CN102183026A - Device and method for removing heavy metal Pb from fly ash generated in sludge incineration - Google Patents
Device and method for removing heavy metal Pb from fly ash generated in sludge incineration Download PDFInfo
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- CN102183026A CN102183026A CN 201110043402 CN201110043402A CN102183026A CN 102183026 A CN102183026 A CN 102183026A CN 201110043402 CN201110043402 CN 201110043402 CN 201110043402 A CN201110043402 A CN 201110043402A CN 102183026 A CN102183026 A CN 102183026A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and method for removing heavy metal Pb from fly ash generated in sludge incineration. In the device, a high-temperature atmosphere tubular electric furnace is adopted as the main body, the front end of the tubular furnace is connected with an air supply unit, the rear end of the tubular furnace is connected with a tail gas absorber; the high-temperature tubular furnace is provided with an artificially intelligent temperature adjustment system, and the adjustable range of temperature is from 0 to 1600 DEG C; and in the device, a porcelain boat carrying the fly ash generated in sludge incineration is slowly pushed into a hearth, and simultaneously, carrier gas is adjusted to a preset flow, a furnace door is closed and an air extracting pump is started, therefore, the fly ash stays for 40 to 60 minutes in the condition; and in the condition, the removing rate of Pb in the flay ash generated in sludge incineration reaches 95-99 percent. The device disclosed by the invention has a simple process flow, is easy to operate, generates a small amount of flue gas, and does not cause secondary pollution; and the device can also be used for recovering Pb and gas metal Pb in waste batteries, waste circuit boards and leftovers thereof, and electronic parts containing metal Pb.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of environment engineering technology.What be specifically related to heavy metal Pb in a kind of sludge incineration flying dust removes device and removal methods thereof.
Background technology
Solid waste incineration is handled and is realized the minimizing of mud, innoxious, resource to greatest extent, and can reduce the land occupation resource and recycle heat energy, compares with other methods of disposal to have remarkable advantages.Generally employing and popularization along with municipal sludge burning mode cause flying ash to produce in a large number.Contain high heavy metal, salt and highly toxic bioxin, the furans harmful substances such as (PCDD/Fs) that leaches concentration in the flying dust, if do not deal carefully with or dispose, heavy metal and harmful substance will be moved in ecological environment, polluted underground water, soil and air, final harm humans health.At present, sludge incineration flying dust method for innocent treatment is mainly contained following 4 kinds both at home and abroad: melting and solidification/vitrifying; Cement solidification; The chemical agent stabilisation; Acid or other solvent extraction methodes.These are through the flying dust of innoxious technical finesse, from the long-term security consideration of environment, and still can be to the potential harm of environment structure.
At present, be usually used in removing mostly the method for heavy metal Pb is physical-chemical process in the flying dust, promptly flying dust through washing after, remove salinities such as sodium a large amount of in the flying dust, potassium and calcium, reduce the alkalescence of flying dust, with acid or alkali heavy metal in the flying dust is extracted then.But also there are a lot of problems in this method, must carry out the strictness processing as waste water and the spent acid alkali lye that produces in the leaching process.Therefore have long flow path, investment and operating cost height, easily produce shortcomings such as serious secondary pollution, comprehensive benefit be low.Therefore, on the research basis that high-temperature fusion is solidified, utilize " reverse " facture, promptly in high-temperature heat treatment process, in conjunction with the boiling point control furnace temperature of heavy metal in the flying dust, and in the presence of chlorinating agent, heavy metal Pb is volatilized in heating process to greatest extent and reclaim, this has not only solved the innoxious problem of flying dust, and has reclaimed useful heavy metal Pb resource.
Summary of the invention
For solving the deficiency that removes heavy metal Pb in the above flying dust, it is simple to the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of technology, easy to operate, and heavy metal Pb removes device and removal methods in a kind of sludge incineration flying dust that reduces cost.By the sludge incineration flying dust after this technical finesse, can obviously reduce the Volatile Elements Pb in the flying dust, thereby reduce the toxicity of sludge incineration flying dust, so that handling, dispose next step of flying dust.
