CN102148408B - Method and circuit for cascade compensation balancing of battery pack - Google Patents
Method and circuit for cascade compensation balancing of battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN102148408B CN102148408B CN201110052436.1A CN201110052436A CN102148408B CN 102148408 B CN102148408 B CN 102148408B CN 201110052436 A CN201110052436 A CN 201110052436A CN 102148408 B CN102148408 B CN 102148408B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a circuit for cascade compensation balancing of a battery pack, and the balancing method comprises acquisition of information of the battery pack, processing of the acquired information and implementation of balancing of the battery pack, wherein the implementation of the balancing of the battery pack is as follows: a controller is used for on-off control of a corresponding actuator so as to connect one or more continuous battery units which need to be balanced with a constant current source in series for forming a loop; and the balancing circuit comprises the controller, the constant current source and a plurality of trunk switches and branch switches, wherein the constant current source, the trunk switches and the branch switches are connected with the controller respectively, the plurality of the trunk switches are connected in series and then connected with the constant current source, and two ends of each trunk switch are connected with the battery units through the branch switches in parallel respectively. By adopting the method and the circuit, cascade compensation type balancing can be performed on any one or the plurality of the continuous battery units with lower voltage or smaller capacity in the battery pack, the balancing method for the battery pack is low in cost, non-destructive and active, and the balancing circuit is simple and easy to expand simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of battery pack series compensation equalization methods and circuit, relate in particular to a kind of compensation equalization methods and circuit that is applied to each cell voltage in battery pack or battery capacity.
Background technology
In application scenarios such as energy-accumulating power station, electric automobiles, all need to use series battery, to meet the demand of high voltage, high power capacity.Cell, because the reasons such as production technology cause the difference of each battery capacity and performance, in the process that battery pack is discharged and recharged, will inevitably expand this species diversity; During charging, capacity is little, the battery of poor performance can produce and overcharge phenomenon, and when electric discharge, capacity is little, the battery of poor performance had and puts phenomenon, if things go on like this, will speed up the damage of battery.Therefore, power battery pack need to adopt equalizing circuit with extend the battery pack life-span be the common recognition of Chinese scholars and industry.
Conventional equalization methods has shunt resistance equalization in parallel: as shown in Figure 1, the resistance of a controlled break-make in parallel on each cell, it can play the effect of shunting, the voltage of the each cell of system acquisition, if find, wherein there is monomer battery voltage to exceed after certain threshold value of average voltage, this cell of conducting the resistance that connects and shunt, energy consumes in parallel resistance, the cell faster that charges like this can slow down charging rate, finally makes all batteries can be full of electricity simultaneously.This equalizing circuit advantage is that cost is low, simple, easily realization, and shortcoming is excessive energy loss, is obviously not suitable for high power capacity, high-tension electrokinetic cell application scenario.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of battery pack series compensation equalization methods and circuit, the method can be carried out the equilibrium of series compensation formula to low voltage or capacity battery unit less than normal, it is a kind of battery pack balancing method with low cost, that can't harm, active, equalizing circuit is simple simultaneously, is easy to expansion.The method realizes the equilibrium of battery cell voltage, capacity according to the formulation of different balanced rules, can carry out equilibrium to any one or continuous multiple battery units in battery pack simultaneously, can effectively suppress the super-charge super-discharge phenomenon of battery unit in series battery, within the shortest time, improve the consistency of battery unit.
For addressing the above problem, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of battery pack series compensation equalization methods, comprise the collection of battery pack information, the processing of Information Monitoring, battery pack balancing is realized, being treated to by battery pack information being processed obtain of described Information Monitoring needs balanced battery unit information, described battery pack balancing is embodied as the break-make of controller control respective actuators, make to need balanced one or more continuous battery unit and constant-current source to be connected into loop, and by constant-current source, the battery unit of needs equilibrium is carried out to energy compensating, described battery unit is in parallel or be in series by one or more cells, and each battery unit attribute is consistent.
