CN102206096A - Multi-phase combined lightweight aggregate concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-phase combined lightweight aggregate concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102206096A CN102206096A CN2011100925028A CN201110092502A CN102206096A CN 102206096 A CN102206096 A CN 102206096A CN 2011100925028 A CN2011100925028 A CN 2011100925028A CN 201110092502 A CN201110092502 A CN 201110092502A CN 102206096 A CN102206096 A CN 102206096A
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Abstract
The invention discloses multi-phase combined lightweight aggregate concrete and a preparation method thereof. The multi-phase combined lightweight aggregate concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in part by weight: 1 part of cement, 0.40 to 0.50 part of fly ash, 1.836 to 2.219 parts of pumice sand, 0.028 to 0.043 part of corn straw fibers, 0.006 to 0.008 part of polyphenyl particles, 0.23 to 0.33 parts of rubber particles, 0.010 to 0.015 part of additive, 0.005 to 0.007 part of foaming agent, and 0.50 to 0.55 parts of water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1, preparing thin-coating pumice sand and thin-coating straw fibers; 2, performing interference treatment of polyphenyl particles and rubber particles; 3, uniformly stirring the cement, fly ash, water, additive and thin-coating pumice sand; and 4, adding the polyphenyl particles, rubber particles and thin-coating straw fibers in turn, and continuing to stir. When the method is used, the mechanical performance of the lightweight aggregate concrete can be improved effectively, the thermal-insulation and heat-preservation performance is enhanced, and production cost is lowered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of light aggregate concrete and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Light aggregate concrete with light-weight aggregate be mixed with, the light concrete of 1900 kilograms/meter of little whats of unit weight, also claim the porous aggregate light concrete.Owing to contain a large amount of blind holes crack in the light aggregate concrete, make it have performances such as lightweight, thermal and insulating performance are good, easy construction, compare with normal concrete with label, can alleviate deadweight more than 20～30%.Existing light aggregate concrete normally is prepared into foam with mechanical means with the foaming agent aqueous solution, foam is joined in the slip of compositions such as containing siliceous material, calcareous material, water and various admixtures again, forms through mixing stirring, casting, maintenance.At present, lightweight material mainly adopts haydite, slag, float stone, pearlstone, polystyrene foam grain etc., but because above-mentioned raw materials output is little, skewness, reasons such as strange land transportation cost height, so objectively the overall condition deficiency of China's lightweight material causes the development of some regional light heat insulation materials to be restricted.There is the production cost height in existing light aggregate concrete, the problem that production energy consumption is big.The mode that production technique generally adopts each raw material to mix jointly fails to consider the material self-characteristic, influences the quality of light aggregate concrete.
Existing light aggregate concrete fails to make full use of trade waste and natural materials aborning, and raw-material cost height, production energy consumption are big.In Hebei, the huge float stone of regional reserves such as Shanxi, Inner Mongol and northeast, it is a kind of natural weight aggregate, advantages such as that the concrete of making has is in light weight, good heat insulating, it is a kind of material that obvious energy saving effect is arranged, it is developed and utilized, not only help building structure and building energy conservation, also help and drive local Economic development and social employment.In addition, waste rubber has very strong heat resistanceheat resistant, antibiont, anti-mechanicalness, but is difficult to degraded, and decades even last a century can be owing to natural force disappears.And that polystyrene has is anti-aging, characteristics such as protection against corrosion, thus not perishable at occurring in nature, also be difficult for being degraded by microorganisms, even if buried, also can the polluted underground water source, destroy Soil structure, make the food crop underproduction.All do simple burning disposal as both, then again can severe contamination air and atmospheric environment.Waste rubber and waste polystyrene foam plastic are recycled, it is become the green resource of field of civil engineering by environmental hazard, both can reduce environmental pollution, can turn waste into wealth save energy again.In addition, the stalk resource owning amount of China ranks first in the world, and tradition reduces the demand of straw as life fuel year by year, and it is very outstanding to have caused the residue straw to handle difficult problem.As maize straw and float stone, granular polystyrene and waste rubber grain are combined, can produce a kind of novel composite energy-saving building materials.
