CN102156061A - Rainwater collecting device and method for different confluence areas - Google Patents
Rainwater collecting device and method for different confluence areas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102156061A CN102156061A CN 201110001479 CN201110001479A CN102156061A CN 102156061 A CN102156061 A CN 102156061A CN 201110001479 CN201110001479 CN 201110001479 CN 201110001479 A CN201110001479 A CN 201110001479A CN 102156061 A CN102156061 A CN 102156061A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- rainfall
- runoff
- area
- collector
- rainwater
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rainwater collecting device for different confluence areas, which comprises a rainfall runoff collecting pipeline and a plurality of collectors, wherein the rainfall runoff collecting pipeline is formed by communicating a vertical section and a horizontal section, the upper end of the rainfall runoff collecting pipeline of the vertical section is communicated with an area collecting tray, and the rainfall runoff collecting pipeline of the horizontal section is simultaneously, equidistantly and sequentially communicated with each collector. The invention also discloses a rainwater collecting method for different confluence areas. The rainwater collecting method comprises the following steps of: firstly determining an average single rainfall and a maximum rainfall by utilizing such device according to rainfall references for many years in an implementation area; then setting the number of collectors and the depth of rainfall collected by a single container; setting a total rainfall depth of all collectors according to the maximum rainfall; setting a volume of a rainfall runoff collector according to the depth of the rainfall; and finally collecting rainwater. By adopting the device and the method, the rainfall water quality is collected precisely, the standard is unified, and the proper runoff confluence areas can be determined accurately.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydrology detection technique field, relate to a kind of rainwater harvester at different catchment areas; The invention still further relates to a kind of rainwater acquisition method at different catchment areas.
Background technology
Along with the growing tension of city water resource, the increase day by day of environmental pressure, rainwater utilization becomes solution city water resource effective measures in short supply.The water pollution of face is controllably rationally gathered and use not only to rainwater, can also in time replenish underground water.Both at home and abroad all in the research of actively developing aspect the rainwater reuse, method and reuse technology that various rainwater are handled had appearred in recent years.And rainwater will obtain fully effectively handling and utilizing, and at first needs the kind and the concentration of pollutant in the runoff process that a clear and definite rainfall produces, and understands the rule that pollutant changes with the runoff generation time.And these are all relevant with the factors such as surface condition, air pollution degree, rainfall amount, raininess and rainfall frequency distribution of study area.Research for foregoing need be carried out the experiment of science, standard, a large amount of measured datas is carried out systematic analysis after, can draw the conclusion that can be used for practical operation.
Experience shows that the pollutant load in the rainfall initial stage runoff is the highest, thereby abandons the collection and the focus that is treated as research of rain for the rainfall initial stage.Abandoning rainfall about the rainwater water quality collection analysis initial stage of identification mostly roughly at present is 2-5mm or 6-8mm, and a lot of experiments all are to come collection analysis rainwater water quality according to rain time, abandon rainfall for the initial stage and do not have unified standard; Have now and study the analysis of abandoning rainwater matter for the initial stage, mostly do not express the concrete time and the rainfall that can abandon rain as the initial stage of rainwater collection, for the clear and definite boundary and the standard of initial rainfall runoff part neither one of pollutant levels maximum.Therefore, how producing change of water quality process in the runoff process according to rainfall formulates one and defines the standard that the initial stage abandons rainfall, and how to determine the representative and standardization of result of experiment, and it is compared on unified benchmark, become an actual techniques problem being badly in need of solution.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of rainwater harvester at different catchment areas, carry out the process collection according to collection capacity, it is too general to solve existing rainfall water quality collection, do not seek unity of standard, be not easy to data sharing and the problem that exchanges, and solved and how to select suitable runoff catchment area as the problem of representing area to test.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of rainwater acquisition method at different catchment areas.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of rainwater harvester at different catchment areas, comprise rainfall runoff collection pipeline and a plurality of collector, rainfall runoff is gathered pipeline and is formed with two sections UNICOMs of horizontal segment by vertical section, vertically the rainfall runoff of section is gathered pipeline upper end and area collection dish UNICOM, the rainfall runoff of horizontal segment gather pipeline simultaneously equally spaced with each collector UNICOM successively.