The collection of described battery pack information is by each battery unit information in harvester Real-time Collection series battery or obtains by communication modes, and battery unit information is fed back to information process unit; The processing of described Information Monitoring is the battery unit information exchange obtaining to be crossed to balanced regular computing acquisition need balanced battery unit.
Preferably, described battery unit attribute comprises battery base attribute and battery series-parallel connection structure.Battery base attribute comprises battery types, battery nominal capacity, battery nominal voltage; Battery series-parallel connection structure comprises cell parallel quantity and battery series connection progression.
Preferably, described actuator is electronic switch or relay.
A kind of battery pack series compensation equalizing circuit, described equalizing circuit is comprised of controller, constant-current source, several main line switches and branch switch, constant-current source, main line switch and branch switch are connected with controller respectively, after the switch series connection of some main lines, be connected with constant-current source, each main line switch ends is in parallel with battery unit by branch switch respectively.
Preferably, described main line switch and branch switch are electronic switch or relay.
Battery pack series compensation equalization methods provided by the invention and circuit can be applied to the battery pack of all kinds battery composition, the method can be carried out the equilibrium of series compensation formula to low voltage or capacity battery unit less than normal, it is a kind of battery pack balancing method with low cost, that can't harm, active, equalizing circuit is simple simultaneously, is easy to expansion.The method realizes the equilibrium of battery cell voltage, capacity according to the formulation of different balanced rules, can carry out equilibrium to any one or continuous multiple battery units in battery pack simultaneously, can effectively suppress the super-charge super-discharge phenomenon of battery unit in series battery, within the shortest time, improve the consistency of battery unit, extended the useful life of battery pack.The method has the features such as efficiency is high, application is wide, flexibility is large, with low cost, met the needs to the high high voltage large capcity system of reliability requirement such as electric automobile simultaneously, overcome the deficiency of existing equalization methods.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the circuit connection diagram of shunt resistance equalization in parallel in prior art.
Fig. 2 is circuit connection diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the circuit connection diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the working state figure of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, further describe the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 2-4, the present embodiment adopts the battery pack of 6 joint ferric phosphate lithium cell compositions, and battery unit is take a cell as example.Circuit of the present invention is for realizing the series compensation formula equilibrium of battery pack, the circuit of the present embodiment comprises controller, constant-current source, several main line switches and branch switch composition, constant-current source, main line switch and branch switch are connected with controller respectively, after the switch series connection of some main lines, be connected with constant-current source, each main line switch ends is in parallel with battery unit by branch switch respectively.Described branch switch is K11, K21, K31, K41, K51, K61 and K7, main line switch is K12, K22, K32, K42, K52 and K62, after main line K switch 12, K22, K32, K42, K52 and K62 series connection, be connected with the two ends of constant-current source respectively, wherein one end of main line K switch 12 is connected with the first terminals of constant-current source, and one end of main line K switch 62 is connected with the second terminals of constant-current source; The two ends of main line K switch 12 are in parallel with battery Cell1 by branch switch K11 and K21 respectively; The two ends of main line K switch 22 are in parallel with battery Cell2 by branch switch K21 and K31 respectively; The two ends of main line K switch 32 are in parallel with battery Cell3 by branch switch K31 and K41 respectively; The two ends of main line K switch 42 are in parallel with battery Cell4 by branch switch K41 and K51 respectively; The two ends of main line K switch 52 are in parallel with battery Cell5 by branch switch K51 and K61 respectively; The two ends of main line K switch 62 are in parallel with battery Cell6 by branch switch K61 and K7 respectively.
Described controller comprises battery status acquisition function unit, balanced regular calculation function unit and control signal output function unit.Described control signal output function unit comprises switch controlling signal output unit and constant-current source control signal output unit.
