CN102222964B - Equalizing system and method for energy storage system - Google Patents
Equalizing system and method for energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102222964B CN102222964B CN 201110177657 CN201110177657A CN102222964B CN 102222964 B CN102222964 B CN 102222964B CN 201110177657 CN201110177657 CN 201110177657 CN 201110177657 A CN201110177657 A CN 201110177657A CN 102222964 B CN102222964 B CN 102222964B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an equalizing system and method for an energy storage system. The equalizing system comprises a generating set, an electric energy combining system, a DC (Direct Current) bus, a charging module, a storage battery pack, a grid-connected inverter, a user module, a constant current source and an equalizing power supply input end. The generating set is connected tp the electric energy combining system; the electric energy combining system is connected with the charging module through the DC bus; the charging module is connected with the storage battery pack; the grid-connected inverter and the user module are sequentially connected to the DC bus; the constant current source is connected onto the user module; an alternate current passing through the inverter is converted into a direct current by the constant current source and the constant current source is connected to the storage battery pack by an equalizing bus connected to the equalizing power supply input end;and the constant current source is used for converting an AC (Alternate Current) output passing through the grid-connected inverter into a DC output and is used as an equalizing source to equalize battery monomers in the storage battery pack. Due to the adoption of the equalizing system and the equalizing method, the effective dynamic equalization can be realized. Moreover, a great amount of heatcannot be generated in the equalizing process and the charging and discharging efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to equalizing system and the equalization methods of extensive power storage system, particularly energy-storage system.
Background technology
In the generation of electricity by new energy field, adopt extensive accumulate technology, can make the power output of unsettled new forms of energy electric power smoothly adjustable, unsettled electric energy input is become continuous, safe and reliable electric energy output, the impact of Reduce variation electric energy to electrical network, the difficult problem thereby solution new forms of energy electric power is incorporated into the power networks.For island, remote districts etc. from the net generation of electricity by new energy, extensive power storage system can realize that electric power smoothly reaches storage, to satisfy generating electricity and there is no the exert oneself regular supply of electric power in situation of new forms of energy from net of island, remote districts etc.
Fail safe, energy storage efficiency are two important parameters investigating energy-storage system.Temperature is the important external factor that affects battery cell charge/discharge capacity, energy-storage battery security of system; The internal resistance of battery and module are interior, the consistency of intermodule battery is the important internal factor that affects the energy-storage system performance.Extensive energy storage need to get up to obtain with a large amount of cell connection in series-parallel the output of larger stored energy capacitance and higher-wattage, in the situation that consider fail safe, the energy storage size of battery pack depends on the charge-discharge characteristic that differs from a batteries most.Because battery might not be that same batch of manufacturing and manufacture process itself have certain otherness, and along with the growth of service time of battery, the mutual difference of battery performance can be more remarkable, and the cell of series connection is more, and inconsistency is just more outstanding.If battery is not carried out balanced management, along with charge and discharge cycles is carried out, the inconsistent meeting between cell causes the charge less electricity, overcharges and overdischarge, has a strong impact on serviceability and the life-span of battery pack, and can cause serious potential safety hazard.
Existing balancing technique, what use at most is only to use resistance battery pack is carried out dissipative equalization in charging process, the balanced principle of resistance is as shown in Figure 1.The problem of this balanced way maximum is that resistance can produce a large amount of heat in balancing procedure, has reduced efficiency for charge-discharge, causes the huge waste of effective storage power; Produce simultaneously a large amount of heat, also increased the burden of heat management.Existing non-dissipative type equalization methods mainly comprises switching capacity equalization methods etc., and circuit is complicated, balancing speed waits problem slowly but tend to exist.
Therefore, prior art has yet to be improved and developed.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of equalization scheme of energy-storage system, be intended to solve existing resistance dissipative equalization mode and produce a large amount of heat in balancing procedure, cause the huge waste of effective storage power; Produced simultaneously large calorimetric, the problems such as burden of increase heat management.Solve simultaneously, by single equilibrium slow problem of balancing speed in large capacity energy storage system.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of equalizing system of energy-storage system, wherein, comprise Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), electric energy combination system, dc bus, charging module, batteries, combining inverter, line module, constant-current source, balanced power input, described Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) is connected on the electric energy combination system, described electric energy combination system connects charging module by dc bus, and described charging module connects batteries; Be connected with combining inverter and line module on described dc bus in turn, constant-current source is connected on line module, to change direct current into through the alternating current after inverter, and be connected to batteries by the equalizing bus bar that is connected on balanced power input, constant-current source carries out equilibrium as balanced source to the battery cell in batteries being transformed into direct current output through the output of the interchange after combining inverter.
