Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the above-mentioned shortcoming and defect of prior art, a kind of portable weldering pen of cheapness is provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of portable weldering pen comprises pencil, inner filling thermite, and the pencil head is provided with igniter head, between igniter head and the thermite section of igniting is arranged, and the pencil afterbody has externally threaded bare terminal end sealing with an end; The composition of said igniter head is a red phosphorus, and the section of igniting adopts the exothermic welding pyrophoric powder, and the composition of said thermite comprises exothermic agent, slag former and alloying constituent three parts, and the composition of exothermic agent is: CuO powder 60~70wt%, Al powder 15~20wt%; The composition of slag former is: CaF
2Powder 4~8wt%, CaSO
4Powder 5~7wt%; The alloying constituent composition is: ferromanganese powder 1~3wt%, ferronickel powder 2~4wt%.
Wherein the CuO powder is industrial copper scale, and oxygenation efficiency is 70~80%.The content of Mn is 88wt% in the ferromanganese powder, and the content of Fe is 10wt%, and all the other are impurity; The content of Ni is 55wt% in the ferronickel powder, and the content of Fe is 43wt%, and all the other are impurity.All thermite raw material particle sizes are all between 150 orders~200 orders.
Above-mentioned portable weldering pen also comprises pen container, and the pen container diameter is than the big 1~2mm of pencil, and length is than the long 4~5mm of pencil, and pen container one end has the internal thread that matches with the external screw thread of bare terminal end.Pen container is enclosed within the pencil outside when weldering pen does not use, during use, extract pen container out, through cooperating quickly and easily between the external screw thread of internal thread on the pen container and pencil afterbody bare terminal end, can play a part fixing and supports the weldering pen.
The preparation flow of portable weldering pen is following: dry each raw material 6~8 hours in electric heating constant temperature air dry oven (T=80 ℃) (1); (2) take by weighing each raw material by said mass percent, in high speed mixer, mix, make thermite; (3) loading thermite in diameter is 11~14mm, and length is in the papery pencil 1 of 150~200mm, and an end is installed the section of igniting and igniter head, and the other end is installed the bare terminal end sealing; (4) with the pencil big 1~2mm of diameter that packs into, in the pen container of the long 4~5mm of length, the weldering pen is promptly processed.
The sparking mode of weldering pen is three grades of igniting.Promptly by match or lighter firing point duration and degree of heating, light the section of igniting after igniter head burning, the section of the igniting thermite that ignites again.Reason is that thermite generation thermit reaction needs higher temperature, and the temperature that common fireworks and firecrackers powder burning produces can not cause thermit reaction, has only the commercially available special-purpose exothermic welding of the employing Duan Caineng that ignites to ignite.And the special-purpose exothermic welding section of igniting can not be lighted by match or lighter, can only adopt the higher spray gun of flame combustion temperature, but spray gun is not easy to carry.Make igniter head so designed the red phosphorus consistent with the employed medicine component of common match end.The medicament of igniter head all adds bonding agent with the section of igniting of the section of igniting, and briquet is convenient to assembling.
The method for using of weldering pen is pencil to be extracted out from pen container, and be screwed in pen container on the bare terminal end; Grasp pen container, the weldering pen is aimed at workpiece position to be welded or to be cut, with match or lighter firing point duration and degree of heating; Through 2~3 seconds, the section of igniting caused thermite generation thermit reaction.During welding; Welding direction adopts hypsokinesis, and the welding inclination angle is about 70 °, and welding rod flame long (welding rod front end burning point is apart from the distance on mother metal surface) is controlled at about 5mm; Speed of welding is at 7-9mm/s; Utilize huge heat that welding rod burning emits as welding heat source, the alloy of generation is accomplished the welding between workpiece as deposited metal; During cutting, make a weldering combustion flame be close to place to be cut, utilize huge heat that thermite generation thermit reaction emits with metal molten, the air-flow that reaction produces dashes molten metal and removes, and accomplishes cutting.Steel plate and the copper coin of prior art level of the present invention below can throat thickness 5mm can cut the metal bar of thick metallic plate of 20mm and 30mm diameter.
The present invention has following beneficial effect and advantage compared with prior art:
(1) the thermite composition of a weldering core is simple, the uniformity and the repeatability that are easy to guarantee to weld cutting effect.Simultaneously, the composition of thermite is taken from industrial waste or other industry material commonly used, and cartridge case, the shaft of a writing brush, bare terminal end, igniter head, the section of igniting of weldering pen are also selected common material for use, and be cheap;
(2) hybrid technique of thermite is simple, replaces ball mill with high speed mixer, and is efficient convenient;
(3) the unique screw thread design of the shaft of a writing brush and bare terminal end makes the time swift to operate security the when length of the shaft of a writing brush has increased operation;
(4) the portion C aSO in the slag former
4Bigger heat is emitted in powder and the reaction of Al powder, strengthens the flowability of welding pool;
(5) adopt industrial ferromanganese powder commonly used and ferronickel powder to replace pure manganese and pure nickel, significantly reduce a weldering cost as alloying constituent.
