CN102207123A - 木紧固件 - Google Patents

木紧固件 Download PDF

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CN102207123A
CN102207123A CN2011100793902A CN201110079390A CN102207123A CN 102207123 A CN102207123 A CN 102207123A CN 2011100793902 A CN2011100793902 A CN 2011100793902A CN 201110079390 A CN201110079390 A CN 201110079390A CN 102207123 A CN102207123 A CN 102207123A
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fastening piece
body portion
main body
handed thread
sheet metal
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CN102207123B (zh
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迈克尔·科克海泽
杰夫·本特
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Atlas Bolt and Screw Co LLC
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/001—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed
    • F16B25/0031—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed the screw being designed to be screwed into different materials, e.g. a layered structure or through metallic and wooden parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P11/00—Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques not otherwise provided for 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/001—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed
    • F16B25/0015—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed the material being a soft organic material, e.g. wood or plastic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/001—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed
    • F16B25/0021—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed the material being metal, e.g. sheet-metal or aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/0036—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw
    • F16B25/0042—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw
    • F16B25/0057—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw the screw having distinct axial zones, e.g. multiple axial thread sections with different pitch or thread cross-sections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/0036—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw
    • F16B25/0042—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw
    • F16B25/0057—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw the screw having distinct axial zones, e.g. multiple axial thread sections with different pitch or thread cross-sections
    • F16B25/0063—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw the screw having distinct axial zones, e.g. multiple axial thread sections with different pitch or thread cross-sections with a non-threaded portion on the shaft of the screw
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/0036—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw
    • F16B25/0042—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw
    • F16B25/0073—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw characterised by its pitch, e.g. a varying pitch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/0036—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw
    • F16B25/0084—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by geometric details of the tip
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/10—Screws performing an additional function to thread-forming, e.g. drill screws or self-piercing screws
    • F16B25/103—Screws performing an additional function to thread-forming, e.g. drill screws or self-piercing screws by means of a drilling screw-point, i.e. with a cutting and material removing action
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/10—Screws performing an additional function to thread-forming, e.g. drill screws or self-piercing screws
    • F16B25/106—Screws performing an additional function to thread-forming, e.g. drill screws or self-piercing screws by means of a self-piercing screw-point, i.e. without removing material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B35/00—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws
    • F16B35/04—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws with specially-shaped head or shaft in order to fix the bolt on or in an object
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B35/00—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws
    • F16B35/04—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws with specially-shaped head or shaft in order to fix the bolt on or in an object
    • F16B35/06—Specially-shaped heads
    • F16B35/065—Specially-shaped heads with self-countersink-cutting means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49947—Assembling or joining by applying separate fastener
    • Y10T29/49963—Threaded fastener

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Golf Clubs (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
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  • Bolts, Nuts, And Washers (AREA)
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Abstract

披露了一种木紧固件，包括带有头部的头部端；带有末梢的末梢端；带有右旋螺纹的第一本体部，和带有左旋螺纹的第二本体部。第一本体部与紧固件的末梢端相邻，并沿紧固件的长度朝向头部端延伸第一距离。第二本体部与第一本体部相邻，并沿紧固件的长度朝向紧固件的头部端延伸第二距离。右旋螺纹和左旋螺纹可具有小于约60°的螺旋角α。