When mixing the system concrete, if maize straw, float stone are directly prepared as lightweight material, because maize straw, the float stone particle surface is coarse and have exposed open hole, bigger to mixing water, grout absorbed dose, thereby make its concrete mix workability relatively poor, and cement consumption is bigger than normal concrete; Owing to sucked more grout in the hole, increase concrete density simultaneously, reduced the heat preservation and soundproof performance.In addition,, can not adopt mixing of normal concrete to make shape technology, otherwise be easy to generate each phase skewness of inside concrete, stratified phenomenon occur, thereby influence its performance because maize straw and two kinds of raw-material density of float stone, morphological differences are bigger.And rubber grain, granular polystyrene belongs to organic materials, all is hydrophobic nature, mixes with the cement slurry of inorganic gel system, is difficult for wetting affinity between the two, causes fresh paste cohesion variation, can not directly prepare as lightweight material.On the other hand, granular polystyrene of different nature, rubber grain, float stone particle are mixed use altogether, if the grain diameter grating is unreasonable, will inevitably influence its concrete mix workability, and the mechanical property of hardenite and other physicalies.Therefore must the grain diameter grating carry out appropriate design.In addition, because granular polystyrene-rubber grain-pumice concrete has related to the use of multiple lightweight material, and three kinds of raw-material density, morphological differences are bigger, can not adopt mixing of normal concrete to make shape technology, otherwise be easy to generate each phase skewness of inside concrete, easy stratified phenomenon, thus its performance influenced.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete and preparation method thereof, solve existing light aggregate concrete material cost height, problem that production energy consumption is big; And solve lightweight material and concrete workability poor, the density of light aggregate concrete is big, thermal conductivity is high, the technical problem that heat insulating effect is bad; Also solve preparation method's easy layering of inside concrete when mixing of common light aggregate concrete, influence the technical problem of product performance.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
This heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete, described its raw material is as follows by weight ratio:
1 part of cement;
0.40～0.50 part in flyash;
1.836～2.219 parts of pumice sands;
0.028～0.043 part of maize straw fiber;
0.006～0.008 part of granular polystyrene;
0.23～0.33 part of rubber grain;
0.010～0.015 part of admixture;
0.005～0.007 part of whipping agent;
0.50～0.55 part in water.
Described granular polystyrene and rubber grain all are granular polystyrene and rubber grains of handling through interface treating agent, and interface treating agent is that a kind of the dilution with sodium silicate aqueous solution wherein of silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent or chromium complex coupling agent forms.
The length 1mm of described maize straw fiber～10mm, wide less than 2mm.
The particle diameter of described pumice sand is 2～6mm.
The particle diameter of described granular polystyrene is 4～7mm.
The particle diameter of described rubber grain is 16～20 orders.
Described admixture is one or more the mixture in high efficiency water reducing agent, hardening accelerator, the frostproofer.
The best by weight proportioning of the raw material of described heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete is as follows:
1 part of cement;
0.43 part in flyash;
2.028 parts of pumice sands;
0.038 part of maize straw fiber;
0.007 part of granular polystyrene;
0.280 part of rubber grain;
0.010～0.015 part of admixture;
0.005～0.007 part of whipping agent;
0.50～0.55 part in water.
The preparation method of this heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete, step is as follows:
Step 1, the preparation thin layer wraps up in the shell pumice sand and thin layer is wrapped up in the shell stalk fibre, prewets with sodium silicate aqueous solution spray pumice sand and maize straw fiber earlier; Stir in the cement that respectively pumice sand of prewetting and maize straw fiber input is mixed, the flyash slurry again, make pumice sand and maize straw fiber surface evenly be surrounded by one deck shell; Thin layer is wrapped up in the shell pumice sand and thin layer is wrapped up in the shell stalk fibre after natural curing obtained after 24 hours;
Step 2, granular polystyrene and rubber grain are carried out interface processing, taking by weighing interface treating agent in the ratio of 160～250g/L adds in the sodium silicate aqueous solution and dilutes, interface treating agent after will diluting is then slowly poured in the container that fills granular polystyrene and rubber grain, the limit bevelling stirs, up to granular polystyrene and rubber grain can homodisperse, the surface have even slick to distribute and granular polystyrene not because of the electrostatic repulsion overflow container outside till, leave standstill after 10 minutes standby;
Step 3 is wrapped up in the shell pumice sand by proportioning with cement, flyash, water, admixture and the thin layer for preparing and is dropped in the stirrer and stir;
Step 4 drops into continuation stirring in the stirrer with granular polystyrene after the interface processing and rubber grain;
Step 5 is wrapped up in the shell stalk fibre with thin layer and is dropped into continuation stirring in the stirrer;
Step 6 is poured above-mentioned stirring thing into after whipping agent got blisters, and makes heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete after stirring.