The specific embodiment
A kind of portable weldering pen comprises pencil 1, inner filling thermite 2, and the pencil head is provided with igniter head 3, between igniter head 3 and the thermite 2 section of igniting 4 is arranged, and the pencil afterbody has externally threaded bare terminal end 5 sealings with an end; The composition of said igniter head 3 is a red phosphorus, and the section of igniting 4 adopts the exothermic welding pyrophoric powder, and the composition of said thermite 2 comprises exothermic agent, slag former and alloying constituent three parts, and the composition of exothermic agent is: CuO powder 60~70wt%, Al powder 15~20wt%; The composition of slag former is: CaF
2Powder 4~8wt%, CaSO
4Powder 5~7wt%; The alloying constituent composition is: ferromanganese powder 1~3wt%, ferronickel powder 2~4wt%.
The composition and the selection of a weldering each several part the reasons are as follows:
Thermite is the core of weldering pen, by CuO powder, Al powder, CaF
2Powder, CaSO
4Additive commonly used in the metallurgical industry such as powder, ferromanganese powder, ferronickel powder is formed, to reduce a weldering manufacturing cost as far as possible.Wherein the CuO powder is industrial copper scale, and the particle top layer is oxidized, and heart portion still is a metallic copper, and oxygenation efficiency is 70~80%.The content of Mn is 88wt% in the ferromanganese powder, and the content of Fe is 10wt%, and all the other are impurity; The content of Ni is 55wt% in the ferronickel powder, and the content of Fe is 43wt%, and all the other are impurity.All thermite raw material particle sizes are all between 150 orders~200 orders.
Portable weldering pen has utilized the basic principle of thermit reaction, and the effect of exothermic agent is exactly that violent chemical reaction-thermit reaction, 3CuO+2Al=Al take place in the thermite
2O
3+ 3Cu, the portion C aSO in the slag former simultaneously
4With Al following reaction, 3CaSO take place also
4+ 8Al=3CaS+4Al
2O
3, emit huge heat, the thermal source during as welding and cutting is with the fusing of welding base metal commissure, with the cutting member burn through.Generate molten metal Cu simultaneously,, be filled in the commissure and solidify back completion welding as deposited metal.The effect of slag former is the high-melting-point Al that generates with thermit reaction
2O
3Complicated metallurgical reaction takes place, and reduces Al
2O
3Activity, finally form fusing point low (fusing point less than by weldering melting point metal), density little (density is less than the density of liquid metal, in order to come-up), be not dissolved in the liquid metal, have a suitable CaF of good venting quality, viscosity and surface tension
2-CaSO
4-Al
2O
3The welding slag system, the realization welding slag effectively separates with the weld seam liquid alloy, and the welding slag that separates the modest viscosity of back formation covers top, weld seam molten bath, prevents the aerial oxidation of weld metal.Simultaneously, slag former has reduced the severe of thermit reaction, makes weldering pen burning steadily, burning velocity in controlled scope, easy operating.Alloying constituent plays the alloying effect, in weld metal, adds suitable alloying element, has good mechanical performance and other properties (as wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, heat-resisting etc.) to guarantee welding point, or the scaling loss of additional mother metal alloying element in welding process.Ni and Fe can increase the wetting of weld seam alloy and mother metal, and Ni can also increase the corrosion resistance of weld seam, and Mn can improve the intensity of weld seam.
The pen container of weldering pen adopts the pvc pipe with higher-strength to process, and an end is with the sealing of plastics disk, and the other end is designed with internal thread, matches with the external screw thread of bare terminal end.Pen container on the one hand can be carried out protection to the lower papery pencil of intensity, and convenient the storage and transportation can prevent that on the other hand igniter head accident from igniting, and prevents the generation of accident.And during the welding cutting operation, the pen container extraction is screwed on the bare terminal end, bare terminal end and pen container landing when preventing to hold pen container have increased the distance of operator's hand from a weldering combustion flame simultaneously, have improved security.Bare terminal end also adopts common plastics to make, and pencil also only gets final product with general newspaper, reduces to the cost of manufacture of weldering pen minimum.
