CN102137746A - 用于制造装备有泵的塑料燃料储箱的方法 - Google Patents

用于制造装备有泵的塑料燃料储箱的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102137746A
CN102137746A CN2009801340703A CN200980134070A CN102137746A CN 102137746 A CN102137746 A CN 102137746A CN 2009801340703 A CN2009801340703 A CN 2009801340703A CN 200980134070 A CN200980134070 A CN 200980134070A CN 102137746 A CN102137746 A CN 102137746A
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storage barrel
oil storage
parison
pump
storage tank
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CN2009801340703A
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CN102137746B (zh
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拉尔夫·波尔曼
弗兰克·德豪西
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Nergy Automotive Systems Research SA
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Inergy Automotive Systems Research SA
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/20—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor of articles having inserts or reinforcements ; Handling of inserts or reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/60—Riveting or staking
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    • B29C65/609—Riveting or staking the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined, i.e. staking the integral rivets being plunge-formed
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    • F02M37/08—Feeding by means of driven pumps electrically driven
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Abstract

用于制造装备有泵的塑料燃料储箱的方法，在包括两个空腔以及一个芯件的一个模具的帮助下，通过模制一个切成两个薄片的管状型坯来进行制造，所述方法包括以下步骤：将该型坯引入到这些模具空腔之中；将该芯件引入到该型坯的内部，所述芯件已经首先装配有一种储油桶，该储油桶包括用于该泵的一种壳体；将该模具闭合，从而使得这些空腔与该芯件形成密封接触；通过经由该芯件吹气和/或在这些空腔之后施加一个真空来将该型坯压到这些空腔上；使用稳固地附装到该芯件上的一个装置，将该储油桶固定到该型坯上；将该模具打开以撤出该芯件；通过吹气模制(通过将一种压缩流体注入到该型坯内部)和/或加热成形(通过在这些空腔之后施加一个真空)来实现该型坯的最终模制；并且将该储箱进行脱模并通过一个在后面的开口将该泵安装到该储油桶的壳体中。根据本发明，该泵的安装是通过一种中间部件(2)的方式来实现的，该中间部件的外部形状是标准的且与该壳体的形状互补的，并且该中间部件的内部形状是与该泵配合的。

