CN102193155A - 海底井中的通信连接 - Google Patents

海底井中的通信连接 Download PDF

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CN102193155A
CN102193155A CN2011100336451A CN201110033645A CN102193155A CN 102193155 A CN102193155 A CN 102193155A CN 2011100336451 A CN2011100336451 A CN 2011100336451A CN 201110033645 A CN201110033645 A CN 201110033645A CN 102193155 A CN102193155 A CN 102193155A
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small
shape factor
pull device
optical fiber
push
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CN102193155B (zh
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P·J·戴维
I·肯特
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Co., Ltd of oil and natural gas Britain of General Electric
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Vetco Gray Controls Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
    • E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
    • E21B33/035—Well heads; Setting-up thereof specially adapted for underwater installations
    • E21B33/038—Connectors used on well heads, e.g. for connecting blow-out preventer and riser
    • E21B33/0385—Connectors used on well heads, e.g. for connecting blow-out preventer and riser electrical connectors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
    • E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
    • E21B33/035—Well heads; Setting-up thereof specially adapted for underwater installations
    • E21B33/0355—Control systems, e.g. hydraulic, pneumatic, electric, acoustic, for submerged well heads
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • E21B47/13—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. radio frequency
    • E21B47/135—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. radio frequency using light waves, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/3833—Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture
    • G02B6/3846—Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture with fibre stubs

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
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Abstract

一种在海底井中用于将来自光纤(7)的光学信号转换成电信号的通信连接，其包括小形状因数可插拔装置(8)。

Description

海底井中的通信连接
技术领域
本发明涉及海底井中的通信连接。
背景技术
例如烃类抽提井等海底井典型地通过来自水面平台或水面船只的脐带被供应有液压和电力以及通信。现代的井使用光纤用于向脐带的通信，因为它们能够携带要求的更高带宽。该脐带典型地端接于脐带终端组件(UTA)中，由此电力和通信例如直接或通过一个或多个海底分配单元分配给作为海底井综合体的典型的许多井树。从UTA的通信可以根据带宽需求结合个体井树离UTA的距离来经由光纤和/或铜来进行。来自脐带的光纤的终端受纤维光学连接器(典型地要求多至至少六个)影响，其中UTA输出到井树的链接要求另外的连接器。问题在于适合海底井的高水压环境的光纤连接器是昂贵的并且典型地不具有与良好建立的电连接器一样多的井操作员的信心。本发明去除了对光纤连接器的需要。
发明内容
从一个方面根据本发明，在海底井中提供有用于将来自光纤的光学信号转换成电信号的通信连接，其包括小形状因数可插拔装置。
从另一个方面根据本发明，提供有在海底井中提供用于将来自光纤的光学信号转换成电信号的通信连接的方法，其包括使用小形状因数可插拔装置以将光学信号转换成电信号。
该连接可以在例如所述光纤和在井树的海底电子模块之间或在水下终端组件或在海底分配单元。
所述光纤典型地在脐带中。
可以存在与第一小形状因数可插拔装置耦合的另外的小形状因数可插拔装置以用于将所述电信号转换成光学信号。
该或每个小形状因数可插拔装置可以收容在电连接器中。在该情况下，该连接器可以包括第一和第二配合的部件，每个具有相应外壳部分，该或每个小形状因数可插拔装置收容在相应外壳中。
在该连接在所述光纤和海底电子模块之间的情况中，该或每个小形状因数可插拔装置的电力可以从海底电子模块提供。
备选地，该或每个小形状因数可插拔装置的电力可以由来自水面设施供应的电力或由来自另外的光纤的光能或由可充电蓄电池提供。
附图说明
图1图解示出在UTA的脐带的终端，连同与UTA耦合的井树；
图2a-2c示出本发明的第一组实施例；以及
图3a-3c示出本发明的第二组实施例。
具体实施方式
图1示出在UTA 2的来自例如水面平台和水面船只等水面设施的脐带1的终端的典型设置，其输出3向安装在井树5上的海底控制模块(SCM)4馈送液压动力(hydraulic power)，并且向容置在SCM 4中的海底电子模块(SEM)6馈送电力和通信。该UTA 2也向在井综合体中其他树提供液压和电力以及通信。
在图2a-2c和3a-3c中，标号7标示来自UTA的脐带中的光纤，标号8标明小形状因数可插拔装置(SFP)，光纤7在该处端接，并且标号10和11标明分别具有端部外壳12和16的铜连接器的两个配合在一起的部件，SFP 8安装在连接器部件10的端部外壳12中并且模塑成型到其中。
图2a示出根据本发明的设置，其中要求的到SEM的通信接口是铜，例如4线以太网，标号17标明从来自水面设施的脐带输送AC电力的线路。适合本发明的SFP是现成可获得的。对于SFP 8需要电力，典型地以3.3伏特。这可以通过线路18从SEM中已经可获得的DC电源提供。备选地，由于SFP 8的电力要求是小的，如在图2b中示出的备选电源是实用的，其中从线路17上的AC电力得到电力的小的AC到DC供电单元13(例如开关或电容器馈送电源等)也安装在端部外壳12中。该设置节省了通过连接器10/11的两个连接，其可以导致显著的成本降低。向SFP 8提供电力的另外的备选方式(特别地如果在来自UTA的脐带中存在多余的光纤并且如在图2c中图示的)是沿光纤19向下传送光并且利用光伏电池以将光转换成电力以供给SFP，即，光伏供电单元14，其也可以在连接器10/11的端部外壳12中模塑成型。光典型地将通过脐带从水面设施提供给UTA。
图3a-3c分别示出图2a-2c的实施例的修改，其中要求的到SEM的通信接口是光纤。在图3a中，SFP 15也安装在配合的铜连接器10/11的连接器部件11的端部外壳16中并且在其中模塑成型。SFP 8将光纤输出转换成电接口，例如4线以太网，其通过铜连接器10/11馈送至SFP 15，SFP 15将该电接口转换回光纤接口。从而，电连接器可以用于代替更昂贵的光纤连接器而获得接口。在连接器10/11中的铜的短长度允许高达100兆比特/秒的数据率，其对于大多数海底井应用是足够的并且典型地匹配了光纤可获得带宽。SFP 8和15的电力从SEM中现有的电源提供(如在图2a中)。图3b示出其中电力由如在图2b中的小供电单元供应给SFP 8和15的设置，并且图3c示出从由光通过如在图2c中的多余光纤供能的光伏电池14得到的电源。
本发明不仅可用于在井树的光纤连接，而且可应用于在UTA(例如，从来自水面设施的或自UTA连出的脐带)和/或连入海底分配单元或从其中连出的光纤连接。并且，本发明不限于4线以太网的使用-例如它可应用于任何形式的串行通信。对该或每个SFP的电源形式的另外备选项是使用可充电蓄电池，例如使用来自光纤的光的可充电的电池。
使用本发明的优势
1.昂贵的光纤连接器被去除并且由便宜得多的电连接器代替。
2.许多现代井和它们的SEM采用以太网接口。本发明提供从脐带的光纤输出到以太网通信系统的简洁和低成本直接转换。