The consumption of cement, flyash and water is 1: 2: 0.5 in the cement of described step 1, the flyash slurry.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention adopts thin layer to wrap up in the shell pumice sand, thin layer is wrapped up in shell stalk fibre, granular polystyrene and rubber grain as lightweight material.Because used starting material pumice sand is good from heavy and light, shock resistance, be added in the concrete and can reduce light aggregate concrete density, improve the heat-insulating property of light aggregate concrete, not only help, also help and drive local Economic development and social employment pumiceous development and use.Also adopt the maize straw fiber as lightweight material simultaneously, maize straw is with netted high purity SiO
2Be skeleton, wrap up the Mierocrystalline cellulose of one deck densification again.Therefore big, in light weight, the good heat insulating of maize straw porosity, corrosion resistance are strong.It not only has extraordinary toughness, but also has certain intensity.Stalk is used for production cement based stalk building material product, both can have played the effect of certain anti-shrinkage strain, can alleviate the quality of matrix material again, make it have sound insulation, heat-proof quality, the handling problem that can also solve stalk simultaneously, increase peasant's income.Also waste polystyrene foam, rubber item being processed into various varigrained particles simultaneously mixes in the concrete, because of both all have characteristics such as toughness, impermeability, antifatigue preferably, space in can fill concrete, the generation and the development of microfracture in the constraint, can improve concrete shock resistance and anti-seismic performance, also can effectively alleviate concrete weight, play the effect of heat insulating, sound insulation.In addition, waste rubber, polystyrene all have characteristics such as very strong antibiont, anti-aging, non-corrosibility, so not perishable at occurring in nature, also be difficult for being degraded by microorganisms, even if buried, also can the polluted underground water source, destroy Soil structure, make the food crop underproduction.In addition, waste rubber and waste polystyrene foam plastic are recycled, it is become the green resource of field of civil engineering by environmental hazard, both can reduce environmental pollution, can turn waste into wealth save energy again.
The present invention is before mixing the system concrete, earlier maize straw, pumice sand are wrapped pre-treatment, the sodium silicate aqueous solution for preparing is sprayed pumice sand and two kinds of starting material surfaces of maize straw fiber uniformly, stir, guarantee raw-material evenly wetting and have certain humidity while spraying.Wrap pre-treatment ground method and overcome maize straw fiber, the many easily shortcomings of suction in pumice sand particle hole.Thin layer is wrapped up in shell and has been sealed maize straw and two kinds of raw-material surperficial apertures of pumice sand effectively, and improve its surfaceness, again during the mix concrete, can improve concrete workability well, and minimizing cement consumption, particularly stoped a large amount of grouts to be inhaled into hole, thereby alleviated concrete density, reduced its thermal conductivity and improved the heat preservation and soundproof performance.
In order to improve the cohesive force between rubber grain, granular polystyrene and the cement slurry, make it and cement between form bonding comparatively closely.The present invention had carried out the interface pre-treatment to rubber grain, granular polystyrene before mixing the system concrete.Rubber grain after the interface processing, granular polystyrene can be good at being bonded by grout, make to form cohesive force comparatively closely between itself and the cement, have significantly reduced the hole in the hardened paste, have improved the intensity of hardenite.Each uniform distribution mutually that reasonable grit grading and specific preparation technology make heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete has improved its mechanical property effectively, and has reduced concrete density, has improved its thermal and insulating performance.On the other hand, with starting material carry out break process, the pumice sand grain diameter is controlled at 2-6mm, the granular polystyrene particle diameter is controlled at 4-7mm, rubber adopts the particle of 18 orders (mean particle size is 995 μ m), thereby makes concrete workability, mechanical property better.
When mixing the system concrete at last, in order to make each phase uniform distribution of heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete, the present invention has formulated specific preparation technology.Cement, flyash, suitable quantity of water and the thin layer handled well are wrapped up in the shell pumice sand to stir in stirrer; Next adds rubber grain after the interface processing, granular polystyrene and an amount of admixture, and mix is even once more; And then the thin layer that adds after handling is wrapped up in shell stalk continuation stirring; Pouring concrete into after at last whipping agent being got blisters is prepared from.This preparation technology is sequentially added into starting material, can make each phase uniform distribution of heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete, has improved its mechanical property effectively, and has reduced concrete density, has improved its thermal and insulating performance.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is preparation technology's schema that thin layer is wrapped up in the shell pumice sand.