The equalizing system of described energy-storage system, wherein, batteries comprises energy-storage module and energy storage control unit, the charging end of described energy-storage module all level is associated on balanced power input, be connected in series between the output of energy-storage module, described energy storage control unit is connected to energy-storage module by the can bus.
The equalizing system of described energy-storage system, wherein, described energy-storage module comprises unit controls module, balanced Power Entry Module and monomer bag, the balanced Power Entry Module of described energy-storage module all is connected in parallel on the both positive and negative polarity of balanced power input; Unit controls module in described energy-storage module is connected to energy storage control module by the can bus, and described unit controls module is connected to the monomer bag by the lin bus, and the equalizing bus bar of monomer bag is connected to balanced Power Entry Module.
The equalizing system of described energy-storage system, wherein, described batteries comprises a plurality of energy-storage modules, the charging end of each energy-storage module all level is associated on balanced power input.
The equalizing system of described energy-storage system, wherein, each energy-storage module comprises two or more monomer bags that are connected in series.
The equalizing system of described energy-storage system, wherein, each monomer bag comprises a cell, microprocessor and isolation module and positive limit, negative pole point, lin bus and equalizing bus bar, the two poles of the earth of described cell are connected respectively on positive limit and negative pole point and on microprocessor, described equalizing bus bar is connected on microprocessor, described lin bus is connected on microprocessor by isolation module, and described lin bus is connected on control end; Described equalizing bus bar is connected on balanced power input; Described positive limit is connected with negative pole and is connected electric energy output end.
The equalizing system of described energy-storage system, wherein, energy transfer module in parallel on the electrode of each monomer bag, each energy transfer module disperses to be installed in parallel on balanced Power Entry Module.
A kind of equalization methods of energy-storage system, wherein, described microprocessor gathers the voltage of each cell in energy-storage module, and send to the energy storage control unit, described energy storage control unit calculates the average voltage of the cell in each energy-storage module, when a certain monomer battery voltage in a certain energy-storage module lower than its place energy-storage module in the average voltage of cell, the microprocessor controls cell in the monomer bag is connected with equalizing bus bar, cell absorbs the electric current on equalizing bus bar, begins this cell is carried out equilibrium; When this monomer battery voltage reached the average voltage of cell in energy-storage module, cell and equalizing bus bar disconnected, and finish the equilibrium of this joint cell, then the cell of another joint low-voltage were carried out equilibrium treatment.
The equalization methods of described energy-storage system wherein, will be transferred on equalizing bus bar and by the battery cell of voltage lower than average voltage higher than the electric weight of the cell of average voltage by energy transfer module with the energy branch mode and absorb.
The equalization methods of described energy-storage system, wherein, if the voltage of all cells in a certain energy-storage module is all balanced, but lower than the average voltage between each energy-storage module in energy-storage system, all cells of this energy-storage module are connected with equalizing bus bar, absorb the electric current on equalizing bus bar, and each single battery in energy-storage module is all mended electricity, until the voltage of this energy-storage module reaches the average voltage of energy-storage units module, finish the equilibrium of energy-storage system.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention by use simultaneously the non-dissipative type energy transfer module and in the system user load storage battery system is carried out equilibrium as the benefit electricity mode of Constant current input, can carry out equilibrium to single battery at any time, as long as there is monomer battery voltage low, satisfy equilibrium condition, no matter energy-storage units or module are in charging, discharge or laying state, all can be balanced immediately, realize effective dynamic equalization, can not produce a large amount of heats in addition in balancing procedure, improve efficiency for charge-discharge.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the balanced schematic diagram of existing resistance;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that in the present invention, load type is mended the electrical equalization system;
Fig. 3 uses in the present invention to mend electric formula and the balanced schematic diagram of energy transfer type simultaneously;
Fig. 4 is monomer bag schematic diagram in the present invention;
Fig. 5 mends energy-storage module structural representation in electric formula equalizing system in the present invention.
Embodiment
For making purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, clear and definite, developing simultaneously referring to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail for embodiment.
