CN1624213A - Physical degumming method of ramie - Google Patents
Physical degumming method of ramie Download PDFInfo
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- CN1624213A CN1624213A CN 200410047033 CN200410047033A CN1624213A CN 1624213 A CN1624213 A CN 1624213A CN 200410047033 CN200410047033 CN 200410047033 CN 200410047033 A CN200410047033 A CN 200410047033A CN 1624213 A CN1624213 A CN 1624213A
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Abstract
This invention relates to a method of degumming Boehmeria nivea. The process is: fresh Boehmeria nivea (or commercial original Boehmeria nivea) ->immersion in warm water-> mechanical hemp knocking and washing ->boiling off in hyperthermia and heavy pressure (or immersion in warm water) -> mechanical hemp knocking and washing -> refined dry hemp. This method, assuming the characteristics of environmental protection, high efficiency and high qualities, greatly reduces the degumming cost, avoids the pollution of strong acid and strong base in waste solution to the environment, for this process makes use of existing machinery of degumming. Instead of using such chemical materials as strong acid and strong base, the method is high-temp high-pressure cooking, immersion in warm water, mechanical beating and washing for removing extraneous cells of Boehmeria nivea liber.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ramie physics Degumming method, belong to ramie preliminary working technical field.
Background technology
Ramee is distributed in the bast tissue of straw, and a large amount of phloem parenchyma cells and screen casing, companion cell etc. are distributing around the fibrocyte.The ramie raw ramie is except that cellulose, and the ramie raw ramie also contains pectin, the hydrotrope, hemicellulose, lignin and the cured matter etc. that quantity does not wait.Therefore, from the cytology angle, the ramie colloid is exactly the non-fibrocyte in the ramie phloem, analyzes from chemical constituent, and the ramie colloid is exactly the non-cellulose material in its bast fiber cell.The essence of China grass degumming is exactly to destroy and remove heteroproteose cells such as parenchyma cell in the bast, screen casing, companion cell, in other words, China grass degumming is exactly to remove accompaniments such as hemicellulose in the bast fiber cell, lignin, pectin, the hydrotrope, the process of the degummed ramie that acquisition can utilize for weaving.Both at home and abroad ramie degumming method mainly contains three kinds of chemical Degumming, microbial degumming and enzymatic degummings.
Ramie textile factory generally adopts chemical Degumming both at home and abroad, and its technological process is: soak fiber crops (emerge in worm water) → pickling (sulfuric acid immersion) → dress cage → NaOH kiering → washing for the first time → NaOH kiering → machinery second time to beat → bleach → pickling → washing → oil supply → fiber crops → oven dry → degummed ramie dewaters → trembles.Ramie chemical degumming technique biggest advantage is that efficient is higher, the degumming quality stable and uniform, and maximum shortcoming is that industrial chemicals consumptions such as strong acid, highly basic are big, and the cost that comes unstuck is higher, and the degumming waste water intractability is big, and environmental pollution is serious.
The essence of ramie microbial degumming is exactly " with the glue bacteria, produce enzyme, come unstuck with enzyme with bacterium ", can be divided into natural microbial and come unstuck and manually add bacterium and come unstuck two kinds.The ramie natural microbial comes unstuck, and have existed since ancient times, and the record in " pond of east gate, can retted fibre " is just arranged in China's " old wind of the Book of Songs ".The ramie natural microbial cost that comes unstuck is low, but the speed of coming unstuck is slow, and degumming quality is subjected to the influence of weather bigger, can't adapt to the requirement that modern industrialization is produced.
