CN102122885A - Method for controlling alternated phase shift PWM (pulse width modulation) wave - Google Patents
Method for controlling alternated phase shift PWM (pulse width modulation) wave Download PDFInfo
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- CN102122885A CN102122885A CN2011100583393A CN201110058339A CN102122885A CN 102122885 A CN102122885 A CN 102122885A CN 2011100583393 A CN2011100583393 A CN 2011100583393A CN 201110058339 A CN201110058339 A CN 201110058339A CN 102122885 A CN102122885 A CN 102122885A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling an alternated phase shift PWM (pulse width modulation) wave, which is used for controlling the PWM wave of a two-phase interleaved voltage-multiplying Boost converter. If the converter runs in an inductance current continuous mode or when the duty ratio is more than or equal to 0.5, PWM wave switch command signals are supplied to the switch tubes of two voltage-multiplying Boost converting units in the manner of a fixed phase shift angle phi. If the converter runs in the inductance current discontinuous mode when the duty ratio is less than 0.5, the PWM wave switch command signals are supplied to the switch tubes of the two voltage-multiplying Boost converting units in the manner of alternated phase shift by exchanging phase sequence according to switch periods one by one at a floating phase shift angle 2Dphi which changes with the switch duty ratio, thereby controlling the switch-on/off of the converter switch tubes. By using the method provided by the invention, the problem of the interleaved voltage-multiplying Boost converter that the switch tube voltage stress is increased and the running performance is decreased because the voltage-multiplying capacitance voltage is reduced by using the traditional method under the light loading condition can be simply and efficiently solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the pulse width modulation ripple control method of switch converters, in particular for the alternately phase-shift pulse width modulated ripple control method of the multiplication of voltage Boost converter of two-phase crisscross parallel.
Background technology
High step-up ratio DC-DC converter is widely used in fields such as electric automobile, generation of electricity by new energy, uninterrupted power supply, and its high dc gain is realized by methods such as high frequency transformer, coupling inductance and switching capacities usually.Some in conjunction with the mixed type converter of switching capacity, demonstrate advantages such as high conversion efficiency, low voltage stress, light and low cost on traditional basic transformation circuit base, be its typical case's representative as two-phase crisscross parallel multiplication of voltage Boost converter.Fig. 1 is two-phase crisscross parallel multiplication of voltage Boost inverter main circuit and control system block diagram, wherein inductance L 1, switch transistor T 1 and diode D1, form two Boost converter units in parallel of this converter respectively with inductance L 2, switch transistor T 2 and diode D2, two switching capacity voltage-multiplying circuits that capacitor C M1, diode DM1 and capacitor C M2, diode DM2 form provide the one-level function of increasing pressure for each converter unit.Usually, it is pulse width modulation (PWM) the ripple control of π that two Boost converter units of this converter adopt traditional phase shifting angle, i.e. half switch periods of its switching tube mutual deviation (T/2) alternation is shown in Fig. 2 (a).In normal working conditions, this converter using crisscross parallel mode has been disperseed transform power and electric current, has been reduced the ripple of input current and output voltage, adopting multiplication of voltage electric capacity to make its output voltage is the twice of common Boost converter under the same duty cycle condition, and the voltage stress of multiplication of voltage electric capacity and switching tube only is output voltage half.Above-mentioned characteristic makes this converter attractive in big capacity, high step-up ratio, non-isolated DC translation circuit.
But adopting traditional phase shifting angle is pulse width modulation (PWM) the ripple control of π, and the two Boost converters that are in parallel can enter discontinuous current pattern (DCM) and the problem that runnability descends occur when underloading.Because under DCM, duty cycle of switching D will diminish along with alleviating of load.As duty cycle of switching D during less than a critical value, the multiplication of voltage capacitance voltage will reduce and descend with D, cause the problem such as rising, loss increase of converter switches voltage stress.This as fields such as uninterrupted power supplys, has limited the use or the performance performance of this quasi-converter in the application scenario that many light runnings are difficult to avoid.Therefore, be necessary to adopt suitable control mode to solve the light running problem of converter.
The conventional method that solves the underloading problem mainly contains:
(1) increases input inductance or raising switching frequency.But this method is subject to the device performance restriction, and can not thoroughly solve the light running problem of converter.
(2) increase the crisscross parallel number of phases.But this method has increased number of elements, and still can not fundamentally solve the underloading problem.
(3) adopt intermittently control.But this method can be introduced bigger input current and output voltage ripple, and may cause audio-frequency noise.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of alternately phase-shift pulse width modulated ripple control method, the operation of control two-phase crisscross parallel multiplication of voltage Boost converter, overcome that multiplication of voltage capacitance voltage that existing method occurred descends and the problem that causes switch tube voltage stress to increase under the underloading condition, and avoid inverter main circuit number of elements and cost to increase or the obvious decline of runnabilities such as voltage and current ripple, noise, keep characteristics such as its high step-up ratio, switch tube voltage stress are low.
