The vacuum flat-plate solar collector
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solar thermal collector, especially a kind of vacuum flat-plate solar collector.
Background technology
Solar energy is a kind of high efficient energy sources, and can not cause environmental pollution, and along with development of science and technology, the application of solar energy is more and more wider.
In many Application of Solar Energy field, solar thermal collector has focusing solar thermal collector than early being used by people, and the endothermic solar heat collector is also arranged, and uses more extensive with the endothermic solar heat collector especially.
In the endothermic solar heat collector, having a kind of is to adopt efficient endothermic tube, is the glass blind pipe suit by two different diameters, and beginning end flame burns and melts sealing-in and vacuumize and make., this heating tube, its glass tube that adopts transportation, install and the process used in very easily damage, and when installing owing to have the gap between pipe, the unit are heat absorption efficiency is descended.Also having a kind of is traditional flat-plate collector, and it mainly is the heat that absorbs the sun by the thermal-arrest plate, directly transmits one group of water pipe, makes the liquid in the water pipe obtain heat.This solar heat permutoid, though structure is simple, a large amount of heat energy that absorb scatter and disappear again by light penetrating panel, so efficient is not high.
No matter be which kind of heat collector, its solar heat permutoid all is to be exposed in the natural environment, in the conduction, tends to lose a part of part heat in the convection current of air, influences solar energy utilization rate.
How to improve solar energy utilization rate, be the long-term problem of paying close attention in this area always.According to the knowledge of the applicant, whole solar energy heating unit is placed the vacuum insulation environment, do not appear in the newspapers at present.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: the processing cost that exists at present solar heat permutoid, or the thermal efficiency is not high, or volume is excessive, or a series of problems such as composite assembly difficulty in using provide a kind of new vacuum flat-plate solar collector.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of vacuum flat-plate solar collector comprises that solar heat permutoid and chamber is characterized in that:
A) described solar heat permutoid comprises a feed liquor house steward and a fluid house steward, and feed liquor house steward and fluid house steward are linked up them by two endothermic tubes at least; An absorber plate closely contacts with the heat-absorbent surface of each endothermic tube; Described chamber is a vacuum chamber, and the solar heat permutoid places vacuum chamber, and feed liquor house steward and fluid house steward have at least an end to stretch out vacuum chamber;
B) described vacuum chamber comprises the identical panel of geometry, base plate, and be the metal frame of rectangle along cross section that their peripheries are provided with, described panel is a glass, described base plate is glass or metallic plate, described glass periphery is the metal tape that sticks to one, metal tape stretches out, and surmounts the edge of glass; The sealing of vacuum chamber is by the metal tape of glass periphery in panel and the base plate and the welding between the metal frame, or in the panel glass periphery metal tape and as the metallic plate of base plate and the welding between the metal frame;
C) also be provided with bracing or strutting arrangement between panel and the base plate, described bracing or strutting arrangement is made up of locating support and supporter, and locating support is between endothermic tube and base plate, and described supporter is evenly distributed in the slit of adjacent endothermic tube;
D) described absorber plate is provided with the hole corresponding with supporter, and supporter is fixed by locating support, supporter pass and absorber plate in corresponding aperture be supported between panel and the base plate;
E) vacuum of vacuum chamber is 1.33 * 10
-1~1.33 * 10
-5Pa.
In the present invention, the heat-absorbent surface of described absorber plate and each endothermic tube closely contacts and is meant: the heat-absorbent surface of absorber plate and each endothermic tube is solidified as a whole by welding, or absorber plate and each endothermic tube are cast as one.
In the present invention, the actual (real) thickness of absorber plate that is solidified as a whole or is cast as one by welding and endothermic tube is less than 30mm.
In the present invention, the described glass that is used for panel is the high crown glass of translucidus, and glass periphery sticks to one by low-melting glass and metal tape.
In the present invention, contain energy absorbing regions and weld zone in the one section metal tape that surmounts glass that stretches out, the weld zone is positioned at the outer end of metal tape, and energy absorbing regions is between weld zone and glass edge edge, and described energy absorbing regions is corrugated or polyline shaped.
