CN102181595A - Cooling method and system of high-temperature directly reduced iron - Google Patents
Cooling method and system of high-temperature directly reduced iron Download PDFInfo
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- CN102181595A CN102181595A CN 201110125785 CN201110125785A CN102181595A CN 102181595 A CN102181595 A CN 102181595A CN 201110125785 CN201110125785 CN 201110125785 CN 201110125785 A CN201110125785 A CN 201110125785A CN 102181595 A CN102181595 A CN 102181595A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cooling method and a system of high-temperature directly reduced iron. Under the protection of protective gas, firstly, water mist is directly sprayed to the high-temperature directly reduced iron so that the high-temperature directly reduced iron cools over 620 DEG C, and then water is sprayed or fed to the outer wall of the vessel of the directly reduced iron for cooling purpose, thus indirectly cooling the directly reduced iron. By analyzing the chemical reaction property of iron and steam, the method concludes that the iron above 620 DEG C does not react with steam. Therefore, the method can realize rapid cooling effect by first directly cooling the high-temperature directly reduced iron, and also avoid oxidation of iron by water. Then, the directly reduced iron is cooled to required temperature by a regular indirect cooling method. At the time, yet without direct contact of water with directly reduced iron, the oxidation of iron by water is avoided. The whole cooling process proceeds under the protection of protective gas, thus preventing iron from being oxidized by air. Compared with the method of totally indirect cooling, the method of first direct cooling and second indirect cooling is higher in cooling efficiency, and can also prevent iron from being oxidized for a second time or balls from bursting.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of ferrous metallurgy, be specifically related to a kind of method of cooling and system of high temperature direct-reduced iron.
Background technology
Iron and steel enterprise's dirt mud handled by rotary hearth furnace and direct-reduced iron ore technology mainly contains the common fastmelt technology of developing of Kobe Steel and U.S. Midland company of Japan and the Inmetco technology of International Nickel company of Canada Ltd.'s exploitation.Their technical process is similar, at first raw material is comprised that Steel Plant's dust or fine ore, coal dust, binding agent etc. are by the mixing machine mixing, adopt pelletizer to make ball then and green-ball is carried out drying and forewarm, then enter rotary hearth furnace and at high temperature carry out reduction reaction, ferric oxide pellet is reduced into the direct-reduced iron pelletizing; The direct-reduced iron pelletizing temperature of coming out from rotary hearth furnace is generally all than higher, at 1000 ℃～1100 ℃, need cool off by cooling protection system and obtains product as the blast furnace feeding raw material.
This cooling protection system has two kinds of patterns at present: a kind of is directly the pyritous pelletizing to be put in the water to cool off; Another is to protect by feed protective gas in cooling cylinder, cools off indirectly at cylinder body outer wall water spray or water flowing simultaneously.The cooling of these two kinds of patterns all has its shortcoming: though preceding a kind of cooling mode speed of cooling is fast, the pyritous pelletizing directly enters in the pond, is easy to produce explosion, thereby makes pelletizing not satisfy the requirement as the blast furnace feeding raw material; In addition, iron is also many by the amount of the Z 250 that the water oxidation generates, thereby has reduced the ferrous metal rate of pelletizing product, and the energy that makes oxidized iron be heated reduction consumption in rotary hearth furnace has been wasted in vain; Though a kind of cooling mode in back can not produce oxidation to pelletizing; but because it is to adopt the logical nitrogen protection in the inside; outside refrigerative pattern; the heat of pelletizing will pass through gas transfer; and the gas heat-transfer effect is not fine, so in order to reach required cooling temperature, must increase the length of cooling apparatus; this just makes that the cost of investment of cooling system is higher, and the consumption of shielding gas and water coolant also therefore can be bigger simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of high temperature direct-reduced iron method of cooling and system, the cooling down high-temperature direct-reduced iron can not make pelletizing cracked again fast, and simultaneously iron substantially can oxidation yet, and the system device scale is less, reduces the production run cost.
The invention discloses a kind of high temperature direct-reduced iron method of cooling; under the protection of protective gas; earlier the direct atomized water spray of high temperature direct-reduced iron is cooled to more than 620 ℃, again the container outer wall water spray or the water flowing of direct-reduced iron is cooled off, thereby cool off direct-reduced iron indirectly.
