CN102175066A - Heliostat tracking control device for tower-type solar thermal power station - Google Patents

Heliostat tracking control device for tower-type solar thermal power station Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102175066A
CN102175066A CN2011100418748A CN201110041874A CN102175066A CN 102175066 A CN102175066 A CN 102175066A CN 2011100418748 A CN2011100418748 A CN 2011100418748A CN 201110041874 A CN201110041874 A CN 201110041874A CN 102175066 A CN102175066 A CN 102175066A
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heliostat
heat collector
camera
heliostats
type solar
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CN2011100418748A
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CN102175066B (en
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吴建华
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NANJING XUCHENG NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/20Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47Mountings or tracking

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Position Or Direction (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a heliostat tracking control device for a tower-type solar thermal power station. The device comprises a plurality of heliostats and a heat collector, wherein the heat collector receives reflective sunlights by the heliostats; the heat collector is provided with a camera group which can photograph reflective light images of the heliostats; and a signal output end of each camera in the camera group is connected with a signal receiving end of a tracking control main frame. According to the invention, the angle of each heliostat is regulated according to the position of sunlight spots reflected by the heliostats relatives to the heat collector, the tracking accuracy of the heliostats is improved, the accuracy requirement of a heliostat tracking transmission mechanism is reduced further, thus the manufacturing cost of the power station can be lowered; according to the situation that the sunlights reflected by the heliostats are received by a camera array, the distribution situation of all the sunlight spots reflected by the heliostats can be determined, further each heliostat is subjected to fine tuning, the uniform distribution of the light spots is realized, the local overheating of the heat collector is avoided, and the service life of the power station is prolonged.

Description

A kind of heliostat follow-up control apparatus that is used for the tower type solar energy thermal power generation station
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heliostat follow-up control apparatus that is used for the tower type solar energy thermal power generation station.
Background technology
The citation form at tower type solar energy thermal power generation station is speculum (also claiming heliostat) the mirror group who utilizes the independently tracked sun, solar ray collecting is produced high temperature to being fixed on the heat collector that receives top of tower, heating working medium produces superheated steam or high-temperature gas, driving steam turbine generating set or Gas Turbine Generating Units generating, thus solar energy is converted to electric energy.
Existing tower type solar energy thermal power generation station is generally adopted open loop control, closed-loop control and is opened and closed loops and closes 3 kinds of tracking controls and make its all heliostats constantly all sunshine all be reflexed to heat collector in difference.
So-called open loop control, refer to tracking control system according to solar azimuth, heat collector position, heliostat position calculation go out heliostat with sunlight reflected the angle of heliostat minute surface during to heat collector, and heliostat is adjusted according to result of calculation.Though aforementioned calculation result is very accurate, because the heliostat tracking drive mechanism is at the mechanical tolerance of making and use produces, the precision that open loop control reality can reach is not high, partial mirror even can follow the tracks of failure.
So-called closed-loop control, generally be on every heliostat sensor installation with determine heliostat whether just sunlight reflected and then the angle of heliostat adjusted to heat collector because sensor cost height, and heliostat quantity is huge, and this has just improved the cost in power station greatly.
The so-called loops that opens and closes closes control, generally is at first to adopt above-mentioned open-loop control method that heliostat is tentatively adjusted, and then adopts closed loop control method that heliostat is accurately adjusted.
In addition, existing heliostat follow-up control apparatus is difficult to control the accurate position of sunshine on heat collector that each heliostat reflects, when too much sunlight reflected during same position, causes the hot-spot of heat collector easily to heat collector, may cause the damage of heat collector when serious.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the purpose of invention is to address the above problem, for the tower type solar energy thermal power generation station provides a kind of tracking accuracy height, can make rationally that distribute, that cost the is low heliostat follow-up control apparatus on heat collector that flashes back the sunlight.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
A kind of heliostat follow-up control apparatus that is used for the tower type solar energy thermal power generation station, comprise some heliostats, receive the heat collector of heliostat reflected sunlight, described heat collector is provided with the camera group that can photograph the heliostat reflected light image, and each signal at output end of camera among the camera group is connected with the signal receiving end of following the tracks of main control system.
Wherein, described camera group is arranged according to the mode of array by some cameras to form; Described camera group also can be in the place beyond the center on heat collector that evenly is intervally arranged on horizontal, the vertical direction by some cameras.