Claims (16)

1.一种在海底井中用于将来自光纤的光学信号转换成电信号的通信连接，其包括小形状因数可插拔装置。
2.如权利要求1所述的连接，其中所述连接在所述光纤和在井树的海底电子模块之间或在水下终端组件或在海底分配单元。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的连接，其中所述光纤在脐带中。
4.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的连接，包括与第一小形状因数可插拔装置耦合的另外的小形状因数可插拔装置以用于将所述电信号转换成光学信号。
5.如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的连接，其中所述或每个小形状因数可插拔装置收容在电连接器中。
6.如权利要求5所述的连接，其中所述连接器包括第一和第二配合部件，每个具有相应外壳部分，所述或每个小形状因数可插拔装置收容在相应的所述外壳中。
7.如权利要求2或引用权利要求2的权利要求3至6中任一项所述的连接，其中所述连接在所述光纤和海底电子模块之间并且用于所述或每个小形状因数可插拔装置的电力从所述海底电子模块提供。
8.如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的通信连接，其中用于所述或每个小形状因数可插拔装置的电力由来自水面设施供应的电力提供或由来自另外的光纤的光能提供或由可充电蓄电池提供。
9.一种在海底井中提供用于将来自光纤的光学信号转换成电信号的通信连接的方法，其包括使用小形状因数可插拔装置以将所述光学信号转换成电信号。
10.如权利要求9所述的方法，其中所述连接在所述光纤和在井树的海底电子模块之间或在水下终端组件或在海底分配单元。
11.如权利要求9或10所述的方法，其中所述光纤在脐带中。
12.如权利要求9至11中任一项所述的方法，包括提供与所述第一小形状因数可插拔装置耦合的另外的小形状因数可插拔装置以将所述电信号转换成光学信号。
13.如权利要求9至12中任一项所述的方法，其中所述或每个小形状因数可插拔装置收容在电连接器中。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法，其中所述连接器包括第一和第二配合部件，每个具有相应外壳部分，所述或每个小形状因数可插拔装置收容在相应的所述壳体中。
15.如权利要求10或如引用权利要求10的权利要求11至13中任一项所述的方法，其中所述连接在所述光纤和海底电子模块之间并且用于所述或每个小形状因数可插拔装置的电力从所述海底电子模块提供。
16.如权利要求9至14中任一项所述的方法，其中用于所述或每个小形状因数可插拔装置的电力由来自水面设施供应的电力提供或由来自另外的光纤的光能提供或由可充电蓄电池提供。
CN201110033645.1A 2010-01-21 2011-01-21 海底井中的通信连接 Expired - Fee Related CN102193155B (zh)

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GB1000964.5A GB2477104B (en) 2010-01-21 2010-01-21 Communications connection in a subsea well

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AU (1) AU2011200203B2 (zh)
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