Another technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of rainwater acquisition method at different catchment areas, this method has adopted a kind of rainwater harvester based on the rainfall overall process, this apparatus structure is, comprise rainfall runoff collection pipeline and a plurality of collector, rainfall runoff is gathered pipeline and is formed with two sections UNICOMs of horizontal segment by vertical section, vertically the rainfall runoff of section collection pipeline upper end and area collection dish UNICOM, the rainfall runoff of horizontal segment is gathered pipeline while and each collector UNICOM successively
Utilize above-mentioned device, specifically implement according to following steps:
The volume of step 2, runoff collector is provided with according to rainfall degree of depth mm number, the initial stage runoff is provided with successively at interval according to the 2mm rainfall, be set to 20mm always, what be that collector No.1 gathers is that rainfall produces the initial 0-2mm run-off of runoff, what collector No.2 gathered is that rainfall produces runoff 4mm amount before, collector No.3 gathers is that rainfall produces the amount before the runoff 6mm, and the like, to collector No.10 runoff volume be 20mm; Continue numbering according to the 5mm runoff as increasing progressively unit quantity afterwards, finish until the setting of whole runoff collector;
Step 3, implementing the area, with the rainfall runoff of horizontal segment gather pipeline successively with each collector UNICOM, vertical section rainfall runoff is gathered pipeline is connected with area collection dish, carry out the rainwater collection.
Feature of the present invention is that also the area size of the area collection dish in the described step 3 determines that method is:
3.1) at first get three sampling areas according to 1 square metre, 5 square metres, 10 square metres examinations, adopt above-mentioned rainwater harvester to sample, before not filling, each container rounds a test block runoff water sample synchronously as actual water sample;
3.2) the water sample water quality of four groups of correspondences that the last step was obtained measures, and the result is compared, the water quality of representative sample catchment area system is always consistent with reality, a sampling area of the area minimum that searching can meet the demands;
3.3) if four groups of results are consistent, show that 1 square metre of minimum sampling area just is enough to carry out the rainfall analysis as the experiment sampling area, then choose 1 square metre of sampling area;
If three groups of results and reality all have than notable difference, the sampling area that shows 10 square metres also is not enough to represent actual, then need to increase area, add 20 square metres, 40 square metres sampling areas again and do same experiment and analyze, until finding the minimum area that obvious deviation does not take place;
3.4) go out the sampling area value that different surface should be chosen according to interpretation, i.e. the area value of area collection dish.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, can be on the identical face of land of character such as roofing, urban pavement, greenery patches etc. carry out the rainwater acquisition process, and extrapolate the water quality of comprehensive surface condition and compare checking with truth according to the data of acquisition process.1) adopt the runoff collection capacity to carry out process analysis procedure analysis, overcome adopt the time period analyze rainfall runoff water quality since raininess to change the impulsive force that causes too greatly strong excessively, make pollutant in the rainfall runoff too much and can't unify the shortcoming of comparative result.2) can be with under the various different rainfall situations, the experimental data that is collected is placed on and analyzes contrast on the unified benchmark, overcome at present a large amount of experiments because not enough standard or target when variant slightly, cause experimental data to use for reference mutually and to compare, thereby the repetition test of causing, and the result does not possess the drawback of versatility.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a rainwater harvester structural representation of the present invention.
Among the figure, 1. rainfall runoff is gathered pipeline, 2. collector, 3. area collection dish.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, the structure of rainwater harvester of the present invention is, comprise rainfall runoff collection pipeline 1 and a plurality of collector 2, rainfall runoff is gathered pipeline 1 and is formed with two sections UNICOMs of horizontal segment by vertical section, vertically 3 UNICOMs are coiled in the rainfall runoff of section collection pipeline 1 upper end and area collection, be used to gather the rainwater of certain area, the rainfall runoff of horizontal segment is gathered 1 while and each collector 2 UNICOM successively of pipeline, each collector 2 is being gathered the arrangement of pipeline 1 equal intervals, it is mainly used in the process segmentation collection of rainwater, and the capacity of each collector 2 preestablishes.
Device embodiment of the present invention, successively rainwater is collected in the process segmentation collector 2 according to order shown in Figure 1, be that runoff at first enters collector No.1, flow into collector No.2 again after container is full, ... flow into collector No.n when rainfall finishes to the end successively, the capacity of each collector is 1mm.The runoff that is exactly the 1mm of runoff when producing when all rainfalls finish of splendid attire successively in all collectors 2 like this, promptly all collector rainfall sums are exactly the run-off that this rainfall produces.
