device, directly reach the security personnel center then.
Yet, what be installed in monitoring module on the container or employing in the existing container intelligent monitor system is radio-frequency (RF) identification (RFID) technology, by active or passive mode the container state information that sensor assembly senses is passed to read write line, what perhaps adopt is directly data to be passed to Surveillance center via GPRS/GSM base station or satellite, therefore can not realize interconnected between the container, when container in the stockyard or cabin inside pile up, cause some container to be covered and cause not in the direct sight line of rfid interrogator, thereby can not carry out communication by other container; Or GPRS/GSM signal, satellite-signal are blocked and can not carry out communication.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, realize the boats and ships peril of transportation product container intelligent monitor system that high reliability is communicated by letter thereby providing a kind of can realize group-net communication between container and the case, have GPRS/GSM with the satellite communication automatic switching function.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of boats and ships peril of transportation product container intelligent monitor system comprises automatic monitoring system on the ship, distance transmission system and Surveillance center; Automatic monitoring system comprises the monitoring terminal that is installed on the container chamber door, is laid in the link terminal in the cabin and the convergence terminal of responsible convergence on the described ship, the state of container on the monitoring terminal real-time perception ship, convergence terminal are directly from monitoring terminal or obtain the state information of container on the ship from monitoring terminal by link terminal; With the local monitor center of status information transmission to the ship, handle and report to the police when the state parameter value surpasses predetermined value according to result by this locality that state information is carried out at the local monitor center by gateway and router for convergence terminal; Distance transmission system utilizes GPRS/GSM network or satellite-signal that the state information that convergence terminal obtains is sent to remote monitoring center, remote monitoring center carries out this locality to the state information of obtaining to be handled, the state that shows in real time container on the ship, and report to the police when the state parameter value surpasses predetermined value according to result.
Described monitoring terminal comprises transducer, multichannel ADC, RFID label, ZigBee wireless communication module and monitoring terminal main control unit; The state information of sensor senses internal container, multichannel ADC is digital signal with state information by analog signal conversion, RFID label stored and handheld RFID read write line communicate and goods information in the container number that obtains and the container, the monitoring terminal main control unit reads canned data in the RFID label, send to local monitor center on the ship by the ZigBee wireless communication module, the binding of the device numbering of the monitoring terminal of 64 IEEE address representatives of realization container number and ZigBee wireless communication module, the monitoring terminal main control unit also reads the transducer digital signal that multichannel ADC conversion comes termly, and send to local monitoring center on the ship by the ZigBee wireless communication module, realize the monitoring of container state.
Described link terminal comprises ZigBee wireless communication module and link terminal main control unit; The link terminal main control unit reads state information that the ZigBee wireless communication module receives and the state information that receives is transmitted by the ZigBee wireless communication module by contained destination address in the state information after link terminal system start-up and successfully adding network.
Described convergence terminal comprises ZigBee wireless communication module, convergence terminal main control unit, TCP/IP network interface or RS232/485 serial ports; The convergence terminal main control unit reads state information that the ZigBee wireless communication module received and state information is sent to the local monitor center through TCP/IP network interface or RS232/485 serial ports.
Described distance transmission system utilizes telecommunication intelligence handover module to realize that signal switches, described telecommunication intelligence handover module comprise a GPRS/GSM signal strength signal intensity relatively device, a control satellite communication module enable signal with a door and a control GPRS/GSM communication module enable signal with door; Described GPRS/GSM signal strength signal intensity comparison device is used for the size of comparison GPRS/GSM signal strength signal intensity and predetermined threshold value; Described control satellite communication module two-way input signal enable signal and door is respectively the transmission state detection signal that is used to indicate whether to carry out transfer of data in signal after the output signal negate of GPRS/GSM signal strength signal intensity comparison device and the GPRS/GSM communication module; Described control GPRS/GSM communication module two-way input signal enable signal and door is respectively the transmission state detection signal that is used to indicate whether to carry out transfer of data in the output signal of GPRS/GSM signal strength signal intensity comparison device and the satellite communication module.
