CN102191566A - Enzyme preparation for degumming fresh ramie and preparation method thereof and method for degumming fresh ramie - Google Patents
Enzyme preparation for degumming fresh ramie and preparation method thereof and method for degumming fresh ramie Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an enzyme preparation for degumming fresh ramie, a preparation method thereof and a method for degumming the fresh ramie. Alkaline pectinase and hemicellulase are mixed, and the obtained enzyme preparation can be directly used for the method for degumming the fresh ramie, so that the problem that the fresh ramie cannot be effectively degummed by a chemical degumming method and a biological bacterium degumming method is solved; meanwhile, the process for degumming the fresh ramie is simple, and preparation and enzyme immersion steps of the fresh ramie are performed in a farmland; the using amount of chemical medicaments in high-pressure cooking treatment fluid is small, and toxic chemicals are not used; and the chemical oxygen demand in wastewater obtained after ramie fibers are prepared is low, and the wastewater contains a large number of ions such as phosphorus, potassium, sodium and the like, so the wastewater can be directly used for irrigating the farmland, and the cost is saved and the environment is also protected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the China grass degumming field, be specifically related to the method for the bright retting of a kind of ramie with enzyme preparation and preparation method thereof and the bright retting of ramie.
Background technology
Ramie is a kind of time-honored crops that originate in China.Contain a large amount of as-spun fibres in its bast, ramie filament length is 40mm～450mm, is the longest in the crudefiber crop.Filament fineness 5.0dtex～6.67dtex, the cross section is polygonal or ellipse, and good springiness, good insulating, pliability height are a kind of textile raw material crops that have economic worth.
Ramie just can obtain as-spun fibre after need coming unstuck and handling, and traditional Degumming method is immersed in spontaneous fermentation in the water for ramie being gathered in the bright fiber crops of the unseasoned ramie in back, and then the flush away colloid, beat again, get rid of to wash and dry, and the fiber of acquisition ramie obtains the ramie as-spun fibre; Perhaps the bright fiber crops of ramie are dried and obtain the ramie raw ramie,, dry by rinsing, the high pressure kiering of acid again and obtain the ramie as-spun fibre by colloid and the lignin in chemical Degumming or biological bacteria or the enzymatic degradation ramie raw ramie.
First method is the most original ramie degumming method in the prior art, and usually time is long, process conditions control difficulty, and degumming quality is not high, and is inhomogeneous yet, can't realize large-scale industrial production; And second method can only be used in the ramie raw ramie, can not directly use in the bright fiber crops of ramie, because chemical oxygen content (COD) and inorganic particulate pollute the environment in the waste water of chemical Degumming, and the ramie as-spun fibre that chemical Degumming obtains is inhomogeneous; And use biological bacteria to come unstuck, the time of biological bacteria generation biology enzyme is long, and when utilizing biological bacteria to come unstuck, the small-molecule substance that discharges when the metabolite of biological bacteria and generation biology enzyme can cause the rising of COD in the factory effluent, and the condition of culture harshness of biological bacteria, to operating personnel's specification requirement height, implement difficulty in the field big, improper as not carrying out deactivation operation or deactivation, very easily cause secondary pollution.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, the method for the bright retting of a kind of ramie with enzyme preparation and preparation method thereof and the bright retting of ramie is provided, use described enzyme preparation can be directly to the operation of coming unstuck of the bright fiber crops of ramie, simple, power consumption is few, and cost is low, pollutes little.
In order to overcome the above problems, the invention provides the method for the bright retting of a kind of ramie, comprising:
The ramie peeling that harvesting is good goes green grass or young crops to obtain the bright fiber crops of ramie;
The bright fiber crops of described ramie are soaked 20h～30h in enzyme preparation;
The bright fiber crops of ramie after the described immersion enzyme preparation are copied fiber crops in advance on flax stamping device;
The described bright fiber crops of ramie of copying in advance behind the fiber crops are carried out autoclaving;
The bright fiber crops of ramie after the described autoclaving are copied fiber crops on flax stamping device, obtain as-spun fibre;
Described as-spun fibre is carried out pickling, washing, and oiling behind the flush away impurity to dry obtains ramee.
