CN102175491B

CN102175491B - Water-sediment compound simulation test device for accurately layering and collecting sediment

Info

Publication number: CN102175491B
Application number: CN 201010616981
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢少勇; 金相灿; 陈建军; 蔡珉敏; 郭家盛; 王佩
Original assignee: Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
Current assignee: Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
Priority date: 2010-12-31
Filing date: 2010-12-31
Publication date: 2013-05-15
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-31
Also published as: CN102175491A

Abstract

The invention relates to a water-sediment compound simulation test device which is formed by combining a testing column with a built-in layering testing cylinder, wherein an outer cylinder top cover is transparent and detachable; a sampling valve is arranged on a side face; the water replenishing and water sampling operations can be carried out conveniently; and a dewatering valve is arranged on the bottom of the side face. If the device is used for a test, an inner cylinder is taken out firstly, and then the inner cylinder is slowly descended to the outer cylinder by taking a cotton thread by hand after being filled with the acquired field sediment, an evacuation valve is closed, water is slowly filled in from the top of the outer cylinder, and then the test is started. When the sediment sample is needed to be taken, the following operations are performed: exhausting the water of the outer cylinder by using the evacuation valve of the outer cylinder and then taking out the inner cylinder by taking the cotton thread by hand; taking off a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) short plug from one bottom corner of the inner cylinder and pulling out a PVC long nail from an inner cylinder top corner corresponding to the bottom corner by firmly holding a nail cap; inserting gaskets in layers by starting from the top layer and rotating the inner cylinder and gaskets by using the PVC long nail at another corner as a shaft; and then vertically moving the gaskets downwards, thereby guiding the sediment on the layers to fall onto the gaskets. Different layered sediment samples can be conveniently and accurately acquired by performing the operations layer by layer.

Description

The one accurate layering of cover gathers sedimental water-sediment composite analogy test unit

Affiliated technical field

The present invention relates to an accurate layering of cover and gather sedimental water-sediment composite analogy test unit, can be used for the lake water-sediment interface nutritive salt conversion of environmental science and engineering field and the repair mechanisms research of lake sediment.

Background technology

Sediment is the important component part of the natural water environment such as lake, Lakes in Nutrition salt and pollutant store the storehouse.Lake endogenous material enters water body from sediment need to pass through surface deposit, so nutritive salt is very important to the exploration of lake eutrophication mechanism in the migration and conversion rule research of Water-sediment interface.In simulation test, the layering collection of sediment sample and analysis are the important prerequisites of research sediment Vertical Characteristic.At present, the most organic glass testing columns that adopt wound packages of water-sedimental simulation test, the post bottom is loaded sediment, then add water on the deposition object plane, the principal character of this device and the problem of existence are: (1) S ﹠ W coexists in a column casing, Qu Shui and usually can not cause the disturbance at water sediment interface during sediment sample after off-test; (2) testing column is the wound packages structure, and after the water sample sucking-off, cylinder is dark and caliber is less, is difficult to realize sedimental layering collection.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a cover accurately stratified sampling and the Lake Water low to the water sediment interfacial disturbance-sediment composite analogy test unit, this covering device is simple in structure, cheap, easy to use and sample effect is good.

Technical scheme of the present invention:

Accurately the Lake Water of stratified sampling-sediment composite analogy test unit comprises testing column (urceolus) and built-in each cover of layering test cylinder (inner core):

Testing column (urceolus) is processed by the White-opalescent pvc pipe of tubular, bore 15cm, external diameter 16cm, high 100cm.PVC disk sealing and the antiseepage of identical material adopted in the bottom, and the transparent organic glass dome of an easy accessibility is installed on the top, tears lid when water filling and moisturizing open, duration of test capping at ordinary times.Have on the same perpendicular line of urceolus side 50cm At The Height and bottom knob discharge water Plastic valve each one, from top to bottom, be respectively water sampling valve and atmospheric valve, the water sampling valve is opened when water sampling, other the time shut; Atmospheric valve is opened when draining emptying, other the time shut.

Built-in deposit test and stratified sampling cylinder (inner core) are that the interior length of side of square is 6cm by the square PVC square that 10 hollows and thickness are 3 centimetres (every layer of degree of depth of the getting mud) formation that vertically superposes, and the outer length of side is 10cm.A square bottom end seal of bottommost.Each PVC square respectively is equipped with a diameter in the position of two corners be the circular hole of 0.5 centimetre, all squares vertically pile up neat after high 30cm, the lake sediment that inside can hold 10 * 10 * 30cm3 volume is used for simulation test.

With two long circular holes that pass two jiaos of ten squares for the plastics spike of 32cm, the aperture that diameter is 0.5cm namely appears after passing 10 squares, be 0.5cm at two apertures diameter of riveting over, the plastics bolt of long 1.5cm can be realized the fixing of whole inner core, coordinate the feet at cylinder two other angle, bottom surface, whole test cylinder can be stablized placement.