Modern ramie microbial degumming technology mainly is to utilize degumming strain artificially breeding, that enzymatic productivity is strong, enzymatic activity is higher, directly adds bacterium and comes unstuck, and perhaps making just, enzyme liquid (complex enzyme) comes unstuck.Hemp Inst., China Academy of Agricultural Sciences once selected 1 bacillus subtilis T66, worked out combined bacterial-chemical process for hemp degumming, promptly change twice kiering of alkali lye for add earlier bacterium come unstuck and alkali lye after kiering.The come unstuck consumption of industrial chemicals such as can reducing sulfuric acid, nitre alkali of ramie combined bacterial-chemical; reduce the cost that comes unstuck; alleviate environmental pollution; but because of bacterium is come unstuck not exclusively; still must carry out an alkali lye kiering; on the basis of ramie chemical degumming technique; a whole set of equipment such as the strain improvement that comes unstuck, preservation, purifying, enlarged culture have been increased; and because of reasons such as the bacterial classification enlarged culture cost height that comes unstuck, time length; be difficult to form large-scale production; this technology was once applied on Yuechang City, Guangdong Province, Yuanjiang City, Hunan Province and other places, the few application to the utmost during ramie textile is produced at present.
Hunan Normal University discloses a kind of cultural method (CN 85104285 A) of bacteria which produce ramie degumming enzyme, the industrial fermentation process (85104284) of enzyme for ramie degumming has been invented in Hunan Normal University and the cooperation of Yiyang Prefecture microorganism factory, Wuhan University discloses a kind of new basophilic Bacillus strain and the application in China grass degumming (CN 1177003A) thereof, the production of pectinase for degumming ramie and the application in china grass degumming process (CN 1366043A) thereof have been invented in Shandong University and the cooperation of Hunan Yuanjiang two ramie textile factories, and Hunan Yuanjiang two ramie textile factories apply now.The enzymatic productivity of bacterial classification is strong although existing part is come unstuck, the enzyme of hemicellulase and lignoenzyme is lived higher, directly adding bacterium comes unstuck, perhaps make first enzyme liquid (complex enzyme) and come unstuck, can disposablely finish and come unstuck, needn't carry out the chemical after-treatment reason that similar ramie combined bacterial-chemical comes unstuck after the fermentation, simplified degumming tech, have important production application and be worth, but these Degumming methods still must increase a whole set of equipment such as strain improvement, preservation, purifying and enlarged culture, the cost that comes unstuck is still higher.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the method that a kind of ramie physics comes unstuck, this method does not need industrial chemicals such as strong acid and strong base, environmental pollution can be alleviated significantly and the intractability of the waste liquid that comes unstuck, reduced the cost that comes unstuck of ramie, also reduce operations such as the strain improvement that comes unstuck, preservation, purifying and enlarged culture, reduced the energy consumption and the cost that come unstuck significantly.
The present invention according to ramie phloem parenchyma cell (heteroproteose cell) in the High Temperature High Pressure boiling, the effect of beaing of emerge in worm water and machinery down, the principle of breaking than the easier imbibition of bast fiber cell, do not using strong acid, under the situation of industrial chemicals such as highly basic, utilize the existing equipment of ramie chemical degumming technique, take machinery to beat and wash, high temperature and autoclaving, methods such as emerge in worm water, substitute the pickling in the ramie chemical degumming technique, soda boiling, technologies such as pickling, changing traditional chemical Degumming is that physics comes unstuck, the non-fibrocyte that is wrapped in the ramie phloem is all removed, making can be for the ramie degummed ramie of weaving utilization, both reduced the cost of China grass degumming, alleviated environmental pollution again significantly, particularly use the environmental protection fiber that the present invention produces, can be used for the exploitation of ramie ecological textile.Specific practice is as follows:
(1) technological process of bright retting: bright fiber crops → machinery strike fiber crops wash fiber crops → emerge in worm water → machinery strike fiber crops wash fiber crops → High Temperature High Pressure boiling or for the second time emerge in worm water → machinery strike fiber crops and wash fiber crops → post processing to degummed ramie.
For the first time machinery strikes and washes: will just scrape the bright fiber crops that make, and utilize the ramie stamping device to strike and wash, method is that the limit strikes that fiber crops, limit are taken the upper hand again, the limit is washed.