Description

用于制造装备有泵的塑料燃料储箱的方法
本发明涉及一种用于制造装备有泵的塑料燃料储箱的方法。
不同种类的装在车辆上的燃料储箱总体上必须满足与用于它们被设计的使用类型以及它们必须遵守的环境要求相关的密封和渗透性标准。在欧洲以及世界各地，我们目前都正在经历着相当大的日益收紧的多种要求，这些要求总体上涉及限制将污染物排放到大气中以及排放到环境中。
为限制这些排放物，本申请人已开发了从型坯模制一种储箱的方法，该型坯包括在实际模制该储箱期间至少一个用于将多个附件引入其中(并且固定到其上)(这些附件的支撑)的槽，并因此避免钻出多个开口(参见例如申请EP 1110697)。
本申请人还已经开发了用于这种固定的一种特殊的方法(原位的卡扣铆接，申请WO 2006/008308的主题，为此目的，将其内容通过引用结合在本申请之中)以及还有该方法的一种改进，这种改进是本申请人名下的国际申请EP 2008/059042的主题，也将其内容通过引用结合在本申请之中。
本改进的目的是提供该卡扣铆接区域的一种改进的几何形状，这使之有可能确保该附件相对于将执行该卡扣铆接的工具进行自动定心，并且使之有可能在此过程中获得应力的更好的分布。这种几何形状包括至少部分地围绕该卡扣铆接孔口并且具有在该卡扣铆接期间适合于能够与该工具的一个突起(凸形凹凸)相配合的尺寸以及形状的一个凹形凹凸。
本申请人已经成功地将这种改进应用于固定众多的附件，或就在模制期间不耐受压力和温度条件的附件而言固定其支撑，和/或应用于在昂贵的附件被磨碎之前(缩减成在模制随后的储箱期间能够被再利用的碎片)应从不满足这些标准的这些储箱中拆除的一些昂贵的附件中。
在这种特殊的情况下当该附件是由燃油泵(称作“主供油泵”并且将燃料提供给车辆的发动机)组成时，所讨论的支撑事实上是由被称作“储油桶”的物体组成的。如其名称所表明的，这种储油桶的目标是为以下情况设立一种燃料储备，即当车辆弯道转向、坡上行驶，等时，或当泵的抽吸点存在被暴露(不再浸于燃料中)的风险时的任何其他情形下。上述方法的一个优点是它使提供一种大容量的储油桶成为可能，特别是当该型坯被切成两个薄片时。然而，本申请人已经面对的一个缺点在于以下事实，即：由于存在几个种类的泵，就有必要依据设计者所选择的泵来匹配该储油桶，并且因此在总体上有必要为每一个型号提供一种专用的储油桶，这是昂贵的(这个部件总体上是基于在其(固定的)几何形状的专用模具中模制的塑料)。
本发明的目的是解决这个问题并提供一种用于将任何形式的泵固定到燃料储箱上的方法。
为此目的，本发明涉及一种用于制造装备有泵的塑料燃料储箱的方法，在包括两个空腔以及一个芯件的一个模具的帮助下通过模制切成两个薄片的管状型坯来进行制造，所述方法包括以下步骤：
1.将该型坯引入到这些模具空腔之中；
2.将该芯件引入到该型坯的内部，所述芯件已经首先装配了一种包括了一种用于该泵的壳体的储油桶；
3.将该模具闭合，从而使得这些空腔与该芯件形成密封的接触；
4.通过经由该芯件吹气和/或在这些空腔之后施加一个真空来将该型坯压到这些空腔上；
5.使用稳固地附装到该芯件上的一个装置，将该储油桶固定到该型坯上；
6.将该模具打开以撤出该芯件；
7.通过吹气模制(通过将一种加压的液体注入该型坯内部)和/或热压成形(通过在这些空腔之后施加一个真空)来实现该型坯的最终模制；并且
8.将该储箱脱模并通过后面的一个开口将该泵安装到该储油桶的壳体中。
依据本发明，该泵的安装是通过一种中间部件来实现的，该中间部件的外部形状是标准的、固定的(这意味着它的整体高度和宽度是固定的)并且是与该壳体的外部形状以及适合于该泵的内部形状互补的。可在将该储油桶固定到储箱之前或之后将这种中间部件安装在其壳体中，优选的是在之后，简单地通过“即插即用”方式，其意思是可以通过一种快速连接形式的连接件(像例如一种插头)将这种部件以其原样安装到该壳体上/从该壳体中卸下，而无需改变其整体几何形状。这样一种安装是快速且安全的，从而从经济的和技术的观点看是令人感兴趣的。