Patent of the present invention advantage compared with prior art is:
(1) is installed in monitoring terminal and link terminal on the container chamber door in the dangerous material container intelligent monitor system of the present invention, convergence terminal is formed wireless sensor network, the internal container information of container monitoring terminal collection directly or in the mode of multi-hop communication is passed to local monitor center on the ship, realized the transmission of the monitor signal under the container accumulation situation in the cabin, solved and directly adopted RFID or GPRS/GSM in the existing container monitoring system, satellite can not directly receive the rfid interrogator signal when signal is covered by container or hull during as communication module, the GPRS/GSM base station signal, satellite-signal and the temporary transient disruption of communication that causes has the high characteristics of communication reliability;
(2) the RFID label of monitoring terminal can write down the information such as container number that the handheld RFID read write line writes in the dangerous material container intelligent monitor system of the present invention, by corresponding with 64 IEEE addresses of ZigBee wireless communication module, realize the binding of container number and monitoring terminal, made things convenient for the operations such as data processing, storage on backstage;
(3) dangerous material container intelligent monitor system of the present invention is by having adopted a kind of GPRS/GSM and satellite communication intelligence handover module, make when having GPRS/GSM and satellite-signal at the same time and GPRS/GSM signal strength signal intensity during greater than certain threshold value, preferentially select the GPRS/GSM network to carry out transfer of data, when having the GPRS/GSM signal, do not automatically switch in the satellite communication, thereby realize that the reliable, low-cost of container state data transmitted on the ship.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is system framework figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 forms schematic diagram for monitoring terminal of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the workflow diagram of monitoring terminal of the present invention;
Fig. 4 forms schematic diagram for link terminal of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the workflow diagram of link terminal of the present invention;
Fig. 6 forms schematic diagram for convergence terminal of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the workflow diagram of convergence terminal of the present invention;
The workflow diagram that Fig. 8 once monitors for monitoring terminal of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is telecommunication intelligence handover module circuit theory diagrams of the present invention.
Embodiment
Thereby the invention provides and a kind ofly can realize group-net communication between container and the case, have GPRS/GSM and realize the dangerous material container intelligent monitor system that high reliability is communicated by letter with the satellite communication automatic switching function, be installed in this system that monitoring terminal on the container chamber door can carry out container number by the RFID label on it and the automatic binding of the monitoring terminal device numbering of 64 IEEE address representatives of ZigBee wireless communication module on it, and by wireless sensor network with the multi-hop transmission manner, the data of gathering are routed to local monitoring center on the ship.
Comprise three parts on the overall system of the present invention: automatic monitoring system, distance transmission system and Surveillance center on the ship (comprising local and remote two parts), general structure frame as shown in Figure 1.Be installed in the monitoring terminal that is used for environmental information in the sensing case on the container chamber door, be laid in and be used for the link terminal of repeating signal around the container and the convergence terminal of accumulated information is formed wireless sensor network by the ZigBee wireless communication module on it, can communicate by direct transmission or multi-hop transmission manner between the terminal, thereby when the monitoring terminal on certain container can not be directly and convergence terminal when carrying out communication, can transmit to the convergence terminal multi-hop by neighbours' terminal of this monitoring terminal, realize the reliable transmission of container Monitoring Data.The container state information of sensing is transferred to local monitor center on the ship by gateway and router, and this locality of carrying out information is handled and reported to the police when correlation values surpasses predetermined value according to result.Container state information is also selected to arrive remote monitoring center through GPRS/GSM base station network or satellite transmits by telecommunication intelligence handover module, thereby the realization remote monitoring, and provide additional functions such as dangerous material container state information online query to the authorized person.
As shown in Figure 2, monitoring terminal comprises: the sensor assembly that is used for perception internal container state information, be used to realize the multichannel ADC of sensor die analog signal to the digital signal conversion, memory, warning device, power module (battery), clock circuit, reset circuit, be used for communicating the storage container case number (CN) and storing the RFID label that is loaded in goods information in the container in some cases with the handheld RFID read write line, thereby be used for the communication of container monitoring terminal is carried out in the networking of container monitoring terminal by the multi-hop transmission manner wireless communication module based on the ZigBee technology, be used to control the main control unit of whole monitoring terminal work.The state information of sensor senses internal container, multichannel ADC is digital signal with state information by analog signal conversion, RFID label stored and handheld RFID read write line communicate container number and the interior goods information of container that obtains, main control unit reads canned data in the RFID label, send to local monitor center on the ship by the ZigBee wireless communication module, the realization container number is bound mutually with the device numbering of the monitoring terminal of 64 IEEE address representatives of ZigBee wireless communication module, obtains corresponding digital state information then.