The apparatus main body that removes of heavy metal Pb adopts the high-temperature atmosphere electric tube furnace in a kind of sludge incineration flying dust provided by the invention, the burner hearth material adopts polycrystalline not come the agent of fiber vacuum suction to make, in the high-temperature atmosphere electric tube furnace alundum tube is installed, the alundum tube two ends are connecting duct respectively, catheter proximal end connects feeder, the rear end connects device for absorbing tail gas, all is tightly connected between each device; The high-temperature atmosphere electric tube furnace also connects temperature controller, and the temperature regulating range of temperature controller is 0～1600 ℃; Device for absorbing tail gas is at least two continuous absorption bottles, and the conduit that above-mentioned absorption bottle connects also connects aspiration pump.
Above-mentioned absorption bottle is placed in the ice groove, and absorption liquid is arranged in the absorption bottle, and absorption liquid is mass percent 5%～10%HNO
3The main purpose of absorption liquid is to absorb the tail gas that produces in the flying dust pyroprocess, and tail gas satisfies atmosphere pollutants emission standards.
Above-mentioned feeder is the steel cylinder that protection gas is housed, adjustable in pressure, and protection gas is inert gas, feeder is blown into carrier gas with the speed of 100mL/min, to take the dusty gas that evaporates out of from flying dust.
Above-mentioned device for absorbing tail gas also connects the filtered through silica gel device behind absorption bottle.
Above-mentioned conduit is the connection traffic meter also.
The present invention also provides a kind of removal methods that removes device of using heavy metal Pb in the described sludge incineration flying dust, comprise the steps: flying dust dry 24h under 105 ℃, mass ratio in chlorine in flying dust and the chlorinating agent is the ratio interpolation chlorinating agent of 100:5～15 then, mix, when high-temperature atmosphere electric tube furnace burner hearth reaches 1000～1300 ℃ of preset temperatures, the porcelain boat that is loaded with 20～50g sludge incineration flying dust is slowly pushed burner hearth, simultaneously carrier gas is transferred to and set flow and close fire door and start aspiration pump, make the flying dust time of staying 40～60min with this understanding.
The chlorinating agent of above-mentioned interpolation is to be NaCl, AlCl
3, CaCl
2Wherein a kind of adds the Mass Calculation of the amount of chlorinating agent according to chlorine in the conversion afterchlorinate thing.
In the above conditions, the removal efficiency of Pb can reach 95%～99% in the sludge incineration flying dust, and the leaching content of Pb is lower than hazardous waste leaching standard (GB5085-1996) in the flying dust.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, simple, easy to operate, little, the non-secondary pollution of generation exhaust gas volumn of technological process.
2, the sludge incineration flying dust is after high-temperature process, and the metal that obtains can be used as metallurgical material or with its rich oreization, with smelting to be advanced, realized the recycling of refuse, has also alleviated the burden of landfill yard simultaneously.
3, this device can reclaim old and useless battery, waste and old circuit board and leftover pieces thereof and contain Pb and gas metal Pb in the electronic unit of metal Pb.
By heavy metal Pb content in the sludge incineration flying dust after this technical finesse tangible reduction is arranged, and the residue leachate Pb content behind the flying dust high temperature removal is lower than the GB5085-1996 limit value, is convenient to the processing in a step behind the flying dust after the disposal.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the device schematic diagram that high temperature process furnances of the present invention is removed Pb in the flying dust.
Wherein: 1. carrier gas; 2. high-temperature atmosphere electric tube furnace; 3. alundum tube; 4. temperature controller; 5. porcelain boat; 6. ice groove;
7. conduit; 8. absorption liquid; 9. silica gel; 10. aspiration pump; 11. flowmeter.
The specific embodiment
(1) raw material of the present invention
The sludge incineration flying dust is the flying dust on certain dewatered sludge incineration plant bag-type dust, and it is Powdered that flying dust is lead, and oven dry back color is thin out, and moisture content is 0.97%-2.54%.Adopt Xray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF) to adopt normalization method that flying dust main chemical compositions measurement result is seen Table 1.
(2) technological process of the present invention and embodiment
Fig. 1 is a device schematic diagram of the present invention, in the implementation process of reality, can suitably adjust according to the variation of flyash ingredient.
Embodiment 1
With 20g flying dust dry 24h under 105 ℃, be that 100:5 interpolation 1.65g chlorinating agent NaCl mixes according to flying dust and equivalent chlorinating agent mass ratio then, when high-temperature atmosphere electric tube furnace burner hearth reaches 1000 ℃ of preset temperatures, the porcelain boat that is loaded with 20g sludge incineration flying dust is slowly pushed burner hearth, simultaneously carrier gas is transferred to and set flow 100mL/min and close fire door and start aspiration pump, make flying dust time of staying 40min with this understanding.Under this condition in the flying dust removal efficiency of Pb be 95.4%, the leachate content of handling Pb in the remaining flying dust in back is lower than the standard value (GB5085-1996) that hazardous waste leachate toxicity is differentiated Pb.