Further,, also the container outer wall water spray or the water flowing of direct-reduced iron are cooled off, thereby cool off direct-reduced iron indirectly the direct atomized water spray refrigerative while of high temperature direct-reduced iron described;
Further, described protective gas is a rare gas element;
Further, described direct-reduced iron is the direct-reduced iron pelletizing, and the container of described direct-reduced iron is a cooling cylinder.
The invention also discloses a kind of system that realizes above-mentioned high temperature direct-reduced iron method of cooling; comprise the cooling cylinder that has mounted angle; the high-end of described cooling cylinder is feed end; low side is a discharge end; the cylindrical shell of cooling cylinder is communicated with the protective gas pipe; the cylindrical shell of described cooling cylinder is divided into two sections; one section near feed end is high temperature section; one section near discharge end is low-temperature zone; be provided with water fog applicator and tube intravital direct-reduced iron pelletizing temperature 〉=620 ℃ in the cylindrical shell of high temperature section, the cylindrical shell of low-temperature zone is provided with outward cylinder body outer wall water spray refrigerative spray header.
Further, the cylindrical shell of described high temperature section also is provided with outward cylinder body outer wall water spray refrigerative spray header;
Further, also comprise the protective gas circulation device, described protective gas circulation device comprises condenser, protective gas hold-up vessel and the blower fan that is communicated with successively, described blower fan outlet is communicated with the protective gas pipe, described protective gas pipe is communicated with the discharge end of cooling cylinder, and the feed end of described cooling cylinder is communicated with chute, and chute is provided with opening, opening part is provided with baffle plate, and the opening on the described chute is communicated with condenser;
Further, described condenser comprises housing and is arranged at the intravital condensate pipe of shell that housing bottom is communicated with water shoot by valve;
Further, comprise also being arranged at the water collecting basin that the cooling cylinder below is used to collect the surplus water of cylinder body outer wall that described water collecting basin is communicated with spray header and water fog applicator respectively by recycle pump;
Further, described cooling cylinder is horizontal layout, and cylindrical shell is supported by backing ring and barrel support wheel, and cylindrical shell can rotate under the driving of transmission system.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention analyzes by the chemical reaction character to iron and water vapour, draw that iron and water vapour can not react more than 620 ℃, thereby earlier the high temperature direct-reduced iron is directly cooled off (can be aided with indirect cooling simultaneously), utilize the direct contact heat-exchanging of direct-reduced iron and water, vaporization evaporation heat absorption by water, thereby take away a large amount of heats, realize cooling fast, the temperature of controlling this stage direct-reduced iron is in that (this stage is when finishing more than 620 ℃, optimum temps is 630 ℃ ~ 620 ℃), just both can realize quick refrigerative effect, and also avoid iron by the water oxidation; And then the indirect type of cooling routinely is cooled to temperature required (general requirement is 300 ℃ ~ 250 ℃), and directly do not contact water with direct-reduced iron this moment, avoided iron by the water oxidation; Whole process of cooling is to carry out under the protection of protective gas, to prevent the iron oxidation by air.With respect to the indirect refrigerative mode of whole process, directly the indirect again refrigerative mode cooling efficiency of cooling is higher earlier, and can avoid iron to again be oxidized or the pelletizing explosion;
2, because direct atomized water spray cooling is compared with indirect cooling, and cooling performance is better, the water consumption that cooling needs will reduce much than the water consumption that the indirect type of cooling needs; Because the speed of cooling ratio is very fast, and the cooling cylinder body length shortens, the protective gas that needs also can be less relatively simultaneously; Therefore, the construction of whole cooling system and running cost are lower than the indirect type of cooling;
3, the water coolant of Shi Yonging is back to the water collecting basin below the cooling cylinder, recycles by pump, has saved the magnitude of recruitment of water coolant;
4, the present invention reclaims protective gas by circulation device, has reduced the consumption of rare protective gas, has further reduced system operation cost.
Description of drawings
In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of high temperature direct-reduced iron cooling system of the present invention.