Fig. 2 is preparation technology's schema that thin layer is wrapped up in the shell stalk fibre.
Fig. 3 is preparation technology's schema of heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete.
Embodiment
Embodiment one, this heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete, and described its raw material is as follows by weight ratio:
1 part of cement;
0.43 part in flyash;
2.028 parts of pumice sands;
0.038 part of maize straw fiber;
0.007 part of granular polystyrene;
0.280 part of rubber grain;
0.015 part of admixture;
0.006 part of whipping agent;
0.53 part in water.
Described pumice sand and maize straw fiber are processed into thin layer respectively and wrap up in and use after shell pumice sand and thin layer are wrapped up in the shell stalk fibre, granular polystyrene and rubber grain all are granular polystyrene and rubber grains of handling through interface treating agent, and interface treating agent is that silane coupling agent forms with the sodium silicate aqueous solution dilution.
Embodiment two, this heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete, and described its raw material is as follows by weight ratio:
1 part of cement;
0.42 part in flyash;
2.219 parts of pumice sands;
0.043 part of maize straw fiber;
0.006 part of granular polystyrene;
0.23 part of rubber grain;
0.012 part of admixture;
0.007 part of whipping agent;
0.55 part in water.
Described pumice sand and maize straw fiber are processed into thin layer respectively and wrap up in and use after shell pumice sand and thin layer are wrapped up in the shell stalk fibre, granular polystyrene and rubber grain all are granular polystyrene and rubber grains of handling through interface treating agent, and interface treating agent is that silane coupling agent forms with the sodium silicate aqueous solution dilution.
Embodiment three, this heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete, and described its raw material is as follows by weight ratio:
1 part of cement;
0.50 part in flyash;
1.836 parts of pumice sands;
0.028 part of maize straw fiber;
0.008 part of granular polystyrene;
0.33 part of rubber grain;
0.010 part of admixture;
0.005 part of whipping agent;
0.55 part in water.
Described pumice sand and maize straw fiber are processed into thin layer respectively and wrap up in and use after shell pumice sand and thin layer are wrapped up in the shell stalk fibre, granular polystyrene and rubber grain all are granular polystyrene and rubber grains of handling through interface treating agent, and interface treating agent is that titanate coupling agent forms with the sodium silicate aqueous solution dilution.
Embodiment four, this heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete, and described its raw material is as follows by weight ratio:
1 part of cement;
0.40 part in flyash;
2.106 parts of pumice sands;
0.041 part of maize straw fiber;
0.007 part of granular polystyrene;
0.30 part of rubber grain;
0.015 part of admixture;
0.007 part of whipping agent;
0.54 part in water.
Described pumice sand and maize straw fiber are processed into thin layer respectively and wrap up in and use after shell pumice sand and thin layer are wrapped up in the shell stalk fibre, granular polystyrene and rubber grain all are granular polystyrene and rubber grains of handling through interface treating agent, and interface treating agent is that silane coupling agent forms with the sodium silicate aqueous solution dilution.
In the foregoing description one to four, the length 1mm of described maize straw fiber～10mm, wide less than 2mm.The particle diameter of pumice sand is 2～6mm.The particle diameter of granular polystyrene is 4～7mm.The particle diameter of rubber grain is 16～20 orders.Admixture is one or more the mixture in high efficiency water reducing agent, hardening accelerator, the frostproofer.