For the ease of with extraneous networking, described monitoring terminal is divided into three parts on the implementation: the RFID label and the ZigBee wireless communication module antenna part that place the container outer side of door; Place the remainder of container chamber door inboard; The cable part and the supporting construction part that connect the two.
The radio frequency interference of RFID label and ZigBee wireless communication module on the described monitoring terminal, the frequency of RFID label should be avoided the 2.4GHz frequency that the ZigBee module adopts on the described monitoring terminal, selects other frequency such as 433MHz for use.
The workflow of monitoring terminal as shown in Figure 3.Behind the monitoring terminal os starting, at first each hardware module is carried out initialization operation and when makeing mistakes, carry out the hardware error warning; If interruption is then opened in the initialization success, initialization procotol and application add the ZigBee wireless sensor network of being set up by convergence terminal.In order to reduce power consumption, realize monitoring for a long time, described monitoring terminal just enters park mode after opening counter; After the time in sampling interval arrived, monitoring terminal changed sampling configuration over to from park mode, and by multichannel ADC the analog signal conversion of sensor assembly is digital signal and reads in main control unit; Main control unit carries out this locality and reports to the police after signal surpasses threshold value, then data is sent by the ZigBee wireless communication module.Monitoring terminal is after finishing a container state information gathering and successfully transmitting, and another enters resting state, till the external interrupt that the halt system operation is arranged occurs.Wherein, in monitoring terminal is opened, have no progeny, just can respond the interruption that the write operation of handheld RFID read write line causes, information such as record container number on the RFID label; Main control unit reads the information such as container number of storing in the RFID label then, send to local monitor center on the ship by the ZigBee wireless communication module, realize the monitoring terminal device numbering of globally unique 64 the IEEE address representatives of each monitoring terminal ZigBee wireless communication module and the binding of container number, make things convenient for subsequent operations such as data processing.
As shown in Figure 4, link terminal comprise memory, warning device, power module (battery), clock circuit, reset circuit, be used to transmit the monitoring terminal data the wireless communication module based on the ZigBee technology, be used to control the main control unit of whole link terminal work.Main control unit reads data that the ZigBee wireless communication module receives and transmits by the ZigBee wireless communication module by the contained destination address of data after link terminal system start-up and successfully adding network.Link terminal is laid in the boats and ships overhead the place of certain distance (more than 1.5 meters), to reduce signal attenuation, strengthens network connectivty.
The workflow of link terminal as shown in Figure 5.Behind the link terminal os starting, at first each hardware module is carried out initialization operation and when makeing mistakes, carry out the hardware error warning; If interruption is then opened in the initialization success, initialization procotol and application add the ZigBee wireless sensor network of being set up by convergence terminal.Subsequently, link terminal monitoring wireless packet.After receiving packet, at first judge whether to carry out the local data processing and carry out corresponding operating, when continuing to transmit, needs carry out follow-up forwarding operation; When the packet that receives does not need local the processing, directly transmit.In the forwarding stage, by reading routing table information, determine to transmit the packet destination address, change the packet destination address in view of the above and packet is carried out packing, transmit packet by the ZigBee wireless communication module then.After forwarding is finished, change monitored data bag step again over to, till the external interrupt that the halt system operation is arranged occurs.
As shown in Figure 6, convergence terminal comprise memory, warning device, power module, clock circuit, reset circuit, be used to transmit data the wireless communication module based on the ZigBee technology, be used to control whole convergence terminal work main control unit, be used for ship on local monitor center the TCP/IP network interface or the RS232/485 serial ports that communicate.Main control unit is controlled the operation of whole convergence terminal, by reading data that the ZigBee wireless communication module received and data being sent to the local monitor center through TCP/IP network interface or RS232/485 serial ports.Because therefore the long-term continuous firing of convergence terminal adopts the cable power supply.
The workflow of convergence terminal as shown in Figure 7.Behind the convergence terminal os starting, at first each hardware module is carried out initialization operation and when makeing mistakes, carry out the hardware error warning; If interruption is then opened in the initialization success, the initialization procotol is also set up the ZigBee wireless sensor network.Subsequently, convergence terminal monitoring wireless packet.After receiving packet, judge send mode, call RS232/485 or TCP/IP sending module and send to local monitor center on the ship according to judged result.After forwarding is finished, change monitored data bag step again over to, till the external interrupt that the halt system operation is arranged occurs.