Preferably, described autoclaving specifically comprises:
The described bright fiber crops of ramie of copying in advance behind the fiber crops are put into water, in water, add NaSiO again
3, NaOH, auxiliary agent, H
2O
2Obtain mixture;
Pressure is that standard atmospheric pressure, temperature are 90 ℃～100 ℃ described mixture 0.5h～1h of heating down, then described pressure is increased to 0.2MPa, continues the described mixed liquor 0.5h～2.5h of heating.
Preferably, described auxiliary agent is a poly (sodium aspartate).
The bright retting enzyme preparation of a kind of ramie comprises:
Enzyme activity is alkaline pectase and the hemicellulase of 50U/mL～5000U/mL.
Preferably, described hemicellulase is at least by a kind of composition the in the biology enzyme once: enzyme activity is that the neutral xylanase of 500U/mL～2000U/mL, dextranase, the enzyme activity that enzyme activity is 4000U/mL～50000U/mL are the mannase of 600U/mL～50000U/mL.
Preferably, also comprise with enzyme preparation by volume percentage be 0.1%～10% surfactant and 0.1%～10% chelating agent.
Preferably, described surfactant is at least by a kind of composition the in the following nonionic surface active agent: ethoxylated dodecyl alcohol, cetanol polyoxyethylene ether.
Preferably, described chelating agent is the atactic polymer of acrylic acid, acrylate, maleic anhydride.
The bright retting of a kind of ramie preparation method of enzyme preparation comprises:
It is in 30 ℃～50 ℃ the water that surfactant and chelating agent are added temperature, stirs, and dissolving obtains first mixed liquor after the cooling;
Alkaline pectase, neutral xylanase, dextranase, mannase are added respectively in first mixed liquor, obtain enzyme preparation.
Preferably, the enzyme activity of various enzymes is in the described enzyme preparation: alkaline pectase 50U/mL～5000U/mL, neutral xylanase 500U/mL～2000U/mL, dextranase 4000U/mL～50000U/mL, mannase 600U/mL～50000U/mL.
The invention provides a kind of method of using described enzyme preparation that the bright fiber crops of ramie are come unstuck, comprising: will gather in good ramie peeling and go green grass or young crops to obtain the bright fiber crops of ramie; The bright fiber crops of described ramie are soaked 20h～30h in enzyme preparation; The bright fiber crops of ramie after the described immersion enzyme preparation are copied fiber crops in advance on flax stamping device; The described bright fiber crops of ramie of copying in advance behind the fiber crops are carried out autoclaving; The bright fiber crops of ramie after the described autoclaving are copied fiber crops on flax stamping device, obtain as-spun fibre; Described as-spun fibre is carried out pickling, washing, remove to dry behind the impurity and obtain ramee.Describedly come unstuck simple to operately, the chemical reagent dosage of using in the autoclaving is little, has reduced cost, simultaneously because used enzyme preparation rather than biological bacteria to avoid secondary pollution in the process of coming unstuck.The invention provides the bright retting enzyme preparation of a kind of ramie, comprising: enzyme activity is the alkaline pectase of 50U/mL～5000U/mL, the neutral xylanase that enzyme activity is 500U/mL～2000U/mL, the dextranase that enzyme activity is 4000U/mL～50000U/mL, mannase and surfactant and the chelating agent that enzyme activity is 600U/mL～50000U/mL.The bright retting of ramie provided by the invention with enzyme preparation owing to be colloid in the enzymatic decomposition ramie of directly using, and enzyme does not have life, the ramee quality instability that causes producing so can not cause the variation of enzymatic activity when the bright fiber crops of ramie are used, contain a large amount of phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium etc. in the waste water after coming unstuck simultaneously and be directly used in the irrigated farmland, reduced cost.The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of described enzyme preparation, comprising: it is in 30 ℃～50 ℃ the water that surfactant and chelating agent are added temperature, stirs, and dissolving obtains first mixed liquor after the cooling; Alkaline pectase, neutral xylanase, dextranase, mannase are added respectively in first mixed liquor, obtain enzyme preparation.Described preparation method is simple to operate, makes things convenient for large-scale industrial production.