Emerge in worm water: will strike for the first time green retting after washing in the natural water of no chemical contamination, nature water is the water that rivers or lake, reservoir, pond, dykes and dams, irrigation canals and ditches etc. are located, the weight bath raio is 1: 15～30, under 20～35 ℃ of conditions of water temperature, and soak time 60～96h.
For the second time machinery strikes and washes: the bright fiber crops that emerge in worm water is good are taken out, and utilize the ramie stamping device to strike once more and wash, and method is that the limit strikes that fiber crops, limit are taken the upper hand again, the limit is washed.
High temperature and high pressure kiering: the bright fiber crops after for the second time machinery strike and wash, directly adorn cage by the known method of this area professional and technical personnel, under the condition of 0.2～0.3Mpa and 130～140 ℃, continuously cooking 3～5h.As adopt the method for emerge in worm water for the second time, and its soaking conditions is with emerge in worm water is identical for the first time, and soak time is 48～72 hours.
Machinery strikes and washes for the third time: take out through the High Temperature High Pressure boiling or the bright fiber crops of emerge in worm water for the second time, carry out for the third time machinery and strike and wash, method is that beat on the limit, take the upper hand again in the limit, the limit is washed.
The post processing of coming unstuck: after striking fiber crops, boiling (or emerge in worm water) and striking fiber crops, carry out oil supply, dehydration again, dry, shake up and processing such as arrangement, its processing method is with the ramie chemical Degumming.
(2) technological process of former retting: former (doing) fiber crops → emerge in worm water → machinery strikes fiber crops and washes fiber crops → emerge in worm water → machinery and strike fiber crops and wash fiber crops → oil supply → dewater → shake up → dry → degummed ramie.
Emerge in worm water for the first time: raw ramie is directly adorned cage, be immersed in the water that the rivers of taking from no chemical contamination or lake, reservoir, pond, dykes and dams, irrigation canals and ditches etc. locate, weight bath raio 1: 15～30, under 20～35 ℃ of conditions of water temperature, soak time 3～9 days.
For the first time machinery strikes and washes: the raw ramie that emerge in worm water is good takes out, and utilizes the ramie stamping device to strike and washes, and method is that the limit strikes that fiber crops, limit are taken the upper hand again, the limit is washed.
Emerge in worm water for the second time: will strike the raw ramie of washing and directly adorn cage with mechanical through emerge in worm water for the first time, be immersed in the natural water of no chemical contamination, nature water is the water that rivers or lake, reservoir, pond, dykes and dams, irrigation canals and ditches etc. are located, weight bath raio 1: 15～30, under 20～35 ℃ of conditions of water temperature, soak time 60～96h.
For the second time machinery strikes and washes: will take out through the raw ramie of emerge in worm water once more, and carry out machinery and strike and wash, method is that beat on the limit, take the upper hand again in the limit, the limit is washed.
The post processing of coming unstuck: after striking fiber crops, boiling or emerge in worm water and striking fiber crops, carry out oil supply, dehydration, dry, shake up and processing such as arrangement, processing method is identical with the ramie chemical Degumming method.
The present invention and existing ramie chemical Degumming technology are relatively, strike fiber crops with machinery and wash that fiber crops, High Temperature High Pressure are boiled, emerge in worm water has substituted sulfuric acid and soaked fiber crops, nitre alkaline scouring and sulfuric acid neutralization, coming unstuck only has biological residue in the waste liquid, alleviate the intractability of the environmental pollution and the waste liquid that comes unstuck significantly, reduced the cost that comes unstuck of ramie; With the comparison of coming unstuck of ramie natural microbial, changing with normal temperature natural water retted fibre is that emerge in worm water, machinery strike fiber crops, High Temperature High Pressure boiling, has improved the speed of coming unstuck and has come unstuck the uniformity, can satisfy the industrial needs of ramie modern textile; Compare with the modern microbial degumming technology of ramie, change and manually add bacterium (or crude enzyme liquid) and come unstuck and boil and machinery strikes fiber crops for emerge in worm water, High Temperature High Pressure, must not carry out the chemical after-treatment reason, reduce operations such as the strain improvement that comes unstuck, preservation, purifying and enlarged culture, reduced the energy consumption and the cost that come unstuck significantly.