Rainwater harvester and rainwater acquisition method based on a rainfall overall process of the present invention, implement according to following steps:
First: the determining of rainwater harvester
Step 1: determine to implement average single rainfall amount and maximum rainfall in the area, determine average single rainfall amount and maximum rainfall by consulting the historical rainfall data of implementing the area.
Step 2: the number and the single container collection rainfall degree of depth of determining collector 2
Set the number and the single container of collector 2 according to average single rainfall amount and gather the rainfall degree of depth.Simultaneously, set the gross rainfall degree of depth of all collectors 2 according to maximum rainfall.The volume of runoff collector 2 is provided with according to the rainfall degree of depth (mm), in order clearly to define rainfall runoff change of water quality rule, the initial stage runoff is provided with successively at interval according to the 2mm rainfall, be set to 20mm always, what be that collector No.1 gathers is that rainfall produces the initial 0-2mm run-off of runoff, what collector No.2 gathered is that rainfall produces runoff 4mm amount (second 2mm run-off) before, what collector No.3 gathered is that rainfall produces runoff 6mm amount (the 3rd 2mm run-off) before, and the like, to collector No.10 runoff volume be 20mm.Can continue numbering as increasing progressively unit quantity according to the 5mm runoff afterwards, be provided with complete until whole runoff collectors.
Step 3: the single acquired volume of determining collector 2
According to the collection rainfall degree of depth of step 2 layout, calculate the volume that corresponding collector needs according to catchment area (i.e. the area of collection dish 3), set each collector 2; Above-mentioned device is arranged on the enforcement area, carries out the rainwater collection.
Second portion: the standard criterion method of determining the representative catchment area (i.e. the area of collection dish 3) that experiment needs
For compiling the less enforcement zone of area, can be directly carry out design, yet most of the time, what rainwater research was often faced is basin perimeter with top according to real area, it is unpractical therefore gathering whole rainwater.When carrying out batch experiment and gathering mass data, need to select a sample area that is enough to represent large tracts of land rainfall runoff characteristic actual.And this method is exactly to set the program of a cover standard to determine sampling area at such demand, the similar experimental data that when and where guarantees to be done can be used for sharing and contrast, the shortcoming of having avoided a large amount of similar experiments to make the result be difficult to compare because of disunity, thus repeated experiments reduced.
Step 1: at first get three sampling areas, adopt above-mentioned rainwater harvester to sample, before each container is not filled, round a test block runoff water sample synchronously as actual water sample according to 1 square metre, 5 square metres, 10 square metres examinations.
Step 2: the water sample water quality to these four groups of correspondences is measured, and the result compares, and the water quality of representative sample catchment area system is always consistent with reality.In general area is big more more near actual conditions.This method will be looked for is a sampling area of the area minimum that meets the demands.
Step 3: if four groups of results are consistent, the curve of 4 groups of data promptly making on same diagram is tending towards straight line, shows that 1 square metre of minimum sampling area just is enough to carry out the rainfall analysis as the experiment sampling area, and that just chooses 1 square metre of sampling area;
If three groups of results and reality all have than notable difference, significantly fluctuation appears in the curve of promptly making, the sampling area that shows 10 square metres also is not enough to represent actual, area in the selection curve of cyclical fluctuations before the turning point is as minimum catchment area, adding 20 square metres, 40 square metres sampling areas on this basis again does same experiment and analyzes, be tending towards straight line until the curve of making, finally find the minimum area that obvious deviation does not take place.
Step 4: put out the sampling area value that different surface should be chosen respectively in order according to experimental result, be similar experiment accumulation basic data, during need to consider the different influences of implementing the regional gradient, rainfall intensity and extraneous factors such as rainfall and rainfall duration.
Step 5: on the basis of step 4, produce the orthobaric volume of process segmentation collector, realize the standardization experiment, experimental result is used for correlative study man analysis and contrast, reaches experimental data and shares.
No matter apparatus of the present invention and method all are fit to carry out the rainwater acquisition process to natural precipitation, the rainmaking runoff that the face of land forms of still flowing through, and finally all can draw the related science conclusion by comprehensive contrast water quality.
Claims (3)
1. rainwater harvester at different catchment areas, it is characterized in that: comprise rainfall runoff collection pipeline (1) and a plurality of collector (2), rainfall runoff is gathered pipeline (1) and is formed with two sections UNICOMs of horizontal segment by vertical section, vertically the rainfall runoff of section is gathered pipeline (1) upper end and area collection dish (3) UNICOM, the rainfall runoff of horizontal segment gather pipeline (1) simultaneously equally spaced with each collector (2) UNICOM successively.