The specific embodiment
In order further to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment the preferred embodiments of the invention are described, but should be appreciated that just restriction of these descriptions for further specifying the features and advantages of the present invention rather than patent of the present invention being required.
Explanation of nouns
The bright fiber crops of ramie: the definition of bright fiber crops is the ramie raw ramie of also not doing after the harvesting with, only comprise go blue or green bright fiber crops of ramie behind the green grass or young crops and machine combining to process through peeling after also dried ramie raw materials.
The ramie raw ramie: the definition of raw ramie is that the ramie that harvesting back peeling goes to dry behind the green grass or young crops processes raw material, and comprises that doing the stripping of fiber crops and machine by hand does numb.
The invention provides the method for the bright retting of a kind of ramie, comprising: will gather in good ramie peeling and go green grass or young crops to obtain the bright fiber crops of ramie; The bright fiber crops of described ramie are soaked 20h～30h in enzyme preparation; The bright fiber crops of ramie after the described immersion enzyme preparation are copied fiber crops in advance on flax stamping device; The described bright fiber crops of ramie of copying in advance behind the fiber crops are carried out autoclaving; The bright fiber crops of ramie after the described autoclaving are copied fiber crops on flax stamping device, obtain as-spun fibre.Described as-spun fibre is carried out pickling, washing, and behind the removal impurity, oiling to dry obtains ramee.
Described autoclaving specifically comprises:
The described bright fiber crops of ramie of copying in advance behind the fiber crops are put into water, in water, add NaSiO again
3, NaOH, auxiliary agent, H
2O
2Obtain mixed liquor;
Pressure is that standard atmospheric pressure, temperature are 90 ℃～100 ℃ described mixed liquor 0.5h～1h of heating down, then described pressure is increased to 0.2MPa, continues the described mixed liquor 0.5h～2.5h of heating.
China grass degumming is meant pectin in the ramie and lignin degradation or removes and obtain the process of ramee.
According to the present invention, the bright fiber crops of ramie also not have the ramie raw materials done, the bright fiber crops of ramie after for the ramie harvesting after can be that the peasant is manual gather in, and peeling goes green grass or young crops to obtain, and also can be that peeling goes green grass or young crops to obtain behind the mechanical harvesting.Be different from the ramie raw ramie, contain large quantity of moisture and liquid organic matter in the bright fiber crops of ramie, this has caused can causing the inadequate problem of coming unstuck when using chemical Degumming method that the bright fiber crops of ramie are come unstuck, and when using the biological bacteria Degumming method that the bright fiber crops of ramie are come unstuck, because the harshness of its mushroom condition of culture, large quantity of moisture in the bright fiber crops of ramie and organic can the breeding metabolism of bacterium being impacted, the feasible efficient of coming unstuck is low, if use the biological bacteria Degumming method simultaneously, the improper meeting of mushroom deactivation remains in the waste water, will cause secondary pollution in case waste water is discharged.And enzyme preparation provided by the invention, directly use pectin and lignin in the bright fiber crops of enzymatic degradation ramie, not needing to generate enzyme with biological bacteria again comes catalysis to come unstuck, do like this can fast and stable catalysis come unstuck, reduce cost and avoided the influence of metabolite that biological bacteria produces in the process of coming unstuck the efficient of coming unstuck, and the secondary pollution that causes of discharge of wastewater.
According to the present invention, the bright fiber crops of the ramie for preparing are immersed in the container that fills enzyme preparation provided by the invention, soak the enzyme operation, soak the enzyme temperature and be preferably 10 ℃～55 ℃, more preferably 30 ℃～50 ℃; Soaking the enzyme time is preferably 20h～30h, more preferably 24h～28h; The pH value is preferably 7.0～10.0, and more preferably 8.5～9.5; Enzyme dosage accounts for the bright numb total weight percent of ramie and is preferably 1%～4.0%, and more preferably 1.5%～2.5%.Soak to take out behind the enzyme EO to be placed on and copy the fiber crops operation on the flax stamping device in advance.The flax stamping device that the present invention uses is preferably the flax stamping device that cast iron is made, by support and runner and copy fiber crops hammers and motor is formed, the bright fiber crops of ramie that to soak after the enzyme operation is finished are placed on the runner, start motor, under the drive of motor, the bright fiber crops of ramie are followed runner and rotate, and that copies simultaneously that the fiber crops hammer do not stop beats the bright fiber crops of ramie, makes that the internal structure of the bright fiber crops of ramie is loose.Preferably copy fiber crops 2～3 circles in advance.