根据一种优选的变体，这种中间部件可以配备有一个或多个柔性支撑，这种(些)柔性支撑的作用是用来吸收泵的震动，并且这样做时，减少了声音发射。可替代地，有可能在将这样一种支撑引入到该中间部件中之前将它提供给泵。
该中间部件可以是一件式的。然而，优选地，它包括一个泵支架以及一个分离的端盖，从而能为该储油桶提供密封性(参见以下)。如上所述，可以通过任何种类的快速连接将该泵支架插入到该壳体中。给出良好的结果的一种包括一个球形连接(球窝形的)以及一个具有卡子的杠杆臂两者。前者(球窝)的目的是将该泵进行定位，同时提供给该泵一定的移动自由度(因此通常用来确保启动功能的一个或多个密封件能够被正确地定位)，并且后者(具有卡子的杠杆)的目的是维持该正确的位置，同时允许容易的拆卸。如上所述，然后该分离的端盖能够锁紧该组件并且确保密封性。
上述这些物体(具体是储油桶以及中间部件)优选地是基于聚缩醛，并且具体是基于POM(聚甲醛)，由于其对燃料的机械耐受性及其几何形状刚度，它们还可以(但并不常见，考虑到这些部件的尺寸)是基于PPS(聚苯硫醚)，这种聚苯硫醚具有非常刚性的优点，或是基于PBT(但PBT是与酒精燃料不相容的)。
在本发明的一个优选的变体中(1)，该储油桶是密封的(即没有渗漏)。特别地最优选地，为此目的它包括一种通过一种端盖以一种密封的形式进行封闭的凹钵。
可替代地或另外地(2)，这种储油桶优选地具有容量在2L至5L之间，或甚至在2.5L至4L之间。确切地讲，一种密封的、大容量的储油桶使得无论在什么情况下都可能提供发动机的最大载荷。
在该储箱是鞍形储箱的形式的情况下，该储油桶优选地通过两个喷射泵进行进料：一个吸起主油囊中的燃料，而另一个被置于副油囊中并且能够使这个油囊中的燃料通过一种被称为输送管线的线路被输送到该储油桶的顶部(即进入储油桶的端盖)。这些喷射泵优选地被用于“汽油”型的主泵以及用于“柴油”型的燃油回流两者所激活。
优选地，当将该储箱进行模制时该输送管线也被固定到该储箱上(3)，优选地在多个点(参见在本申请人名下的申请FR 0757991，该申请的内容通过引用被结合在本申请之中)。根据一个特别优选的可能在该燃料输送管线与该储油桶之间获得一种密封连接的变体(4)，尽管模制后储箱收缩，该储油桶(以及优选地其端盖)配备有一种凹凸，该输送管线的末端可以滑动进入到该凹凸中，从而能够耐受这种收缩，在HDPE储箱的情况下，该收缩是3％的数量级。可替代地或另外地，在模制期间在张力下这种管线可以配备有至少一个柔性部件和/或一个弯曲部件从而当该储箱冷却后恢复到静止状态(如在本申请人名下的申请WO 2006/095024中所述，其内容也通过引用被结合到本申请中)。
类似地，为了将在该主喷射泵经其将燃料从主油囊输送到储油桶中的位置处燃料的渗漏减少到最小，优选地用一个凹凸围绕该吸入孔口，从而可能提供所述泵的一种密封连接同时允许它有一定的移动自由度(用来对一些扭曲、收缩、等进行补偿)。
这些燃料储箱的储油桶通常作为测量器的支撑，该测量器使得或者在整个储箱中亦或在储箱中的一个油囊中测量燃料的液位成为可能。总体上，这种测量器的组成为一个定位于一个杆臂(金属杆)的末端上的浮子，该杆臂被固定于该储油桶或整合到该储油桶中的一个部件的一点上并围绕它枢转。这个杆总体上包括一个传导部件，该部件的位置是通过一个专用的传感器来检测的，因而使得知道该杆臂的位置，并因而知道浮子的位置，并且因而知道该储箱中燃料的液位成为可能。总体上，这种杆臂在一个垂直平面内枢转。根据本发明的一个优选的变体(5)，该杆臂在一个斜面中枢转(事实上描述了一个围绕其附接点的弧)而不是在一个垂直平面中枢转。
这个变体使得将该浮子臂的轨迹定位于更好的测量区域中成为可能，在鞍形储箱的情况下，这个更好的测量区域是位于该储箱是中心中的无法接通的区域。这种变体也使得即使在形状复杂的油囊中测量高燃料液位成为可能。在实践中实现它的一个方法包括将该测量器固定到该储油桶的一个倾斜的表面上。为了做到这一项，可生产一个塑料适配部件，该适配部件使得在一个倾斜的固定导轨中接收该测量器成为可能，并且该适配部件将被固定到一个垂直固定导轨中的储油桶上。当然，一种简单的方法是直接产生具有这种倾斜的该测量器的支撑并且将这种支撑固定到该储油桶上(该储油桶总体上是垂直的)。
在本发明的又另一个优选的变体(6)中，这些起始于或导向到该储油桶的管线优选地使用一些卡子被固定到该储油桶上，由于生产成本以及使随后易于装配的原因，当适当时，这些卡子优选地由一个单个的具有它，或甚至具有它的端盖的部件模制而成。
根据本发明，在该储油桶实际模制以形成该储箱期间，该储油桶被固定到该型坯上。这种固定能够以任何已知的方式来实现。优选地，其固定点中的至少一个配备有一个孔口，该孔口使得能够进行卡扣铆接(冶金学的领域中通常的方法，该方法包括由已经使其流过有待固定的部件中的孔口并且然后留在其中以进行凝固的熔化的材料在原位模制铆钉)。
优选地，该卡扣铆接孔口是由固定接头制成的，该固定接头被模制成该储油桶的一个部分或被附接到其上。它可以是配备有至少一个孔口或配备有相对于配备有一个孔口的其整个外壳的一个突起的附件的一个简单的部分(是其整个外壳的一部分)。
该固定接头可以具有任何形状：配备有一个或多个孔口的舌形件；围绕该附件并且包括几个孔口的凸缘、等。
优选地，该储油桶装备有几个固定接头，如果可能将这些固定接头均等地分布在其上。最特别优选地是，每个固定接头包括几个孔口，从而在机械应力期间(例如，简单地通过重力来施加)分配负载。
在本发明的背景之中，尽管该储油桶被固定到储箱的壁上，优选的是它可以相对于该储箱的壁上的其固定点中的至少一个进行移动。这种移动性能够以不同方式来获得。在当该附件包括至少一个固定接头时的情况下，它足以确保这是处于一个柔性的舌形件的形式，即一个扁平的(但是它可以被弯曲、折叠、等)部分具有一个厚度、一个形状和/或一种构成材料，当附件被固定到该储箱的壁上时，它们给予该附件一个相对于该储箱的壁的相对的移动性。
根据本发明的这个变体的这些固定接头优选地是基于耐热的材料，以防止这些固定接头的过大的变形。如POM(聚甲醛)、PA(聚酰胺)、PBT(聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯)以及金属，这些材料是特别适合的。HDPE是较少推荐的，因为它在使用温度下至少对于通常所考虑的(2mm至3mm)的厚度，可以发生变形。
最特别优选地，每个固定接头都配备有一个圆形的孔口，该孔口优选地基本上位于用于固定到该储箱上的其区域的中心处(即在该卡扣铆接期间与该型坯接触的区域)，并且这个圆形的孔口优选地由几个(2、3、4或更多)槽进行围绕，这些槽优选地被均匀地分布在围绕该中心孔口的一个圆周上，其目的是增加该固定的承载强度(该部件通过在该卡扣铆接区域中仍然熔融的塑料上它的重量来发挥作用)。总体上讲，该接头的固定区域位于这个接头的一个弯曲的(折叠的)末端处。
根据本发明的最后一个特别优选的变体(7)，该储油桶被固定到该储箱的壁上虽然它正在被模制但具有能够补偿模制之后的收缩的足够的移动性，对于HDPE储箱该收缩是大约3％。
因此，优选地在3个卡扣铆钉的帮助下将该储油桶固定到储箱的壁上，其中一个铆钉由一个刚性接头制成并且构成一种“固定的”固定并且其中另外两个由多个柔性接头制成从而使得该储油桶相对于该储箱的壁上的这2个相应的固定点可移动。最特别最优选地，这两个柔性接头允许该附件在两个垂直的方向上移动并且也允许通过固定工具夹紧该储油桶同时容许用于模制该储油桶的几何制造公差。
可替代地，在被卡到所述储油桶上的至少一个模块式部件的帮助下可以通过卡扣铆接将该储油桶固定到该储箱的壁上，所述部件包括一个环，通过该环实现了该卡扣铆接，所述环通过一些弹簧装置被固定到一个框架上。这样一种卡扣铆接也允许顾及上述的收缩，为该储油桶提供了相对于该在储箱壁上的固定点(卡扣铆钉)的一定的移动性。
应该注意的是上述变体(1)到(7)还给出了本发明的范围之外的一些优异的结果，即：独立地使用一个中间部件允许将所有类型的泵固定到一个标准的储油桶上。
此外，下面的这些定义适用于所有这些发明(主发明以及7个变体)。
