CN102133528A - Method for preparing biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst - Google Patents
Method for preparing biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst Download PDFInfo
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- CN102133528A CN102133528A CN201010102289XA CN201010102289A CN102133528A CN 102133528 A CN102133528 A CN 102133528A CN 201010102289X A CN201010102289X A CN 201010102289XA CN 201010102289 A CN201010102289 A CN 201010102289A CN 102133528 A CN102133528 A CN 102133528A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
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- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst, belonging to the technical field of catalysts and preparation thereof. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, preparing a nickel-based catalyst solution, soaking active carbon with the nickel-based catalyst solution, and drying the soaked active carbon; and placing the dried active carbon in a high temperature furnace and roasting, wherein the roasting temperature is 550 to 800 DEG C, and air is isolated or an inert gas is introduced in the roasting process. The catalyst prepared by the method has the advantages of cheap and available raw materials and high catalytic activity, and the deactivated catalyst has electric conductivity of about 0.1 to 0.4 omega .cm and can be used as an electromagnetic shielding material, therefore, secondary pollution caused by a deactivated nickel-based catalyst can be avoided, and considerable economic benefits are brought. Experiments show that the catalytic conversion rate of tar can reach more than 99%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to catalyst and preparing technical field thereof, particularly a kind of preparation method of biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst.
Background technology
China is large agricultural country, and stalk output reaches more than 700,000,000 tons.The gasification central gas supply is one of efficient method of utilizing of stalk, and the atmosphere pollution that can avoid the farmland crop straw burning to cause has important function to improving life of farmers quality and new countryside construction.Except central gas supply, biological fuel gas also can be used as the fuel and the synthetic raw material of Fischer-Tropsch of generating, fuel cell.The key issue that living beings gasification central gas supply faces is removing of tar and utilizes problem.Tar not only can etching apparatus, and can cause pipeline obstruction; If tar directly is discharged, not only energy is wasted, and also can cause the pollution of environment.If can not solve the tar problem well, will limit the application of biological fuel gas.
The more tar removal methods of practical application is the physics removal method, as WATER-WASHING METHOD and dry filtration.But WATER-WASHING METHOD produces a large amount of tar and waste waters, and dry filtration makes that the filtrate that adheres to tar is difficult to handle.The physics removal method has just shifted tar, does not really remove tar, and has wasted the energy that tar contained.Heat chemistry removal method (as pyrolysis method, catforming) can make macromolecular tar change into micromolecular fuel gas, increases gas quantity.But the temperature that needs is higher.And use catalyst can reduce the reaction activity of tar Pintsch process, and promote tar part chemical bond to rupture, be converted into little molecule.The catalyst that uses mainly comprises natural crystal and synthetic catalyst at present.But the natural crystal catalytic activity is lower, and the conversion ratio of tar is difficult to surpass 95% (mass fraction).Alkali-metal carbonate and oxide also can catalyzed conversion tar, but particle agglomeration take place easily and loss of catalytic activity.Nickel-base catalyst has good tar catalyzed conversion function, and the conversion ratio of tar can reach more than 99%, but easily carbon deposit takes place and cause active the reduction.And charcoal has the good catalytic conversion performance under given conditions.Therefore, exploiting economy efficiently tar remove catalyst and have realistic meaning for the development of biomass thermal chemical conversion utilization.
Summary of the invention
The preparation method who the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst, it is characterized in that, this method step is as follows: at first prepare nickel-base catalyst solution, active carbon is soaked with nickel-base catalyst solution, then with soaked active carbon drying; Again that drying is good active carbon is placed on the high temperature kiln roasting, and wherein, sintering temperature is 550-800 ℃, and in roasting process secluding air or feed inert gas.
Described nickel-base catalyst solution is the solution of at least a preparation in nickel nitrate, nickel acetate, the nickel chloride.
The mass fraction of nickel ion is 3.0-10.0% in the described nickel-base catalyst solution.
Described active carbon is to be that feedstock production forms with in charcoal, bamboo charcoal, shell and the fat coal any one.
When described active carbon soaked with nickel-base catalyst solution, soak time was 8-24 hour.
Described drying is carried out under 80-105 ℃.
Be 16-24 hour described drying time.
Described roasting time is 1-6 hour.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst provided by the invention, compare traditional biomass gasification tar cracking catalyst, has following advantage: the raw material cheapness, be easy to get, the catalytic activity height, the conductance of the catalyst of inactivation is between 0.1-0.4 Ω cm, can be used as electromagnetic shielding material, avoid the secondary pollution that causes behind the nickel-base catalyst inactivation, bring considerable economic.The catalytic conversion that experiment showed, tar can reach more than 99%.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment:
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst, step is as follows: at first be raw material preparation nickel-base catalyst solution with the nickel nitrate, the mass fraction of nickel ion is 5.0% in the nickel-base catalyst solution of preparation, active carbon (described active carbon is that feedstock production forms with the charcoal) usefulness nickel-base catalyst solution was soaked 12 hours, then that soaked active carbon is following dry 18 hours at 90 ℃; Again that drying is good active carbon is placed on the high temperature kiln roasting, and wherein, sintering temperature is 600 ℃, and roasting time is 3 hours, and in roasting process secluding air, obtain biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst with after the stove cooling.
The catalytic conversion of the biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst tar that present embodiment makes can reach 99%, and is difficult for carbon deposit takes place, and the decaying catalyst conductance is 0.2 Ω cm.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst, step is as follows: at first be raw material preparation nickel-base catalyst solution with the nickel chloride, the mass fraction of nickel ion is 4.0% in the nickel-base catalyst solution of preparation, active carbon (described active carbon is that feedstock production forms with the bamboo charcoal) usefulness nickel-base catalyst solution was soaked 10 hours, then that soaked active carbon is following dry 22 hours at 105 ℃; Again that drying is good active carbon is placed on the high temperature kiln roasting, and wherein, sintering temperature is 650 ℃, and roasting time is 5 hours, and feeds high pure nitrogen in roasting process, with obtaining biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst after the stove cooling.
The catalytic conversion of the biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst tar that present embodiment makes can reach 99%, and is difficult for carbon deposit takes place, and the decaying catalyst conductance is 0.25 Ω cm.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst, step is as follows: be raw material preparation nickel-base catalyst solution with nickel nitrate, nickel acetate, nickel chloride at first, the mass fraction of nickel ion is 8.0% in the nickel-base catalyst solution of preparation, active carbon (described active carbon is that feedstock production forms with the shell) usefulness nickel-base catalyst solution was soaked 20 hours, then that soaked active carbon is following dry 20 hours at 100 ℃; Again that drying is good active carbon is placed on the high temperature kiln roasting, and wherein, sintering temperature is 750 ℃, and roasting time is 4 hours, and feeds high pure nitrogen in roasting process, with obtaining biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst after the stove cooling.
The catalytic conversion of the biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst tar that present embodiment makes can reach 99%, and is difficult for carbon deposit takes place, and the decaying catalyst conductance is 0.15 Ω cm.
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst, step is as follows: be raw material preparation nickel-base catalyst solution with nickel nitrate, nickel acetate at first, the mass fraction of nickel ion is 3.0% in the nickel-base catalyst solution of preparation, active carbon (described active carbon is that feedstock production forms with the fat coal) usefulness nickel-base catalyst solution was soaked 18 hours, then that soaked active carbon is following dry 24 hours at 80 ℃; Again that drying is good active carbon is placed on the high temperature kiln roasting, and wherein, sintering temperature is 800 ℃, and roasting time is 6 hours, and feeds high pure nitrogen in roasting process, with obtaining biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst after the stove cooling.
The catalytic conversion of the biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst tar that present embodiment makes can reach 99%, and is difficult for carbon deposit takes place, and the decaying catalyst conductance is 0.4 Ω cm.
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation method of biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst, step is as follows: at first be raw material preparation nickel-base catalyst solution with the nickel acetate, the mass fraction of nickel ion is 6.0% in the nickel-base catalyst solution of preparation, active carbon (described active carbon is that feedstock production forms with the charcoal) usefulness nickel-base catalyst solution was soaked 22 hours, then that soaked active carbon is following dry 16 hours at 95 ℃; Again that drying is good active carbon is placed on the high temperature kiln roasting, and wherein, sintering temperature is 700 ℃, and roasting time is 2 hours, and feeds high pure nitrogen in roasting process, with obtaining biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst after the stove cooling.
The catalytic conversion of the biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst tar that present embodiment makes can reach 99%, and is difficult for carbon deposit takes place, and the decaying catalyst conductance is 0.18 Ω cm.
Embodiment 6
A kind of preparation method of biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst, step is as follows: be raw material preparation nickel-base catalyst solution with nickel nitrate, nickel chloride at first, the mass fraction of nickel ion is 9.0% in the nickel-base catalyst solution of preparation, active carbon (described active carbon is that feedstock production forms with the bamboo charcoal) usefulness nickel-base catalyst solution was soaked 24 hours, then that soaked active carbon is following dry 21 hours at 85 ℃; Again that drying is good active carbon is placed on the high temperature kiln roasting, and wherein, sintering temperature is 770 ℃, and roasting time is 1 hour, and feeds high pure nitrogen in roasting process, with obtaining biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst after the stove cooling.