Wherein, be provided with in the periphery of heat collector and can take the peripheral camera that heliostat reflexes to the image beyond the heat collector.
Each camera of camera array of the present invention monitor respectively among the heliostat mirror group each heliostat whether with sunlight reflected to this camera, situation about being received by all cameras in the shooting head array according to every heliostat flash back the sunlight, follow the tracks of main control system and can judge the position of every heliostat sunlight reflected hot spot with respect to heat collector, follow the tracks of main control system and adjust the angle of heliostat in view of the above, improved the heliostat tracking accuracy at tower type solar energy thermal power generation station, required precision to the heliostat tracking drive mechanism also can further reduce, thereby can reduce the cost in power station; Situation about being received by the head array of being made a video recording according to heliostat institute sunlight reflected, follow the tracks of main control system and can judge the distribution situation of all heliostat sunlight reflected hot spots on heat collector, following the tracks of main control system finely tunes the angle of each heliostat of heliostat group in view of the above, realize the even distribution of hot spot on heat collector, avoid the heat collector hot-spot, prolonged the service life in power station.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a heliostat mirror of the present invention field schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the camera array schematic diagram of first kind of embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the camera array schematic diagram of second kind of embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the camera array schematic diagram of the third embodiment.
Fig. 6 is the camera array schematic diagram of the 4th kind of embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a camera imaging schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 (a)-Fig. 8 (d) is camera array and facula position schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done further explanation.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the heliostat follow-up control apparatus that is used for the tower type solar energy thermal power generation station of the present invention comprises the heliostat border group who is made up of some heliostats 1, and heliostat 1 links to each other with heliostat tracking drive mechanism 6.Heliostat tracking drive mechanism 6 adjustable whole heliostats 1 are azimuth angle theta and the angle of pitch γ to heat collector 2 time with sunlight reflected.
The heliostat follow-up control apparatus also comprises the heat collector 2 that receives heliostat 1 reflected sunlight, and heat collector 2 is installed in and receives on the tower 7; Described heat collector 2 is provided with the camera group that can photograph heliostat 1 reflected light image, and the signal output part of each camera 3 among the camera group is connected with the signal receiving end of following the tracks of main control system 4.
On heat collector 2, be provided with the camera group who forms by some cameras 3, also be provided with a plurality of peripheral cameras 5 around the heat collector 2.
Each camera 3 among the camera group and the VT of each peripheral camera 5 are connected with the video reception end of following the tracks of main control system 4, follow the tracks of main control system 4 and be connected with each heliostat tracking drive mechanism 6, follow the tracks of main control system 4 and can send the instruction of adjusting heliostat 1 azimuth angle theta and angle of pitch γ to each heliostat tracking drive mechanism 6 by communication network 9 by communication network 9.
Follow the tracks of main control system 4 and adopt built-in multi-channel video capture card, central processing unit, easy the become estranged industrial control computer of non-volatile memory, network communication interface.Following the tracks of main control system 4 is responsible for the collection of video image of each camera 3 among the camera groups and peripheral camera 5 and processing, each heliostat azimuth angle theta and angle of pitch γ that the azimuth angle theta and the angle of pitch γ adjustment amount of position judgment, each heliostat tracking drive mechanism 6 calculated, sent each heliostat tracking drive mechanism 6 that flash back the sunlight and adjusts work such as instruction.
Communication network 9 adopts RS485 wire communication network or Zigbee wireless communication networks, connects the network communication interface of following the tracks of main control system 4 and each heliostat tracking drive mechanism 6.
Heliostat tracking drive mechanism 6 mainly comprises a cover embedded computer, two cover motor and deceleration devices.The built-in central processing unit of embedded computer, easily become estranged non-volatile memory, network communication interface can calculate the azimuth angle theta and the angle of pitch γ of each heliostat, the azimuth angle theta of each heliostat that receives autotracking main control system 4 and angle of pitch γ adjustment amount, send to two cover motors and deceleration device and adjust instruction.Two cover motors and deceleration device are adjusted the azimuth angle theta and the angle of pitch γ of heliostat respectively.
