CN102132019B - 具有旁路系统的选择性催化剂还原系统 - Google Patents

具有旁路系统的选择性催化剂还原系统 Download PDF

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CN102132019B
CN102132019B CN200980104621.1A CN200980104621A CN102132019B CN 102132019 B CN102132019 B CN 102132019B CN 200980104621 A CN200980104621 A CN 200980104621A CN 102132019 B CN102132019 B CN 102132019B
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scr reactor
scr
exhaust gas
air
waste gas
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CN102132019A (zh
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黄桂胤
黄星喆
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Kwang Sung Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/58—Ammonia
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/8631—Processes characterised by a specific device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2053—By-passing catalytic reactors, e.g. to prevent overheating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
    • B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
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    • B01D2251/2067—Urea
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/45—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
    • B01D2259/4566—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for use in transportation means
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    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N2410/00—By-passing, at least partially, exhaust from inlet to outlet of apparatus, to atmosphere or to other device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
    • F01N2590/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for marine vessels or naval applications
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    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
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    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
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Abstract

此处公开一种船舶的SCR系统，用于在进行废气净化之后将废气从船舶的废气源排放到外界。该SCR系统包括：SCR反应器，在其前端连接到所述废气源，并且其包括被引入到SCR反应器的由废气活化的催化剂；还原剂供应管线，其供应NH3或尿素到SCR反应器；以及旁路系统，其促使从所述废气源排放的废气绕过SCR反应器。