The catalytic conversion of the biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst tar that present embodiment makes can reach 99%, and is difficult for carbon deposit takes place, and the decaying catalyst conductance is 0.12 Ω cm.
Claims (8)
1. the preparation method of a biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst is characterized in that, this method step is as follows: at first prepare nickel-base catalyst solution, active carbon is soaked with nickel-base catalyst solution, then with soaked active carbon drying; Again that drying is good active carbon is placed on the high temperature kiln roasting, and wherein, sintering temperature is 550-800 ℃, and in roasting process secluding air or feed inert gas.
2. the preparation method of a kind of biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described nickel-base catalyst solution is the solution of at least a preparation in nickel nitrate, nickel acetate, the nickel chloride.
3. the preparation method of a kind of biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the mass fraction of nickel ion is 3.0-10.0% in the described nickel-base catalyst solution.
4. the preparation method of a kind of biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described active carbon is to be that feedstock production forms with in charcoal, bamboo charcoal, shell and the fat coal any one.
5. the preparation method of a kind of biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst according to claim 1 is characterized in that, when described active carbon soaked with nickel-base catalyst solution, soak time was 8-24 hour.
6. the preparation method of a kind of biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described drying is carried out under 80-105 ℃.
7. the preparation method of a kind of biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst according to claim 1 is characterized in that, be 16-24 hour described drying time.
8. the preparation method of a kind of biomass gasification tar cracking composite catalyst according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described roasting time is 1-6 hour.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102533340A (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2012-07-04 | 北京金骄生物质化工有限公司 | Method utilizing waste biomasses to prepare biogas |
| CN102634357A (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2012-08-15 | 华北电力大学 | Method for preparing liquid fuel through mesoporous silica hollow sphere based catalyst |
| CN104152186A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2014-11-19 | 卢元强 | Method and device for pyrolysis of wood tar through microwave |
| CN108636411A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-10-12 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | A kind of preparation method and applications of the efficient catalyst for cracking of biomass coke tar |
| CN109126799A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2019-01-04 | 淮阴工学院 | A kind of red brick powder supported nickel catalyst and preparation method for biomass char oil-breaking reformation |
| CN109529847A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-03-29 | 江汉大学 | A kind of method and application preparing carbon base catalyst using waste residue of Chinese herbs |
| CN110257096A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-09-20 | 南阳师范学院 | A method of bio oil is prepared using lignin |
| CN114950438A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-08-30 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Preparation method of nickel-based catalyst for improving low-temperature reforming performance of biomass tar |
| CN115404105A (en) * | 2022-10-05 | 2022-11-29 | 中国海洋大学 | Method and device for preparing hydrogen-rich gas by cracking and reforming biomass tar |
| CN117654514A (en) * | 2023-12-18 | 2024-03-08 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Efficient regeneration method of deactivated biochar-based tar reforming catalyst |
-
2010
- 2010-01-27 CN CN201010102289XA patent/CN102133528A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102533340A (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2012-07-04 | 北京金骄生物质化工有限公司 | Method utilizing waste biomasses to prepare biogas |
| CN102634357A (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2012-08-15 | 华北电力大学 | Method for preparing liquid fuel through mesoporous silica hollow sphere based catalyst |
| CN104152186A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2014-11-19 | 卢元强 | Method and device for pyrolysis of wood tar through microwave |
| CN108636411A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-10-12 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | A kind of preparation method and applications of the efficient catalyst for cracking of biomass coke tar |
| CN109126799A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2019-01-04 | 淮阴工学院 | A kind of red brick powder supported nickel catalyst and preparation method for biomass char oil-breaking reformation |
| CN109126799B (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2021-04-23 | 淮阴工学院 | Red brick powder loaded nickel catalyst for biomass tar cracking and reforming and preparation method thereof |
| CN109529847A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-03-29 | 江汉大学 | A kind of method and application preparing carbon base catalyst using waste residue of Chinese herbs |
| CN110257096A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-09-20 | 南阳师范学院 | A method of bio oil is prepared using lignin |
| CN114950438A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-08-30 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Preparation method of nickel-based catalyst for improving low-temperature reforming performance of biomass tar |
| CN115404105A (en) * | 2022-10-05 | 2022-11-29 | 中国海洋大学 | Method and device for preparing hydrogen-rich gas by cracking and reforming biomass tar |
| CN117654514A (en) * | 2023-12-18 | 2024-03-08 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Efficient regeneration method of deactivated biochar-based tar reforming catalyst |
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Application publication date: 20110727 |