As shown in Figure 3, the camera group on the heat collector 2 is arranged according to the mode of rectangular array by some cameras 3 to form.Camera array comprise lay respectively at heat collector 2 upper left sides, left side, lower left, directly over, under, nine cameras 3 at upper right side, right side, lower right and center.Above-mentioned each camera 3 all adopts high temperature resistant camera, and camera 3 anterior installations can be filtered the high temperature resistant eyeglass of high light, and each camera all can be monitored whole heliostat mirror group.
As shown in Figure 4, the inconvenient fixing camera 3 of the center position of general heat collector 2, so the camera group on the heat collector 2 of the present invention can also be as shown in Figure 4, except center position, camera 3 evenly is intervally arranged on heat collector 2 on horizontal, vertical direction.Be that camera can not installed in heat collector 2 centers, judge by the situation of following the tracks of each heliostat 1 fine setting of main control system 4 memories whether heliostat hot spot 8 is positioned at certain assigned address on the heat collector 2, thereby also can realize above-mentioned functions, slightly descend but adjust precision.
Shown in Fig. 5,6, being provided with in the periphery of heat collector 2 can be to the peripheral camera 5 of heliostat 1 bounce lighting shot picture.Increase a circle or the peripheral camera 5 of multi-turn in the periphery of heat collector 2 to enlarge the area of camera array, adjust under the constant situation of precision final, required precision to heliostat tracking drive mechanism 6 further reduces, thereby can further reduce the cost of whole tower type solar thermo-power station.
As shown in Figure 7, because the installation site of each camera 3 and each face heliostat 1 is fixed among the camera group, so each face heliostat 1 is fixed in the position that camera 3 is gathered in the image, following the tracks of main control system 4 can be by to every camera 3 treatment of picture of gathering, judge each face heliostat 1 whether with sunlight reflected to these camera 3 places.Speck among the figure represent this position heliostat 1 with sunlight reflected to this camera 3, the position of certain heliostat 1 correspondence do not have obvious speck then represent this heliostat 1 not with sunlight reflected to this camera 3.
Heliostat of the present invention is followed the tracks of control procedure and is divided following two steps, and regularly repeats.
The first step is preliminary adjustment, calculate sunlight reflected azimuth angle theta and angle of pitch γ of each face heliostat 1 during a certain assigned address to heat collector 2 according to the current time by following the tracks of main control system 4 or each heliostat tracking drive mechanism 6, and by each heliostat tracking drive mechanism 6 each face heliostat 1 is adjusted according to result of calculation.Though the result of calculation of the azimuth angle theta of above-mentioned each face heliostat 1 and angle of pitch γ is very accurate, but because heliostat tracking drive mechanism 6 is at the mechanical tolerance of making and use produces, the preliminary precision of adjusting can not guarantee that each face heliostat 1 accurately reflexes to a certain assigned address on the heat collector 2 with sunlight, if improve heliostat tracking drive mechanism 6 precision then can cause cost to increase substantially.
Though the precision of above-mentioned preliminary adjustment is not high, its precision can guarantee that 1 sunlight reflected of heliostat is made a video recording, and at least one camera 3 receives in the head array.
Second step was a trim process, follow the tracks of main control system 4 by the video image of each camera 3 is handled, judge the position of 1 sunlight reflected hot spot 8 of each face heliostat, calculate the azimuth angle theta that needs when each face heliostat 1 accurately reflexes to a certain assigned address on the heat collector 2 with sunlight and angle of pitch γ amount trimmed and then send and adjust instruction to each heliostat tracking drive mechanism 6.
For example, after preliminary the adjustment through the above-mentioned first step, 1 sunlight reflected hot spot 8 of certain heliostat can be received by at least one camera 3 in the shooting head array, accompanying drawing 8 (a)-8 (d) was enumerated and how to be finely tuned when if desired 1 sunlight reflected hot spot of this heliostat being adjusted to the medium position of heat collector 2 this moment.
Shown in Fig. 8 (a), if certain heliostat 1 sunlight reflected hot spot 8 is positioned at heat collector 2 upper left cameras and receives in the heliostat mirror field, and other camera does not receive, then follow the tracks of main control system 4 and think that 1 sunlight reflected hot spot of this heliostat is positioned at heat collector 2 upper left positions, the angle of then sending instruction fine setting heliostat 1 makes the hot spot 8 of this heliostat 1 move toward the lower right.