The present invention is applied to battery pack series compensation formula equalization methods, adopt the current capability value of the current magnitude of voltage of single battery or single battery as battery status information, take the mean value of the each single battery current voltage of battery pack as standard voltage value, the mean value of the current capacity of the each single battery of battery pack is volumetric(al) standards value.When taking capability value balanced, threshold value is 10%; When taking magnitude of voltage balanced, average voltage level is at [0V, 3V) threshold value in scope is 0.2V, average voltage level is at [3.0V, 3.2V) threshold value in scope is 0.05V, average voltage level [3.2V, 3.3V) threshold value in scope is 0.01V, the threshold value of average voltage level in [3.3V, 3.7V] scope is 0.03V.When battery current voltage is less than separately standard value and difference and is greater than threshold value, from several batteries of wherein searching minimum voltage battery or minimum voltage battery and be attached thereto, as needs, carry out balanced battery simultaneously, now be judged as and need equilibrium, otherwise do not need equilibrium.
The present embodiment is using the current magnitude of voltage of single battery as battery information, using the average voltage level of battery pack as standard value, take a certain moment in batteries charging process as benchmark, this equalization methods comprises that collection, the processing of Information Monitoring, the battery pack balancing of battery pack information realize three steps, specific as follows:
The collection of battery pack information be by harvester with single battery magnitude of voltage in certain frequency Real-time Collection series battery, each magnitude of voltage is in Table 1, and by this data feedback to information processor.
| Battery number | Magnitude of voltage (V) | Battery number | Magnitude of voltage (V) | Battery number | Magnitude of voltage (V) |
| 1 | 3.235 | 2 | 3.241 | 3 | 3.228 |
| 4 | 3.210 | 5 | 3.213 | 6 | 3.237 |
Table 1
The processing of Information Monitoring is that above-mentioned data are carried out to balanced regular computing, the equilibrium rule that the present embodiment adopts is: standard voltage value is got the average voltage of battery pack, be that average voltage level is 3.227V, at [3.2V, 3.3V) threshold value in scope is 0.01V, be that monomer battery voltage value is less than 3.217V and need to carries out equilibrium, thereby obtaining Section 4 battery need to carry out balanced with Section 5 battery, and Section 4 battery is minimum voltage battery, Section 5 battery is connected with Section 4 battery sequential, is therefore judged as Section 4 battery simultaneously balanced with Section 5 battery.
Controller obtains after balancing operational Output rusults, exports the break-make of corresponding switch controlling signal control main line switch and branch switch, makes to need balanced battery and constant-current source to form series loop, by controller control constant-current source, battery is compensated to equilibrium.By above-mentioned data the known the 4th, 5 joint cells need to carry out equilibrium, this Time Controller control constant-current source is closed, controller is exported the break-make control signal of each switch, as shown in table 2, the control signal that each switch sends according to controller is carried out corresponding actions, after switch motion is finished, controller control constant-current source is opened, and carries out charge balancing.Current balancing operational Output rusults is when last time consistent in addition, and controller will be left intact; When balancing operational Output rusults is with last time inconsistent and while needing balanced cell number non-vanishing, controller first controls constant-current source and cuts out, so close other all switches, controller is exported the break-make control signal of each switch again, the control signal that each switch sends according to controller is carried out corresponding actions, after switch motion is finished, controller control constant-current source is opened, and again carries out charge balancing; When balancing operational Output rusults be all batteries while not needing equilibrium all switches disconnect.
Table 2
In sum, the present invention has adopted a kind of brand-new balanced way, and by controlling, the break-make of actuator realizes in battery pack any one or continuous multiple battery units carry out equilibrium simultaneously, improves fast and effectively the consistency of each battery unit in battery pack.