According to the present invention, copy numb EO in advance after, preferably will copy the bright fiber crops dress of the ramie cage behind the fiber crops in advance, be preferably the every cage of 1000kg～1500kg, be placed on again to boil and float in the pond, carry out the autoclaving operation.So-called autoclaving just is to use boils the bright fiber crops of ramie that float after fiber crops are copied in the treatment fluid processing in advance, removes pigment, the process of impurity.Add the autoclaving treatment fluid in the pond to boiling to float, this treatment fluid comprises: quality optimization is the NaSiO for the bright numb weight 2.5%～3.5% of ramie
3Adding quality optimization is the NaOH of 10kg～20kg; Adding quality optimization is the auxiliary agent of the bright numb weight 0.5%～1.5% of ramie, and described auxiliary agent is preferably poly (sodium aspartate); Adding quality optimization is the H of the bright numb weight 1%～2% of ramie
2O
2, and the water of 5000kg～6000kg, obtain mixture.Depress this mixture of heating at normal atmosphere then, temperature is preferably 90 ℃～100 ℃, is preferably 0.5h～1h heat time heating time, then described pressure is increased to 0.2MPa, continues the described mixed liquor 0.5h～2.5h of heating.
According to the present invention .H in the autoclaving treatment fluid
2O
2Mainly the as-spun fibre in the bright fiber crops of ramie is played discoloration, reach achromatic objective, also have the effect that impurity is removed in boiling-off by degraded pigment unsaturated bond; NaOH plays digesting agent, mainly removes the cellulose commensal, comprises that hemicellulose, pectic substance, lignin, wax, ash grade, and also has the pH value of adjusting and quickens H
2O
2The effect of decomposing; Poly (sodium aspartate) has effects such as good wetting, infiltration, washing, emulsification, dispersion, can improve the wettability of the bright fiber crops of ramie. help the infiltration of treatment fluid. and impurity is washed from the fiber easily fallen; NaSiO
3Be stabilizing agent. be used to control H
2O
2Decomposition, in treatment fluid, add suitable stabilizing agent and can effectively and fully utilize H
2O
2, and reduce damage as far as possible to as-spun fibre.
After handling through autoclaving, the pectin in the bright fiber crops of ramie and lignin etc. have all been degraded or have been separated with as-spun fibre, place it in and copy fiber crops 3～5 circles on the flax stamping device, thoroughly with as-spun fibre and pectin and lignin separation.Obtain as-spun fibre, again with as-spun fibre through overpickling 1～2 time, wash 1～2 time, in and residual alkaline matter on the as-spun fibre, abundant flush away enzyme preparation and break away from the pectin of as-spun fibre and the catabolite of lignin, and various auxiliary agent and undecomposed H
2O
2Washing oils after finishing, and dries to obtain ramee.
The enzyme step of soaking of preparation of the bright fiber crops of ramie of the present invention and the bright fiber crops of ramie is preferably carried out between the ramie farmland, reduces factory site and personnel configuration, can enlarge plant layout like this and reduce cost.
The invention provides the bright retting of a kind of ramie comprises with enzyme preparation: enzyme activity is the alkaline pectase of 50U/mL～5000U/mL, the neutral xylanase that enzyme activity is 500U/mL～2000U/mL, the dextranase that enzyme activity is 4000U/mL～50000U/mL, mannase and surfactant and the chelating agent that enzyme activity is 600U/mL～50000U/mL.Wherein alkaline pectase belongs to a kind of of pectase, also has a kind of acid pectase in addition, because enzyme preparation provided by the invention is to act on the bright fiber crops of ramie, and moisture is big in the bright fiber crops of ramie, if use acid pectase, it will inevitably hydrolysis and the bright numb quality instability of ramie that causes enzyme preparation catalysis degumming effect and make, so the present invention uses alkaline pectase.The effect of alkaline pectase is that pectin and other colloidal materials in the bright fiber crops of catalysis ramie is degraded into small-molecule substance fast, thereby that can decompose in the process of autoclaving is rapider more stable, and draws the ramee quality of having only enzyme activity to obtain when the 50U/mL～5000U/mL through a large amount of experiments of the inventor and could stablize; Be hemicellulase according to neutral xylanase of the present invention, dextranase, mannase, act on hemicellulose and lignin, cellulose is peeled off out from the bright fiber crops of ramie.