Description

木紧固件
技术领域
本发明涉及紧固件以及安装紧固件的方法，并且更具体地涉及可用于将金属板固定到木建筑结构的紧固件。
背景技术
在建筑行业，支柱框架的金属建筑材料通过各种型号的木紧固件连接到木制框架结构上。但是，目前的木紧固件螺纹的设计倾向于随着时间旋松(back-out)，因此会减弱其连接性以及建筑物的结构整体性。另外，已知的紧固件在安装期间可能会由于在特定的高密度材料中的高驱动扭矩而破损，也会有在特定的低密度材料中剥离的倾向。
发明内容
本发明涉及紧固件以及安装紧固件以将金属板固定到木建筑结构的方法。
一方面，提供了一种紧固件，其包括带有头部的头部端，带有末梢的末梢端，第一本体部和第二本体部。该第一本体部与紧固件的末梢端相邻并在沿紧固件的长度朝向头部端延伸第一距离。第一本体部包括螺旋角α小于约60°的右旋螺纹。第二本体部与第一本体部相邻并沿紧固件的长度朝向头部端延伸第二距离。第二本体部包括左旋螺纹。
第二方面，提供了一种紧固件，其包括带有头部的头部端，带有末梢的末梢端，第一本体部和第二本体部。该第一本体部与紧固件的末梢端相邻并在沿紧固件的长度朝向头部端延伸第一距离。第一本体部包括螺旋角α为从约20°到约40°的右旋螺纹。第二本体部与第一本体部相邻并沿紧固件的长度朝向头部端延伸第二距离。第二本体部包括螺旋角α为从约20°到约40°的左旋螺纹。
第三方面，提供了一种安装紧固件以将金属板固定到木结构元件的方法，其包括以下步骤：当紧固件的末梢穿透金属板时形成金属毛刺；当紧固件的第一本体部上的右旋螺纹穿过金属板时，使金属板的直接围绕紧固件的区域远离木结构元件被移开；使该金属毛刺与紧固件的第二本体部上的左旋螺纹相接触；当左旋螺纹穿过金属板时移除金属毛刺；将金属板的该区域推向木结构元件；以及在金属板的该区域与紧固件的头部相接触之前，使木结构元件与金属板的该区域相接触。
附图说明
选择具体实施例以解释和说明，在形成说明书的一部分的附图中示出该具体实施例。
图1为本发明的紧固件的一个实施例的侧视图。
图1A为图1中区域A的详细视图。
图2为本本发明的紧固件的第二实施例的透视图，该紧固件装配有密封垫圈。
图3为图2中的紧固件的侧视图，该紧固件装配有密封垫圈。
具体实施方式
本发明的紧固件可用于任何适当的应用，但尤其适用于将金属建筑材料安装到木框架结构的结构应用中。
图1、1A和2示出了本发明紧固件100的实施例。相同的附图标记用于每个所示实施例中相同的方面。该紧固件100可由任何适用的材料制成，包括例如碳钢。另外，该紧固件100可具有涂层，例如可提高该紧固件100的抗气候性能的涂层。紧固件100可具有任何适当的长度，包括但不仅限于1英寸、1.5英寸、2英寸、2.5英寸或3英寸。
如图1和2所示，该紧固件100具有本体102，其包括末梢端104和头部端106。该紧固件100在本体的末梢端104具有尖部108，在本体的头部端106具有头部110。该紧固件100还具有第一本体部112和第二本体部116，第一本体部112与末梢端104相邻并包括右旋螺纹114，第二本体部116与头部端106相邻并包括左旋螺纹118。该紧固件100的头部可为任何适当的型式。该紧固件100的末梢端104可包括一个或多个部分成形螺纹126。该紧固件100的尖部108可包括尖锐的、自攻尖部。在所示的具体实施例中，该紧固件100具有17型尖部(type-17point)，其可用于穿透金属搭接(lapped)的情况。如图2所示，密封垫圈132可包括在或装配在紧固件100上。该密封垫圈132可为任何适当的材料，例如橡胶，并被布置在紧固件100上连接并邻接头部106。