术语“燃料储箱”应理解为是指一个密封的储箱(或由一个壁界定的空心体)，该储箱在不同的以及变化的使用和环境条件下能够储存燃料。这种储箱的一个实例是机动车辆所装配的储箱。
根据本发明的燃料储箱是由一种塑料制成。
术语“塑料”是指包括至少一种合成树酯聚合物的任何材料。
任何类型的塑料都可以是适合的。特别适合的塑料属于热塑性塑料的类别。
术语“热塑性塑料”应理解为是指任何热塑性的聚合物，包括热塑性弹性体，以及还有其共混物。术语“聚合物”应理解为是指均聚物和共聚物(尤其是二元或三元的共聚物)二者。这类共聚物的实例是(非限制性地)：无规共聚物类、线型嵌段共聚物类、其他嵌段共聚物类以及接枝共聚物类。
其熔点在分解温度之下的任何类型的热塑性聚合物或共聚物都是适合的。具有熔化范围覆盖至少10摄氏度的合成的热塑性塑料是特别适合的。此类材料的实例包括在其分子量中展示多分散性的那些材料。
具体地讲，有可能使用聚烯烃类、热塑性聚脂类、聚酮类、聚酰胺类及其共聚物类。还可以使用聚合物或共聚物的共混物，类似地还有可能使用带有无机的、有机的和/或天然的填充剂的高分子材料的共混物，这些填充剂是像例如，但不限于：碳、盐类以及其他无机衍生物类、天然的或聚合的纤维类。还有可能使用多层结构，这些多层结构包括叠层和结合层，这些层包括以上所说明的这些聚合物或共聚物中的至少一种。
经常使用的一种聚合物是聚乙烯。用高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)已经获得了优异的结果。
该储箱的壁可以由一个单个的热塑性塑料层、或者两个层组成。有利的是，一个或多个其他可能的附加层可以由多个层来组成，这些层是由对于液体和/或气体的一种阻隔材料制成的。优选地，对该阻挡层的性质和厚度进行选择从而将与该储箱的内表面接触的液体和气体的渗透性减少到最小。该层优选地是基于一种阻隔性树脂，就是说基于对燃料不可渗透的一种树脂，例如像EVOH(部分地水解的乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物)。可替代地，为了使该储箱对于燃料不可渗透的目的，该储箱可以经受表面处理(氟化作用或磺化作用)。
根据本发明的储箱优选包括一个基于EVOH的阻挡层，该阻挡层位于基于HDPE的这些外层之间。
依据本发明，该储箱是通过对由两个薄片构成的一种型坯进行吹气模制或热压成形来模制的，这两个薄片是由如上述申请EP 1 110 697中所说明的切割薄片以及相同的挤出的管状型坯产生的，为此目的，该申请的内容通过引用被结合在本申请之中。
通过与模制两个分别挤出的薄片(其厚度是恒定的)相比较，这种方法使之有可能使用厚度变化的型坯(也就是说其中沿它们的长度厚度不是恒定的)，使用一个适当的挤出装置(总体上装备有一个模具以及一个冲头的一个挤出机，其位置是可调整的)来获得。这样一个型坯考虑到由于在模具中该材料的非恒定的变形率而在模制期间在该型坯上的某些点处发生的厚度的减少。
不论用于模制该型坯的技术是什么，按其定义这确实涉及使用一种模具，该模具包括两个空腔，这些空腔旨在与该型坯的外表面进行接触，通过从这些空腔的后面施加一个真空或通过使用注入该型坯内部的压缩气体，通过将该型坯压到这些空腔上来发生该型坯的热压成形或吹气模制。
根据本发明，该模具还包括一个芯件，该芯件结合了该用于固定该储油桶的工具的至少一个部分。术语“芯件”应理解为是指具有能够被插入这些模具空腔之间并且具体是当该型坯正在被模制时能够被引入该型坯中的适合的形状和尺寸的一个部分。例如，像这样的一个部分在专利GB 1 410 215中进行了说明，为此目的，其内容通过引用结合在本申请中。有利的是，这个芯件可以被用于同时将几个附件固定到该型坯上，这是替代的装置(像例如机械臂)通常不能完成的事情。在这个变体中，该附件被固定到储箱的内壁上并且该凹形凹凸是指向这个储箱的内部。
该芯件还可以被用于引入对于吹气模制该型坯所需要的压缩气体。此外，当有待吹制的型坯包括两个部分时，至少在该过程的某些步骤(总体上：这些步骤在将这两个部分焊接在一起以产生该储箱之前)期间，该芯件还可以被用于保持这两个部分的边缘是热的。两部分的型坯是非常适合用于这个变体的，因为当打开该模具时可以将它们进行分离并因此使得固定该加油管变得更加容易。