Load type benefit electrical equalization system comprises Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), electric energy combination system, dc bus, charging module, batteries, combining inverter, line module, constant-current source, balanced power input.Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) is provided with a plurality of in system provided by the invention, Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) 1, Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) 2 ..., Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) n (wherein n is more than or equal to 2), and all be connected on the electric energy combination system, described electric energy combination system connects charging module by dc bus, and described charging module connects batteries; Be connected with combining inverter and line module on described dc bus in turn, constant-current source is connected on line module, will change direct current into through the alternating current after inverter.And be connected to batteries by the equalizing bus bar that is connected on balanced power input.
The equalizing system of energy-storage system provided by the invention and equalization methods are to forward on equalizing bus bar with the electric energy of energy branch mode with the high-voltage battery monomer, and are absorbed by the battery cell of low-voltage, carry out dynamic equalization.But when the energy shortage of high-voltage battery monomer transfer is electric to mend to the low-voltage monomer, as a supplement, the present invention also adopts the electric mode of mending: passing through constant-current source through the output of the interchange after inverter, be transformed into direct current output, as balanced source, flow into equalizing bus bar, the monomer in power storage system and unit are carried out equilibrium, improve balanced speed and effect.
Use the non-dissipative type energy transfer module storage battery system is carried out equilibrium.The thinking of the equilibrium that energy shifts, forwards on equilibrium line with the electric energy of energy branch mode with the high-voltage battery monomer take voltage as criterion for utilizing switch power technology, and is absorbed by the battery cell of low-voltage, carries out dynamic equalization.
This energy shifts and replenishes in equilibrium, energy transfer module in parallel on the electrode of each monomer bag, and each energy transfer module disperses to be installed in parallel on every joint storage battery, as shown in Figure 3.Energy transfer module is mainly used the DC/DC switch power technology, the electric weight of high-tension cell is transferred on the cell of low-voltage with the energy branch mode, namely take voltage as criterion, to transfer on equalizing bus bar higher than the energy of the cell of average voltage with the energy branch mode, and be absorbed by the battery cell of voltage lower than average voltage.It is that two-way simultaneous carries out that electric weight shifts, and namely the electric weight of any joint high-voltage battery, can walk abreast simultaneously and transfer to any joint low-voltage battery, thereby reach the equilibrium of cell voltage.
Microprocessor in described monomer bag gathers the voltage of each cell in energy-storage units, the voltage data of monomer bag uploads to the energy storage control unit by Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) (SPI) transmission means, energy storage control unit processor calculates the average voltage of cell in energy-storage units, and its computing formula is: average voltage U
On averageIn=energy-storage module total voltage/energy-storage module, whether the cell sum, need balanced foundation as each cell, i.e. equilibrium makes workable foundation.
After monomer bag and energy transfer module join well, just begin balanced operation, energy transfer module detects its monomer bag cell voltage that connects on one side, detect other monomer bag cell voltages by equalizing bus bar on one side, draw the battery pack average voltage, cell voltage and battery pack average voltage are compared, if cell voltage is higher than average voltage, in module, circuit is by the DC/DC converter, and the energy that will exceed flows into equalizing bus bar; If cell voltage is lower than average voltage, the electric weight that in module, circuit absorbs on equalizing bus bar charges to this battery.
Continuation is referring to Fig. 3, and in the present invention, energy shifts balanced way owing to being that bidirectional energy flows, and can carry out the infinite cascade of monomer.But in extensive battery energy storage system, number of batteries is numerous, in order to simplify battery management system, reduces the complexity of management, and guarantees balancing speed and efficient, and the battery energy storage system is divided into a plurality of unit, and balanced system take the unit as unit.The equilibrium of energy transfer type has the characteristics of low-power consumption, but balancing speed is slower.In order to improve balancing speed, the present invention proposes to use the external power supply equilibrium as a supplement on the basis of above-mentioned balanced way.Take the equilibrium of energy transfer type as main, it is auxiliary mending electric formula equilibrium.
The basic principle of mending electric formula equilibrium is: referring to Fig. 2, load type that the embodiment of the present invention one provides is mended the electrical equalization principle: will mend power supply and be used as a load in the user, external AC/DC constant-current source by equalizing bus bar, carries out equilibrium to the monomer bag of energy-storage module in energy-storage system.