该紧固件100的第一本体部与紧固件100的末梢端104相邻并在沿紧固件100的长度朝向头部端106延伸第一距离D1。该第一本体部112包括右旋螺纹114。该右旋螺纹114可为单头或多头螺纹(single or multi-lead threads)。该右旋螺纹114沿紧固件的本体可具有任何适当的直径，并且每英寸长度可具有任何合适数量的螺纹。例如，所示实施例的右旋螺纹114为10-14号螺纹(10-14threads)，10#直径，其为主直径约为0.19英寸±标准ANSI公差，每英寸约14个螺纹。如图1A所详细示出的，该右旋螺纹114的螺旋角α小于具有螺旋角为60°的标准螺纹。例如，该紧固件100的右旋螺纹114具有从20°到约40°的螺旋角α。
该右旋螺纹114的螺旋角可具有0°到10°/20°到30°的几何配置。在这样的实施例中，每个螺纹在该螺纹的末梢侧120具有第一内角β，该末梢侧120朝向紧固件100的尖端108，在该螺纹的头部侧122具有第二内角γ，该头部侧122面向紧固件100的头部端110。例如，每个螺纹的末梢侧120和头部侧122从螺纹的底部朝向彼此倾斜并在尖部124交会，该尖部与紧固件100的本体102相距一特定高度。当竖直参照线B从尖部124绘至紧固件的本体时，该螺纹的末梢侧120从该竖直参照线倾斜从约20°到约30°的第一内角β。在这样的实施例中，螺纹的头部侧122从该竖直参照线倾斜从约0°到约10°的第二内角γ。例如，该螺纹的螺旋角α可为约30°，其中末梢侧120的第一内角β为约20°且头部侧122的第二内角γ为约10°。在至少一些实施例中，螺纹的几何配置可提高紧固件对安装后随时间旋松的抵抗能力。
在一些实施例中，第一本体部112上的开头一个或多个完全成形右旋螺纹114，即与紧固件的末梢端104最接近的螺纹，可包括锯齿128。在至少一个实施例中，第一本体部112上的开头三个完全成形的右旋螺纹114中的至少一个，即与紧固件的末梢端104最接近的螺纹，可包括锯齿128。例如，开头的完全成形右旋螺纹中的一个、两个或所有三个可包括锯齿128。在图1和2所示的实施例中，开头两个完全成形的螺纹包括锯齿128。在图2所示的实施例中，锯齿128可为齿状物130。这样的齿状物可为矩形，如图2所示，或者可为任何其它合适的形状，例如三角形。在至少一些实施例中，锯齿128可降低安装紧固件100所需的驱动扭矩，并方便穿过结点和硬木安装紧固件100。另外，公知当紧固件刺穿金属板壁时，会形成金属毛刺(bur)，金属毛刺有时称为抽头。当安装紧固件100时，由于具有锯齿128，可导致该毛刺被移动然后锯齿状的螺纹与该毛刺接触。
紧固件100的第二本体部116与紧固件100的第一本体部112相邻并沿紧固件100的长度朝向头部端106延伸第二距离D2。在优选实施例中，第二本体部的长度可小于第一本体部的长度。例如，参照图1，第二本体部116的第二距离D2可小于第一本体部的第一距离D1。在一些实施例中，例如当紧固件的总长约为3英寸或更小时，第二本体部的长度，其与第二本体部的第二距离D2相等，可小于或等于约四分之一英寸(0.6厘米)。
第二本体部116包括左旋螺纹118。该左旋螺纹118可为单头或多头螺纹。该左旋螺纹116可具有任何适当的直径以及沿紧固件的本体每英寸长度可具有任何合适数量的螺纹。紧固件100的第二本体部116可包括任何数量的左旋螺纹，包括例如从约1个螺纹到约5个螺纹，或者优选为从约2个螺纹到约4个螺纹。该左旋螺纹可具有与右旋螺纹相同的直径，或者加大尺寸，即左旋螺纹可具有比右旋螺纹更大的直径。如图1和2所示，图示实施例中的左旋螺纹116可为10-12号螺纹(10-12threads)，具有#10直径，即主直径为约0.19英寸±标准ANSI公差，并且每英寸约12个螺纹。在至少一些实施例中，当紧固件安装穿过金属壁板时，紧固件穿过金属壁板时左旋螺纹可导致该通常形成的毛刺被移除。另外，左旋螺纹可使围绕紧固件100的插入孔的金属的边缘内翻(invert)，其可形成光滑的表面并可防止金属侧边切断以及损坏橡胶密封垫圈132。进一步地，尽管当经受变化的气候条件时由于建筑材料和紧固件的膨胀和收缩，右旋螺纹倾向于随时间旋松，左旋螺纹可倾向于从相反的方向施加作用力，抵抗旋松。