Figure 8 shows that monitoring terminal of the present invention is installed in the workflow of carrying out a dangerous material container transportation monitoring on the container.By the handheld RFID read write line described monitoring terminal write case number (CN) information and with unique 64 IEEE address bindings of ZigBee wireless communication module, realize the corresponding of Monitoring Data and case number (CN).In transportation, the interior environmental state information of the vasculum in monitoring terminal cycle also is uploaded to monitoring center, realizes the whole process monitoring of dangerous material container transportation.
Concrete steps are as described below:
Step S1: at the harbour or dock container Before Loading, described monitoring terminal is installed on the container chamber door to be transported, and opens terminal, enter operating state.
Step S2:, on the handheld RFID read write line, import container number by modes such as scanning or manual inputs.
Step S3: under some necessary situation, utilize handheld RFID that the RFID label of the goods that packs into the container is scanned, read institute's lade information in the case.
Step S4: container number and the container cargo information imported in the handheld RFID label in the S3 step under step S2 and the necessary situation are write in the monitoring terminal RFID label.
Step S5: the main control unit in the monitoring terminal reads container goods information under container number and some the necessary situation from the RFID label, and the device numbering of the monitoring terminal of globally unique 64 the IEEE address representatives that self had together with the ZigBee chip sends to local monitor center on the ship through the ZigBee wireless communication module.
Step S6: the monitoring terminal device numbering of 64 IEEE address representatives of container number and ZigBee chip is bound at the local monitor center on the ship, and the realization sampled data is corresponding with container number.
Step S7: the data that monitoring terminal regularly will include device numbering send to local monitor center on the ship, and send to remote monitoring center by distance transmission system, thereby realize the on-line monitoring in the dangerous material container transportation.
Step S8: after container arrives the destination, unload monitoring terminal, wait for next time and reusing.
Distance transmission system in the present embodiment is positioned at and is beneficial to the place that receives radio signals on the deck, links to each other with boat-carrying local monitor center through router by cable, realizes the long-range reliable transmission of front end data simultaneously by GPRS/GSM or satellite communication.Wherein adopted a kind of GPRS/GSM and satellite communication intelligence handover module, make when having GPRS/GSM and satellite-signal and GPRS/GSM signal strength signal intensity at the same time greater than predetermined threshold value, preferentially select the GPRS/GSM network to carry out transfer of data, and when not having the GPRS/GSM signal, automatically switch in the satellite communication, thereby realized reliable, the low-cost transmission of container state data on the ship.
Figure 9 shows that telecommunication intelligence handover module circuit theory diagrams of the present invention.This module by a GPRS/GSM signal strength signal intensity comparison device, a control satellite communication module enable signal with the constituting an of door and a control GPRS/GSM communication module enable signal with door.GPRS/GSM signal strength signal intensity comparison device is used for the size of comparison GPRS/GSM signal strength signal intensity and predetermined threshold value, and when the GPRS/GSM signal strength signal intensity was higher than this predetermined threshold value, comparator was output as height.Control satellite communication module two-way input signal enable signal and door is respectively the transmission state test side signal (for example can adopt the output signal of the data carrier test side of GPRS/GSM communication chip SIM300) that is used for indicating whether to carry out transfer of data in signal after the output signal negate of aforementioned GPRS/GSM signal strength signal intensity comparison device and the GPRS/GSM communication module.When the GPRS/GSM signal strength signal intensity is lower than when not having data transmitting in predetermined threshold value and the GPRS/GSM communication module, enable the satellite communication module.Control GPRS/GSM communication module two-way input signal enable signal and door is respectively the transmission state test side signal that is used to indicate whether to carry out transfer of data in the output signal of aforementioned GPRS/GSM signal strength signal intensity comparison device and the satellite communication module.When the GPRS/GSM signal strength signal intensity is higher than when not having data transmitting in predetermined threshold value and the satellite communication module, enable the GPRS/GSM communication module.By enabling the related communication module, the container state signal on the data/address bus is transferred to remote monitoring center.