In the present invention, be placed with getter or vacuum detection probe in the described vacuum chamber.
In the present invention, the section bar cross section of processing metal frame is a hollow, rectangular, in the square-section of hollow, is provided with air drain or pore towards the wall of vacuum chamber, and the probe of described getter or vacuum detecting unit is located at the hollow region of rectangle.
In the present invention, also be provided with aluminum alloy frame at vacuum flat-plate solar collector periphery, the section bar cross section of aluminum alloy frame is "] " shape, the metal frame of panel and base plate periphery is flush-mounted in the aluminum alloy frame.
In the present invention, when described metal frame embeds aluminum alloy frame, be provided with heat insulation layer between metal frame and the aluminum alloy frame.
The invention has the advantages that: because the present invention places the vacuum heat-preserving cavity with whole solar energy heating unit, eliminated gaseous exchange heat radiation in the heat collector, isolate the heat conduction of thermal-arrest unit counter plate and base plate effectively, improved the thermal efficiency of heat collector greatly.With the panel is example, even if the temperature of thermal-arrest unit heat absorbing part reaches 300 degree, as the glass of panel, its surperficial observed temperature can not surpass 30 degree with respect to the temperature rise of environment temperature yet; Because the glass periphery at panel is provided with the metal tape that is solidified as a whole, especially also be provided with energy absorbing regions on the metal tape, not only solved local expanding with heat and contract with cold and rapid heat cycle and the glass that causes bursts and to the harmful effect of periphery sealing effectively, and solved flat plate collector effectively can't be in the difficult problem of condition of high temperature work; Because the heat-absorbent surface of absorber plate and each endothermic tube is solidified as a whole by welding, or absorber plate and each endothermic tube be cast as one, compact conformation, and the thickness of thermal-arrest unit can be controlled at below the 30mm; Because the present invention has mainly utilized the vacuum insulation function, can avoid using a large amount of insulation materials, the environmental pollution that reduces or avoid causing because of the replacing insulation material in the maintenance process; Because vacuum flat-plate solar collector periphery also is provided with aluminum alloy frame, can avoid carrying with installation process in damage that heat collector is caused.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross section structure schematic diagram of the periphery glass that contains metal tape;
Fig. 2 is the glass schematic diagram of energy absorbing regions and weld zone in a kind of peripheral metal tape;
Fig. 3 is the glass schematic diagram of energy absorbing regions and weld zone in the another kind of peripheral metal tape;
Fig. 4 is the glass schematic diagram of energy absorbing regions and weld zone in another peripheral metal tape;
Fig. 5 is a kind of vacuum chamber structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is another kind of vacuum chamber structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is the support device structure schematic diagram in the vacuum chamber;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of solar heat permutoid in the vacuum chamber;
Fig. 9 is one embodiment of the present of invention structural representations.
Among the figure: 1, glass, 2, metal tape, 3, low-melting glass, 4, aluminum alloy frame, 5, metal frame, 6, vacuum chamber, 7, supporter, 8, absorber plate, 9, metallic plate, 10, locating support, 11, endothermic tube, 12, getter, 13, probe, 14, the feed liquor house steward, 15, fluid house steward.
The specific embodiment
As seen from Figure 1, the glass that the present invention uses is to be provided with the metal tape 2 that is solidified as a whole in glass 1 conduct, and metal tape 2 stretches out, and surmounts the edge of glass 1.In the present embodiment, glass 1 adopts the good crown glass of light transmission, sticks to one by low-melting glass between glass and the metal tape 2.
The difference of Fig. 2 and Fig. 1 is, contains energy absorbing regions and weld zone in the one section metal tape 2 that surmounts glass 1 that stretches out, and the weld zone is positioned at the outer end of metal tape, and energy absorbing regions is between weld zone and glass edge edge, and described energy absorbing regions is a polyline shaped.
