CN1022079C - Method for breeding cotton through hybridization of three varieties - Google Patents
Method for breeding cotton through hybridization of three varieties Download PDFInfo
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- CN1022079C CN1022079C CN 90101260 CN90101260A CN1022079C CN 1022079 C CN1022079 C CN 1022079C CN 90101260 CN90101260 CN 90101260 CN 90101260 A CN90101260 A CN 90101260A CN 1022079 C CN1022079 C CN 1022079C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a seed breeding technique of hybrid cotton. The seed breeding technique comprises the selection breeding of sterile lines, maintenance lines and restoring lines and a method for producing hybrids by using the sterile lines, the maintenance lines and the restoring lines, which belongs to the technical field of the seed breeding technique of cotton nucleo-cytoplasmic interaction type male sterile three line hybrids, particularly to the seed breeding technique of the cytoplasmic nucleo-cytoplasmic interaction type male sterile three lines of upland cotton. With the maintenance lines of the present invention, the sterile rate and the sterile degree can be totally 100%, and the restoring rate of the restoring lines to the sterile lines can reach 100%. By using the technique of the present invention to produce seeds, the labors can be saved by 50%, and the general yield increase can be from 20 to 30%.
Description
The present invention is the breeding method of a kind of hybrid cotton, belongs to cotton nucleo-cytoplasmic interaction type male sterility three line crossbreed breeding technical field, specifically belongs to the cytoplasmic nucleo-cytoplasmic interaction type of upland cotton male sterility three line breeding method.
Current use in the world that the three series mating technology has successfully been cultivated and popularizing planting various crop such as hybrid maize, hybrid sorghum, hybrid rice.But because the three series mating technology fails thoroughly to break through, so the application of hybrid cotton still is in a backward condition aspect cotton.But because the hybrid vigour volume increase is quite outstanding, therefore produce hybrid cotton in the following way in some areas of the country that has a large population and a few land: (1) is paid a large amount of labours and is done the artificial hybridization production of hybrid seeds to produce hybrid cotton, reach tens million of mus as indian country popularizing planting hybrid cotton, No. 4 volume increase of the hybrid cotton that they make reach 1-2 doubly.Land productivities such as China Shandong, Henan are planted hybrid cotton with artificial hybrid seeding also several ten thousand mu.(2) be to utilize caryon sterile line to take the two line method production of hybrid seeds to produce hybrid cotton; Utilize this mode to produce hybrid cotton as China Sichuan and reach 3,000,000 mu.Though can saving, the two line method production of hybrid seeds castrates manually, but also to pull out half invalid educated strain during the production of hybrid seeds, therefore these two kinds of methods are that recruitment is many equally, the cost height, seed production is low, can not satisfy large tracts of land for planting, can only be limited under the condition of having a large population and a few land, temporarily be applied on the small size or under the planting patterns of employing seedling raising and transplanting.(3) utilize chemical emasculation and indication trait to produce crossbreed; The hybrid impurity that this method is produced is more, and seed is seriously impure, can't use.Solve kind of the problem that supplies under the large tracts of land machine power sowing condition, the essential seeding technique that solves three series mating.
Three is aspect the research, according to external report, so far think have only the U.S. have cytoplasmic plasmotype three based materials of gossypium harknessii brand can be tentatively supporting, but this cover material is introduced the qualification result of China according to China agricultural Dou institute Cotton Research Institute, prove it and fail to finish supporting entirely.It has only male sterile line and maintenance line to reach supporting requirement, does not reach a standard and recover system.Two recovery systems that this reason U.S. directly introduces all have fertility to separate.The fertility that this recovery system is described is extremely unstable, and recovery capability is very poor.As these 19 first generations of hybrid of introducing by the direct preparation of the U.S., through planting experimentally the result, generally have sterile strain and account for 20-40%, maximum more than 50%, as seen recover the strain rate and can only reach 60-80%, minimum can only recover about 50%, because the recovery level is low, and hybrid vigour is not strong, and output is very low.Therefore can not offer production application.There is the result of study of U.S. expert Wei Er to propose recently again.Think that this kind has gossypium harknessii brand hybrid that cytoplasmic male sterile line is joined, owing to be subjected to that gossypium harknessii brand is cytoplasmic to be influenced, the output of its hybrid will be lower than the output of normal upland cotton cytoplasm hybrid, so he offers a negation to the value of this cover material.
Recently, the farming one teacher institute of agricultural sciences of Xinjiang of China formation of production and construction successfully utilizes cytoplasmic plasmotype three based materials of U.S.'s gossypium harknessii brand, transformation becomes sea-island cotton and upland cotton male sterile line and corresponding maintenance line one cover thereof, its sterile degree and sterile plant rate all can reach 100%, and the recovery of breeding is relatively poor, reach 100% although recover the strain rate, but restoring degree has only 93-96%, minimum has only 76%, therefore uses to be restricted on producing, and substantially still belongs to the supporting improvement of the U.S.'s three based materials.
