CN102155855B - Constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger and ice crystal energy storage central air conditioner utilizing same - Google Patents
Constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger and ice crystal energy storage central air conditioner utilizing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102155855B CN102155855B CN201110058784A CN201110058784A CN102155855B CN 102155855 B CN102155855 B CN 102155855B CN 201110058784 A CN201110058784 A CN 201110058784A CN 201110058784 A CN201110058784 A CN 201110058784A CN 102155855 B CN102155855 B CN 102155855B
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of refrigeration and relates to a constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger and an ice crystal energy storage central air conditioner utilizing the same. The constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger is characterized in that an evaporation pipe in a tubular shell, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet form a liquid inlet channel; a channel outside the evaporation pipe of the tubular shell is divided into more than one S-shaped channels, and a backwater channel is formed through a water inlet of a water segregator and a water outlet of a water collector; and the pipeline of a segregation water inlet of the water segregator is provided with an intelligent water inlet valve controlled by a temperature controller. The ice crystal energy storage central air conditioner is characterized in that one end of the liquid inlet channel of the constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger is connected in series with a water feeding pump and an ice crystal heat insulation tank; a radiating tail end of the liquid inlet channel of the constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger and pipelines outside a coil of the constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger are communicated with a backwater opening of the ice crystal heat insulation tank; and an energy storage medium inlet and an energy storage medium outlet of the ice crystal heat insulation tank are respectively communicated with an energy storage medium water inlet and an energy storage medium water outlet of a refrigerating system. The heat exchanger has the beneficial effects that the regulation of blowing temperature of the radiating tail end is scientific and accurate, the energy utilization rate is high, and the heat exchanger is suitable for a large-sized constant temperature and humidity water central air conditioner system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to refrigeration technology field, refer in particular to a kind of constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger and with the ice crystal energy storage central air condition of its making.
Background technology
Existing heat-pump-type water central air conditioner system; Mainly comprise compressor, condenser, expansion valve, evaporimeter, air-conditioning water tank and cooling tower, under cooling condition: the coil pipe-compressor inlet of the coil pipe-expansion valve of compressor outlet-condenser-evaporimeter is connected to form the refrigerant circulatory system with pipeline successively; The outer path of the coil pipe of cooling tower outlet-condenser-cooling tower import is connected to form the cooling recirculation system that refrigerant is cooled off with pipeline successively; The outer path of the coil pipe of insulation jar outlet-evaporimeter-insulation jar import is connected to form accumulation of energy medium circulation system with pipeline successively; Insulation jar-heat radiation end-insulation jar forms the cooling system, and the rotation through fan in this system of accumulation of energy medium exchanges natural wind and the surperficial low-temperature heat of the terminal inner coil pipe that dispels the heat and becomes cold wind and send into indoorly, makes room temperature be minimized.
The maximum deficiency of this heat-pump-type water central air conditioner system is: the structural design of cooling medium cooling system is unreasonable; The temperature that cooling medium in the air-conditioning water tank is sent into the terminal cooling medium of heat radiation through conduit is non-adjustable; And the terminal temperature level that blows out cold wind that discharges at last of heat radiation can only be adjusted through the rotating speed of the fan in the control heat radiation end; Adjustment and control inaccurate not science, capacity usage ratio is low, can not desire with the people.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of blowing temperature adjustment constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger that science is accurate, capacity usage ratio is high that dispels the heat terminal and with the ice crystal energy storage central air condition of its making.