Constant-current source is worked as a load in the user, being transformed into direct current output through the output of the interchange after inverter, as balanced source, by the lin bus, monomer in module is carried out equilibrium, the can bus is carried out equilibrium to module, completes battery cell and the module of batteries in power storage system are carried out equilibrium.
Because constant-current source benefit electric weight is limited, can not carry out equilibrium to whole energy-storage system simultaneously, in this balanced management method, the batteries in energy-storage system is divided into a plurality of energy-storage modules, as shown in Figure 5.Described batteries comprise the first energy-storage module, the second energy-storage module ..., n energy-storage module and energy storage control unit, described the first energy-storage module, the second energy-storage module ..., the n energy-storage module the charging end all level be associated on balanced power input, be connected in series between the output of each energy-storage module.Described energy storage control unit connects each energy-storage module by the can bus.
Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 5, described energy-storage module comprises unit controls module, balanced Power Entry Module and a plurality of monomer bag, and the balanced Power Entry Module of described each energy-storage module all is connected in parallel on balanced power input and gets on both positive and negative polarity; Unit controls module in described each energy-storage module is connected to energy storage control module by the can bus, and described unit controls module is connected to each monomer bag by the lin bus, and the equalizing bus bar of each monomer bag is connected to balanced Power Entry Module.
In present case, the each corresponding energy-storage module of constant-current source, constant-current source carries out equilibrium to corresponding energy-storage module and mends electricity.Each energy-storage module comprises two or more monomer bags that are connected in series, be the internal structure schematic diagram of monomer bag referring to Fig. 4, each monomer bag comprises a cell, a microprocessor (MPU) and isolation module and positive limit, negative pole point, lin bus and equalizing bus bar.The two poles of the earth of described cell are connected respectively on positive limit and negative pole point and on microprocessor, and described equalizing bus bar is connected on microprocessor, and described lin bus is connected on microprocessor by isolation module, and described lin bus is connected on control end; Described equalizing bus bar is connected on balanced power input; Described positive limit is connected with negative pole and is connected electric energy output end.
Take voltage as criterion, by mending electricity to the low battery of voltage, make the realization that maintains an equal level of itself and the voltage of other battery balanced in load type balanced way of the present invention.Balanced order is for first to carry out equilibrium to each cell in module, then module and intermodule are carried out equilibrium.
Microprocessor in described monomer bag gathers the voltage of each cell in energy-storage module, after crossing Lin bus and isolation module, balanced enable pass inputs to microprocessor (MPU), MPU controls the annexation of single battery and equalizing bus bar again, connects to enter equilibrium state.The voltage data of monomer bag uploads to the energy storage control unit by Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) (SPI) transmission means, and energy storage control unit processor calculates the average voltage of cell in energy-storage module, and its computing formula is: average voltage U
On averageCell sum in=energy-storage module voltage/energy-storage module is as the foundation of intermodule equilibrium.
The equalization methods of said system is: a certain monomer battery voltage U in a certain energy-storage module
nLower than the average voltage of cell in this module, as U
n＜U
On average, begin cell n is carried out equilibrium.At this moment, the microprocessor MPU in the monomer bag is controlled inner electronic switch, and switch is closed, and the electric current on equilibrium line flows into single battery through electronic switch.If the voltage U of cell m
m, cell n voltage U
nAll less than average voltage U
On average, the MPU in cell m and cell n all controls inner electronic switch, and switch is closed, and the electric current on equilibrium line can flow into cell m, cell n simultaneously.Disconnect electronic switch after the electric voltage equalization of each cell in module.Thereby realize the equilibrium of monomer battery voltage in energy-storage module.
Although, the electric voltage equalization between the cell in energy-storage module, the global voltage U ' of each energy-storage module
nAnd between the global voltage of other energy-storage modules, unbalanced problem may appear.
Therefore, if in a certain energy-storage module, the voltage of all cells is all balanced, but the global voltage U ' of this energy-storage module
nAverage voltage U ' lower than the global voltage of each energy-storage module in energy-storage system
On averageThe balanced power supply of this energy-storage system (being constant-current source) all mends electricity for all cells in this energy-storage module, until the global voltage of this energy-storage module reaches the average voltage of the global voltage of energy-storage module, described energy-storage system finishes the equilibrium between energy-storage module.
Equalization scheme in the present invention is applicable to the power storage system of generation of electricity by new energy, is applicable to simultaneously be applied in the extensive battery power storage system such as power plant, intelligent grid.