2. rainwater acquisition method at different catchment areas, it is characterized in that: this method has adopted a kind of rainwater harvester based on the rainfall overall process, this apparatus structure is, comprise rainfall runoff collection pipeline, (1) and a plurality of collector, (2), rainfall runoff is gathered pipeline, (1) forms with two sections UNICOMs of horizontal segment by vertical section, vertically the rainfall runoff of section is gathered pipeline, (1) upper end and area collection dish, (3) UNICOM, the rainfall runoff of horizontal segment is gathered pipeline, (1) while and each collector, (2) UNICOM successively
Utilize above-mentioned device, implement according to following steps:
Step 1, according to implementing area rainfall data for many years, determine average single rainfall amount and maximum rainfall, set the number and the single container collection rainfall degree of depth of collector (2) then according to average single rainfall amount, the gross rainfall degree of depth of all collectors (2) is set according to maximum rainfall;
The volume of step 2, runoff collector (2) is provided with according to rainfall degree of depth mm number, the initial stage runoff is provided with successively at interval according to the 2mm rainfall, be set to 20mm always, what be that collector No.1 gathers is that rainfall produces the initial 0-2mm run-off of runoff, what collector No.2 gathered is that rainfall produces runoff 4mm amount before, collector No.3 gathers is that rainfall produces the amount before the runoff 6mm, and the like, to collector No.10 runoff volume be 20mm; Continue numbering according to the 5mm runoff as increasing progressively unit quantity afterwards, finish until whole runoff collectors (2) setting;
Step 3, implementing the area, with the rainfall runoff of horizontal segment gather pipeline (1) successively with each collector (2) UNICOM, vertical section rainfall runoff is gathered pipeline (1) is connected with area collection dish (3), carry out the rainwater collection.
3. rainwater acquisition method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the area size of the area collection dish (3) in the described step 3 determines that method is:
3.1) at first get three sampling areas according to 1 square metre, 5 square metres, 10 square metres examinations, adopt above-mentioned rainwater harvester to sample, before not filling, each container rounds a test block runoff water sample synchronously as actual water sample;
3.2) the water sample water quality of four groups of correspondences that the last step was obtained measures, and the result is compared, the water quality of representative sample catchment area system is always consistent with reality, a sampling area of the area minimum that searching can meet the demands;
3.3) if four groups of results are consistent, show that 1 square metre of minimum sampling area just is enough to carry out the rainfall analysis as the experiment sampling area, then choose 1 square metre of sampling area;
If three groups of results and reality all have than notable difference, the sampling area that shows 10 square metres also is not enough to represent actual, then need to increase area, add 20 square metres, 40 square metres sampling areas again and do same experiment and analyze, until finding the minimum area that obvious deviation does not take place;
3.4) go out the sampling area value that different surface should be chosen according to interpretation, i.e. the area value of area collection dish (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110001479 CN102156061B (en) | 2011-01-06 | 2011-01-06 | Rainwater collecting device and method for different confluence areas |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110001479 CN102156061B (en) | 2011-01-06 | 2011-01-06 | Rainwater collecting device and method for different confluence areas |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102156061A true CN102156061A (en) | 2011-08-17 |
| CN102156061B CN102156061B (en) | 2013-01-16 |
Family
ID=44437638
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110001479 Expired - Fee Related CN102156061B (en) | 2011-01-06 | 2011-01-06 | Rainwater collecting device and method for different confluence areas |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102156061B (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105716910A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-06-29 | 浙江工业大学 | Multi-channel segmented sampling device for rain water quality analysis |
| CN105784425A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-07-20 | 四川农业大学 | Simple and easy rainfall collection device |
| CN109444992A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-03-08 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of optical profile type rainfall gauge and its system |
| CN109930654A (en) * | 2019-03-30 | 2019-06-25 | 天津大学 | A kind of building roof rainwater pushes back benefit ground water regime |
| CN112213799A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2021-01-12 | 北京建筑大学 | Tandem type precipitation monitoring station and corresponding monitoring method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101013070A (en) * | 2007-01-31 | 2007-08-08 | 南开大学 | Rainfall dustfall time-interval multifunctional automatic sampler |