The objective of the invention is to realize like this:
The constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger; Be respectively arranged with left and right location end cap at the two ends of tubular shell; Left and right positioning end covers correspondence and is provided with the circular hole that is uniformly distributed with; The two ends of the evaporation tube in the tubular shell are installed on the circular hole that left and right positioning end covers; The outside of location, left side end cap is sealedly connected with the lid that refluxes and forms back cavity; The outside of right location end cap is sealedly connected with the liquid in-out lid; The chamber that is provided with between liquid in-out lid and the right location end cap is divided into admission chamber and returns sap cavity through central partition plate, with admission chamber with return the corresponding liquid in-out of sap cavity and cover inlet and the liquid return hole that is respectively arranged with the liquor charging pipeline, inlet successively through admission chamber, the evaporation tube that is communicated with admission chamber and back cavity, back cavity, reach back evaporation tube, time sap cavity that sap cavity is communicated with back cavity and be communicated with liquid return hole; In tubular shell, perpendicular to the axis of tubular shell the cavity between tubular shell inwall and the evaporation tube outer wall is divided into more than one S shape flow-guiding channel with the diaphragm more than a group; Be respectively arranged with the branch water inlet and branch delivery port on liquid back pipe road on the tubular shell wall of S shape flow-guiding channel two ends correspondence, all branch water inlets are communicated with the inner chamber of the water knockout drum that has water inlet, and all branch delivery ports are communicated with the inner chamber of the water collector that has delivery port; On the pipeline of branch water inlet the intelligent water intaking valve with temperature controller control is installed, refluxing to cover is equipped with the draining safety valve that is communicated with back cavity.
Above-mentioned be tightly connected for: location, left side end cap is provided with sealing gasket with the junction of the lid that refluxes, and right location end cap is provided with sealing gasket with the junction of liquid in-out lid and central partition plate, and liquid in-out covers and central partition plate is an integral structure.
The above-mentioned circular hole that is uniformly distributed with is: the distance between the circle center line connecting of adjacent two circular holes equates.
Above-mentioned evaporation tube is copper pipe or heat-exchange tube.
Ice crystal energy storage central air condition with the making of constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger; Is communicated with the inner chamber of ice crystal insulation jar behind one end of the inlet of the described constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger series connection conveying pump, the other end in the coil pipe of constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger pipeline successively with the terminal coil pipe of heat radiation in pipeline, the water inlet of constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger, the outer pipeline of coil pipe of constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger, the delivery port of constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger and the water return outlet that ice crystal is incubated jar be communicated with; The accumulation of energy medium of ice crystal insulation jar is imported and exported and is communicated with the accumulation of energy medium intake-outlet of refrigeration system respectively, and water inlet pipe end and the refrigeration system that conveying pump extend into ice crystal insulation jar inner chamber connects and extend into an ice crystal insulation jar interior water inlet pipe end behind the accumulation of energy water pump and be respectively arranged with one-way cock.
Above-mentioned refrigeration system comprises: accumulation of energy medium circulation loop, refrigerant closed circuit and cooling medium closed circuit; The accumulation of energy medium in accumulation of energy medium circulation loop is imported and exported and is stretched out outside the evaporimeter; The return-air mouth of refrigerant closed circuit is communicated with the inlet of evaporimeter after utilizing conduit to be communicated with compressor, condenser, supplying valve, device for drying and filtering, liquid supply electromagnetic valve, heating power expansion valve successively; The cooling medium of condenser is imported and exported and is in series with cooling tower and cooling water pump through conduit, and the temperature-sensitive head of described heating power expansion valve is installed on the conduit outer wall at return-air mouth place of evaporimeter.
An above-mentioned ice crystal insulation jar interior accumulation of energy medium is the ice crystal water below 0 ℃.
Above-mentioned ice crystal is incubated in the jar and with partition wall an ice crystal insulation jar inner chamber is divided into S type flow-guiding channel, and liquid is drawn from end introducing, the other end of S type flow-guiding channel.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the blowing temperature adjustment science of heat radiation end is accurate: the quantity and the valve opening of dividing intelligent water intaking valve on the water inlet in the water return pipeline of the present invention through constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger in the control cooling medium cooling system; Can directly regulate the temperature that gets into the cooling medium in the heat radiation end; And then control the fan air themperature and the humidity that blow out, the simple science of method of adjustment.
3, capacity usage ratio is high: when needs are heightened room temperature; The quantity of adjustable big intelligent water intaking valve and valve opening; Carry out heat exchange through a cooling medium that gets into the constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger and a cooling medium that flows back in the ice crystal insulation jar; Make the terminal water return pipeline of heat radiation that unwanted cooling medium is brought back in the ice crystal insulation jar, unnecessary energy is reclaimed timely, and capacity usage ratio is high.
4, the present invention is applicable to the water central air conditioner system of more large-scale constant temperature and humidity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural principle cutaway view of constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural principle sketch map of ice crystal energy storage central air condition of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further described with specific embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, referring to Fig. 1-2:
The constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger; Be respectively arranged with left and right location end cap 2a, 2b at the two ends of tubular shell 1; Left and right location end cap 2a, the last correspondence of 2b are provided with the circular hole that is uniformly distributed with; The two ends of the evaporation tube 10 in the tubular shell 1 are installed on the last circular hole of left and right location end cap 2a, 2b; The outside of location, left side end cap 2a is sealedly connected with to reflux covers 3 formation back cavity 3a; The outside of right location end cap 2b is sealedly connected with liquid in-out lid 4; The chamber that is provided with between liquid in-out lid 4 and the right location end cap 2b is divided into admission chamber 4a and returns sap cavity 4b through central partition plate 5; With the inlet 6 and liquid return hole 7 that are respectively arranged with the liquor charging pipeline on the corresponding liquid in-out lid 4 of admission chamber 4a and time sap cavity 4b; Inlet 6 successively through admission chamber 4a, the evaporation tube 10 that is communicated with admission chamber 4a and back cavity 3a, back cavity 3a, reach back evaporation tube 10, time sap cavity 4b that sap cavity 4b is communicated with back cavity 3a and be communicated with liquid return hole 7, in tubular shell 1, perpendicular to the axis of tubular shell 1 cavity between tubular shell 1 inwall and evaporation tube 10 outer walls is divided into more than one S shape flow-guiding channel with the diaphragm more than a group, be respectively arranged with the branch water inlet 15 and the branch delivery port 17 on liquid back pipe road on tubular shell 1 wall of S shape flow-guiding channel two ends correspondence; All branch water inlets 15 are communicated with the inner chamber of the water knockout drum that has water inlet 14 13; All branch delivery ports 17 are communicated with the inner chamber of the water collector that has delivery port 19 18, on the pipeline of branch water inlet 15 the intelligent water intaking valve 16 with temperature controller control are installed, and refluxing to cover is equipped with the draining safety valve 25 that is communicated with back cavity 3a on 3.
Above-mentioned being tightly connected to: location, a left side end cap 2a cover 3 junction and is provided with sealing gasket 9a with refluxing, right location end cap 2b is provided with sealing gasket 9b with the junction of liquid in-out lid 4 and central partition plate 5, liquid in-out cover 4 and central partition plate 5 be integral structure.
The above-mentioned circular hole that is uniformly distributed with is: the distance between the circle center line connecting of adjacent two circular holes equates.
Above-mentioned evaporation tube 10 is coil pipe or other heat-exchange tube that copper pipe is made, for example the coil pipe made of aluminum pipe or aluminium-alloy pipe etc.
Ice crystal energy storage central air condition with the making of constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger; The inner chamber of one end of the inlet of described constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger 50 series connection conveying pump, 50 backs and ice crystal insulation jars 53 is communicated with, the other end in the coil pipe of constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger 50 pipeline successively with the coil pipe of heat radiation terminal 51 in outside the coil pipe of water inlet, constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger 50 of pipeline, constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger 50 pipeline, the delivery port of constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger 50 and the water return outlet that ice crystal is incubated jar 53 be communicated with; The accumulation of energy medium of ice crystal insulation jars 53 is imported and exported and is communicated with the accumulation of energy medium intake-outlet of refrigeration system respectively, and water inlet pipe end and the refrigeration system that conveying pump 50 extend into ice crystal insulation jar 53 inner chambers connects and extend into ice crystal insulation jar 53 interior water inlet pipe ends behind the accumulation of energy water pump 65 and be respectively arranged with one-way cock 54,55.
Above-mentioned refrigeration system comprises: accumulation of energy medium circulation loop, refrigerant closed circuit and cooling medium closed circuit; The accumulation of energy medium in accumulation of energy medium circulation loop is imported and exported and is stretched out outside the evaporimeter 61; The return-air mouth of refrigerant closed circuit is communicated with the inlet of evaporimeter 61 after utilizing conduit to be communicated with compressor 62, condenser 71, supplying valve 68, device for drying and filtering 67, liquid supply electromagnetic valve 66, heating power expansion valve 64 successively; The cooling medium of condenser 71 is imported and exported and is in series with cooling tower 70 and cooling water pump 69 through conduit, and the temperature-sensitive head 63 of described heating power expansion valve 64 is installed on the conduit outer wall at return-air mouth place of evaporimeter 61.