According to the present invention, owing to used alkaline pectase, so preferably use nonionic surface active agent, ethoxylated dodecyl alcohol for example well known in the art, cetanol polyoxyethylene ether.The present invention preferably uses ethoxylated dodecyl alcohol, obtain by laruyl alcohol and oxirane addition, wherein according to the difference of oxirane number, oleophylic hydrophilic group equilibrium index (HLB) is between 10～16, this explanation ethoxylated dodecyl alcohol can be good at reducing interfacial tension, make to can be good at contacting between enzyme and ramie colloid and other materials in the enzyme preparation, increased the effect that enzymatic is decomposed.
Also preferably added chelating agent in the enzyme preparation of the present invention, described chelating agent is preferably and uses two or more formed random copolymer in acrylic acid, acrylate, the maleic anhydride, and the degree of polymerization is 100-300.The effect of chelating agent is to use multidentate ligand in the chelating agent structure metal ion in the bright fiber crops of ramie fix and is extracted out by coordination effect, and its many carboxyl structure of while can effectively disperse the colloid in the ramie to improve the purity and the intensity of ramee.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of described enzyme preparation, comprising: it is in 30 ℃～50 ℃ the water that surfactant and chelating agent are added temperature, stirs, and dissolving obtains first mixed liquor after the cooling;
Alkaline pectase, neutral xylanase, dextranase, mannase are added respectively in first mixed liquor, obtain enzyme preparation.
According to the present invention, be in 30 ℃～50 ℃ water with ethoxylated dodecyl alcohol and chelating agent adding temperature, stir, treat that ethoxylated dodecyl alcohol and chelating agent all obtain first mixed liquor after the dissolving.The temperature of water is preferably 35 ℃～45 ℃, and the percent by volume that the amount that adds ethoxylated dodecyl alcohol and chelating agent accounts for the enzyme preparation total amount respectively is preferably 0.1%～10%, and more preferably 0.5%～2%.Alkaline pectase, neutral xylanase, dextranase, mannase are added in first mixed liquor, because various enzymes active different, be that the enzyme activity of 50U/mL～5000U/mL, neutral xylanase is that the enzyme activity of 500U/mL～2000U/mL, dextranase is that the enzyme activity of 4000U/mL～50000U/mL, mannase is 600U/mL～50000U/mL so the dosage of interpolation enzyme will satisfy the alkaline pectase enzyme activity.Wherein U/mL is illustrated in the interior required enzyme amount of 1 μ mol substrate that transforms of 1min that 25 ℃ of following every milliliter of enzyme preparations contain.So also can regard enzyme content as.After reaching the enzyme activity requirement, stir, be China grass degumming enzyme preparation provided by the invention.
The present invention does not do qualification to the source of alkaline pectase, neutral xylanase, dextranase, mannase, is preferably the biology enzyme that uses the biological bacteria fermentation to discharge in advance.
The invention provides a kind of China grass degumming enzyme preparation, directly the colloid in the ramie is decomposed in the enzymatic of using, and enzyme does not have life, do not cause ramee quality instability so can not cause active variation when the bright fiber crops of ramie are used, contain a large amount of phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium etc. in the waste water after coming unstuck simultaneously and be directly used in the irrigated farmland, reduced cost.The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of described enzyme preparation, and is simple to operate, makes things convenient for large-scale industrial production.The present invention also provides a kind of method of using described enzyme preparation that ramie is come unstuck, and is simple to operate, and the chemical reagent dosage of using in the autoclaving is little, has reduced cost, simultaneously because used enzyme preparation to avoid secondary pollution in the process of coming unstuck.