| CN201241351Y (en) * | 2008-08-04 | 2009-05-20 | 河海大学 | Time-sharing rain collecting device |
| CN201600284U (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2010-10-06 | 武汉东湖天康科技有限公司 | Automatic sampler of rainwater in radiation environment |
| CN201698040U (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-01-05 | 长沙湘蓝科学仪器有限公司 | Automatic raining monitoring instrument |
-
2011
- 2011-01-06 CN CN 201110001479 patent/CN102156061B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101013070A (en) * | 2007-01-31 | 2007-08-08 | 南开大学 | Rainfall dustfall time-interval multifunctional automatic sampler |
| CN201241351Y (en) * | 2008-08-04 | 2009-05-20 | 河海大学 | Time-sharing rain collecting device |
| CN201600284U (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2010-10-06 | 武汉东湖天康科技有限公司 | Automatic sampler of rainwater in radiation environment |
| CN201698040U (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-01-05 | 长沙湘蓝科学仪器有限公司 | Automatic raining monitoring instrument |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105716910A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-06-29 | 浙江工业大学 | Multi-channel segmented sampling device for rain water quality analysis |
| CN105784425A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-07-20 | 四川农业大学 | Simple and easy rainfall collection device |
| CN109444992A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-03-08 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of optical profile type rainfall gauge and its system |
| CN109444992B (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2023-08-15 | 南京信息工程大学 | Optical type rain gauge and system thereof |
| CN109930654A (en) * | 2019-03-30 | 2019-06-25 | 天津大学 | A kind of building roof rainwater pushes back benefit ground water regime |
| CN112213799A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2021-01-12 | 北京建筑大学 | Tandem type precipitation monitoring station and corresponding monitoring method |
| CN112213799B (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2023-08-22 | 北京建筑大学 | Tandem precipitation monitoring station and corresponding monitoring method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102156061B (en) | 2013-01-16 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109492259B (en) | Urban hydrologic simulation system | |
| CN102156061B (en) | Rainwater collecting device and method for different confluence areas | |
| CN102567635B (en) | Method for quantificationally distinguishing contributions of different factors in water cycle evolution process | |
| CN103955565A (en) | GIS (Geographic Information System) platform-based urban water system construction planning method | |
| CN102141503A (en) | Device and method for testing permeability coefficient of rainwater garden filling | |
| CN103886135B (en) | Two-dimensional unsteady-flow numerical model based power engineering location method | |
| CN113762618B (en) | Lake water level forecasting method based on multi-factor similarity analysis | |
| CN108614915B (en) | Hydrological model free construction strategy method based on scene driving | |
| CN110287615A (en) | A kind of storm runoff measuring method based on remote Sensing Interpretation and rainfall simulation experiment | |
| CN112528563B (en) | Urban waterlogging early warning method based on SVM algorithm | |
| CN109596378B (en) | Arrangement method for atmospheric settlement monitoring points of agricultural ecological system in Sichuan plain | |
| Collet et al. | Integrated modelling to assess long-term water supply capacity of a meso-scale Mediterranean catchment | |
| CN101858107B (en) | Method for designing rainwater treatment and utilization facility | |
| CN110580377A (en) | Grass planting ditch design parameter optimization method based on response surface method | |
| CN110887950A (en) | Soil monitoring point location arrangement and monitoring system and method | |
| CN104345134A (en) | Method for measuring interflow in forest soil | |
| CN105787203A (en) | Method for predicting whether longitude and latitude of cell are abnormal | |
| CN205280581U (en) | System for survey forest litter influences contribution rate to surface runoff element content | |
| CN109000731B (en) | The experimental rig and method that research inlet for stom water chocking-up degree influences water discharged amount | |
| CN116977666A (en) | Evaluation method of greenness space of urban road point cloud data and readable storage medium | |
| CN103631999A (en) | NPP monitoring net sampling design method based on sampling point space-time representativeness | |
| CN115453664A (en) | Rainfall runoff forecasting method suitable for data-free areas | |
| CN104101622A (en) | Method for rapidly detecting concentration of nutrients in rainfall runoffs | |
| Abouabdillah | Hydrological modeling in a data-poor Mediterranean catchment (Merguellil, Tunisia). Assessing scenarios of land management and climate change | |
| CN117892167B (en) | Urban waterlogging agent model construction method replacing numerical simulation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130116 Termination date: 20160106 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |