CN102134514B - 合成生物柴油及其制备方法 - Google Patents

合成生物柴油及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN102134514B
CN102134514B CN2011100340071A CN201110034007A CN102134514B CN 102134514 B CN102134514 B CN 102134514B CN 2011100340071 A CN2011100340071 A CN 2011100340071A CN 201110034007 A CN201110034007 A CN 201110034007A CN 102134514 B CN102134514 B CN 102134514B
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CN102134514A (zh
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李恒全
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Li Hengquan
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宁海鹏静再生资源科技有限公司
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Abstract

本发明公开一种合成生物柴油及其制备方法,该柴油由以下重量百分比的各组分制备:酸化油脂50~70%,甲醇10~20%,脱硫重苯10~38%,轻质油1~5%,催化添加剂0.3~0.8%。本发明的合成生物柴油具有含氧量高、燃烧充分、含硫量低、腐蚀性小、4℃以下不结冻,低温流动性好,尾气排放污染物小的优点。

Description

合成生物柴油及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及可替代石化柴油的生物柴油技术领域,具体涉及一种合成生物柴油及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前,柴油作为一种燃料油,在汽车、货车、锅炉等各个领域有着广泛的应用,随着对原油能耗的不断增加,原油资源遭到过度开采,石油资源越来越少,世界各国都面临着能源匮乏、短缺,使得原料油价格不断攀升。而且,现有技术的柴油具有CH链长、不含氧、燃烧不完全、排放污染物多,含硫量高,腐蚀性强且4℃以下易增大粘度、结冻,造成流动性差、热值低、动力性能差等不足。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术的上述不足,提供一种含氧量高、燃烧充分、含硫量低、腐蚀性小、4℃以下不结冻,低温流动性好,尾气排放污染物小的合成生物柴油。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明的技术方案为:一种合成生物柴油,该柴油由以下重量百分比的各组分制备:酸化油脂(酸化油)50~70%,甲醇10~20%,脱硫重苯10~38%,轻质油1~5%,催化添加剂0.3~0.8%。
作为优选,本发明的合成生物柴油,该柴油由以下重量百分比的各组分制备:酸化油脂50~62%,甲醇10~18%,脱硫重苯15~30%,轻质油3~5%,催化添加剂0.5~0.6%。
本发明上述的催化添加剂为纳米燃油添加剂,为市售产品,如华晟AA牌纳米燃油添加剂、亚历山纳米燃油添加剂均可。
本发明上述的轻质油为常压瓦斯油、石脑油、石油醚中的任何一种。
本发明上述合成生物柴油的制备方法:把各种原料通过计量泵泵入无压力的容器中,通过电加热静态混合器在30~50℃下,循环8小时后,静置、过滤,即得到本发明的合成生物柴油。
本发明上述电加热静态混合器为市售常规的静态混合器。
本发明的优点和有益效果:
1.本发明的合成生物柴油,其中酸化油脂与甲醇起溶解酯化反应并起到防冻效果,从而即使在4℃以下也不结冻,流动性好;其中的脱硫重苯的加入,可以达到增加热值和动力的效果,而轻质油的加入则可以降低柴油密度,易点火起动。
2.本发明的合成生物柴油,具有含氧量高,硫含量低,燃烧充分,燃烧废弃物少等优点。
3.本发明的合成生物柴油,替代一切石化柴油,不仅克服现有天然开采柴油的不足,而且,制作成本低,制备方法简单,从而作为石化柴油的替代品,降低了对能源的过度开采和消耗。
4.本发明的合成生物柴油,减少颗粒烟尘、一氧化碳、氧化氮、碳氢化合物等污染物的排放,环保性能好;热值高而节能,且具有高含氧使之能完全燃烧,增大了功率动力,热值高于普通柴油,节油达15%以上。低硫含量减少腐蚀性,延长了机械设备的使用寿命,减少尾气的颗粒排放;纳米燃油添加剂的加入增加了润滑性,减少了活塞环进、排气阀的杆端磨损和边界磨损;自动清洗油路,保持了油泵、喷嘴的清洁,免拆洗和畅通不熄火;热值高功率大,爬坡有劲,热量高;由于纳米添加剂的存在,还减少了发动机汽缸、燃烧室内的积碳和沉淀物,长久储存不变色、不沉淀;本发明的合成生物柴油各质量性能与轻柴油相当,尤其硫含量还低于同类产品的4倍,远远优于国标柴油和国际标准值,这对机械发动机的腐蚀性降低,延长了发动机的使用寿命,更减少了尾气、废弃中颗粒物的排放,更加环保;其完全可以替代现有的0#轻柴油,可广泛应用于汽车、载重车、拖拉机、挖掘机、搅拌机、铲车机、船舶、超有发动机等,其热值高于0#轻柴油2MJ/kg,更适宜锅炉、砖窑厂、铝制品厂等需要高热值的行业,从而降低成本。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例进一步详细描述本发明,但本发明不仅仅局限于以下实施例。
本发明实施例中使用的各原料,均为市售产品。制备过程中使用的仪器设备均为行业常规仪器设备。
实施例1
称取酸化油脂(酸化油)65份,甲醇17份,脱硫重苯12.5份,轻质油(石脑油)5份,催化添加剂0.5份。
把上述各种原料通过计量泵入无压力的容器中,通过电加热静态混合器在30~50℃下,循环8小时后,静置,过滤即为本产品
实施例2
称取酸化油脂(酸化油)52份,甲醇18份,脱硫重苯25.7份,轻质油(石油醚)4份,催化添加剂0.3份。
制备方法同例1。
实施例3
称取酸化油脂(酸化油)60份,甲醇15份,脱硫重苯21.4份,轻质油(常压瓦斯油)3份,催化添加剂0.6份。
制备方法同例1。
对本发明上述实施例制备的样品,进行性能检测:
(1)取以上2公斤放在固定的3匹高速柴油机油箱内,手柄摇。在气温0℃~15℃下,摇几下即会启动,冒黑烟量小,逐渐加大油门,不冒黑烟,嗓声低,说明本产品启动着火性好,低温启动性好。
(2)取以上本品10公斤放入3吨载重空车上(事先3吨载重车的油箱已放完石化柴油),在气温0℃~8℃下,点火启动二下即发动,并能加速行驶。
使用本产品二个月,拆卸检验,油泵喷嘴无堵塞,不积炭,行驶正常。
(3)在实施(2)的前提下,3吨载重车运载3吨货物,在平坦公路上行驶正常,在坡度≥30°的斜坡上,3吨满载重车照常爬坡有劲,说明低温下车辆启动性好,加速性能好,无堵塞,不积炭。
对本发明的上述实施例制备的样品进行质量检测,各性能指标如下表1所示:
表1  本发明合成生物柴油的质量检测结果
Figure BSA00000430724500031
从上表可知,本发明制备的合成生物柴油的各项质量指标均满足标准要求,因此,是一种完全可以替代现有石化石油的可再生的合成生物柴油。