Embodiment 2
With 20g flying dust dry 24h under 105 ℃, be that 100:5 interpolation 1.65g chlorinating agent NaCl mixes according to flying dust and equivalent chlorinating agent mass ratio then, when high-temperature atmosphere electric tube furnace burner hearth reaches 1300 ℃ of preset temperatures, the porcelain boat that is loaded with 20g sludge incineration flying dust is slowly pushed burner hearth, simultaneously carrier gas is transferred to and set flow 100mL/min and close fire door and start aspiration pump, make flying dust time of staying 60min with this understanding.Under this condition in the flying dust removal efficiency of Pb be 98.6%, the leachate content of handling Pb in the remaining flying dust in back is lower than the standard value (GB5085-1996) that hazardous waste leachate toxicity is differentiated Pb.
With 50g flying dust dry 24h under 105 ℃, be that 100:10 adds 7.82g chlorinating agent CaCl according to flying dust and equivalent chlorinating agent mass ratio then
2Mix, when high-temperature atmosphere electric tube furnace burner hearth reaches 1000 ℃ of preset temperatures, the porcelain boat that is loaded with 50g sludge incineration flying dust is slowly pushed burner hearth, simultaneously carrier gas is transferred to and set flow 100mL/min and close fire door and start aspiration pump, make flying dust time of staying 40min with this understanding.Under this condition in the flying dust removal efficiency of Pb be 95.1%, the leachate content of handling Pb in the remaining flying dust in back is lower than the standard value (GB5085-1996) that hazardous waste leachate toxicity is differentiated Pb.
With 50g flying dust dry 24h under 105 ℃, be that 100:10 adds 7.82g chlorinating agent CaCl according to flying dust and equivalent chlorinating agent mass ratio then
2Mix, when high-temperature atmosphere electric tube furnace burner hearth reaches 1300 ℃ of preset temperatures, the porcelain boat that is loaded with 50g sludge incineration flying dust is slowly pushed burner hearth, simultaneously carrier gas is transferred to and set flow 100mL/min and close fire door and start aspiration pump, make flying dust time of staying 60min with this understanding.Under this condition in the flying dust removal efficiency of Pb be 98.3%, the leachate content of handling Pb in the remaining flying dust in back is lower than the standard value (GB5085-1996) that hazardous waste leachate toxicity is differentiated Pb.
With 50g flying dust dry 24h under 105 ℃, be that 100:15 adds 9.40g chlorinating agent AlCl according to flying dust and equivalent chlorinating agent mass ratio then
3Mix, when high-temperature atmosphere electric tube furnace burner hearth reaches 1000 ℃ of preset temperatures, the porcelain boat that is loaded with 50g sludge incineration flying dust is slowly pushed burner hearth, simultaneously carrier gas is transferred to and set flow 100mL/min and close fire door and start aspiration pump, make flying dust time of staying 40min with this understanding.Under this condition in the flying dust removal efficiency of Pb be 96.9%, the leachate content of handling Pb in the remaining flying dust in back is lower than the standard value (GB5085-1996) that hazardous waste leachate toxicity is differentiated Pb.
With 50g flying dust dry 24h under 105 ℃, be that 100:15 adds 9.40g chlorinating agent AlCl according to flying dust and equivalent chlorinating agent mass ratio then
3Mix, when high-temperature atmosphere electric tube furnace burner hearth reaches 1300 ℃ of preset temperatures, the porcelain boat that is loaded with 50g sludge incineration flying dust is slowly pushed burner hearth, simultaneously carrier gas is transferred to and set flow 100mL/min and close fire door and start aspiration pump, make flying dust time of staying 60min with this understanding.Under this condition in the flying dust removal efficiency of Pb be 99%, the leachate content of handling Pb in the remaining flying dust in back is lower than the standard value (GB5085-1996) that hazardous waste leachate toxicity is differentiated Pb.