Claims (1)
1. a battery pack series compensation equalization methods, described equalization methods comprises the collection of battery pack information, the processing of Information Monitoring, battery pack balancing is realized, being treated to by battery pack information being processed obtain of described Information Monitoring needs balanced battery unit information, it is characterized in that: described battery pack balancing is embodied as the break-make of controller control respective actuators, make to need balanced one or more continuous battery unit and constant-current source to be connected into loop, and by constant-current source, the battery unit of needs equilibrium is carried out to energy compensating, described battery unit consists of a cell, or multiple cells are in parallel or be in series, and each battery unit attribute is consistent, described battery unit attribute comprises battery base attribute and battery series-parallel connection structure, the balanced battery unit of these needs judges in the following manner, adopt the current capability value of the current magnitude of voltage of single battery or single battery as battery status information, take the mean value of the each single battery current voltage of battery pack as standard voltage value, the mean value of the current capacity of the each single battery of battery pack is volumetric(al) standards value, when taking capability value balanced, threshold value is 10%, when taking magnitude of voltage balanced, average voltage level is at [0V, 3V) threshold value in scope is 0.2V, average voltage level is at [3.0V, 3.2V) threshold value in scope is 0.05V, average voltage level is at [3.2V, 3.3V) threshold value in scope is 0.01V, average voltage level is at [3.3V, 3.7V] threshold value in scope is 0.03V, when battery current voltage is less than separately standard value and difference and is greater than threshold value, from several batteries of wherein searching minimum voltage battery or minimum voltage battery and be attached thereto, as needs, carry out balanced battery simultaneously, now be judged as and need equilibrium, otherwise do not need equilibrium,
Equalizing circuit for above-mentioned equalization methods is comprised of controller, constant-current source, several actuators, constant-current source, actuator are connected with controller respectively, described actuator is comprised of main line switch and branch switch, after the switch series connection of some main lines, be connected with constant-current source, each main line switch ends is in parallel with battery unit by branch switch respectively, and described main line switch and branch switch are electronic switch or relay.
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| CN201110052436.1A CN102148408B (en) | 2011-03-04 | 2011-03-04 | Method and circuit for cascade compensation balancing of battery pack |
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| CN102638081B (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2014-05-07 | 天津凌可机电设计有限公司 | Smart matrix battery charging-discharging managing system and managing method |
| CN103036290B (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2015-06-10 | 中国石油大学(华东) | 24V charger for lithium iron phosphate battery and charging method thereof |
| US9770997B2 (en) * | 2013-06-11 | 2017-09-26 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Detection of imbalance across multiple battery cells measured by the same voltage sensor |
| CN104617621B (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2017-01-18 | 杭州高特电子设备股份有限公司 | Improved battery pack maintaining method |
| CN106356908B (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2019-08-13 | 联创汽车电子有限公司 | The control system and control method of power battery pack and its composition |
| CN107623343A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2018-01-23 | 重庆无线绿洲通信技术有限公司 | The active equalization method and device of a kind of lithium ion battery |
| CN106786926A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 深圳市沃特玛电池有限公司 | A kind of adjustable charge-discharge system of battery unit total voltage |
| CN106602664B (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2024-03-22 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Battery pack with dynamically adjustable connection topology and implementation method thereof |
| KR102398245B1 (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2022-05-13 | 에스케이온 주식회사 | Battery pack and method for detecting busbar open using the battery pack |
| CN108550926A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-09-18 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | battery system and electric vehicle |
| CN108832646B (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2019-11-08 | 国网山东省电力公司 | A kind of management system and its method suitable for dynamically reconfigurable battery energy storage system |
| CN116331066A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2023-06-27 | 上海海拉电子有限公司 | Battery pack control system, battery pack control method and vehicle |
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| CN1176195A (en) * | 1996-09-10 | 1998-03-18 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Storage battery voltage control apparatus |
| CN2648617Y (en) * | 2003-08-27 | 2004-10-13 | 天津清源电动车辆有限责任公司 | Accumulator voltage equalizing controlling device |
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Patent Citations (3)
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| CN1176195A (en) * | 1996-09-10 | 1998-03-18 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Storage battery voltage control apparatus |
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Address after: Xihu District Yi Lok Road Hangzhou city Zhejiang province 310012 No. 223 Yinjiang Technology Industrial Park B building 6 floor Patentee after: Hangzhou high special electronic equipment Limited by Share Ltd Address before: Xihu District Yi Lok Road Hangzhou city Zhejiang province 310012 No. 223 Yinjiang Technology Industrial Park B building 6 floor Patentee before: Gaote Electronic Apparatus Co., Ltd., Hangzhou |