The present invention will be described below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, helps to understand better the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of portable weldering pen, thermite is made up of exothermic agent, slag former and alloying constituent three parts.Each composition of exothermic agent and ratio are: CuO powder: 60wt%, Al powder: 20 wt%; Each component ratio of slag former is: CaF
2Powder: 8wt%, CaSO
4Powder: 5wt%; Each composition of alloying constituent and ratio are: ferromanganese 3wt%, ferronickel 4wt%.All between 150 orders~200 orders, wherein the CuO powder is industrial copper scale to each powder granularity, and the particle top layer is oxidized, and heart portion still is a metallic copper, and oxygenation efficiency is 70%.At first take by weighing each composition according to above-mentioned percentage, oven dry is 6 hours in electric heating constant temperature air dry oven (T=80 ℃).Mixed 1 minute at high speed mixer then, promptly obtain thermite 2; It is 11mm that thermite 2 is inserted diameter, and length is in the papery pencil 1 of 150mm, at an end of pencil the section of igniting 4 and igniter head 3 is installed, and the other end is installed heat-resisting plastics bare terminal end 5; To be processed by pvc pipe, diameter is 12.5mm, and length is that the pen container 6 of 155mm is enclosed within on the pencil 2, and the weldering pen is promptly accused and processed, and sketch map is shown in accompanying drawing.
To two block specifications is that the Q235 steel plate of 100mm * 40mm * 3mm carries out dull and stereotyped butt welding; Pencil is extracted out from pen container, and be screwed in pen container on the bare terminal end, grasp pen container; The weldering pen is aimed at workpiece position to be welded; With match firing point duration and degree of heating, through 2 seconds, the section of igniting caused thermite generation thermit reaction.During welding, welding direction adopts hypsokinesis, and the welding inclination angle is about 70 °, and welding rod flame length is controlled at about 5mm, and speed of welding is about 7mm/s.Welding finishes, and the steel plate positive and negative is all by through welding, the face of weld smooth, and width is even, and it is good to be shaped.
Embodiment 2
A kind of portable weldering pen, thermite is made up of exothermic agent, slag former and alloying constituent three parts.Each composition of exothermic agent and ratio are: CuO powder: 68wt%, Al powder: 17 wt%; Each component ratio of slag former is: CaF
2Powder: 5wt%, CaSO
4Powder: 7wt%; Each composition of alloying constituent and ratio are: ferromanganese 1wt%, ferronickel 2wt%.All between 150 orders~200 orders, wherein the CuO powder is industrial copper scale to each powder granularity, and the particle top layer is oxidized, and heart portion still is a metallic copper, and oxygenation efficiency is 75%.At first take by weighing each composition according to above-mentioned percentage, oven dry is 7 hours in electric heating constant temperature air dry oven (T=80 ℃).Mixed 1 minute at high speed mixer then, promptly obtain thermite 2; It is 13mm that thermite 2 is inserted diameter, and length is in the papery pencil 1 of 170mm, at an end of pencil the section of igniting 4 and igniter head 3 is installed, and the other end is installed heat-resisting plastics bare terminal end 5; To be processed by pvc pipe, diameter is 14mm, and length is that the pen container 6 of 174mm is enclosed within on the pencil 2, and the weldering pen is promptly accused and processed, and sketch map is shown in accompanying drawing.
To two block specifications is that the Q235 steel plate of 100mm * 40mm * 5mm carries out dull and stereotyped butt welding; Pencil is extracted out from pen container, and be screwed in pen container on the bare terminal end, grasp pen container; The weldering pen is aimed at workpiece position to be welded; With lighter firing point duration and degree of heating, through 3 seconds, the section of igniting caused thermite generation thermit reaction.During welding, welding direction adopts hypsokinesis, and the welding inclination angle is about 70 °, and welding rod flame length is controlled at about 5mm, and speed of welding is about 7mm/s.Welding finishes, and the steel plate positive and negative is all by through welding, the face of weld smooth, and width is even, and it is good to be shaped.
Embodiment 3
A kind of portable weldering pen, thermite is made up of exothermic agent, slag former and alloying constituent three parts.Each composition of exothermic agent and ratio are: CuO powder: 70wt%, Al powder: 15wt%; Each component ratio of slag former is: CaF
2Powder: 4wt%, CaSO
4Powder: 6wt%; Each composition of alloying constituent and ratio are: ferromanganese 2wt%, ferronickel 3wt%.All between 150 orders~200 orders, wherein the CuO powder is industrial copper scale to each powder granularity, and the particle top layer is oxidized, and heart portion still is a metallic copper, and oxygenation efficiency is 80%.At first take by weighing each composition according to above-mentioned percentage, oven dry is 8 hours in electric heating constant temperature air dry oven (T=80 ℃).Mixed 1 minute at high speed mixer then, promptly obtain thermite 2; It is 14mm that thermite 2 is inserted diameter, and length is in the papery pencil 1 of 200mm, at an end of pencil the section of igniting 4 and igniter head 3 is installed, and the other end is installed heat-resisting plastics bare terminal end 5; To be processed by pvc pipe, diameter is 16mm, and length is that the pen container 6 of 205mm is enclosed within on the pencil 2, and the weldering pen is promptly accused and processed, and sketch map is shown in accompanying drawing.