Shown in Fig. 8 (b), if certain heliostat 1 sunlight reflected hot spot 8 is positioned at two cameras receptions of top, heat collector 2 left sides and left in the heliostat mirror field, and other camera does not receive, then follow the tracks of main control system 4 and think that 1 sunlight reflected hot spot 8 of this heliostat is positioned at the position on heat collector 2 left avertences, the angle of then sending instruction fine setting heliostat 1 makes the hot spot 8 of this heliostat 1 move toward right-hand, and slightly moves down.
Shown in Fig. 8 (c), if the camera 3 that certain heliostat 1 sunlight reflected hot spot 8 is positioned at directly over the heat collector 2 in the heliostat mirror field receives, and other camera does not receive, then follow the tracks of main control system 4 and think that 1 sunlight reflected hot spot of this heliostat is positioned at the position directly over the heat collector 2, the angle of then sending instruction fine setting heliostat 1 makes that the hot spot 8 of this heliostat 1 is mobile toward under.
Shown in Fig. 8 (d), if certain heliostat 1 sunlight reflected hot spot 8 is positioned at the camera reception at heat collector 2 middle parts in the heliostat mirror field, and other camera does not receive, promptly follow the tracks of main control system 4 thinks that heliostat 1 flash back the sunlight is produced on heat collector 2 hot spot 8 and be positioned at heat collector 2 centers, heliostat 1 need not to adjust.
According to above example, follow the tracks of the situation that main control system 4 is received by the head array of making a video recording according to 1 sunlight reflected of arbitrary heliostat, can judge the position of arbitrary heliostat 1 sunlight reflected hot spot 8 with respect to heat collector 2, tracking main control system 4 sends instruction in view of the above the angle of each heliostat 1 is finely tuned, and makes each heliostat 1 sunlight reflected hot spot 8 be positioned at the assigned address of heat collector 2.
According to above example, also can realize each the reasonable distribution of heliostat 1 sunlight reflected hot spot 8 on heat collector 2, for example, sunlight hot spot 8 is evenly distributed on heat collector 2, can effectively avoid the hot-spot of heat collector 2, if find that perhaps certain position on the heat collector 2 is overheated, can be so that the sunlight hot spot of this position 8 all or part of shifting out make this position temperature drop to reasonable temperature.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. heliostat follow-up control apparatus that is used for the tower type solar energy thermal power generation station, comprise some heliostats (1), receive the heat collector (2) of heliostat (1) reflected sunlight, it is characterized in that: described heat collector (2) is provided with the camera group that can photograph heliostat (1) reflected light image, and the signal output part of each camera (3) among the camera group is connected with the signal receiving end of following the tracks of main control system (4).
2. a kind of heliostat follow-up control apparatus that is used for the tower type solar energy thermal power generation station according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described camera group is arranged according to the mode of array by some cameras (3) to form.
3. a kind of heliostat follow-up control apparatus that is used for the tower type solar energy thermal power generation station according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described camera group is in the place that evenly is intervally arranged on horizontal, the vertical direction beyond heat collector (2) is gone up the center by some cameras (3).
4. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described a kind of heliostat follow-up control apparatus that are used for the tower type solar energy thermal power generation station, it is characterized in that: be provided with in the periphery of heat collector (2) and can take the peripheral camera (5) that heliostat (1) reflexes to heat collector (2) image in addition.