In order further to set forth technical scheme of the present invention, be specific embodiments of the invention below, and need to prove that following examples only are most preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The preparation of enzyme preparation:
With the chelating agent adding 1000mL temperature of ethoxylated dodecyl alcohol 5mL and 5mL is in 40 ℃ of water, stir, treat that ethoxylated dodecyl alcohol and chelating agent all obtain first mixed liquor after the dissolving, alkaline pectase, neutral xylanase, dextranase, mannase are added in first mixed liquor, and the regulatory enzyme activity is: alkaline pectase 300U/ml; Neutral xylanase: 1000U/ml; Dextranase: 8000U/ml; Mannase: 1000U/ml.Obtain bright retting enzyme preparation.
Embodiment 2
The ramie place of production: the Hunan Yuanjiang is shelled numb efficient; 265 kilograms of bright fiber crops every day (be equivalent to 100 kilograms and do fiber crops)
After using the bright fiber crops of mechanical harvesting, green grass or young crops is gone in mechanical barking, obtains the bright fiber crops of ramie, and the bright fiber crops of the ramie for preparing are immersed in the container of the enzyme preparation that fills embodiment 1 preparation, soaks the enzyme operation, and soaking the enzyme temperature is 35 ℃; Soaking the enzyme time is 28h; The pH value is 8.5; Enzyme dosage accounts for the bright numb total weight percent of ramie and is preferably 2.5%.Soak behind the enzyme EO the bright fiber crops of ramie are taken out to be placed on and copy the fiber crops operation on the flax stamping device in advance.Copy fiber crops 2 circles in advance.
After copying numb EO in advance, with the bright fiber crops dress of the ramie cage of copying in advance behind the fiber crops, the every cage of 1200kg is placed on to boil again and floats in the pond, carries out the autoclaving operation.Add the autoclaving treatment fluid in the pond to boiling to float, this treatment fluid comprises: NaSiO
336kg; 15kgNaOH; Poly (sodium aspartate) 12kg; H
2O
218kg obtains mixture.Depress this mixture of heating at normal atmosphere then, temperature is 95 ℃, is preferably 1h heat time heating time, then pressure is increased to 0.2MPa again and continues the described mixed liquor 2h of heating.
After the autoclaving processing, the bright fiber crops of the ramie after the boiling are placed on copy fiber crops 5 circles on the flax stamping device again, thoroughly with as-spun fibre and pectin and lignin separation.Obtain as-spun fibre, again with as-spun fibre through overpickling 2 times, wash 2 times, oil, dry and obtain ramee.
The performance of the ramee that testing result and traditional chemical Degumming method make compares the result shown in table 1～table 3:
Table 1, embodiment 2 compare with the ramee performance that dried numb chemical Degumming method obtains
The recombing bar mass ratio of table 2, embodiment 2 and dried numb chemical Degumming
| Project | Embodiment 2 | Chemical Degumming |
| Runner rate % | ?0.26 | 0.32 |
| Fiber crops grain grain/g | ?5 | 7 |
| Average fiber length cm | 9.5 | 9.13 |
| Short fiber rate % | 4.95 | 5.4 |
Table 3, embodiment 2 and dried numb chemical Degumming 36Nm ramie yarn mass ratio are
| Project | Unit | FZ/T3200-2003 is excellent | Embodiment | Chemical Degumming |
| Actual count | Nm | - | 36.49 | 36.23 |
| Weight unevenness | ％ | ≤3 | 1.66 | 2.6 |
| Deviation of weight | ％ | ±2.5 | -1.36 | -0.64 |
| The index of quality | - | - | 1775 | 1659 |
| The blackboard bar evenness | Divide | 100 | 100 | 90 |
| Big joint | Individual/800m | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Trifle | Individual/800m | 10 | 6 | 8 |
| The fiber crops grain | Individual/800m | 20 | 17 | 19 |
| Strip dry uniformity variant coefficient | ％ | ≤21 | 18.27 | 18.91 |
| The single thread fracture strength | CN/tex | ≥19 | 24.08 | 22.46 |
| The single thread force coefficient of variation | ％ | ≤19 | 17.09 | 19.52 |
| Extension at break | ％ | - | 5.12 | 2.89 |
Embodiment 3
The ramie place of production: Hunan Yuanjiang
After using the bright fiber crops of mechanical harvesting, green grass or young crops is gone in hand peeling, obtains the bright fiber crops of ramie, and the bright fiber crops of the ramie for preparing are immersed in the container of the enzyme preparation that fills embodiment 1 preparation, soaks the enzyme operation, and soaking the enzyme temperature is 35 ℃; Soaking the enzyme time is 30h; The pH value is 8.5; Enzyme dosage accounts for the bright numb total weight percent of ramie and is preferably 2.5%.Soak behind the enzyme EO the bright fiber crops of ramie are taken out to be placed on and copy the fiber crops operation on the flax stamping device in advance.Copy fiber crops 3 circles in advance.