Description

具有旁路系统的选择性催化剂还原系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请根据35 U.S.A.§119要求于2009年9月18日向韩国专利局提交的韩国专利申请第10-2009-0088727号的权益，其全部内容在此通过引用并入。
技术领域
本公开涉及还原废气中的氮氧化物(NOx)的选择性催化剂还原(SCR)系统，更具体地，涉及一种净化从船舶排放的废气的SCR系统。本发明适用任何种类的船舶，并且已经被开发以满足多种规章。
背景技术
SCR系统用于还原在船舶工作中产生的废气中的氮氧化物(NOx)。例如，SCR为了还原从船舶发动机或液化天然气运输船的锅炉中排放的氮氧化物的目的而被提供。SCR系统基于选择性催化剂还原方法，并且被配置为，在使还原剂和废气同时经过催化剂的同时，通过与还原剂反应将NOx还原为氮气和蒸汽。在最近几年，进行了各种尝试来改善用于船舶的SCR系统，但是由于这些船舶操作的独特条件，诸如海上的运动和振动以及从其中产生的大的负载，仍然很难实现满意结果。
通常地，SCR系统采用NH3和尿素作为用于还原NOx的还原剂。此外，SCR系统采用在330～400℃活化的高温催化剂。由此，常规SCR系统包括位于SCR反应器的壳体的前端的用于加热废气的再热系统，其中容纳催化剂，以便对应于催化剂的活化温度增加反应效率。此外，在常规SCR系统中，灰尘收集器被设置在SCR反应器的壳体的后部，以减小在SCR反应器中已经完成反应的废气中的颗粒材料、微粒、细灰尘等的量。
再热系统和/或灰尘收集器造成SCR系统的整体大小增加。因此，将常规SCR系统设置到相对窄的船舶上是很不利的，因为导致船舶的可用空间进一步减小。此外，SCR系统必需要考虑被提供SCR系统的船舶的条件进行设计，但是提供再热系统和/或灰尘收集器可造成很难获得SCR系统的整体设计，其必须在考虑船舶的条件的情况下进行。另外，再热系统和/或灰尘收集器造成SCR系统的安装成本显著增加以及需要对其的管理成本。
此外，由于常规SCR系统当供应诸如尿素或NH3的还原剂到SCR反应器中时需要使用高压空气，因此常规SCR系统要求复杂的管道或安装以引导高压空气到供应还原剂的管线以及使用压缩机。另外，常规SCR系统在以高纯度供应尿素或NH3到SCR反应器方面具有限制。
具体地，由于用于船舶的常规SCR系统在异常或紧急状态时不能停止废气源例如锅炉或发动机的运作，因此，不可能或很难修理或更换异常部件、破损部件或不运转部件而不停止废气源的运作。
发明内容
本发明提供一种用于船舶的SCR系统，其包括旁路系统，该旁路系统允许废气绕过SCR反应器，以便在SCR系统异常或紧急状态时使得破坏或不运转部件或组件可被修理或更换而不停止废气源的运作。
根据一个方面，提供一种船舶的SCR系统，用于在进行废气净化之后将废气从船舶的废气源排放到外界。所述SCR系统包括：SCR反应器，在其前端连接到所述废气源，并且其包括被引入到SCR反应器的由废气活化的催化剂；还原剂供应管线，其供应NH3或尿素到SCR反应器；以及旁路系统，其促使从所述废气源排放的废气绕过SCR反应器。
旁路系统可以包括在其两端连接到所述SCR反应器的前端和后端的旁路管线；以及旁路挡板，其分别设置在所述旁路管线的两端，以在正常状态下闭合所述旁路管线而在异常状态下打开所述旁路管线。
SCR反应器可以在其前端设有用于均匀混合NH3或尿素和废气的混合器以及用于在催化剂中均匀分布废气的气闸。
SCR反应器可以设有空气吹灰器(air soot blower)，其将从空气管线供应的空气吹向所述催化剂以从所述催化剂去除外来物质。
附图说明
图1是根据本公开的第一实施方式的用于船舶的SCR系统的图；
图2是根据本公开的第二实施方式的用于船舶的SCR系统的图；
图3是根据本公开的第三实施方式的用于船舶的SCR系统的图；
图4是图3所示的第三实施方式的修改图；
图5是根据本公开的第四实施方式的用于船舶的SCR系统的图；以及
图6是图4所示的第四实施方式的修改图。
具体实施方式
本公开的示例实施方式将参照附图详细描述。以下实施方式通过图解给出，以向本领域技术人员提供对本发明的充分理解。因此，应理解本发明不限于这些实施方式，并且可以采用不同形式而不背离本发明的范围。类似地，应注意附图不是按精确比例，并且诸如宽度、长度、厚度等的一些尺寸为了清楚描述在附图中被夸大。贯穿整个说明书和附图，类似元件用类似的参考数字表示。此外，附图中表示的元件或信号的术语在下面的表1中列出。
表1
Figure BPA00001190600500031
Figure BPA00001190600500041
第一实施方式
图1是根据本公开的第一实施方式用于船舶的SCR系统的图。在此，术语“船舶”不仅仅指具有推进发动机的典型船而且指代任何海上漂浮结构。
参照图1，本实施方式的SCR系统包括SCR反应器2，在其前端连接到废气源1。废气源1可以包括船舶中用于推进或其它目的的发动机、液化天然气运输装置中的锅炉、以及经过在船舶中燃烧排放废气的其它种类的装置。SCR反应器2包括通过选择性催化剂还原来还原废气中的NOx的催化剂。在SCR反应器2的壳体中，NOx通过在存在催化剂的情况下与还原剂反应被还原为氮气。
根据本实施方式的船舶用SCR系统不设有用于加热废气的再热系统，其通常设置在常规SCR系统中的SCR反应器的前端。但是，在本实施方式的SCR系统中，SCR反应器2包括在低于320℃且优选地低于300℃的温度下活化的催化剂。催化剂活化温度的下限被设定接近当废气通过SCR反应器2时该废气的温度，同时满足低于320℃且优选地低于300℃的温度条件。即，在本实施方式中，考虑到从废气源1排出的废气的温度降低，SCR系统选择和使用具有对应于通过SCR反应系统2的废气的温度的活化温度的催化剂。
SCR反应器2可以包括具有不同活化温度的两种催化剂。这有助于扩大在SCR反应器2中发生的催化反应的温度范围。除了用于还原NOx的催化剂之外，SCR反应器2还可以包括用于还原其它成分的额外催化剂。
在本实施方式中，SCR反应器2不设置灰尘收集器，其通常设置在常规系统中的SCR反应器的后端。但是，本实施方式的SCR系统可以包括位于SCR反应器2之内的振动控制结构，使得颗粒材料、微粒或细灰尘可以在SCR反应器2之内通过振动控制结构收集。
在本实施方式的SCR系统中，SCR反应器2可以在其后端设置能够检测废气中的NOx、NH3、颗粒材料(PM)、HC、SO2、CO、CO2、O2等的各种传感器11。此外，SCR反应器2在其后端设有用于基于来自传感器11的信息分析废气中诸如NOx、NH3、PM、HC、SO2、CO、CO2、O2等残留成分的分析器7。各种传感器11和分析器7被ECU 5控制。ECU 5不仅电子控制传感器11和分析器7，而且电子控制其它装置，诸如阀和泵。此外，本实施方式的SCR系统包括负责整体系统控制和监视、系统开/关和污染物特别是NOx的还原效率显示的OBM系统6。
在本实施方式中，船舶用SCR系统包括将空气供应到SCR反应器2之内或其附近的空气吹灰器(air soot blower)8中的空气管线3。空气吹灰器8通过将供应自空气管线3的空气吹向SCR反应器2中的催化剂而将外来物质从催化剂中去除。
在本实施方式中，SCR系统包括供应上述还原剂到SCR反应器2以还原NOx的还原剂供应管线4。还原剂供应管线4供应NH3或尿素到SCR反应器2中，在SCR反应器2中在存在催化剂的情况下NH3或尿素与废气中的NOx反应以还原NOx。
空气管线3包括一管线，其从延伸到空气吹灰器的管线分出来并连接到还原剂供应管线4。这种空气管线3的结构被称为“双路”空气管线。双路空气管线3包括参与空气吹灰器8的工作的一个空气管线和用于推动NH3或尿素到SCR反应器2中的注入喷嘴12的另一空气管线。
此外，本实施方式的SCR系统包括布置在SCR反应器2的入口以在催化剂中平均分配废气的气闸(damper)9。此外，混合器10被设置在SCR反应器前端气闸9的上游以均匀混合废气和NH3/尿素。SCR反应器2的前端还设有各种传感器11，其测量和分析废气净化之前即废气通过SCR反应器2之前废气中NOx、NH3、PM、HC、SO2、CO、CO2、O2等的量。分析的信息将与已经通过SCR反应器2的净化废气中的成分的信息比较。
第二实施方式：单路空气管线
图2是根据第二实施方式用于船舶的SCR系统的图。
参照图2，本实施方式的SCR系统包括用于供应NH3/尿素到SCR反应器2的还原剂供应管线4。还原剂供应管线4延伸到位于SCR反应器2前端的喷嘴12，而不是如以上实施方式连接到空气管线3。由于还原剂供应管线4使用本身并入还原剂供应管线4中的供应装置诸如泵等直接供应NH3/尿素到位于SCR反应器2前端的喷嘴12，因此简化系统的管道结构以及能够使用更高纯度的NH3或尿素还原NOx是可能的。为此，SCR系统可以包括用于控制泵中或连接到泵的控制管线中的NH3或尿素通量的装置。在此结构中，本实施方式的空气管线3包括单个管线，其将参与空气吹灰器8的工作，并且被称为“单路空气管线”。本实施方式的其它部分与第一实施方式的那些相同，其描述在此被省略。
第三实施方式：用于防地震/隔震/振动控制的防振装置
图3是根据第三实施方式用于船舶的SCR系统的图。
参照图3，本实施方式的SCR系统包括用于在SCR反应器2中防地震/隔震/振动控制的防振装置。由于船舶在海上时在其自身动力下运动或被波浪移动，因此船舶承受严重的振动和大的负载。因此，本实施方式的SCR系统包括在SCR反应器2中的防振装置14。在此，防振装置14可以具有悬挂结构，但不限于此。此外，设置在SCR反应器2的前端和后端的每个管道具有柔性连接结构，以确保防振装置14相对于SCR反应器2的良好运转。在本实施方式中，柔性接头13被用于到SCR反应器2前端和后端的管道连接。图3所示的SCR系统包括单路空气管线3。
然而，应理解防振装置14可以被应用于包括双路空气管线的系统。图4示出包括防振装置14和双路空气管线3的SCR系统。
本实施方式的其它部分类似于第一和第二实施方式的那些，其描述在此被省略。
第四实施方式：旁路系统
图5是根据第四实施方式用于船舶的SCR系统的图。
参照图5，本实施方式的SCR系统包括旁路系统，其允许在SCR系统异常或紧急状态时，修理或更换破损或不运转部件或组件特别是SCR反应器2的破损组件，而不停止废气源1的工作。
在本实施方式中，旁路系统包括旁路管线16和旁路挡板17。旁路管线16在其两端分别连接到SCR反应器2的前端和后端。气体在正常状态下流经SCR反应器2，但在异常或紧急状态下绕过SCR反应器2，从SCR反应器2的前端流过旁路管线16到后端。一对旁路挡板17被分别设置到旁路管线16的相对端。当在正常状态下打开SCR反应器2中的路径时，该对旁路挡板17闭合旁路管线16的相对端，而在异常或紧急状态下打开旁路管线16的相对端同时闭合SCR反应器2的路径。
图5所示的SCR系统是包括单路空气管线3的船舶用SCR系统。然而，应当理解旁路管线和旁路挡板也可以应用于包括双路空气管线的SCR系统。图6示出包括旁路管线16、旁路挡板17、以及双路空气管线3的SCR系统。
本实施方式的其它部分类似于上述实施方式的那些，其描述在此被省略。
在此，根据实施方式的SCR系统已经被阐述为应用于船舶。然而明显地，根据实施方式的SCR系统也可以应用于包括排放废气的装置的陆基厂房。
同样地，根据一个实施方式，SCR系统的旁路系统允许废气绕过哦SCR反应器，使得在SCR系统异常或紧急状态时破损或不运转的部件或组件可以被修理或更换而不停止废气源的运作。
以上描述的各种实施方式能够被组合来提供其它实施方式。如果必要，实施方式的方面可以被修改，采用各种专利、申请和出版物的概念来提供其它进一步的实施方式。
鉴于以上的详细描述，可以对实施方式进行这些和其它改变。一般而言，在所附权利要求中，所使用的术语不应被理解为将权利要求限于说明书和权利要求中公开的具体实施方式，而应当理解包括所有可能的实施方式以及这些权利要求授权的全部范围的等价物。因此，权利要求不被本公开限制。

Claims (2)

1.一种船舶的SCR系统，用于在进行废气净化之后将废气从船舶中的废气源排放到外界，包括：
SCR反应器，所述SCR反应器在其前端连接到所述废气源，并且其包括由引入到所述SCR反应器的废气活化的催化剂；
还原剂供应管线，其供应NH3或尿素到所述SCR反应器；
双路空气管线，其具有可操作地连接至所述还原剂供应管线的第一分支和可操作地连接至所述SCR反应器的中间部分以供应空气至空气吹灰器的第二分支，所述空气吹灰器被配置为将自双路空气管线的第二分支供应的空气吹向所述催化剂，以从所述催化剂去除外来物质；
混合器，其被设置在所述SCR反应器前端以混合废气和NH3或尿素；以及
旁路系统，其促使从所述废气源排放的废气绕过所述SCR反应器，
其中所述旁路系统包括在其两端连接到所述SCR反应器的前端和后端的旁路管线；以及一对旁路挡板，其分别设置在所述旁路管线的两端，以在正常状态下闭合所述旁路管线而在异常状态下打开所述旁路管线，并且
其中当在正常状态下打开SCR反应器中的路径时，该对旁路挡板闭合旁路管线的相对端，而在异常或紧急状态下打开旁路管线的相对端同时闭合SCR反应器的路径。
2.根据权利要求1所述的SCR系统，其中所述SCR反应器在前端设有用于在催化剂中均匀分配废气的气闸。
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