The difference of Fig. 3 and Fig. 2 is that described energy absorbing regions is a corrugated.
The difference of Fig. 4 and Fig. 2 is that described energy absorbing regions is the polyline shaped of another kind of form.
By 5 as seen, vacuum chamber 6 comprises panel, base plate and metal frame 5, in the present embodiment, described panel and base plate all adopt as shown in Figure 2 glass 1 and metal frame 5 to form, vacuum chamber 6 is provided with in the vacuum chamber 6 and is evenly distributed with supporter 7 by weld zone in the metal tape 2 of glass 1 periphery and metal frame 5 welding; In addition, the section bar cross section of processing metal frame 5 is a hollow, rectangular, in the square-section of hollow, is provided with air drain or pore towards the wall of vacuum chamber 5, also is provided with the probe 13 of vacuum detecting unit in the hollow region of rectangle.
The difference of Fig. 6 and Fig. 5 only is that what the base plate of composition vacuum chamber 5 was selected is metallic plate 9, and therefore, the bottom of described metal frame 5 welds with metallic plate.In the present embodiment, what metal base plate adopted is corrosion resistant plate.During concrete enforcement, cause thermal loss in order to prevent metal base plate, also can be at the lower surface paste heat-preserving material of metal base plate.
No matter be Fig. 5 or Fig. 6, vacuum chamber, 6 vacuum is 1.33X10~10
-2Pa.
As seen from Figure 7, bracing or strutting arrangement comprises locating support 10 and supporter 7, and supporter 7 is positioned in the locating support 10.
As seen from Figure 8, the solar heat permutoid comprises a feed liquor house steward 14 and a fluid house steward 15, and feed liquor house steward 14 and fluid house steward 15 are linked up them by two endothermic tubes 11 at least; An absorber plate 8 closely contacts with the heat-absorbent surface of each endothermic tube 11.In the present embodiment, also be provided with the hole corresponding with supporter on the absorber plate 8, described hole is between adjacent endothermic tube 11.During concrete enforcement, described absorber plate 8 can be solidified as a whole by welding with the heat-absorbent surface of each endothermic tube 11, also absorber plate 8 and each endothermic tube 11 can be cast as one.
Fig. 9 is the embodiment with Fig. 5, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 assembling, as seen from the figure, the unleaded vacuum chamber 6 that places of solar heat permutoid, the locating support 10 of bracing or strutting arrangement is being positioned between endothermic tube 11 and the base plate, and described supporter 7 is evenly distributed in the slit of adjacent endothermic tube 11; Supporter 7 by locating support fixing after, pass and absorber plate 8 in corresponding aperture be supported between panel and the base plate, during assembling, feed liquor house steward 14 and fluid house steward 15 have at least an end to stretch out vacuum chamber 6.
In the present embodiment, described panel and base plate all are to adopt glass 1 shown in Figure 2, in order to ensure the vacuum of vacuum chamber 6, have also placed getter 12 in vacuum chamber 6.
In the present embodiment, also be provided with aluminum alloy frame 4 at vacuum flat-plate solar collector periphery, the section bar cross section of aluminum alloy frame 4 is "] " shape, the metal frame 5 of panel and base plate periphery is flush-mounted in the aluminum alloy frame 4.
During concrete enforcement,, when metal frame 5 embeds aluminum alloy frame 4, can be provided with heat insulation layer between metal frame 5 and the aluminum alloy frame 4 in order to prevent the thermal loss of metal frame 5.
More than each embodiment be not to concrete restriction of the present invention; as long as the common staff of this area; basic general knowledge in conjunction with this area; under the enlightenment of the embodiment of the invention, carry out the improvement of unstructuredness; for example described improvement only limits to the selection to supporter 4 materials and fixed form; or to the variation of probe 9 placement locations of getter 8 and vacuum detecting unit; or, still fall into the protection domain of claim of the present invention to the variation of the material of metallic plate 9 in metal tape 2, metal frame 5, the base plate, shape, function combination and getter 8 types.