在至少一些实施例中，左旋螺纹118可具有与右旋螺纹相同的螺旋角。相应地，左旋螺纹118具有小于具有60°螺旋角的标准螺纹的螺旋角α。例如，紧固件100的左旋螺纹118可具有从约20°到约40°的螺旋角α。如上文中参照图1A所述，该左旋螺纹118的螺旋角α可具有0°到10°/20°到30°的几何配置。在这样的实施例中，每个螺纹在螺纹的末梢侧120都有可为从约20°到约30°的第一内角β，末梢侧120朝向紧固件100的尖端108。每个螺纹在螺纹的头部侧122还具有可为从约0°到约10°的第二内角γ，头部侧122朝向紧固件100的头部端110。例如，该螺纹螺旋角α可为约30°，其中末梢侧120的第一内角β为约20°，且头部侧122的第二内角γ为约10°。
在至少一种应用中，本发明的紧固件可用于将金属板安装到木建筑结构上。本发明紧固件100的一种安装方法可包括步骤：将紧固件穿过金属板插入到木结构元件中。在将紧固件100穿过金属板插入到木结构元件前可将密封垫圈132装配到紧固件100上。当使用普通的紧固件时，插入紧固件100的步骤可包括紧固件100形成金属的毛刺或辫状抽头，其在紧固件的尖端108穿过金属板时连接到金属板。另外，根据普通的紧固件所观察到的趋势，插入紧固件100的步骤可包括当紧固件100的第一本体部102的右旋螺纹114穿过金属板时，紧固件的右旋螺纹使得金属板的直接围绕紧固件的区域远离木结构元件被移开。在安装常规紧固件的方法中，形成金属毛刺以及使得金属板的直接围绕紧固件的区域远离木结构元件被移开均可能会引起密封垫圈的破坏。
然而，在本发明的安装紧固件的方法中，对垫圈的这种破坏可被减少或阻止。例如，插入紧固件100的步骤还可包括紧固件100在穿过金属板时移除金属毛刺。在一个实施例中，移除金属毛刺可包括使金属毛刺与紧固件第二本体部上的左旋螺纹118接触，以及当左旋螺纹118穿过金属板时，一个或多个左旋螺纹使金属毛刺分离(detach)。在另一实施例中，其中紧固件包括一个或多个具有锯齿128的右旋螺纹，移除金属毛刺可包括使金属毛刺与一个或多个右旋螺纹114上的锯齿128相接触，以及当一个或多个带锯齿128的右旋螺纹114穿过金属板时，一个或多个锯齿128使金属毛刺分离。
另外，实际上，金属板在右旋螺纹和左旋螺纹的接点处可停止从木结构元件上移开。一旦左旋螺纹118与金属板相接触，该左旋螺纹118可在紧固件完全插入前将金属板推向木结构元件，在在紧固件完全插入的位置处金属板的该区域将与紧固件100的头部110相接触，或者与邻接紧固件100的头部110的密封垫圈132相接触。相应地，插入紧固件100的步骤还可包括将金属板的该区域推向木结构元件，该区域已经从木结构元件被移开，以及在金属板的该区域与紧固件的头部或与紧固件的头部邻接的密封垫圈相接触之前使木结构元件与金属板的该区域相接触。这可以使得紧固件的安装者知晓在紧固件完全安装前该金属板已经与木结构元件接触。在这种情况下，紧固件安装者可接着施加适当的固定扭矩到紧固件上，从而适当地压缩密封垫圈，并防止紧固件和密封垫圈过度扭曲，其可破坏密封垫圈并导致泄漏。
根据前述，可理解尽管这里为了说明而描述了具体实施例，但可在不脱离本公开的精神和范围内进行各种改进。因此，可想到前述的详细说明可认为是解释说明性的而不是限制性的，并且可理解下面的权利要求，包括所有等同权利要求，倾向于特别指出并清楚地主张所要求保护的主题。