The specific embodiment
The example that below provides is that the present invention is further illustrated, does not comprise all modes of summary of the invention.
[example 1] will just scrape " No. three, the Hunan ramie " that make bright fiber crops, beat by hand clean with clear water after, be soaked in the pond, the pond water of no chemical contamination is taken from the water source, water temperature is that 32～35 ℃, pH are 7.0, bath raio is 1: 20, soak time is 3 days; Taking-up is through the bright fiber crops of emerge in worm water, after carrying out craft and striking fiber crops and rinsing, utilizes TMQ.J-2540 type medical sterilization pot, high pressure (0.2～0.3Mpa) and high temperature (130～140 ℃) condition under, take out behind the continuous scouring 4h, beat and the clear water rinsing post processing of coming unstuck by hand once more.After measured, average fiber separating degree 95.5%, average residual gum content 9.7%.
[example 2] will scrape the bright fiber crops of " Tril " kind that makes, carrying out machinery earlier beats and the clear water rinsing, be soaked in the pond, the pond water of no chemical contamination is taken from the water source, and water temperature is that 32～35 ℃, pH are 7.0, the weight bath raio is 1: 20, soak time is 3 days, machinery beats and washes once more, again high pressure (0.2～0.3Mpa) and high temperature (130～140 ℃) condition under, take out behind the continuous scouring 3h, machinery beats and the clear water rinsing once more, the post processing of coming unstuck then.After testing, fibre separation index 99.5%, residual gum content 3.9%.
[example 3] is soaked in the raw ramie of " No. three, Hunan ramie " kind (commodity are done fiber crops) in the pond, and the river of no chemical contamination is taken from the water source, and immersion is 6 days under 32～35 ℃, pH7.0,1: 20 condition of bath raio; The ramie of taking-up through soaking after manually beaing and washing, carries out the emerge in worm water second time, the river of no chemical contamination is taken from the water source, soaked 32～35 ℃ of water temperatures, pH7.0, bath raio 1: 20, soak time is 3 days, take out once more carry out that craft is beaten, clear water rinsing and the post processing of coming unstuck.After testing, average fiber separating degree 91.7%, average residual gum content 9.7%.
[example 4] is soaked in the raw ramie of " No. three, Hunan ramie " kind in the pond, the pond of no chemical contamination is taken from the water source, 32～35 ℃, pH7.0,1: 20 pool water logging bubble fermentation of weight bath raio 9 days, taking out back machinery beats and the clear water rinsing, carry out the emerge in worm water second time then, the pond of no chemical contamination is taken from the water source, soaks water temperature and be 32～35 ℃, pH and be 7.0, bath raio is 1: 20, soak time is 3 days, take out once more carry out that machinery beats, the clear water rinsing with come unstuck post processing.After testing, average fiber separating degree 98.3%, average residual gum content 4.1%.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of ramie physics Degumming method is characterized in that: under the condition of not using industrial chemicals such as strong acid and highly basic, bright fiber crops or raw ramie strike fiber crops through emerge in worm water, High Temperature High Pressure kiering, machinery and wash numb program and come unstuck.
2, ramie physics Degumming method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: bright retting technology is: bright fiber crops, machinery strike fiber crops and wash fiber crops, emerge in worm water, machinery and strike that fiber crops are washed fiber crops, High Temperature High Pressure kiering or emerge in worm water, machinery strike fiber crops and washes fiber crops, post processing to degummed ramie for the second time.
3, ramie physics Degumming method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the raw ramie degumming tech is: commodity raw ramie, emerge in worm water, machinery strike fiber crops and wash fiber crops, emerge in worm water, machinery and strike fiber crops and wash fiber crops, post processing to degummed ramie.