Purpose of the present invention is exactly at above-mentioned problem, a kind of and the complete different three series mating breeding technologies of cytoplasmic plasmotype three based materials of U.S.'s gossypium harknessii brand are proposed, by the cotton cytoplasmic male sterilty three that selects is (male sterile line, maintenance line, recovery system), the strong advantage combination of preparation cotton, thus cotton yield per unit area improved greatly.
The present invention has the cytoplasmic nucleo-cytoplasmic interaction type of upland cotton cotton three series hybrid breeding method: divide following step:
1, sterile line breeding: short cotton and army's sponge hybridization, selfing then with stone, hybridize again, male sterile line 104-7A is selected in selfing again.Do not have more than five generations of 48A, stone short 5A, middle 521A, middle 58A, middle extra large A transformation with cotton No. 8 of Ji, Jimian No. 10, cotton No. 11 of Ji, cotton No. 12 of Ji, cotton No. 13 of Ji, cotton No. 14 of Ji, Hunan respectively with male sterile line 104-7A, 11 of corresponding male sterile lines promptly, male sterile line Ji cotton 8, Ji cotton 10, Ji cotton 11, Ji cotton 12, Ji cotton 13, Ji cotton 14, Hunan do not have 48A, stone short 5A, middle 521A, middle 58A, middle extra large A.The male sterile line that 11 five generations of transformation are above, except that male sterile, other proterties are almost equal with former kind, as middle 58A, 1.1 meters of plant heights, leaf medium, the few hair of stem is slightly red, plant type tower shape, and corolla is more smaller than former kind, the stamen WUHUAFEN, the long 27mm of main body suede, ginning outturn 48-49%, seed refer to about 8 grams, specific strength 21.7, mic value 4.5.
2, the seed selection of maintenance line: but cotton No. 8 of Ji, Jimian No. 10, cotton No. 11 of Ji, cotton No. 12 of Ji, cotton No. 13 of Ji, cotton No. 14 of Ji, Hunan there are not the maintenance line that 48A, stone short 5A, middle 521A, middle 58A, middle extra large A carry out the corresponding male sterile line of transformation Cheng Yuqi.
3, recover the seed selection of system: being gone out to recover by the 0-613-2 systematic breeding is 641.
4, utilizing male sterile line, maintenance line, the recovery select is the Hybrid that goes out upland cotton or sea-island cotton capable of being combined.
Utilize 11 kinds of above male sterile lines one of any do maternal, make paternal hybrid with its corresponding maintenance line, can make its offspring keep 100% sterile, according to extra large A(7124 in the male sterile line of measuring in 11 kinds of male sterile lines) be male sterile line with enchancer: promptly all show as sterile to any maintenance line.Recovery is 641 to have the recovery enchancer, promptly can both recover and can educate any male sterile line, and recovering strain rate and restoring degree all is 100%, and restorability is good.
Characteristics of the present invention:
1, the male sterile line 104-7A of seed selection of the present invention is the cytoplasm of upland cotton and the male sterile line of the U.S. is the cytoplasm of gossypium harknessii brand.104-7A belongs to the upland cotton type.Economic characters are good, but transformation becomes the improved seeds of upland cotton and sea-island cotton, choose extra large A in the male sterile line with enchancer, and such male sterile line is resumed easily, can do three series mating.
2, the male sterile line of seed selection of the present invention is done maternally to make paternal hybrid with its corresponding maintenance line, can make its offspring keep 100% sterile, sea (7124) A has and strengthens recovering gene in the male sterile line.
3, sea (7124) has the recovery of reinforcement gene in the maintenance line of seed selection of the present invention.And the maintenance line in the U.S. and Xinjiang does not all have the recovery of reinforcement gene.
4, the recovery of seed selection of the present invention is 641 to have enchancer, and recovering strain rate and restoring degree all is 100%.Restorability is good.And the restorability of the recovery of U.S. system is undesirable, and the restoring degree in Xinjiang also has only 93-96%.Recovery of the present invention is 641, and plant is high 0.7 to 0.8 meter, and leaf is medium smaller, the few hair of leaf light stem, and stem is slightly thin and delicate, the corolla milky white, the gynoecium prosperity, how yellow pollen is, and the long 27mm of main body suede, ginning outturn 46-48%, seed refer to about 8 grams.
Embodiment: following is that example is described in detail embodiment of the present invention with cotton No. 8 crossbreed in seed selection Ji:
1, cotton No. 8 male sterile lines in seed selection Ji:
The seed selection of A, sterile material 104-7A:
Stone short No. 5 with army's sponge through hybridization, selfing, hybridization, selfed breeding form sterile material 104-7A again.