After copying numb EO in advance, with the bright fiber crops dress of the ramie cage of copying in advance behind the fiber crops, the every cage of 1200kg is placed on to boil again and floats in the pond, carries out the autoclaving operation.Add the autoclaving treatment fluid in the pond to boiling to float, this treatment fluid comprises: NaSiO
336kg; 20kg NaOH; Poly (sodium aspartate) 12kg; H
2O
218kg obtains mixture.Depress this mixture of heating at normal atmosphere then, temperature is 95 ℃, and be 1h heat time heating time, then pressure is increased to the 0.2MPa temperature again and continues the described mixed liquor 2h of heating.
After the autoclaving processing, the bright fiber crops of the ramie after the boiling are placed on copy fiber crops 5 circles on the flax stamping device again, thoroughly with as-spun fibre and pectin and lignin separation.Obtain as-spun fibre, again with as-spun fibre through overpickling 2 times, wash 2 times, oil, dry and obtain ramee.
It is as shown in table 4 that the performance of the ramee that testing result and traditional chemical Degumming method make compares the result:
The performance that obtains ramee after table 4, embodiment 3 come unstuck with dried numb biological bacteria compares
Embodiment 4
Use potassium dichromate standard method to measure the comparison of COD in the waste water of embodiment 2 embodiment 3 and dried numb chemical Degumming generation
The full glass reflux of instrument: 250mL, heater (electric furnace), 50mL acid buret, conical flask, pipette, volumetric flask etc.
Reagent: potassium bichromate standard liquid (c
1/ 6K
2Cr
2O
7=0.2500mol/L), ferroin indicator solution, iron ammonium sulfate standard liquid [c (NH
4)
2Fe (SO
4)
26H
2O=0.1mol/L] (demarcating before using), sulfuric acid-silver sulfate solution.
Determination step:
Iron ammonium sulfate is demarcated: accurately draw 10.00mL potassium bichromate standard liquid in the 500mL conical flask, thin up is to the 110mL, slowly add the 30mL concentrated sulfuric acid, shake up. after the cooling, add 3 ferroin indicator solutions (0.15mL), use the l ferrous ammonium sulfate solution titration, the color of solution is terminal point by yellow through aquamarine blue to bronzing.
Measure:
Get the 20mL water sample, add the potassium bichromate of 10mL, plug reflux, add 30mL sulfuric acid-silver sulfate again, reflux 2h;
After the cooling,, fetch the solution behind the stream with 90.00mL water flushing condensation tube wall;
After solution cools off once again, add 3 ferroin indicator solutions, use the iron ammonium sulfate standard solution titration, the color of solution is terminal point by yellow through aquamarine blue to bronzing, the consumption of record iron ammonium sulfate standard liquid;
When measuring water sample, get the 20.00mL double distilled water, make blank assay by same operating procedure. the consumption of iron ammonium sulfate standard liquid when the record titration is blank.
Calculate:
CODCr(O
2，mg/L)＝[8×1000(V
0-V
1)×C]/V；
C---the concentration of iron ammonium sulfate standard liquid, mol/L
V---volume of water sample, mL
V
0---the consumption of iron ammonium sulfate standard liquid when titration is blank, mL
V
1---the consumption of iron ammonium sulfate standard liquid during the titration water sample, mL
In the formula, (V
0-V
1) * C is that the amount of the amount of water pollutant (reducing substances) and oxidizing substance can trim.When being converted into oxygen demand, because lose an electronics in an iron ammonium sulfate molecular reaction, to calculate by oxygen, an oxygen atom needs 2 electronics, and the atomic weight of oxygen atom is 16, is 8 grams so obtain the quality of one mole of electronics.Want calculated mass, so the amount of handy reducing substances multiply by 8 gram/mole oxygen, income value is the oxygen demand of pollutant.