4, ramie physics Degumming method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described emerge in worm water, the natural water of no chemical contamination is taken from the water source, soaking water temperature is 20～35 ℃, the weight bath raio is 1: 15～30, bright numb soak time is 60～96h, and raw ramie soak time for the first time is 3～9 days, and raw ramie soak time for the second time is 60～96h.
5, ramie physics Degumming method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the numb High Temperature High Pressure kiering of described aquatic foods, and kiering pressure is 0.2～0.3Mpa, and the kiering temperature is 130～140 ℃, and the kiering time is 3～5h.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200410047033 CN1624213A (en) | 2004-12-10 | 2004-12-10 | Physical degumming method of ramie |
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| CN 200410047033 CN1624213A (en) | 2004-12-10 | 2004-12-10 | Physical degumming method of ramie |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101250757B (en) * | 2008-01-23 | 2010-06-02 | 南漳地利银花麻业有限公司 | Technique for ramie degumming |
| CN102191566A (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2011-09-21 | 上海康地恩生物科技有限公司 | Enzyme preparation for degumming fresh ramie and preparation method thereof and method for degumming fresh ramie |
| CN102776577A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-11-14 | 华中科技大学 | Preprocessing methods for degummed ramie production |
| CN102888372A (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2013-01-23 | 贾平 | Bacillus and method for preparing textile fiber using same |
| CN101851788B (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2013-02-06 | 汉麻产业投资控股有限公司 | Degumming method and device for bast fibers |
| CN104313703A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-01-28 | 大连工业大学 | Ionic liquid-based ramie degumming pretreatment method |
| CN106637425A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-05-10 | 武汉纺织大学 | Ramie stamping and splitting water washing technology |
| CN109089458A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-12-28 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of ramee variety raw ramie heavy metal method of removal heavy-metal contaminated soil plantation |
| CN110027357A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2019-07-19 | 王少农 | The process of drawing carrier material is made in a kind of ramie fabric |
| CN110359141A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-10-22 | 湖南华升株洲雪松有限公司 | Ramie raw ramie spinning and preparation method thereof |
| CN112267153A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-01-26 | 蒲先军 | Degumming method for ramie |
-
2004
- 2004-12-10 CN CN 200410047033 patent/CN1624213A/en active Pending
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101250757B (en) * | 2008-01-23 | 2010-06-02 | 南漳地利银花麻业有限公司 | Technique for ramie degumming |
| CN101851788B (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2013-02-06 | 汉麻产业投资控股有限公司 | Degumming method and device for bast fibers |
| CN102191566B (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2015-11-25 | 上海康地恩生物科技有限公司 | The method of a kind of ramie fresh retting enzyme preparation and preparation method thereof and the fresh retting of ramie |
| CN102191566A (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2011-09-21 | 上海康地恩生物科技有限公司 | Enzyme preparation for degumming fresh ramie and preparation method thereof and method for degumming fresh ramie |
| CN102776577A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-11-14 | 华中科技大学 | Preprocessing methods for degummed ramie production |
| CN102888372A (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2013-01-23 | 贾平 | Bacillus and method for preparing textile fiber using same |
| CN104313703A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-01-28 | 大连工业大学 | Ionic liquid-based ramie degumming pretreatment method |
| CN106637425A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-05-10 | 武汉纺织大学 | Ramie stamping and splitting water washing technology |
| CN106637425B (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2018-05-29 | 武汉纺织大学 | Ramie strikes the fine washing process of fiber crops point |
| CN110027357A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2019-07-19 | 王少农 | The process of drawing carrier material is made in a kind of ramie fabric |
| CN109089458A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-12-28 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of ramee variety raw ramie heavy metal method of removal heavy-metal contaminated soil plantation |
| CN110359141A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-10-22 | 湖南华升株洲雪松有限公司 | Ramie raw ramie spinning and preparation method thereof |
| CN112267153A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-01-26 | 蒲先军 | Degumming method for ramie |
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