B, with the sterile gene transformation of sterile material 104-7A to the Ji on cotton No. 8, more than 5 generations of transformation, cotton No. 8 sterility in the male sterile line Ji of newly breeding are promptly stable continuously, wherein varying environment, various years, sterile rate and sterile degree all are 100%.The male sterile line Ji newly bred cotton No. 8 except that male sterile, other proterties is identical with original seed.
2, cotton No. 8 maintenance lines in Ji, most of upland cotton and island Cottonopolis can be done maintenance line, keep very easily sterile.
3, recovering is 641:
(1), source: by 0-613-2 is that seed selection forms.
(2), main feature: belong to the upland cotton type, have the recovery enchancer.
4, hybrid cotton:
Cotton No. 8 male sterile line * recovery in Ji are 641 to be the upland cotton type, and hybrid vigour is outstanding, and the contrast volume increase 30%, fibre length 30-31 millimeter, and 7100 meters/gram of fineness, fiber is pure white, ginning outturn 47%, powerful 3.5 grams, other proterties is little with original seed Ji No. 8 differences of cotton.
Effect of the present invention:
1, the sterile line of seed selection and restorer economic characters are good, and the ginning outturn of restorer is 47-48%, and the ginning outturn of sterile line is 48-49%, and the ginning outturn in the U.S. and Xinjiang is the highest by 35%.
2, save artificial emasculation, save 50% labour.
3, cotton crossbreed generally increases production 20-30%.
Claims (1)
1, the breeding method of a kind of hybrid cotton comprises seed selection male sterile line, maintenance line, recovery system and utilizes three to be to produce crossbreed, it is characterized in that:
(1) seed selection of male sterile line:
A, with the short cotton of stone and army's sponge hybridization, selfing then, hybridize again, male sterile line 104-7A is selected in selfing again.
B, do not have more than five generations of 48A, stone short 5A, middle 521A, middle 58A, middle extra large A transformation with cotton No. 8 of Ji, Jimian No. 10, cotton No. 11 of Ji, cotton No. 12 of Ji, cotton No. 13 of Ji, cotton No. 14 of Ji, Hunan respectively with male sterile line 104-7A, corresponding 11 of male sterile lines be that male sterile line Ji cotton 8, Ji cotton 10, Ji cotton 11, Ji cotton 12, Ji cotton 13, Ji cotton 14, Hunan do not have 48A, stone short 5A, middle 521A, middle 58A, middle extra large A.
(2) seed selection of maintenance line: but cotton No. 8 of Ji, Jimian No. 10, cotton No. 11 of Ji, cotton No. 12 of Ji, cotton No. 13 of Ji, cotton No. 14 of Ji, Hunan there are not the maintenance line that 48A, stone short 5A, middle 521A, middle 58A, middle extra large A carry out the corresponding male sterile line of transformation Cheng Yuqi.
(3) being gone out to recover by the 0-613-2 systematic breeding is 641.
(4) utilizing male sterile line, maintenance line, the recovery select is the Hybrid that goes out upland cotton or sea-island cotton capable of being combined.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90101260 CN1022079C (en) | 1990-03-14 | 1990-03-14 | Method for breeding cotton through hybridization of three varieties |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90101260 CN1022079C (en) | 1990-03-14 | 1990-03-14 | Method for breeding cotton through hybridization of three varieties |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1054699A CN1054699A (en) | 1991-09-25 |
| CN1022079C true CN1022079C (en) | 1993-09-15 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90101260 Expired - Fee Related CN1022079C (en) | 1990-03-14 | 1990-03-14 | Method for breeding cotton through hybridization of three varieties |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1022079C (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1040828C (en) * | 1994-06-08 | 1998-11-25 | 宇文璞 | Reproduction for cotton sterile strain and its matched breeding method |
| CN1085040C (en) * | 1997-12-12 | 2002-05-22 | 中国科学院遗传研究所 | Distant hybridization and breeding method for cotton |
| CN1086103C (en) * | 1999-05-28 | 2002-06-12 | 孙长法 | Breeding method of bare seed cotton variety |
| CN103598083B (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2015-03-25 | 山西省农业科学院棉花研究所 | Method of synchronously breeding cotton restorer line and sterile line |
| CN107950382B (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2021-03-30 | 广西大学 | Method for creating cotton cytoplasmic male sterile line by using binuclear kapok |
| CN110352847B (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2022-03-11 | 湖南省棉花科学研究所 | Rapid breeding and combined testing and matching identification method for cotton nuclear male sterile line |
-
1990
- 1990-03-14 CN CN 90101260 patent/CN1022079C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1054699A (en) | 1991-09-25 |
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