Claims (18)

1.一种紧固件，包括：
带有头部的头部端；
带有末梢的末梢端；
第一本体部，与所述紧固件的所述末梢端相邻，并沿所述紧固件的长度朝向所述头部端延伸第一距离，所述第一本体部包括螺旋角α小于约60°的右旋螺纹；和
第二本体部，与所述第一本体部相邻，并沿所述紧固件的长度朝向所述头部端延伸第二距离，所述第二本体部包括左旋螺纹。
2.如权利要求1所述的紧固件，其中所述右旋螺纹的螺旋角α为从约20°到约40°。
3.如权利要求1所述的紧固件，其中所述右旋螺纹的螺旋角包括：
从约20°到约30°的第一内角β；以及
从约0°到约10°的第二内角γ。
4.如权利要求1所述的紧固件，其中所述第一本体部上的开头三个完全成形的右旋螺纹中的至少一个包括锯齿。
5.如权利要求1所述的紧固件，其中所述第二本体部的所述第二距离小于所述第一本体部的所述第一距离。
6.如权利要求1所述的紧固件，其中所述第二本体部的所述第二距离等于或小于约四分之一英寸。
7.如权利要求1所述的紧固件，其中所述左旋螺纹具有小于约60°的螺旋角α。
8.如权利要求1所述的紧固件，其中所述左旋螺纹具有从约20°到约40°的螺旋角α。
9.如权利要求1所述的紧固件，其中所述左旋螺纹的螺旋角包括：
从约20°到约30°的第一内角β；以及
从约0°到约10°的第二内角γ。
10.一种紧固件，包括：
带有头部的头部端；
带有末梢的末梢端；
第一本体部，与所述紧固件的所述末梢端相邻，并沿所述紧固件的长度朝向所述头部端延伸第一距离，所述第一本体部包括螺旋角α为从约20°到约40°的右旋螺纹；和
第二本体部，与所述第一本体部相邻，并沿所述紧固件的长度朝向所述头部端延伸第二距离，所述第二本体部包括螺旋角α为从约20°到约40°的左旋螺纹。
11.如权利要求10所述的紧固件，其中所述右旋螺纹的所述螺旋角包括：
从约20°到约30°的第一内角β；以及
从约0°到约10°的第二内角γ。
12.如权利要求10所述的紧固件，其中所述第一本体部上的开头三个完全成形的右旋螺纹中的至少一个包括锯齿。
13.如权利要求10所述的紧固件，其中所述第二本体部的所述第二距离小于所述第一本体部的所述第一距离。
14.如权利要求10所述的紧固件，其中所述第二本体部的所述第二距离等于或小于约四分之一英寸。
15.如权利要求10所述的紧固件，其中所述左旋螺纹的所述螺旋角包括：
从约20°到约30°的第一内角β；以及
从约0°到约10°的第二内角γ。
16.一种安装紧固件以将金属板固定到木结构元件上的方法，包括以下步骤：
当紧固件的末梢刺入所述金属板时形成金属毛刺；
当所述紧固件的第一本体部上的右旋螺纹穿过所述金属板时，使所述金属板的直接围绕所述紧固件的区域远离所述木结构元件被移开；
当所述紧固件穿过所述金属板时移除所述金属毛刺；
当所述紧固件的第二本体部上的左旋螺纹穿过所述金属板时，将所述金属板的所述区域推向所述木结构元件；以及
在所述金属板的所述区域与所述紧固件的头部相接触或与邻接所述紧固件的所述头部的密封垫圈相接触之前，使所述木结构元件与所述金属板的所述区域相接触。
17.如权利要求16所述的方法，其中移除所述金属毛刺的步骤包括：
将所述金属毛刺与所述紧固件的所述第二本体部上的所述左旋螺纹相接触；以及
当所述左旋螺纹穿过所述金属板时使所述金属毛刺分离。
18.如权利要求16所述的方法，其中移除所述金属毛刺的步骤包括：
将所述金属毛刺与带有锯齿的一个或多个右旋螺纹相接触；以及
当带有锯齿的一个或多个右旋螺纹穿过所述金属板时使所述金属毛刺分离。
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US8931163B2 (en) 2015-01-13
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US20140090233A1 (en) 2014-04-03
MX357943B (es) 2018-07-31
US20110217145A1 (en) 2011-09-08

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