Shown in Fig. 1-3, the preparation method of this heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete, step is as follows:
Step 1, the preparation thin layer wraps up in the shell pumice sand and thin layer is wrapped up in the shell stalk fibre, prewets with sodium silicate aqueous solution spray pumice sand and stalk fibre earlier; Stir in the cement that respectively pumice sand of prewetting and maize straw fiber input is mixed, the flyash slurry again, make pumice sand and maize straw fiber surface evenly be surrounded by one deck shell; Thin layer is wrapped up in the shell pumice sand and thin layer is wrapped up in the shell stalk fibre after natural curing obtained after 24 hours;
Step 2, granular polystyrene and rubber grain are carried out interface processing, taking by weighing interface treating agent in the ratio of 160～250g/L adds in the sodium silicate aqueous solution and dilutes, interface treating agent after will diluting is then slowly poured in the container that fills granular polystyrene and rubber grain, the limit bevelling stirs, up to granular polystyrene and rubber grain can homodisperse, the surface have even slick to distribute and granular polystyrene not because of the electrostatic repulsion overflow container outside till, leave standstill after 10 minutes standby;
Step 3 is wrapped up in the shell pumice sand by proportioning with cement, flyash, water, admixture and the thin layer for preparing and is dropped in the stirrer and stir;
Step 4 drops into continuation stirring in the stirrer with granular polystyrene after the interface processing and rubber grain;
Step 5 is wrapped up in the shell stalk fibre with thin layer and is dropped into continuation stirring in the stirrer;
Step 6 is poured above-mentioned stirring thing into after whipping agent got blisters, and makes heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete after stirring.
The consumption of cement, flyash and water is 1: 2: 0.5 in the cement of described step 1, the flyash slurry.
Claims (10)
1. heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete is characterized in that: described its raw material is as follows by weight ratio:
1 part of cement;
0.40～0.50 part in flyash;
1.836～2.219 parts of pumice sands;
0.028～0.043 part of maize straw fiber;
0.006～0.008 part of granular polystyrene;
0.23～0.33 part of rubber grain;
0.010～0.015 part of admixture;
0.005～0.007 part of whipping agent;
0.50～0.55 part in water.
2. heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described granular polystyrene and rubber grain all are granular polystyrene and rubber grains of handling through interface treating agent, and interface treating agent is that a kind of the dilution with sodium silicate aqueous solution wherein of silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent or chromium complex coupling agent forms.
3. heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the length 1mm of described maize straw fiber～10mm, and wide less than 2mm.
4. heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the particle diameter of described pumice sand is 2～6mm.
5. heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the particle diameter of described granular polystyrene is 4～7mm.
6. heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the particle diameter of described rubber grain is 16～20 orders.
7. heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described admixture is one or more the mixture in high efficiency water reducing agent, hardening accelerator, the frostproofer.
8. heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the best by weight proportioning of the raw material of described heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete is as follows:
1 part of cement;
0.43 part in flyash;
2.028 parts of pumice sands;
0.038 part of maize straw fiber;
0.007 part of granular polystyrene;
0.280 part of rubber grain;
0.010～0.015 part of admixture;
0.005～0.007 part of whipping agent;
0.50～0.55 part in water.
9. preparation method as heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete as described in any one of the claim 1～8 is characterized in that step is as follows:
Step 1, the preparation thin layer wraps up in the shell pumice sand and thin layer is wrapped up in the shell stalk fibre, prewets with sodium silicate aqueous solution spray pumice sand and maize straw fiber earlier; Stir in the cement that respectively pumice sand of prewetting and maize straw fiber input is mixed, the flyash slurry again, make pumice sand and maize straw fiber surface evenly be surrounded by one deck shell; Thin layer is wrapped up in the shell pumice sand and thin layer is wrapped up in the shell stalk fibre after natural curing obtained after 24 hours;
Step 2, granular polystyrene and rubber grain are carried out interface processing, taking by weighing interface treating agent in the ratio of 160～250g/L adds in the sodium silicate aqueous solution and dilutes, interface treating agent after will diluting is then slowly poured in the container that fills granular polystyrene and rubber grain, the limit bevelling stirs, up to granular polystyrene and rubber grain can homodisperse, the surface have even slick to distribute and granular polystyrene not because of the electrostatic repulsion overflow container outside till, leave standstill after 10 minutes standby;
Step 3 is wrapped up in the shell pumice sand by proportioning with cement, flyash, water, admixture and the thin layer for preparing and is dropped in the stirrer and stir;
Step 4 drops into continuation stirring in the stirrer with granular polystyrene after the interface processing and rubber grain;
Step 5 is wrapped up in the shell stalk fibre with thin layer and is dropped into continuation stirring in the stirrer;
Step 6 is poured above-mentioned stirring thing into after whipping agent got blisters, and makes heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete after stirring.
10. the preparation method of heterogeneous composite light-weight aggregate concrete according to claim 9 is characterized in that: the consumption of cement, flyash and water is 1: 2: 0.5 in the cement of described step 1, the flyash slurry.
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