The gap between layers, side of cylinder posts with plastic film wrapped and with adhesive waterproof tape, prevents from occuring in the side of cylinder the mass exchange of water sludge interface.Be that thin cotton thread is so that inner core is placed and taking-up on two nuts on the top of inner core.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: (1) sampler structure is simple, easy to operate, can be used for Water-sediment interface nutritive salt Transport And Transformation and the mechanism of passivation and the simulation test research of restoration of the ecosystem of shallow lake, separately can enlarge in proportion the diameter of urceolus and inner core as required, open ended water and sediment consumption increases.(2) after off-test, can realize easily and accurately the layering collection (every layer thickness is 3cm) of sediment sample.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is assembled perspective view of the present invention

Fig. 2 is the design sketch (four kinds visual angle each) of inner core in the present invention

In Fig. 1: 1. the transparent cap 2. water surface 3. urceolus 4. thin cotton thread 6. inner core 7. freeing port 8. base 9. plastics head of a nail 10. plastics spike 11. plastics bolt 12 inner core synusia (the 2nd layer) 13. inner core 14. inner core synusia (the 10th layer) of sample tap 5.

Fig. 2: for the 3-D effect view of inner core with the synusia that forms inner core, comprise 2 of oblique views, each, vertical view and side view.

Embodiment

Successively load the lake sediment that mixes when test starts in inner core, can add sediment passivation medicament in the fixing degree of depth as required in the filling process, and then continue to cover sediment to filling up inner core (30cm height).Afterwards can portable fine rule of fastening long 80cm on nut, the inner core stable landing is placed into the urceolus inner bottom part, and will hangs over higher than the 10cm cotton thread of urceolus the proposition of outer drum outer wall whole inner core when facilitating sediment sampling.After putting inner core well, inject slowly the lake water of field acquisition along outer tube inner wall to the 90cm At The Height of urceolus, in test system, overlying water is 60cm deeply at this moment.At the plexiglass cover of the good printing opacity of urceolus upper end cover, test can be in outdoor startup.Duration of test is by the water sample during the Plastic valve acquisition test of outer tube side wall 50cm At The Height, after having gathered water sample, take off immediately the plexiglass cover on top, slowly pour lake water with the equal volume of taking a sample into from the top of urceolus as moisturizing, to keep the constancy of volume of duration of test overlying water.

When need gathering sediment sample, take off the plexiglass cover on urceolus top, open the atmospheric valve of urceolus bottom side bottom, drain the overlying water in urceolus.The both hands outer cotton thread that hangs of outer tube wall of holding proposes inner core stably, steadily is placed on testing table.Successively take the adhesive waterproof tape of inner core lateral surface off; Take out the plastics stub of a plastics spike bottom, arrest this spike and extract the plastics spike out at the nut on inner core top from inner core.Extract the plastics spike at a diagonal angle out, the plastics spike at another diagonal angle maintains static, and the different layers square of inner core can rotate take fixing plastics spike as axle at this moment, thereby realizes that layering gathers the sediment sample in simulation system.Concrete operation steps in detail is: from the superiors of inner core, from inserting the plastic tab of a 20cm * 30cm between the gap of ground floor and the second layer, to contain afterwards sedimental ground floor square and rotate 90 together with plastic tab along one jiao of fixing plastics spike, mobile thin slice 3-5cm vertically downward afterwards, the sediment in ground floor (0-3cm) square is because Action of Gravity Field falls to plastic tab; Sediment sample on plastic tab is scraped, and collect this ground floor sediment with clean valve bag; Clean and dry the two sides of plastic tab with distilled water, then be inserted between the gap of second layer square and the 3rd layer of square, complete the acquisition operations of the second layer (3-6cm) sediment sample with above method of operating; According to above method of operating, successively complete ground floor downwards to the collection of layer different depth sediment sample second from the bottom, the thickness of deposits of every layer is 3cm; Another spike on the inner core angle need be first taken off in the square bottom sealing of one deck of the end, sampling operation, after removing other all square layer, last one deck square is tipped upside down on film, directly pours out sediment.

After taking the sediment sample of all layers, the square of breaking when cleaning all samplings by

claim

4,5,6 method assembling inner core, after cleaning up inner core, can reuse again, continues the new simulation test of beginning after combination.

Claims

1. a cover is used for the water of analysis mode-sediment composite analogy test unit, it is characterized in that: comprise testing column urceolus and built-in sediment layering test cylinder; Testing column urceolus top has the organic glass dome of printing opacity and easy accessibility, facilitates water filling and moisturizing operation; The side has conveniently stratified sampling of water of sampling valve, has atmospheric valve to be used for Quick drainage near the side of bottom; Built-in sediment layering test cylinder is to be made of the vertical stack of square PVC square that 10 hollows and thickness are 3cm, so that get respectively every layer of mud, a square bottom end seal of bottommost, and do not have the diagonal position in hole to be stained with two bottom surface diameters and the high feet that is a centimeter two of bottom surface;

Wherein, built-in each PVC square of sediment layering test cylinder respectively is equipped with in the position of two corners the circular hole that a diameter is 0.5cm, after all squares vertically pile up neatly, with two long circular holes that pass two jiaos of 10 squares for the plastics spike of 32cm, 10 PVC squares are fixedly become one can contain the dark cylinder of sedimental 30cm, it is 0.5cm that aperture two spike bottoms interts diameter, and the short bolt of the PVC of long 1.5cm is fixed realizing;

Described plastics spike is formed by the PVC plastic processing, and length is 32cm, and it is the nut shape structure of 1cm that there is thickness on the top; And after fixing the built-in sediment layering test cylinder that is consisted of by the vertical stack of square PVC square, gap between layers, the side of described layering test cylinder is with plastic film wrapped and add adhesive waterproof tape and post, and prevents from occuring at the place, synusia gap of this side the mass exchange of water sludge interface; Described nut shape structure is nut, fastens fine rule so that built-in sediment layering test cylinder is placed and taken out on described nut.