CN201302310Y - Vacuum flatbed solar thermal collector - Google Patents

Abstract

A vacuum flat plate solar heat collector, which is composed of a closed flat box body with one side made of high light transmission glass. The box body is a vacuum chamber. There are several reinforced supports and support through holes between the two panels of the box body. Composed of light absorbing heat exchange plates. The support passes through the holes on the light-absorbing heat exchange plate and is placed between the two panels of the box body. The light absorption heat exchange plate is not in direct contact with the cavity and support of the box, and is suspended in the vacuum chamber only through the connection of the inlet and outlet main pipes with the box body and the auxiliary fixing blocks of a few high thermal resistance materials. This method of adopting a multi-support vacuum flat plate structure and suspending the light-absorbing heat-collecting plate in the vacuum chamber of the box body comprehensively solves the problem that the heat preservation effect and lighting efficiency of the existing heat collector are difficult to balance. It is convenient to be integrated with buildings, and expands the application of solar collectors in medium and high temperature fields, and can be used for power generation, refrigeration, seawater desalination and other application fields.

Description

Vacuum flat plate solar collector

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of solar heat collection and utilization, especially a vacuum flat plate solar heat collector

Background technique

Existing solar heat collectors mainly include concentric double-layer vacuum glass tube heat collectors and polyurethane thermal insulation flat plate solar heat collectors. The double-layer vacuum glass tube collector is two concentric cylindrical glass tubes inside and outside. The inner glass tube is coated with a light-absorbing and heat-exchanging film to heat the working medium, such as water. Vacuum is drawn between the inner and outer cylindrical tubes for heat preservation, and the outer layer is made of high-transparency glass. Its advantages and disadvantages are: ①The effect of vacuum heat insulation is good. ② The heat collecting tubes are generally assembled and used in parallel at the same time, the distance between two adjacent inner tubes absorbing light energy is large, and the light leakage rate is high; and because the heat collecting tube is a cylindrical surface, the solar incidence rate is low, resulting in the utilization of light in the entire area. low rate. ③Each pipe needs to be connected with the heat preservation water tank. There are many connection parts, and the heat conduction loss is also relatively large. ④The pipes generally cannot withstand high pressure and are mainly used to produce low-quality hot domestic water. ⑤The vacuum tube collector is not easy to integrate with the building, and the comprehensive application cost is high and it is not beautiful. Polyurethane thermal insulation flat-plate solar collector consists of transparent glass cover plate, transparent polyurethane foam thermal insulation layer, heat collector plate, thermal insulation back plate arranged in sequence and a flat heat collector box body sealed around. Its advantages and disadvantages are: ①The heat collection efficiency is higher than that of the double-layer glass vacuum tube type. ②It is easy to integrate with the building. ③It is convenient for large-area concentrated use of heat collection. ④Because the insulation effect of the insulation layer is not ideal, the heat loss is higher than that of the double-layer glass vacuum tube, and it is easy to be blocked by freezing when the temperature is low, so it is not suitable for use in high latitude and low temperature areas. Therefore, its application range is greatly limited.

Contents of the invention

The utility model solves the problem that the heat preservation and lighting efficiency of the existing solar heat collectors are difficult to balance well, combines the advantages of both the vacuum tube type and the flat plate heat collector, and proposes a high heat collection efficiency and better heat preservation effect Vacuum flat plate solar collector.

The technical problem solved by the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions: a vacuum flat solar collector, which is composed of a closed flat box body with one side made of high light-transmitting glass, the box body is a vacuum chamber, the box body There are a number of reinforced supports between the two panels of the body and light-absorbing heat-exchange plates with support through holes. The hole on the heat exchange plate that supports the transmission of light is placed between the two panels of the box body, and is used to strengthen the two panels to withstand the pressure formed by the external air pressure on the panel after the cavity is evacuated. The light absorption heat exchange plate is not in direct contact with the shell and support of the box, and is suspended in the vacuum chamber only through the connection of the inlet and outlet manifold with the box body and the auxiliary fixing blocks of a small number of high thermal resistance materials. This structure effectively cuts off two of the three ways of heat transfer, air convection and contact heat conduction. In addition, by coating the inner wall of the box with a light-reflecting film, and performing thermal low-emission treatment on the light-absorbing heat exchange plate to minimize the third heat loss path of radiation, the vacuum flat plate collector can reach or even exceed the vacuum tube type. insulation effect. The light-absorbing heat exchange plate is composed of a tube-sheet combination coated with a light-absorbing film layer and equipped with a heat transfer circulation pipe for the working fluid. Exchange, to achieve the purpose of vacuum flat solar collector heat collection.

The utility model adopts a multi-support vacuum plate structure, and the light-absorbing heat-collecting plate is suspended in the vacuum inner cavity of the box body. Compared with the existing vacuum tube type and flat plate heat preservation collectors widely used, the utility model combines the advantages of both: ① The utilization rate of daylighting is high, which is more than twice that of the tube type. ②Excellent heat preservation effect: The heat collecting plate suspended in the vacuum chamber has almost no heat loss due to heat conduction and heat convection, so it can be better used in areas with high latitude and low temperature. ③It is easy to integrate with the building, improves the utilization of the building surface, and can better save energy and reduce consumption for the building due to the high thermal resistance between the vacuum boxes. ④When the light-absorbing collector plate is made of metal materials, it can also obtain high-temperature and high-pressure thermal working fluid that cannot be produced by ordinary solar collectors. High-quality high-temperature and high-pressure heat sources can be used for power generation, refrigeration, seawater desalination and other application fields The application of solar collectors in medium and high temperature fields.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the A-A direction sectional view of Fig. 2 of the utility model

Figure 2 is a construction diagram of an embodiment of a light-absorbing heat-collecting plate circulation tube parallel collector of the utility model

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of a light-absorbing heat-collecting plate circulation tube serial heat collector of the utility model

Fig. 4 is a construction diagram of an embodiment of a heat collector in which the support is integrated with the back panel of the box body and the frame of the utility model

In the figure 1. box body, 2. light absorption heat exchange plate, 3. vacuum chamber, 4. support, 5. fixed block, 6. high light transmission glass, 7. inlet and outlet manifold.

Detailed ways

The implementation of the present utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

It can be seen from the accompanying drawings that the utility model is composed of a closed flat box body (1) with one side being made of high light-transmitting glass (6). The box body (1) is a vacuum chamber (3), and the box body (1) has two The panels are composed of a number of reinforced supports (4) and light-absorbing heat-exchanging plates (2) provided with support through holes. The holes on the support (4) through the light-absorbing heat exchange plate (2) are placed between the two panels of the box body (1) to strengthen the two panels to withstand the formation of external air pressure on the panel after the vacuum chamber (3) is evacuated pressure. The light-absorbing heat-exchange plate (2) is composed of a tube-sheet combination coated with a light-absorbing film layer and provided with a heat transfer circulation pipe for the working fluid. The heat carried by the working fluid in the tube is exchanged with the outside through the inlet and outlet main pipe (7).

The light absorption heat exchange plate (2) is not in direct contact with the box body (1) and the support (4), and is only connected to the box body (1) through the inlet and outlet manifold (7) and a small number of high thermal resistance material fixing blocks (5) It is fixed and suspended in the vacuum chamber (3), thereby effectively avoiding conduction and convection heat loss. At the same time, the inner wall of the box body (1) is coated with a light-reflecting film layer, and the light-absorbing heat-exchanging plate (2) is treated with heat and low emission to minimize radiation heat loss. This effectively cuts off the three paths of heat transfer, and obtains the best heat preservation effect.

The fixed part of the light absorption heat exchange plate (2) suspended in the vacuum chamber (3) can be the inner wall of the box body (1), as shown in Figure 1, or it can be the periphery of the reinforced support (4). When the reinforced support (4) is used for fixing, it should be considered that the thermal expansion and contraction of the light-absorbing heat-collecting plate (2) affects the stability of the support. At this time, it can be connected and fixed in a floating manner.

The working medium circulation pipeline of the light absorption heat exchange plate (2) can be made into a parallel structure, as shown in Figure 2; or can be made into a series structure, as shown in Figure 3. The multi-stage series structure is conducive to heating the working fluid to the required temperature in one cycle under the condition of installing an intelligent control valve.

Fig. 4 is a kind of structure drawing that a support (4) and the back panel and the frame of box body (1) are molded as a whole, and its purpose is to facilitate centralized molding and processing, and facilitates the installation operation of the subsequent process.

The light absorption heat exchange plate (2) can be made of glass, metal and other materials. When it is made of metal materials, it is generally combined with a thin plate and a tube. The surface of the board can be wrinkled in a small wave shape, and the periphery can be bent at 90 degrees, which can not only improve the strength of the board, but also improve the utilization rate of diffused light.

When the light-absorbing heat exchange plate (2) works on the principle of heat pipes, only one main pipe (7) protruding from the box body (1) and closed can be set to work. The main pipe (7) at this moment is the condensation end of the heat pipe.

The structural principle of the specific implementation method of the present utility model has been stated above, and the specific method selection and parameter details should be determined and optimized according to the actual application, such as: the selection and installation of the structural form of the light absorption heat exchange plate (2), the arrangement of the support (4) The method and quantity, the arrangement position and quantity of the inlet and outlet main pipes (7), the arrangement position and shape and size of the fixed block (5) of high thermal resistance material, etc.

Claims (7)

1. A vacuum flat plate solar heat collector, which is composed of a closed flat box body (1) made of high light-transmitting glass (6) on one side, and a vacuum chamber (3) in the box body (1). The body (1) is composed of a number of reinforced supports (4) and light-absorbing heat-exchanging plates (2) between the two panels. (4) The hole on the light-absorbing heat exchange plate (2) is placed between the two panels of the box body (1). 2. The vacuum flat plate solar heat collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: the light absorption heat exchange plate (2) is coated with a light absorption film layer and is provided with a pipe for heat transfer circulation pipeline of working fluid. plate combination. 3. The vacuum flat plate solar heat collector according to claim 2, characterized in that: the heat transfer circulation pipes are arranged in parallel or in series between the inlet and outlet main pipes. 4. The vacuum flat-plate solar heat collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: the light absorption heat exchange plate (2) does not directly contact the box body (1) and the support (4), and only passes through the main pipe (7) ) is connected with the box body (1) and fixed with a small number of high thermal resistance material fixing blocks (5) and suspended in the vacuum chamber (3). 5. The vacuum flat plate solar heat collector according to claim 4, characterized in that: the fixing part of the fixing block (5) made of high thermal resistance material can be the inner wall of the box body (1), or the surrounding area of the reinforced support (4) . 6. The vacuum flat-plate solar heat collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner wall of the box (1) is coated with a light-reflecting film layer, and the light-absorbing heat-exchanging plate (2) is subjected to thermal low-emission treatment. 7. The vacuum flat-plate solar heat collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: the support (4) and the back plate and frame of the box body (1) can be manufactured into an integral structure at one time.

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