Claims (7)
- In the sludge incineration flying dust heavy metal Pb remove device, it is characterized in that: this apparatus main body adopts the high-temperature atmosphere electric tube furnace, in the high-temperature atmosphere electric tube furnace alundum tube is installed, the alundum tube two ends are connecting duct respectively, catheter proximal end connects feeder, the rear end connects device for absorbing tail gas, all is tightly connected between each device; The high-temperature atmosphere electric tube furnace also connects temperature controller, and the temperature regulating range of temperature controller is 0～1600 ℃; Device for absorbing tail gas is at least two continuous absorption bottles, and above-mentioned absorption bottle also connects aspiration pump.
- 2. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: above-mentioned absorption bottle is placed in the ice groove, and absorption liquid is arranged in the absorption bottle, and absorption liquid is mass percent 5%～10%HNO 3
- 3. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: above-mentioned feeder is the steel cylinder that protection gas is housed, adjustable in pressure, and protection gas is inert gas, feeder is blown into carrier gas with the speed of 100mL/min.
- 4. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: above-mentioned device for absorbing tail gas also connects the filtered through silica gel device behind absorption bottle.
- 5. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: above-mentioned conduit is the connection traffic meter also.
- 6. removal methods that removes device of using heavy metal Pb in the described sludge incineration flying dust of claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: with flying dust dry 24h under 105 ℃, mass ratio in chlorine in flying dust and the chlorinating agent is the ratio interpolation chlorinating agent of 100:5～15 then, mix, when high-temperature atmosphere electric tube furnace burner hearth reaches 1000～1300 ℃ of preset temperatures, the porcelain boat that is loaded with 20～50g sludge incineration flying dust is slowly pushed burner hearth, simultaneously carrier gas is transferred to and set flow and close fire door and start aspiration pump, make the flying dust time of staying 40～60min with this understanding.
- 7. the removal methods of heavy metal Pb in the sludge incineration flying dust according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the chlorinating agent of above-mentioned interpolation is to be NaCl, AlCl 3, CaCl 2Wherein a kind of adds the Mass Calculation of the amount of chlorinating agent according to chlorine in the conversion afterchlorinate thing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110043402 CN102183026A (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2011-02-23 | Device and method for removing heavy metal Pb from fly ash generated in sludge incineration |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110043402 CN102183026A (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2011-02-23 | Device and method for removing heavy metal Pb from fly ash generated in sludge incineration |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102618725A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-08-01 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Method for extracting amphoteric heavy metal by adopting incineration fly ash as low-grade heavy metal |
| CN103755113A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-04-30 | 厦门添福运环保科技股份有限公司 | Method for adsorption, immobilization and separation of sludge heavy metal ions |
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| JP2006297331A (en) * | 2005-04-22 | 2006-11-02 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | Production method and apparatus of granulation particle |
| CN101028629A (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2007-09-05 | 清华大学 | Method and system for treating refuse incinerating flyash |
| CN101255991A (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2008-09-03 | 光大环保工程技术(深圳)有限公司 | System and method for innocent treatment of garbage flying ash |
| EP2228146A1 (en) * | 2009-03-13 | 2010-09-15 | Kalogeo Anlagenbau GmbH | Thermal conditioning of ash |
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2011
- 2011-02-23 CN CN 201110043402 patent/CN102183026A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006297331A (en) * | 2005-04-22 | 2006-11-02 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | Production method and apparatus of granulation particle |
| CN101028629A (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2007-09-05 | 清华大学 | Method and system for treating refuse incinerating flyash |
| CN101255991A (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2008-09-03 | 光大环保工程技术(深圳)有限公司 | System and method for innocent treatment of garbage flying ash |
| EP2228146A1 (en) * | 2009-03-13 | 2010-09-15 | Kalogeo Anlagenbau GmbH | Thermal conditioning of ash |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 《太原理工大学学报》 20100930 段钰锋等 《煤热解过程中汞析出与汞吸附特性研究》 620页，图1 1-7 第41卷, 第5期 * |
| 《高等学校化学学报》 20100831 刘敬勇等 《污泥焚烧中铅的形态转化及脱除的热力学平衡研究》 第1608页第2段和第3段 6-7 第31卷, 第8期 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102618725A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-08-01 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Method for extracting amphoteric heavy metal by adopting incineration fly ash as low-grade heavy metal |
| CN103755113A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-04-30 | 厦门添福运环保科技股份有限公司 | Method for adsorption, immobilization and separation of sludge heavy metal ions |
| CN103755113B (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2015-11-04 | 厦门添福运环保科技股份有限公司 | Sludge heavy-metal ionic adsorption is solid from method |
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Application publication date: 20110914 |