Embodiment
Hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
High temperature direct-reduced iron method of cooling of the present invention under the protection of protective gas, is cooled to more than 620 ℃ the direct atomized water spray of high temperature direct-reduced iron earlier, the container outer wall water spray or the water flowing of direct-reduced iron is cooled off again, thereby cools off direct-reduced iron indirectly.Chemical thermodynamics according to iron and steam reaction knows that when temperature was higher than 620 ℃, the Gibbs free energy of iron and water reaction (generate Z 250 and hydrogen or generate iron protoxide and hydrogen) was greater than 0, so can not react; Therefore, earlier the high temperature direct-reduced iron is directly cooled off, utilize the direct contact heat-exchanging of direct-reduced iron and water, realize cooling fast, the temperature of controlling this stage direct-reduced iron is in that (this stage is when finishing more than 620 ℃, optimum temps is 630 ℃ ~ 620 ℃), just both can realize quick refrigerative effect, also avoid iron by the water oxidation; And then the indirect type of cooling routinely is cooled to temperature required (general requirement is 300 ℃ ~ 250 ℃), and directly do not contact water with direct-reduced iron this moment, avoided iron by the water oxidation; Whole process of cooling is to carry out under the protection of protective gas, to prevent the iron oxidation by air.With respect to the indirect refrigerative mode of whole process, directly the indirect again refrigerative mode cooling efficiency of cooling is higher earlier, and can guarantee that iron can not again be oxidized.
In the aforesaid method, to the direct atomized water spray refrigerative while of high temperature direct-reduced iron, also the container outer wall water spray or the water flowing of direct-reduced iron are cooled off, thereby cool off direct-reduced iron indirectly described; Directly refrigerative is aided with indirect cooling simultaneously, can further improve cooling efficiency.
In the aforesaid method, described protective gas is a rare gas element, as nitrogen etc.
In the aforesaid method, described direct-reduced iron is the direct-reduced iron pelletizing, and the container of described direct-reduced iron is a cooling cylinder; Certainly, method of the present invention is not limited to be used to cool off the direct-reduced iron pelletizing, and the present invention also is applicable to the situation that other needs the cooling down high-temperature direct-reduced iron.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of high temperature direct-reduced iron cooling system of the present invention; as shown in the figure; the system of the above-mentioned high temperature direct-reduced iron of realization of the present invention method of cooling; comprise the cooling cylinder 1 that has mounted angle; the high-end of described cooling cylinder 1 is feed end 1a; low side is discharge end 1b; the cylindrical shell of cooling cylinder 1 is communicated with protective gas pipe 2; the cylindrical shell of described cooling cylinder 1 is divided into two sections; one section near feed end 1a is high temperature section 1c; one section near discharge end 1b is low-temperature zone 1d; be provided with water fog applicator 3 and tube intravital direct-reduced iron pelletizing temperature 〉=620 ℃ in the cylindrical shell of high temperature section 1c, the cylindrical shell of low-temperature zone 1d is provided with outward cylinder body outer wall water spray refrigerative spray header 4.
As further improvement in the technical proposal, the cylindrical shell of described high temperature section 1c also is provided with outward cylinder body outer wall water spray refrigerative spray header 4; In high temperature section, directly refrigerative is aided with indirect cooling simultaneously, can further improve cooling efficiency.
As further improvement in the technical proposal, also comprise the protective gas circulation device, described protective gas circulation device comprises condenser 5, protective gas hold-up vessel 6 and the blower fan 7 that is communicated with successively, described blower fan 7 outlets are communicated with protective gas pipe 2, described protective gas pipe 2 is communicated with the discharge end 1b of cooling cylinder 1, and the feed end 1a of described cooling cylinder 1 is communicated with chute 8, and chute 8 is provided with opening, opening part is provided with baffle plate 9, and the opening on the described chute 8 is communicated with condenser 5; The opening part that the water vapour one that protective gas enters into high temperature section 1c and high temperature section 1c in the tube coexists on the chute 8 enters condenser 5, water vapour is cooled at condenser 5 places and condenses into water droplet, and protective gas enters the protective gas hold-up vessel again to be continued to recycle for 6 li; Baffle plate 9 can block protective gas and directly flow along chute 8, makes it enter the protective gas circulation device, and protective gas hold-up vessel 6 also is communicated with protective gas and replenishes pipe 10; Protective gas is reclaimed by circulation device, reduced the consumption of rare protective gas, further reduced system operation cost.
Described condenser 5 comprises housing and is arranged at the intravital condensate pipe of shell that housing bottom is communicated with water shoot 5b by valve 5a; The water of collecting when condenser 5 bottom condensations surpasses just to be opened valve 5a when a certain amount of, and the water of condensation is emitted.