CN201110041874A 2011-02-14 2011-02-14 Heliostat tracking control device for tower-type solar thermal power station Expired - Fee Related CN102175066B (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102434978A (en) * 2011-12-27 2012-05-02 浙江中控太阳能技术有限公司 Non-equal-height heliostat field for solar heat generating system
CN102506810A (en) * 2011-10-18 2012-06-20 邵文远 Heliostat angle deviation detection method for tower type solar thermal power generation system
CN103135521A (en) * 2011-12-01 2013-06-05 亮源工业(以色列)有限公司 Systems and methods for control and calibration of a solar power tower system
CN103684211A (en) * 2012-08-30 2014-03-26 中国科学院上海高等研究院 Tower type solar power generation system
CN108958229A (en) * 2018-08-24 2018-12-07 北京首航艾启威节能技术股份有限公司 Method and device for rapidly and qualitatively detecting tracking accuracy of heliostat
CN109062269A (en) * 2018-08-23 2018-12-21 杨军峰 A kind of heliostat focuses method for correcting error, apparatus and system automatically
CN109596212A (en) * 2019-02-14 2019-04-09 浙江中控太阳能技术有限公司 The detection system and detection method of heliostat light gathering efficiency
CN112765846A (en) * 2021-01-04 2021-05-07 山东电力建设第三工程有限公司 Evaluation method for heliostat field polymerization performance of tower type solar thermal power plant
CN115523668A (en) * 2022-05-10 2022-12-27 山东大学 Method for alternately controlling heat collection quantity at different positions

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CN101776919A (en) * 2009-12-29 2010-07-14 中国科学院电工研究所 Heliostat tracking error correction method
CN101918769A (en) * 2007-10-24 2010-12-15 伊苏勒有限公司 Heliostat calibration in a kind of central tower receiver solar power plant and tracking control
WO2011004022A1 (en) * 2009-07-10 2011-01-13 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Method for aligning the heliostats of a heliostat field

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JPS57148135A (en) * 1981-03-06 1982-09-13 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol Error correcting method of solar rays collecting equipment
US4564275A (en) * 1984-06-21 1986-01-14 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Automatic heliostat track alignment method
CN101918769A (en) * 2007-10-24 2010-12-15 伊苏勒有限公司 Heliostat calibration in a kind of central tower receiver solar power plant and tracking control
CN201242302Y (en) * 2008-06-23 2009-05-20 中国华电工程(集团)有限公司 Control device for improving accuracy of heliostat to automatically trace sun track
WO2011004022A1 (en) * 2009-07-10 2011-01-13 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Method for aligning the heliostats of a heliostat field
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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102506810A (en) * 2011-10-18 2012-06-20 邵文远 Heliostat angle deviation detection method for tower type solar thermal power generation system
WO2013056507A1 (en) * 2011-10-18 2013-04-25 Shao Wenyuan Heliostat angle deviation detection method for solar tower thermal power system
CN102506810B (en) * 2011-10-18 2014-11-12 邵文远 Heliostat angle deviation detection method for tower type solar thermal power generation system
CN103135521B (en) * 2011-12-01 2015-10-21 亮源工业(以色列)有限公司 For controlling and correct the method and system of solar electrical energy generation Tower System
CN103135521A (en) * 2011-12-01 2013-06-05 亮源工业(以色列)有限公司 Systems and methods for control and calibration of a solar power tower system
CN102434978B (en) * 2011-12-27 2013-08-14 浙江中控太阳能技术有限公司 Non-equal-height heliostat field for solar heat generating system
CN102434978A (en) * 2011-12-27 2012-05-02 浙江中控太阳能技术有限公司 Non-equal-height heliostat field for solar heat generating system
CN103684211B (en) * 2012-08-30 2016-05-25 中国科学院上海高等研究院 Tower type solar electricity generation system
CN103684211A (en) * 2012-08-30 2014-03-26 中国科学院上海高等研究院 Tower type solar power generation system
CN109062269A (en) * 2018-08-23 2018-12-21 杨军峰 A kind of heliostat focuses method for correcting error, apparatus and system automatically
CN108958229A (en) * 2018-08-24 2018-12-07 北京首航艾启威节能技术股份有限公司 Method and device for rapidly and qualitatively detecting tracking accuracy of heliostat
CN108958229B (en) * 2018-08-24 2024-05-17 首航高科能源技术股份有限公司 Method and device for rapidly and qualitatively detecting tracking accuracy of heliostat
CN109596212A (en) * 2019-02-14 2019-04-09 浙江中控太阳能技术有限公司 The detection system and detection method of heliostat light gathering efficiency
CN109596212B (en) * 2019-02-14 2021-01-12 浙江中控太阳能技术有限公司 Detection system and detection method for heliostat light condensation efficiency
CN112765846A (en) * 2021-01-04 2021-05-07 山东电力建设第三工程有限公司 Evaluation method for heliostat field polymerization performance of tower type solar thermal power plant
CN115523668A (en) * 2022-05-10 2022-12-27 山东大学 Method for alternately controlling heat collection quantity at different positions
CN115523668B (en) * 2022-05-10 2023-08-08 山东建筑大学 Method for alternately controlling heat collection quantity at different positions

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