最后，该芯件还可以被至少部分地用于过程控制。为此目的，例如，有可能将一个摄影机结合到该芯件之中以便展示并且检查如前说明的该附件的固定的质量。这个摄影机还可以检查该加油管(以及该储箱的所有其他可能的部件)的固定(连接)的质量。总体上，通过图像分析来进行这些检查。还可以将用于测量一个或多个量(如力、行程、压力、温度)的一个或多个传感器安装到该芯件上，以便更好地监测这些附件的固定。
本发明以一种非限制性方式通过附图1至4来展示，这些附图展示了本发明的某些变体。图1展示了位于一种中间部件(2)中的一种泵(1)，该中间部件被用于将后者安装到图2中所示(从两个不同的视角)的储油桶的壳体(3)中，图3详细展示了它的端盖并且图4详细展示了该中间部件。
图1和图4中所示的中间部件(2)事实上接收由该泵(1)，它的过滤器(4)(通过该过滤器将燃料吸起)，以及一个喷射泵(5)(装备有一个能够将声音发射减少的弹性体部分(6))所组成的组件。这个喷射泵(5)是旨在吸起该储油桶附近的燃料从而将其充满。
图2展示了具有壳体(3)的储油桶，该储油桶在旨在用于图1中的泵和中间部件的。其中还看到的是这种机构，该机构可能将这个储油桶固定到燃料储箱的壁上，并且包括配备有卡扣铆接孔口的3个接头，包括2个柔性接头(7)和一个刚性接头(8)。这样一个固定机构使得在其模制后的冷却期间对储箱的收缩进行补偿成为可能(即确保该储油桶仍然固定到其上而在该储箱的壁内不产生张力)，同时由于该刚性接头(8)的卡扣铆接保证了该储油桶在该储箱中的固定的位置。
最后，图3示出了在该储油桶的端盖上出现的某些装置的细节，即：
-一种凹凸(9)，导向该储油桶的输送管线(未显示)的末端可滑入其中从而补偿由冷却带来的收缩，在HDPE储箱的情况下该收缩是3％的数量级；这种凹凸配备有多个槽，该管线上的相应的一些突起可以滑入这些槽中(或反之亦然：该凹凸可以具有多个突起并且该管线可以具有多个槽)，并且位于这个凹凸下面的端盖的壁包括一个开口(9’)，该开口使确保流出该管线的燃料确定地无泄漏地进入到该储油桶中成为可能；
-一种围绕孔口(10’)的凹凸(10)，通过该孔口该主喷射泵(5)将燃料从主油囊输送到储油桶中，这个凹凸使得在这个位置处防止泄漏成为可能，同时允许在喷射泵与其吸入口之间一定程度的相对移动；以及
-多个卡子(11)，这些卡子使得将液体进料管线以及回流管线固定到该储油桶上成为可能。
如图4中可见，该中间部件(2)包括一个泵支架(2’)以及一个为了能向该储油桶提供密封性的分离的端盖(2”)。该泵支架包括该球窝类型的一个球形的连接(21)(目的是与该壳体(3)中的一个相应的凹凸相配合)，以及在其末端处的具有一个卡子的一个杠杆臂(22)(有待夹到该壳体或其端盖的一个相应的凹凸上)。该分离的端盖(2”)使得能够锁紧该组件并且能够确保密封性。
附于本申请的图5的目的是展示一种有利的方法，该方法确保该泵能相对于附接于该储箱的壁上的这些点中的至少一个进行移动。此外，应该注意的是，这种变体在本发明的范围之外也是有利的(即，对于在通过模制从一种型坯来实际制造所述的储箱期间，可以通过卡扣铆接被固定到燃料储箱上的任何附件)。
事实上，图2中所示的多个柔性舌形件(7)的目的是保持一定程度的灵活性来补偿该部件的冷却期间的收缩。然而，在塑料的注塑模制期间保持紧公差是困难的，具体地归结于该底座及其高度的实际几何形状。因此，在吹气模制该储箱期间，就有必要将该底座放置在张力下，使其变形从而将它定位在该芯件中。当将该储箱从模具中取出时，该材料仍然是热的并且“容易地”可变形的，并且底座中的应力可以使该储箱变形或甚至剪切该卡扣铆钉。
为避免这个问题，因而可以考虑将这些舌形件制造得较不坚实，但是这与在加速、冲击、等过程中所要求的机械强度相矛盾。
图5中所示的变体允许通过使以下成为可能来解决这个问题：
1-无论在任何情况下，由于使用通过其实现卡扣铆接的环(71)，能够使用卡扣铆接技术而不会使该储箱变形；
2-在其在该储箱中进行定位期间，具有较小的公差并且因而对底座施加较少的预应力；