As further improvement in the technical proposal, comprise also being arranged at the water collecting basin 11 that cooling cylinder 1 below is used to collect the surplus water of cylinder body outer wall that described water collecting basin 11 is communicated with spray header 4 and water fog applicator 3 respectively by recycle pump 12; Spray the water collecting basin below cylinder body outer wall is fallen 11 that the water on the cylinder body outer wall is not vaporized and evaporated, the water that water collecting basin is 11 li is extracted into top cooling water main line by recycle pump 12 again, use for the inside and outside water coolant of cylindrical shell, saved the magnitude of recruitment of water coolant.
Described cooling cylinder 1 is horizontal layout, and cylindrical shell is supported by backing ring and barrel support wheel, and cylindrical shell can rotate under the driving of transmission system.
The technical process of above-mentioned cooling system is as follows:
The pyritous direct-reduced iron pelletizing that comes out from rotary hearth furnace enters cooling cylinder 1 through chute 8, at cooling cylinder 1 internal rotation, moves to discharge end 1b by feed end 1a.
Direct-reduced iron pelletizing temperature is higher than 620 ℃ in the cylindrical shell of high temperature section 1c, water smoke and the direct contact heat-exchanging of pelletizing by water fog applicator 3 ejections, pelletizing is cooled to 630 ℃～620 ℃,, thereby indirectly pelletizing in the cylindrical shell is cooled off simultaneously to the cylinder body outer wall cooling of spraying water; The pelletizing temperature is lower than 620 ℃ in the cylindrical shell of low-temperature zone 1d, to the cylinder body outer wall cooling of spraying water, thereby indirectly pelletizing in the cylindrical shell is cooled off.
According to barrel diameter and the hourly output calculating high temperature section 1c of needs refrigerative pelletizing and the length of low-temperature zone 1d of cooling cylinder 1, as shown in the table, the cylindrical shell parameter of 4 embodiment of the present invention:
| Embodiment | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 |
| High temperature section pelletizing temperature ℃ | 1100-620 | 1100-620 | 1100-620 | 1100-620 |
| Low-temperature zone pelletizing temperature ℃ | 620-300 | 620-270 | 620-255 | 620-290 |
| Cooling power t/h | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 |
| Barrel diameter/m | Ф2.2 | Ф3 | Ф1.8 | Ф2.5 |
| Cylindrical shell length/m | 10 | 8 | 13 | 9 |
| High temperature section length/m | 4 | 3 | 5.5 | 3.5 |
| Low-temperature zone length/m | 6 | 5 | 7.5 | 5.5 |
Chemical thermodynamics according to iron and steam reaction knows that when temperature was higher than 620 ℃, the Gibbs free energy of iron and water reaction (generate Z 250 and hydrogen or generate iron protoxide and hydrogen) was greater than 0, so can not react; Therefore, the direct contact heat-exchanging (can be aided with indirect cooling simultaneously) of direct-reduced iron pelletizing and water both can have been realized quick refrigerative effect in the high temperature section, also avoided iron by the water oxidation; Water is not directly contacted with pelletizing in the low-temperature zone, avoided iron yet by the water oxidation.
Protective gas (as nitrogen) enters into high temperature section 1c from low-temperature zone 1d in tube, the opening part that coexists on the chute 8 with the water vapour one of high temperature section 1c enters condenser 5, water vapour is cooled at condenser 5 places and condenses into water droplet, and protective gas enters the protective gas hold-up vessel again to be continued to recycle for 6 li; Therefore, whole process of cooling is to carry out under the protection of protective gas, to prevent the iron oxidation by air.
Explanation is at last, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although by invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make various changes to it in the form and details, and the spirit and scope of the present invention that do not depart from appended claims and limited.
Claims (10)
1. high temperature direct-reduced iron method of cooling; it is characterized in that: under the protection of protective gas; earlier the direct atomized water spray of high temperature direct-reduced iron is cooled to more than 620 ℃, again the container outer wall water spray or the water flowing of direct-reduced iron is cooled off, thereby cool off direct-reduced iron indirectly.
2. high temperature direct-reduced iron method of cooling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described to the direct atomized water spray refrigerative of high temperature direct-reduced iron simultaneously, also the container outer wall water spray or the water flowing of direct-reduced iron are cooled off, thereby cool off direct-reduced iron indirectly.
3. high temperature direct-reduced iron method of cooling according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described protective gas is a rare gas element.
4. high temperature direct-reduced iron method of cooling according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described direct-reduced iron is the direct-reduced iron pelletizing, and the container of described direct-reduced iron is a cooling cylinder.