Claims (4)

1.一种合成生物柴油,其特征在于:该柴油由以下重量百分比的各组分制备:酸化油脂50~70%,甲醇10~20%,脱硫重苯10~38%,轻质油1~5%,催化添加剂0.3~0.8%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的合成生物柴油,其特征在于:该柴油由以下重量百分比的各组分制备:酸化油脂50~62%,甲醇10~18%,脱硫重苯15~30%,轻质油3~5%,催化添加剂0.5~0.6%。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的合成生物柴油,其特征在于:所述的轻质油为常压瓦斯油、石脑油、石油醚中的任何一种。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的合成生物柴油,其特征在于:所述的催化添加剂为纳米燃油添加剂。
CN2011100340071A 2011-01-26 2011-01-26 合成生物柴油及其制备方法 Expired - Fee Related CN102134514B (zh)

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CN102329660B (zh) * 2011-08-18 2016-01-13 宁海鑫航环保科技有限公司 合成柴油及其制备方法
CN103897750A (zh) * 2014-04-15 2014-07-02 周鹏阳 一种车用醇基燃料
CN104357101B (zh) * 2014-11-06 2016-10-26 金景达(北京)环保动力科技有限公司 一种高效稳定生物柴油复合燃料
CN105087088A (zh) * 2015-08-04 2015-11-25 郝振荣 新型复合柴油

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1807556A (zh) * 2006-01-25 2006-07-26 仲恺农业技术学院 一种微乳化生物柴油及其制备方法
CN1858160A (zh) * 2006-06-02 2006-11-08 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 采用纳米固体酸或碱催化制备生物柴油的方法
CN1865400A (zh) * 2006-06-16 2006-11-22 刘火成 利用动植物废油生产生物柴油的工艺
CN101245253A (zh) * 2007-02-15 2008-08-20 李英华 生物柴油及其制备方法

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1807556A (zh) * 2006-01-25 2006-07-26 仲恺农业技术学院 一种微乳化生物柴油及其制备方法
CN1858160A (zh) * 2006-06-02 2006-11-08 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 采用纳米固体酸或碱催化制备生物柴油的方法
CN1865400A (zh) * 2006-06-16 2006-11-22 刘火成 利用动植物废油生产生物柴油的工艺
CN101245253A (zh) * 2007-02-15 2008-08-20 李英华 生物柴油及其制备方法

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