Above-mentioned ice crystal insulation jar 53 interior accumulation of energy media are the ice crystal water below 0 ℃.
With partition wall 531 ice crystal insulation jar 53 inner chambers are divided into S type flow-guiding channel in the above-mentioned ice crystal insulation jar 53; Liquid is drawn from an end 532 introducings, the other end 533 of S type flow-guiding channel; Make the liquid in the ice crystal insulation jars 53 become flowing liquid, the liquid of drawing from the exit 533 of the S type flow-guiding channel of ice crystal insulation jars 53 be always in the ice crystal insulation jars 53 than cold junction.
Operation principle of the present invention: under cooling condition: coil pipe-compressor 62 imports of compressor 62 outlet-condenser 71-supplying valve 68-device for drying and filtering 67-liquid supply electromagnetic valve 66-expansion valve 65-evaporimeters 61 are connected to form the refrigerant circulatory system with pipeline successively; The outer path of the coil pipe of cooling tower 70 outlet-cooling water pump 69-condensers 71-cooling tower import is connected to form the but circulatory system of the water-cooled of refrigerant with pipeline successively; The outer path of coil pipe of ice crystal insulation jar 53 outlet-evaporimeters 61-ice crystal insulation jar 53 imports are connected to form accumulation of energy medium circulation system with pipeline successively; Ice crystal insulation jar 53-constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger 50 coil pipes inner gateway-outer path of the terminal 51-constant temperature and humidity of heat radiation heat exchanger 50 a coil pipes-ice crystal insulation jar 53 forms the cooling circulatory system; The accumulation of energy medium converts cold wind to through the rotation of the fan low-temperature heat exchange that natural wind and the terminal inner coil pipe of heat radiation is surperficial and sends into indoor in this system; Make room temperature be minimized; Its maximum characteristics are: the more than one S shape flow-guiding channel of constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger 50, be arranged on S shape flow-guiding channel two ends branch water inlet 15 with divide delivery port 17 and be connected the intelligent water intaking valve 16 on each minute water inlet 15; Can control the circulation path of accumulation of energy medium in constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger 50 that is back in the ice crystal insulation jar 53 through controlling intelligent water intaking valve 16; And then the heat exchange degree of control accumulation of energy medium in constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger 50; Unwanted cold energy is taken back in the ice crystal insulation jar 53; Promptly control the accurate, timely of temperature adjustment effectively, recovered energy during postscript, made capacity usage ratio of the present invention high.
The foregoing description is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not to limit protection scope of the present invention according to this, so: all equivalences of doing according to structure of the present invention, shape, principle change, and all should be covered by within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the ice crystal energy storage central air condition made from the constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger; It is characterized in that: the two ends at the tubular shell of constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger are respectively arranged with left and right location end cap; Left and right positioning end covers correspondence and is provided with the circular hole that is uniformly distributed with; The two ends of the evaporation tube in the tubular shell are installed on the circular hole that left and right positioning end covers; The outside of location, left side end cap is sealedly connected with the lid that refluxes and forms back cavity; The outside of right location end cap is sealedly connected with the liquid in-out lid; The chamber that is provided with between liquid in-out lid and the right location end cap is divided into admission chamber and returns sap cavity through central partition plate, with admission chamber with return the corresponding liquid in-out of sap cavity and cover inlet and the liquid return hole that is respectively arranged with the liquor charging pipeline, inlet successively through admission chamber, the evaporation tube that is communicated with admission chamber and back cavity, back cavity, reach back evaporation tube, time sap cavity that sap cavity is communicated with back cavity and be communicated with liquid return hole; In tubular shell, perpendicular to the axis of tubular shell the cavity between tubular shell inwall and the evaporation tube outer wall is divided into more than one S shape flow-guiding channel with the diaphragm more than a group; Be respectively arranged with the branch water inlet and branch delivery port on liquid back pipe road on the tubular shell wall of S shape flow-guiding channel two ends correspondence, all branch water inlets are communicated with the inner chamber of the water knockout drum that has water inlet, and all branch delivery ports are communicated with the inner chamber of the water collector that has delivery port; On the pipeline of branch water inlet the intelligent water intaking valve with temperature controller control is installed, refluxing to cover is equipped with the draining safety valve that is communicated with back cavity; Said evaporation tube is a coil pipe;