5. system that realizes the described high temperature direct-reduced iron of claim 1 method of cooling; comprise the cooling cylinder (1) that has mounted angle; the high-end of described cooling cylinder (1) is feed end (1a); low side is discharge end (1b); the cylindrical shell of cooling cylinder (1) is communicated with protective gas pipe (2); it is characterized in that: the cylindrical shell of described cooling cylinder (1) is divided into two sections; one section near feed end (1a) is high temperature section (1c); one section near discharge end (1b) is low-temperature zone (1d); be provided with water fog applicator (3) and tube intravital direct-reduced iron pelletizing temperature 〉=620 ℃ in the cylindrical shell of high temperature section (1c), the cylindrical shell of low-temperature zone (1d) is provided with outward cylinder body outer wall water spray refrigerative spray header (4).
6. system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the cylindrical shell of described high temperature section (1c) also is provided with outward cylinder body outer wall water spray refrigerative spray header (4).
7. according to claim 5 or 6 described systems; it is characterized in that: also comprise the protective gas circulation device; described protective gas circulation device comprises the condenser (5) that is communicated with successively; protective gas hold-up vessel (6) and blower fan (7); described blower fan (7) outlet is communicated with protective gas pipe (2); described protective gas pipe (2) is communicated with the discharge end (1b) of cooling cylinder (1); the feed end (1a) of described cooling cylinder (1) is communicated with chute (8); chute (8) is provided with opening; opening part is provided with baffle plate (9), and the opening on the described chute (8) is communicated with condenser (5).
8. system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described condenser (5) comprises housing and is arranged at the intravital condensate pipe of shell that housing bottom is communicated with water shoot (5b) by valve (5a).
9. according to claim 5 or 6 described systems, it is characterized in that: also comprise being arranged at the water collecting basin (11) that cooling cylinder (1) below is used to collect the surplus water of cylinder body outer wall, described water collecting basin (11) is communicated with spray header (4) and water fog applicator (3) respectively by recycle pump (12).
10. according to claim 5 or 6 described systems, it is characterized in that: described cooling cylinder (1) is horizontal layout, and cylindrical shell is supported by backing ring and barrel support wheel, and cylindrical shell can rotate under the driving of transmission system.
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| CN 201110125785 CN102181595A (en) | 2011-05-16 | 2011-05-16 | Cooling method and system of high-temperature directly reduced iron |
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| CN 201110125785 CN102181595A (en) | 2011-05-16 | 2011-05-16 | Cooling method and system of high-temperature directly reduced iron |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103436653A (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2013-12-11 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | Water cooling tube device for direct reduction iron |
| CN105066547A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-11-18 | 李伟雷 | Quick refrigerating device |
| CN105969927A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-09-28 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Water quenching device for direct reduced iron (DRI) produced by rotary hearth furnace and method |
| CN110470145A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-19 | 宝钢工程技术集团有限公司 | Small kiln cooling device and its cooling technique |
| CN112410494A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-02-26 | 东北大学 | Iron-making device and method capable of applying suspension melting reduction of fine-grained fine ores |
| CN113266998A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-08-17 | 中国有色（沈阳）冶金机械有限公司 | Drum-type high-temperature material cooling system |
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| CN101796201A (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2010-08-04 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Process for producing hot briquette iron using high-temperature reduced iron, and method and apparatus for temperature control of reduced iron for hot forming for the process |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103436653A (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2013-12-11 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | Water cooling tube device for direct reduction iron |
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| CN105066547A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-11-18 | 李伟雷 | Quick refrigerating device |
| CN105066547B (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2017-11-14 | 李伟雷 | Quick cooling device |
| CN105969927A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-09-28 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Water quenching device for direct reduced iron (DRI) produced by rotary hearth furnace and method |
| CN110470145A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-19 | 宝钢工程技术集团有限公司 | Small kiln cooling device and its cooling technique |
| CN112410494A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-02-26 | 东北大学 | Iron-making device and method capable of applying suspension melting reduction of fine-grained fine ores |
| CN112410494B (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-07-16 | 东北大学 | Iron-making device and method capable of applying suspension melting reduction of fine-grained fine ores |
| CN113266998A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-08-17 | 中国有色（沈阳）冶金机械有限公司 | Drum-type high-temperature material cooling system |
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Application publication date: 20110914 |