To two block specifications is that the copper coin of 100mm * 40mm * 5mm carries out dull and stereotyped butt welding; Pencil is extracted out from pen container, and be screwed in pen container on the bare terminal end, grasp pen container; The weldering pen is aimed at workpiece position to be welded; With match firing point duration and degree of heating, through 2 seconds, the section of igniting caused thermite generation thermit reaction.During welding, welding direction adopts hypsokinesis, and the welding inclination angle is about 70 °, and welding rod flame length is controlled at about 5mm, and speed of welding is about 7mm/s.Welding finishes, and the copper coin positive and negative is all by through welding, the face of weld smooth, and width is even, and it is good to be shaped.
Embodiment 4
A kind of portable weldering pen, thermite is made up of exothermic agent, slag former and alloying constituent three parts.Each composition of exothermic agent and ratio are: CuO powder: 70wt%, Al powder: 15wt%; Each component ratio of slag former is: CaF
2Powder: 4wt%, CaSO
4Powder: 6wt%; Each composition of alloying constituent and ratio are: ferromanganese 2wt%, ferronickel 3wt%.All between 150 orders~200 orders, wherein the CuO powder is industrial copper scale to each powder granularity, and the particle top layer is oxidized, and heart portion still is a metallic copper, and oxygenation efficiency is 77%.At first take by weighing each composition according to above-mentioned percentage, oven dry is 8 hours in electric heating constant temperature air dry oven (T=80 ℃).Mixed 1 minute at high speed mixer then, promptly obtain thermite 2; It is 14mm that thermite 2 is inserted diameter, and length is in the papery pencil 1 of 200mm, at an end of pencil the section of igniting 4 and igniter head 3 is installed, and the other end is installed heat-resisting plastics bare terminal end 5; To be processed by pvc pipe, diameter is 16mm, and length is that the pen container 6 of 205mm is enclosed within on the pencil 2, and the weldering pen is promptly accused and processed, and sketch map is shown in accompanying drawing.
To diameter is 20mm, and length is that the reinforcing bar of 200mm cuts, and the reinforcing bar level is erected placement.Pen container is extracted out, be screwed on the bare terminal end, grasp pen container, will weld pen and aim at reinforcing bar; With lighter firing point duration and degree of heating, through 2 seconds, the section of igniting caused thermite generation thermit reaction; At this moment make the cutting pen combustion flame be close to reinforcing bar place to be cut, through 6 seconds, reinforcing bar is cut off.
Embodiment 5
A kind of portable weldering pen, thermite is made up of exothermic agent, slag former and alloying constituent three parts.Each composition of exothermic agent and ratio are: CuO powder: 68wt%, Al powder: 17 wt%; Each component ratio of slag former is: CaF
2Powder: 5wt%, CaSO
4Powder: 7wt%; Each composition of alloying constituent and ratio are: ferromanganese 1wt%, ferronickel 2wt%.All between 150 orders~200 orders, wherein the CuO powder is industrial copper scale to each powder granularity, and the particle top layer is oxidized, and heart portion still is a metallic copper, and oxygenation efficiency is 73%.At first take by weighing each composition according to above-mentioned percentage, oven dry is 7 hours in electric heating constant temperature air dry oven (T=80 ℃).Mixed 1 minute at high speed mixer then, promptly obtain thermite 2; It is 13mm that thermite 2 is inserted diameter, and length is in the papery pencil 1 of 170mm, at an end of pencil the section of igniting 4 and igniter head 3 is installed, and the other end is installed heat-resisting plastics bare terminal end 5; To be processed by pvc pipe, diameter is 14mm, and length is that the pen container 6 of 174mm is enclosed within on the pencil 2, and the weldering pen is promptly accused and processed, and sketch map is shown in accompanying drawing.
The normal carbon steel plate of a 200mm * 120mm * 20mm is carried out the cutting of width, and the steel plate level is erected placement.Pen container is extracted out, be screwed on the bare terminal end, grasp pen container; To weld pen and aim at steel plate, with match firing point duration and degree of heating, through 2 seconds; The section of igniting causes thermite generation thermit reaction, at this moment make a weldering combustion flame be close to steel plate place to be cut, and broad ways slowly moves; Through 20 seconds, steel plate is cut open.