Result of calculation is as shown in table 5:
The detection of pH value uses the accurate pH test paper testing result as shown in table 5:
Table 5, embodiment 2 embodiment 3 and the discharge of wastewater index contrast of doing numb chemical Degumming
| ? | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Conventional chemical comes unstuck |
| COD | 9700 | 9850 | 18700 |
| pH | 12 | 12 | 13 |
The boiling-off waste liquid COD is come unstuck than conventional chemical will reduce 50%.
More than the method for a kind of China grass degumming provided by the invention with enzyme preparation and preparation method thereof and China grass degumming is described in detail; having used specific case herein sets forth principle of the present invention and embodiment; the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of claim of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the method for the bright retting of ramie is characterized in that, comprising:
The ramie peeling that harvesting is good goes green grass or young crops to obtain the bright fiber crops of ramie;
The bright fiber crops of described ramie are soaked 20h～30h in enzyme preparation;
The bright fiber crops of ramie after the described immersion enzyme preparation are copied fiber crops in advance on flax stamping device;
The described bright fiber crops of ramie of copying in advance behind the fiber crops are carried out autoclaving;
The bright fiber crops of ramie after the described autoclaving are copied fiber crops on flax stamping device, obtain as-spun fibre;
Described as-spun fibre is carried out pickling, washing, and oiling behind the flush away impurity to dry obtains ramee.
2. Degumming method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described autoclaving specifically comprises:
The described bright fiber crops of ramie of copying in advance behind the fiber crops are put into water, in water, add NaSiO again
3, NaOH, auxiliary agent, H
2O
2Obtain mixture;
Pressure is that standard atmospheric pressure, temperature are 90 ℃～100 ℃ described mixture 0.5h～1h of heating down, then described pressure is increased to 0.2MPa, continues the described mixed liquor 0.5h～2.5h of heating.
3. Degumming method according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described auxiliary agent is a poly (sodium aspartate).
4. the bright retting enzyme preparation of ramie that claim 1 is used is characterized in that, comprising:
Enzyme activity is alkaline pectase and the hemicellulase of 50U/mL～5000U/mL.
5. enzyme preparation according to claim 4, it is characterized in that described hemicellulase is at least by a kind of composition the in the biology enzyme once: enzyme activity is that the neutral xylanase of 500U/mL～2000U/mL, dextranase, the enzyme activity that enzyme activity is 4000U/mL～50000U/mL are the mannase of 600U/mL～50000U/mL.
6. enzyme preparation according to claim 5 is characterized in that, also comprise with enzyme preparation by volume percentage be 0.1%～10% surfactant and 0.1%～10% chelating agent.
7. enzyme preparation according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described surfactant is at least by a kind of composition the in the following nonionic surface active agent: ethoxylated dodecyl alcohol, cetanol polyoxyethylene ether.
8. enzyme preparation according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described chelating agent is the atactic polymer of acrylic acid, acrylate, maleic anhydride.
9. the preparation method of the bright retting usefulness of a ramie enzyme preparation is characterized in that, comprising:
It is in 30 ℃～50 ℃ the water that surfactant and chelating agent are added temperature, stirs, and dissolving obtains first mixed liquor after the cooling;
Alkaline pectase, neutral xylanase, dextranase, mannase are added respectively in first mixed liquor, obtain enzyme preparation.
10. preparation method according to claim 9, it is characterized in that the enzyme activity of various enzymes is in the described enzyme preparation: alkaline pectase 50U/mL～5000U/mL, neutral xylanase 500U/mL～2000U/mL, dextranase 4000U/mL～50000U/mL, mannase 600U/mL～50000U/mL.
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| CN115652643A (en) * | 2022-11-03 | 2023-01-31 | 湖南工程学院 | Ramie textile finishing agent, finishing method and application |
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