3-由于“多个弹簧”(72)，具有足够的柔性以补偿收缩；这些弹簧优选地具有足够的高度从而使得垂直移动可以忽略；
4-由于较大厚度的和/或加强的肋状物(73)和“框架”(7’)在冲击和加速过程中没有由于有限的变形造成的破裂；
5-保持一个减小的高度并因而更容易应用于具有相同几何形状的不同的项目中；
6-是一种模块式部件，它能够通过多个卡子进行固定。

Claims (10)

1.用于制造装备有泵的塑料燃料储箱的方法，在包括两个空腔以及一个芯件的一个模具的帮助下通过模制切成两个薄片的管状型坯进行制造，所述方法包括以下步骤：
1.将该型坯引入到这些模具空腔之中；
2.将该芯件引入到该型坯的内部，所述芯件已经首先装配了一种储油桶，该储油桶包括了一种用于该泵的壳体；
3.将该模具闭合，从而使得这些空腔与该芯件形成密封接触；
4.通过经由该芯件吹气和/或在这些空腔之后施加一个真空来将该型坯压到这些空腔上；
5.使用稳固地附装在该芯件上的一个装置，将该储油桶固定到该型坯上；
6.将该模具打开以撤出该芯件；
7.通过吹气模制(通过将一种压缩流体注入到该型坯内部)和/或加热成形(通过在这些空腔之后施加一个真空)来实现该型坯的最终模制；并且
8.将该储箱进行脱模并通过一个在后面的开口将该泵安装到该储油桶的壳体中，
并且据此该泵的安装是通过一种中间部件的方式来实现的，该中间部件的外部形状是标准的、固定的且与该壳体的形状互补的，并且该中间部件的内部形状是与该泵配合的。
2.根据以上权利要求所述的方法，其中该中间部件包括一种泵支架以及一种端盖，并且其中使用一种球形连接(球窝形式的)以及一种带有一种卡子的杠杆臂将该泵支架插入到该壳体中。
3.根据以上权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中该储油桶是密封的并且包括通过一种端盖以一种密封的形式进行封闭的凹钵。
4.根据以上权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中该储油桶具有2L到5L的容积。
5.根据以上权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中该储箱是处于一种鞍形储箱的形式，该鞍形储箱包括一个该储油桶位于其中的主油囊，以及至少一个副油囊，并且其中该储油桶通过两个喷射泵进行进料：一个吸起该主油囊中的燃料，并且另一个位于该副油囊中并且使这个油囊中的燃料能够通过一种被称为输送管线的线路被输送到该储油桶的顶部(即进入储油桶的端盖)，当进行模制该储箱时该输送管线也被固定到该储箱上。
6.根据以上权利要求所述的方法，其中该储油桶(以及优选地它的端盖)配备有一种凹凸，该传输管线的末端可以滑入其中。
7.根据以上权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中该储油桶支撑一种液位器，该液位器的组成为一种位于一个杆臂的一端处的浮子，并且其中所述杆臂在一个斜面内枢转。
8.根据以上权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中这些管线起始于或导向到该储油桶且其中使用多个卡子将所述这些管线固定到该储油桶上，这些卡子是由具有它或具有其端盖的一个单独的部分来模制的。
9.根据以上权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中在3个卡扣铆钉的帮助下将该储油桶固定到该储箱的壁上，其中一个铆钉由一个刚性接头制成并且构成一种“固定的”固定并且其中另外两个铆钉由多个柔性接头制成从而使该储油桶相对于该储箱的壁上的这两个相应的固定点进行移动。
10.根据以上权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中在被夹在所述储油桶上的至少一个模块式部件的帮助下通过卡扣铆接将该储油桶固定到该储箱的壁上，所述部件包括一个环，通过该环实现了该卡扣铆接，所述环通过多个弹簧被固定到一个框架上。
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