Is communicated with the inner chamber of ice crystal insulation jar behind the inlet of one end of the described constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger series connection conveying pump, the pipeline in the coil pipe of constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger through liquid return hole successively with the terminal coil pipe of heat radiation in pipeline, the water inlet of constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger, outer pipeline, the delivery port of constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger and the water return outlet UNICOM that ice crystal is incubated jar of coil pipe of constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger; The accumulation of energy medium of ice crystal insulation jar is imported and exported and is communicated with the accumulation of energy medium intake-outlet of refrigeration system respectively; The water inlet pipe end that conveying pump extend into ice crystal insulation jar inner chamber is provided with one-way cock; And refrigeration system connects an end of accumulation of energy water pump, and the other end of accumulation of energy water pump extend into an ice crystal insulation jar interior water inlet pipe end and is provided with one-way cock.
2. ice crystal energy storage central air condition according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described be tightly connected for: left side location end cap is provided with sealing gasket with the junction of the lid that refluxes; The junction of right location end cap and liquid in-out lid and central partition plate is provided with sealing gasket, and the liquid in-out lid is an integral structure with central partition plate.
3. ice crystal energy storage central air condition according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described circular hole that is uniformly distributed with is: the distance between the circle center line connecting of adjacent two circular holes equates.
4. ice crystal energy storage central air condition according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described evaporation tube is a heat-exchange tube.
5. ice crystal energy storage central air condition according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described evaporation tube is a copper pipe.
6. ice crystal energy storage central air condition according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described refrigeration system comprises: accumulation of energy medium circulation loop, refrigerant closed circuit and cooling medium closed circuit; The accumulation of energy medium in accumulation of energy medium circulation loop is imported and exported and is stretched out outside the evaporimeter; The return-air mouth of refrigerant closed circuit is communicated with the inlet of evaporimeter after utilizing conduit to be communicated with compressor, condenser, supplying valve, device for drying and filtering, liquid supply electromagnetic valve, heating power expansion valve successively; The cooling medium of condenser is imported and exported and is in series with cooling tower and cooling water pump through conduit, and the temperature-sensitive head of described heating power expansion valve is installed on the conduit outer wall at return-air mouth place of evaporimeter.
7. ice crystal energy storage central air condition according to claim 1 is characterized in that: a described ice crystal insulation jar interior accumulation of energy medium is the ice crystal water below 0 ℃.
8. ice crystal energy storage central air condition according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described ice crystal is incubated in the jar and with partition wall an ice crystal insulation jar inner chamber is divided into S type flow-guiding channel, and liquid is drawn from end introducing, the other end of S type flow-guiding channel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110058784A CN102155855B (en) | 2011-03-11 | 2011-03-11 | Constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger and ice crystal energy storage central air conditioner utilizing same |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110058784A CN102155855B (en) | 2011-03-11 | 2011-03-11 | Constant temperature and humidity heat exchanger and ice crystal energy storage central air conditioner utilizing same |
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| CN102155855A CN102155855A (en) | 2011-08-17 |
| CN102155855B true CN102155855B (en) | 2012-10-10 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109489152A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-03-19 | 安徽科恩新能源有限公司 | A kind of composite energy accumulated system based on earth source heat pump Yu the accumulation of energy of multi-groove type water |
| CN113074473B (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2022-06-28 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | Consumable evaporation refrigerating device and using method |
| CN113310250A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-27 | 威玛自动化设备常熟有限公司 | Tubular heat exchanger for food production |
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2011
- 2011-03-11 CN CN201110058784A patent/CN102155855B/en active Active
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| EP0017105A1 (en) * | 1979-03-30 | 1980-10-15 | Hans Hauptmann | Solar-energy water heater |
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| CN102155855A (en) | 2011-08-17 |
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