CN102199437B - Large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower - Google Patents
Large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower Download PDFInfo
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- CN102199437B CN102199437B CN201110102342.0A CN201110102342A CN102199437B CN 102199437 B CN102199437 B CN 102199437B CN 201110102342 A CN201110102342 A CN 201110102342A CN 102199437 B CN102199437 B CN 102199437B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower, which is used for solving the problem of the industrial destructive distillation of low-order brown coal. The large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower comprises a tower body, a combustor, a coal bunker and a screw feeder, wherein the coal bunker and the screw feeder are positioned on the top of the tower body, and a carbocoal outlet is formed on the lower part of the tower body; the tower body consists of a plurality of unit towers which are arranged longitudinally in a laminated mode; a uniformly-distributed plate, an anti-wearing tile and a heating pipe are arranged in each unit tower from top to bottom; high-temperature flue gas discharged from the combustor enters the heat pipe in each unit tower sequentially from bottom to top from an S-shaped high-temperature flue; each unit tower is provided with a gas transfer pipe; a gas valve is arranged on the transfer pipe; and the unit tower positioned on the uppermost part is provided with a discharge flue. The upgrading tower consists of a plurality of unit towers, so the structure is convenient to manufacture and mount, and products are easy to form. Due to the adoption of a continuous production mode, the large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower is suitable for large-scale industrial production, is simple in equipment and easy to implement, and provides an effective path for the utilization of the low-order brown coal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of retorting technique, especially for the low order brown coal being carried out to the large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower of upgrading processing.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the lasting consumption of high speed development and the natural resources of World Economics, critical shortage has appearred in coal resources, only take 2008 as example, 2,500 ten thousand to 3,500 ten thousand tons of global coal shortage, and, to the end of the year 2009, this numeral reaches 70,000,000 tons.On the earth, the brown coal oil in place is about 4,000,000,000,000 tons, accounts for 40% of coal reserves, and in the face of the coal resources shortage problem increasingly sharpened, nowadays the problem of utilizing of this low-rank coal resource of not mentioned by people of brown coal is brought into schedule gradually by people.The brown coal degree of coalification is low, moisture is high, in air, easy-weathering is cracked, caloric value is low, be not easy to long distance transportation, thereby must find a kind of reasonable, economic mode to be used to this coal.
Since the seventies in last century, the low temperature distillation technology of the low-order coal such as brown coal is taken seriously gradually, up to now in the many decades of constantly exploring, once there is Industrial demonstration engineering among a small circle to occur, but, due to technical elements, the brown coal low temperature distillation is still unrealized industrialization truly so far.Both at home and abroad typical brown coal pyrolytic process comprises: the LR technique of the Toscoa1 technique of the U.S., ENCOAL technique, Germany, fluid bed fast pyrolysis technique, the 3TX(ETCh of the former Soviet Union of Australia)-175 techniques, the multistage rotary furnace technique of China, Chinese solid thermal carriers new distillation process technique etc.Above brown coal pyrolytic process can be divided into external-heat, internal heat type pyrolytic process from mode of heating.If wherein internal heat type technique from the segmentation of heat carrier physical property aspect, can be divided into gas heat carrier internal heat type pyrolytic process and solid thermal carriers internal heat type pyrolytic process again.The internal heat type pyrolytic process that the flue gas of take is carrier is example, and the volatility product that pyrolysis of coal is separated out, by flue gas dilution, has reduced gas quality, has increased raw gas isolation of purified equipment and power consumption; Simultaneously, the brown coal oxidation easily occurs in flue gas, and the equipment corrosion situation is also more serious; Flue gas is as containing the destructive distillation of oxygen thermal medium, and the problems of excessive heat caused if there is the selective oxidation heat release, easily cause even blast of fugitive constituent burning, affects the normal stable operation of system.For the coal of this class high-moisture of brown coal, the first step of destructive distillation upgrading is to carry out drying.Some dry processes adopt water vapour to carry out, and due to the emission loss of latent heat, easily cause larger energy waste.Rotary kiln technology is due to its restriction that feeds air quantity and kiln body diameter, and application is difficult to maximize.The second step of destructive distillation upgrading is the coal carbonization process under oxygen-free environment.If the heat carrier of upgrading device adopts solid heat-carrying, system exist be difficult for sealing, rotate and upgrade the equipment complexity, the heat carrier wearing and tearing cause the problems such as the semicoke ash content is excessive; If the sealing system of market-ripe that adopts industrialization phase can cause obvious system investment excessive, affect the sales and marketing occupation rate of product.The various defective workmanships of above prior art, make brown coal drying and upgrading technique in the scale demonstration phase.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention be to provide a kind of simple in structure, be easy to extensive safety in production and can obtain the large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower of high-quality product.
The alleged problem of the present invention is solved by following technical scheme:
A kind of large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower, its special feature is, it comprises tower body, combustion chamber, coal bunker and screw(-type) feeder, described coal bunker and screw(-type) feeder are positioned at the tower body top, the tower body bottom is provided with the semicoke outlet, described tower body is comprised of the unit tower of several vertical lamination settings, uniform board from top to bottom is set in each unit tower, wearing-resistant tile, heating tube, the high-temperature flue gas of being sent by combustion chamber is through S shape high-temperature flue, enter successively the heating tube in each unit tower from bottom to top, each unit tower is provided with the gas fairlead, establish gas valve on fairlead, the unit tower that is positioned at topmost is provided with smokejack.
Above-mentioned large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower, the heating tube layering in described each unit tower arranges, and each layer of heating tube stagger arrangement arranged, and the heating tube diameter is 10-100mm, and between each heating tube, horizontal spacing is 10-200mm, longitudinal pitch is 10-300mm.
Above-mentioned large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower, described each unit tower bottom is provided with flapper.
Above-mentioned large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower, be provided with number row pipe manifold between the inwall of described heating tube and unit tower, each arranges pipe manifold between two-layer heating tube.
Above-mentioned large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower, described wearing-resistant tile arranges the 3-8 layer, and each layer of wearing-resistant tile stagger arrangement arranged.
Large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower provided by the invention, for the low order brown coal are carried out to the upgrading processing, obtain semicoke, tar and high scrubbed gas.Described upgrading tower is combined by a plurality of unit tower, high-temperature flue gas is serpentine through heating tube from bottom to top by the most lower level unit tower and enters each unit tower, coal grain in the releases heat heating tower, the coal grain from top to bottom constantly falls in tower, collide heating tube by heat conduction and accept radiant heat in tower and be rapidly heated, thereby, complete separating out of moisture and fugitive constituent simultaneously, realize retort process.The modularized design of unit tower of the present invention is convenient to manufacture, install, and is easy to form approved product, when processing coal or output variation, only needs the number that changes the unit that forms tower to adjust.The present invention adopts the continous way mode of production, is applicable to large-scale industrial production, and equipment is simple, easy to implement, for the utilization of low order brown coal provides effective approach.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural principle schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the unit tower schematic diagram.
In accompanying drawing, each label is expressed as follows: 1. combustion chamber, 2. high-temperature flue, 3. semicoke outlet, 4. flapper, 5. unit tower, 6. screw(-type) feeder, 7. coal bunker, 8. gas valve, 9. catch coke installation, 10. uniform board, 11. wearing-resistant tile, 12. heating tubes, 13. pipe manifolds, 14. smokejacks.
The specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention includes tower body, combustion chamber 1, coal bunker 7, screw(-type) feeder 6, coal bunker and screw feeder are positioned at the tower body top, and the tower body bottom is provided with semicoke outlet 3.Tower body is comprised of the unit tower 5 of several vertical lamination settings, and according to the number flexible assembling of coal and production requirement setup unit tower, unit tower arranges 3-5 usually.The high-temperature flue gas of being sent by combustion chamber 1, through S shape high-temperature flue 2, enters the heating tube in each unit tower from bottom to top successively, and each unit tower is provided with the gas fairlead, establishes gas valve 8 on fairlead, and the unit tower that is positioned at topmost is provided with smokejack 14.
Referring to Fig. 2, uniform board 10, wearing-resistant tile 11, heating tube 12 are set in each unit tower 5 from top to bottom.Heating tube 12 layering settings, each layer of heating tube stagger arrangement arranged, and the heating tube diameter is 10-100mm, and between each heating tube, horizontal clear spacing is 10-200mm, and vertically clear spacing is 10-300mm.Brown coal fall in unit tower from the unit tower top, through uniform board 3, evenly unrestrained.At first, with wearing-resistant tile, 11 collisions contact the coal grain, to underspeed, alleviate the wearing and tearing to heating tube; Then the coal grain is from top to bottom in tower in dropping process, constantly and heating tube 12 contact-impacts, is subject to strong gas-particle heat transfer simultaneously.The coal grain, in the decline process, constantly is heated and discharges coal gas, by adjusting each unit gas valve 8, controls coal gas and draws speed, can control the flow of gas speed in tower, and then adjust the decrease speed of coal grain.For extending the destructive distillation time, keeping dry distillation gas purity, in each unit tower bottom, a flapper 4 is set.For " gas short circuit " phenomenon that the space of avoiding heating tube because being staggered in arrangement and tower wall occurs, be provided with number row pipe manifolds 13 between the inwall of heating tube and unit tower, each arranges pipe manifold between two-layer heating tube.
Still, referring to Fig. 1, the coal gas of being drawn by each unit tower carries out the tar trapping through catching coke installation 9, through water, coal gas, the tar of catching the coke installation separation, sends respectively, and part coal gas is introduced combustion chamber 1 and burnt.The coal grain is flowed through after each unit tower, goes out tower from the tower body bottom and is semicoke.
Specific works process of the present invention is as follows: the brown coal below particle diameter 30mm, from tower body top coal bunker, are sent in tower by screw(-type) feeder.The coal grain is from top to bottom in tower in dropping process, constantly and the interior densely covered heating tube contact-impact of tower.In tower, temperature is 500-800 ℃, and in heating tube, flue-gas temperature is 800-1000 ℃.Being heated of coal grain comes from several respects: Gu the gas-solid convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection in the hyperthermia radiation of heating tube heat and flow process and solid-heat conduction, therefore, its temperature is able to rapid rising.In coal grain dropping process, the time of staying in tower is huge on its destructive distillation degree impact, and in the present invention, the falling speed of coal grain is controlled by three links: the one, and the design heating tube is staggered in arrangement mode, guarantee in coal grain decline process constantly and it bumps, block it and hurtle down; The 2nd, by controlling the amount of drawing of each unit gas valve, can effectively control the flowing velocity that in tower, air-flow makes progress; The 3rd, in each destructive distillation tower body bottom, an independent flapper is set, the coal grain drops on flapper and is temporarily blocked, and the time that makes the coal grain stop in tower body is significantly extended, and it is more thorough that retort process is carried out.Can guarantee like this destructive distillation coal at dwell time in the tower in a few minutes to adjustable between dozens of minutes.For preventing that a large amount of coal grains from clashing into heating tube with excessive speed and causing tube wall worn out, before the coal grain strikes first row's heating tube, 3-8 row wearing-resistant tile is installed, to reduce coal grain speed, reduce the degree of wear of heating tube.After the wearing-resistant tile retardance, the decrease speed of coal grain reduces greatly, and the wearing and tearing of back heating tube almost can not considered.After producing a period of time, only need to change wearing-resistant tile and need not change heating tube, make equipment be easy to safeguard.Consider between the heating tube of close inner wall of tower and inner wall of tower face that thermal expansion all can leave certain space.For " gas short circuit " phenomenon of avoiding this space because of heating tube and inner wall of tower face to occur, be provided with some row's pipe manifolds, this pipe manifold can reboot go back to tower inside effectively by being slipped to the coal grain of limit wall, guarantees its heat-transfer effect and enough fall times.Along with the carrying out of retort process, the fugitive constituent of constantly assembling need to have path to draw, and the coal gas fairlead is all established in this every layer of unit of upgrading tower, establishes gas valve on fairlead, to control the coal gas amount of drawing from every layer of unit tower.Gas valve plays two effects: the one, but coal gas mobile speed from bottom to top in control tower; The 2nd, draw coal gas from different units, the time that is equivalent to the brown coal destructive