The present invention by use simultaneously the non-dissipative type energy transfer module and in the system user load storage battery system is carried out equilibrium as the benefit electricity mode of Constant current input, can carry out equilibrium to single battery at any time, as long as there is monomer battery voltage low, satisfy equilibrium condition, no matter energy-storage units or module are in charging, discharge or laying state, all can be balanced immediately, realize effective dynamic equalization, can not produce a large amount of heats in addition in balancing procedure, improve efficiency for charge-discharge.
Should be understood that, application of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned giving an example, and for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or conversion, and all these improve and conversion all should belong to the protection range of claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the equalizing system of an energy-storage system, it is characterized in that, comprise Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), electric energy combination system, dc bus, charging module, batteries, combining inverter, line module, constant-current source, balanced power input, described Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) is connected on the electric energy combination system, described electric energy combination system connects charging module by dc bus, and described charging module connects batteries; Be connected with combining inverter and line module on described dc bus in turn, constant-current source is connected on line module, to change direct current into through the alternating current after inverter, and be connected to batteries by the equalizing bus bar that is connected on balanced power input, constant-current source carries out equilibrium as balanced source to the battery cell in batteries being transformed into direct current output through the output of the interchange after combining inverter.
2. the equalizing system of energy-storage system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, batteries comprises energy-storage module and energy storage control unit, the charging end of described energy-storage module all level is associated on balanced power input, be connected in series between the output of energy-storage module, described energy storage control unit is connected to energy-storage module by the can bus.
3. the equalizing system of energy-storage system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described energy-storage module comprises unit controls module, balanced Power Entry Module and monomer bag, and the balanced Power Entry Module of described energy-storage module all is connected in parallel on the both positive and negative polarity of balanced power input; Unit controls module in described energy-storage module is connected to the energy storage control unit by the can bus, and described unit controls module is connected to the monomer bag by the lin bus, and the equalizing bus bar of monomer bag is connected to balanced Power Entry Module.
4. the equalizing system of energy-storage system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described batteries comprises a plurality of energy-storage modules, and the charging end of each energy-storage module all level is associated on balanced power input.
5. the equalizing system of energy-storage system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, each energy-storage module comprises two or more monomer bags that are connected in series.
6. the equalizing system of energy-storage system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, each monomer bag comprises a cell, microprocessor and isolation module and positive limit, negative pole point, lin bus and equalizing bus bar, the two poles of the earth of described cell are connected respectively on positive limit and negative pole point and on microprocessor, described equalizing bus bar is connected on microprocessor, described lin bus is connected on microprocessor by isolation module, and described lin bus is connected on the unit controls module; Described equalizing bus bar is connected on balanced power input; Described positive limit is connected with negative pole and is connected electric energy output end.
7. the equalizing system of according to claim 3-6 described energy-storage systems of any one, is characterized in that, energy transfer module in parallel on the electrode of each monomer bag, and each energy transfer module disperses to be installed in parallel on balanced Power Entry Module.
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Families Citing this family (10)
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| FR2982091B1 (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2013-11-01 | Renault Sa | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MANAGING ELECTRICAL CHARGES OF BATTERY CELLS |
| CN103208827A (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2013-07-17 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Balance control system and method for high-capacity serial connected battery packs |
| CN102664432A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-09-12 | 东莞新能德科技有限公司 | Equalization battery system based on bidirectional energy transfer |
| CN104901377B (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2018-03-30 | 深圳市华宝新能源股份有限公司 | Energy storage charging equipment and mobile charging device |
| CN104993602A (en) * | 2015-06-22 | 2015-10-21 | 北京清能世福科技有限公司 | Modular energy storage system |
| CN108879855A (en) * | 2018-07-14 | 2018-11-23 | 芜湖益浩昌智能设备有限公司 | A kind of energy storage device of generation of electricity by new energy |
| CN109038710A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-12-18 | 宁波中车新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of system and method for supercapacitor active equalization |
| CN112078369A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-12-15 | 宁波中车新能源科技有限公司 | Regenerative braking energy feedback device for urban rail transit train |
| CN112078370B (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2022-05-03 | 宁波中车新能源科技有限公司 | Regenerative braking energy feedback system for urban rail transit train |
| CN115001114B (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-11-18 | 深圳奥特迅电力设备股份有限公司 | Circuit, control method and system for keeping group voltage balance of storage battery |
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