Above-mentioned threshold value is determined by following formula:
Threshold value=reference voltage * R1/ (R1+R2)
Wherein, R1, R2 size are determined through overtesting according to the GPRS/GSM communication quality.
Front end data is pooled to the server of remote central control centre through the fixed charge method earth station of GPRS/GSM ground base station or satellite-signal at last, and unifies to handle.In remote central control centre,, each container state information is provided on each ship and carries out functions such as Realtime Alerts by the positional information of each ship of large scale display.
The processing that the wireless sensor network institute returned data that monitoring terminal, link terminal and convergence terminal are formed is crossed by the local monitoring center of boat-carrying, comprehensive monitoring is transported dangerous cargo medium and casing state, realizes the processing and the early warning of local signal.
The content that is not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belongs to those skilled in the art's known technology.
Claims (5)
1. a boats and ships peril of transportation product container intelligent monitor system is characterized in that comprising: automatic monitoring system, distance transmission system and Surveillance center on the ship; Automatic monitoring system comprises the monitoring terminal that is installed on the container chamber door, is laid in the link terminal in the cabin and the convergence terminal of responsible convergence on the described ship, the state of container on the monitoring terminal real-time perception ship, convergence terminal are directly from monitoring terminal or obtain the state information of container on the ship from monitoring terminal by link terminal; With the local monitor center of status information transmission to the ship, handle and report to the police when the state parameter value surpasses predetermined value according to result by this locality that state information is carried out at the local monitor center by gateway and router for convergence terminal; Distance transmission system utilizes GPRS/GSM network or satellite-signal that the state information that convergence terminal obtains is sent to remote monitoring center, remote monitoring center carries out this locality to the state information of obtaining to be handled, the state that shows in real time container on the ship, and report to the police when the state parameter value surpasses predetermined value according to result.
2. a kind of boats and ships peril of transportation product container intelligent monitor system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described monitoring terminal comprises transducer, multichannel ADC, RFID label, ZigBee wireless communication module and monitoring terminal main control unit; The state information of sensor senses internal container, multichannel ADC is digital signal with state information by analog signal conversion, RFID label stored and handheld RFID read write line communicate and goods information in the container number that obtains and the container, the monitoring terminal main control unit reads canned data in the RFID label, send to local monitor center on the ship by the ZigBee wireless communication module, the binding of the device numbering of the monitoring terminal of 64 IEEE address representatives of realization container number and ZigBee wireless communication module, the monitoring terminal main control unit also reads the transducer digital signal that multichannel ADC conversion comes termly, and send to local monitoring center on the ship by the ZigBee wireless communication module, realize the monitoring of container state.
3. a kind of boats and ships peril of transportation product container intelligent monitor system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described link terminal comprises ZigBee wireless communication module and link terminal main control unit; The link terminal main control unit reads state information that the ZigBee wireless communication module receives and the state information that receives is transmitted by the ZigBee wireless communication module by contained destination address in the state information after link terminal system start-up and successfully adding network.
4. a kind of boats and ships peril of transportation product container intelligent monitor system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described convergence terminal comprises ZigBee wireless communication module, convergence terminal main control unit, TCP/IP network interface or RS232/485 serial ports; The convergence terminal main control unit reads state information that the ZigBee wireless communication module received and state information is sent to the local monitor center through TCP/IP network interface or RS232/485 serial ports.
5. a kind of boats and ships peril of transportation product container intelligent monitor system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described distance transmission system utilizes telecommunication intelligence handover module to realize that signal switches, described telecommunication intelligence handover module comprise a GPRS/GSM signal strength signal intensity relatively device, a control satellite communication module enable signal with a door and a control GPRS/GSM communication module enable signal with door; Described GPRS/GSM signal strength signal intensity comparison device is used for the size of comparison GPRS/GSM signal strength signal intensity and predetermined threshold value; Described control satellite communication module two-way input signal enable signal and door is respectively the transmission state detection signal that is used to indicate whether to carry out transfer of data in signal after the output signal negate of GPRS/GSM signal strength signal intensity comparison device and the GPRS/GSM communication module; Described control GPRS/GSM communication module two-way input signal enable signal and door is respectively the transmission state detection signal that is used to indicate whether to carry out transfer of data in the output signal of GPRS/GSM signal strength signal intensity comparison device and the satellite communication module.
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