distillation is difference to some extent, thereby can as required, adjust the composition of drawing coal gas.All unit coal gas pools together after drawing, and through catching coke installation, catches the defocused tar that obtains.Part coal gas draws go back to combustion chamber, and for burning, residual gas can advance the gas chamber storage or he uses.An independent flapper is set in each unit tower bottom, and the effect of flapper mainly contains two: 1, extend the destructive distillation time.The coal grain drops on flapper, enters next casing after mixing and continues destructive distillation, makes the coal grain of different dry boiling range degree be able to abundant contact on the one hand, utilizes the temperature difference between different coal grains, and directly contact is able to further fully destructive distillation; On the other hand, the coal grain drops on flapper the time that makes the coal grain stop in tower body and is significantly extended, and it is more thorough that retort process is carried out; 2, keep dry distillation gas purity.Field apparatus is that the connection by several modularization tower bodies completes, what be positioned at that topmost separates out near the unit tower of tower top coal bunker is mainly moisture, separation by flapper, the fugitive constituent that the several unit tower retort processes of moisture and lower floor of separating out can be separated out is separated, the purity that has kept dry distillation gas, the load, the reduction equipment investment that have alleviated subsequent condensation equipment.
Claims (4)
1. a large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower, it is characterized in that, it comprises tower body, combustion chamber (1), coal bunker (7) and screw(-type) feeder (6), described coal bunker and screw(-type) feeder are positioned at the tower body top, the tower body bottom is provided with semicoke outlet (3), the unit tower (5) that described tower body is arranged by several vertical laminations forms, uniform board (10) from top to bottom is set in each unit tower, wearing-resistant tile (11), heating tube (12), the high-temperature flue gas of being sent by combustion chamber is through S shape high-temperature flue (2), enter successively the heating tube in each unit tower from bottom to top, each unit tower is provided with the gas fairlead, establish gas valve (8) on fairlead, the unit tower that is positioned at topmost is provided with smokejack (14),
Heating tube (12) layering setting in described each unit tower (5), each layer of heating tube stagger arrangement arranged;
Described heating tube diameter is 10-100mm, and between each heating tube, horizontal spacing is 10-200mm, and longitudinal pitch is 10-300mm.
2. large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described each unit tower bottom is provided with flapper (4).
3. large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: be provided with number row pipe manifolds (13) between the inwall of described heating tube and unit tower, each arranges pipe manifold between two-layer heating tube.
4. large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described wearing-resistant tile (11) arranges the 3-8 layer, and each layer of wearing-resistant tile stagger arrangement arranged.
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| CN201110102342.0A CN102199437B (en) | 2011-04-23 | 2011-04-23 | Large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower |
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| CN201110102342.0A CN102199437B (en) | 2011-04-23 | 2011-04-23 | Large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower |
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| CN102199437B true CN102199437B (en) | 2014-01-01 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102517056B (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2014-02-12 | 黄冈市中洲安达热工设备有限公司 | Self-supplied heat source type of brown coal drying destructive distillation upgrading equipment |
| CN102796568B (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2015-07-08 | 刘宗礼 | Device and technology for producing blau-gas and carbon monoxide |
| CN103937521B (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2016-08-24 | 赵新大 | Outer hot vertical tilting pyrolysis oven |
| CN104178190B (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2016-05-04 | 千秋能源（上海）有限公司 | Brown coal upgrading treating apparatus |
| CN104178192B (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2016-06-22 | 千秋能源（上海）有限公司 | Brown coal upgrading processes combined mechanism |
| CN104178191B (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2016-06-22 | 千秋能源（上海）有限公司 | Brown coal upgrading processes system |
| CN105112082B (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2019-08-16 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Pyrolysis device and pyrolysis equipment of coal |
| CN107880911A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-04-06 | 北京神雾电力科技有限公司 | A kind of heat accumulating type fast pyrogenation stove of subregion radiation proof pipe abrasion |
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