Alternately phase-shift pulse width modulated ripple control method of the present invention, comprise two-phase crisscross parallel multiplication of voltage Boost inverter main circuit, be used to import testing circuit with the output voltage current measurement, be used for the controller that duty cycle of switching calculates and pulse width modulation (PWM) waveform takes place, and according to the drive circuit of pwm signal control change device switching tube work, wherein inverter main circuit comprises the multiplication of voltage Boost converter unit and the public direct-current input power supply thereof of two crisscross parallels of same structure, direct current output capacitance and load, connected between the input inductance of each converter unit and output diode and be used to export the multiplication of voltage electric capacity that polarity is arranged of multiplication of voltage, its negative pole is connected to the multiplication of voltage capacitance cathode of another converter unit by the multiplication of voltage diode, it is characterized in that being used for duty cycle of switching calculates and the controller of pulse width modulation (PWM) waveform generation duty ratio greater than with equaled 0.5 o'clock or when the inductive current continuous mode moves, pulse width modulation ripple switch command signal is provided for the switching tube of two multiplication of voltage Boost converter units in the mode of fixed phase drift π angle, in duty ratio less than 0.5 and inductive current discontinuous mode when operation, the unsteady phase shifting angle 2D π that employing changes with duty cycle of switching, alternately phase shift system with the exchange of switch periods one by one phase sequence provides pulse width modulation ripple switch command signal, the conducting and the shutoff of control change device switching tube for the switching tube of two multiplication of voltage Boost converter units.
Method of the present invention has solved the operating underloading problem of two-phase crisscross parallel multiplication of voltage Boost converter, converter can work in the DCM pattern under less duty ratio condition, voltage stress of power switches is restricted, make converter lower switching device of selection work voltage when realizing high step-up ratio, thereby the optimization system design, the efficient and the performance of raising converter.
Control method simple possible of the present invention, than traditional underloading problem-solving approach, input current ripple and output voltage ripple reduce, and switch is in constant switching frequency work, need not extra components and parts or use intermittently control, also avoided problems such as noise and cost increase.Thereby it is simpler more, effective than traditional control method.Improve in systematic function, also improved system reliability when reducing the control system cost.
It is the DC-DC DC converter of power switch that the present invention is applicable to semiconductor device such as MOSFET, IGBT, is used for various power-supply systems such as solar energy, fuel cell power generation and electric automobile power inverter.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is two-phase crisscross parallel multiplication of voltage Boost inverter main circuit and control system block diagram;
Fig. 2 (a) is existing two-phase crisscross parallel multiplication of voltage Boost converter switches pipe PWM instruction oscillogram, corresponding switching tube conducting when switch command S1, S2 are high level, corresponding switching tube turn-offs when being zero, two-phase switch PWM wave phase is poor π angle successively, also is time difference half switch periods (T/2).
Fig. 2 (b) is the two-phase crisscross parallel multiplication of voltage Boost converter switches pipe PWM instruction oscillogram that adopts the inventive method, and two-phase switch PWM ripple phase shift 2D π angle also is the time difference to equal DT, and alternately changes sequencing in each switch periods.
Fig. 3 (a) is the experimental waveform that converter obtains when working in DCM under traditional control method.
The experimental waveform that Fig. 3 (b) obtains when working in DCM when being converter using the inventive method.
Fig. 4 adopts the alternately concrete legend of phase-shift pulse width modulated waveform controlling method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is two-phase crisscross parallel multiplication of voltage Boost inverter main circuit and control system block diagram, comprise two-phase crisscross parallel multiplication of voltage Boost inverter main circuit, be used to import testing circuit with the output voltage current measurement, be used for the controller that duty cycle of switching calculates and pulse width modulation (PWM) waveform takes place, and according to the drive circuit of pwm signal control change device power switch, wherein inverter main circuit comprises the multiplication of voltage Boost converter unit and the public direct-current input power supply Vin thereof of two crisscross parallels of same structure, direct current output capacitance Co and load Ro, connected between the input inductance L1 of first multiplication of voltage Boost converter unit and output diode D1 and be used to export the multiplication of voltage capacitor C M1 that polarity is arranged of multiplication of voltage, connected between the input inductance L2 of second multiplication of voltage Boost converter unit and output diode D2 and be used to export the multiplication of voltage capacitor C M2 that polarity is arranged of multiplication of voltage, multiplication of voltage capacitor C M1 negative pole is connected to the multiplication of voltage capacitor C M2 positive pole of another converter unit by multiplication of voltage diode DM1, and multiplication of voltage capacitor C M2 negative pole is connected to the multiplication of voltage capacitor C M1 positive pole of another converter unit by multiplication of voltage diode DM2.
Operation principle of the present invention is described as follows:
Under traditional control model, when two-phase crisscross parallel multiplication of voltage Boost converter works in DCM pattern and duty ratio D less than 0.5 the time, two states that switching tube turn-offs simultaneously can appear, inductive energy storage will discharge to output by multiplication of voltage electric capacity and output diode this moment, and be accompanied by the multiplication of voltage capacitance discharges.Because giving the energy source of multiplication of voltage electric capacity charging is the inductive energy storage of another phase inversion unit, and charging is could realize when the switching tube conducting of this multiplication of voltage electric capacity place converter unit, and the inductive energy storage of another phase inversion unit discharges to output when two switching tubes turn-off simultaneously before this.Therefore, be accompanied by D continue reduce, the switching tube conducting reduced to the time that inductance magnetizes, and two switching tubes are all the time of off-state and increase, and will cause the multiplication of voltage capacitor discharge time to increase and the inductance dump energy of charging descends.When being decreased to certain particular value, can cause D the residual induction energy shortage that charges to multiplication of voltage electric capacity with compensation multiplication of voltage capacitance discharges amount, translation circuit can't be kept normal steady operation, at this moment, the voltage of multiplication of voltage electric capacity will drop to lower value, cause switch tube voltage stress to rise synchronously.Under supposition multiplication of voltage capacitor charge and discharge process loss-free ideal conditions, keeping the multiplication of voltage capacitance voltage is half minimum critical duty ratio D of output voltage
mBe shown below, wherein n is converter output voltage and input voltage ratio.
Under discontinuous current pattern (DCM), be half of output voltage for keeping the multiplication of voltage capacitance voltage, must limit two switching tubes and turn-off the time that is continued simultaneously.Alternately phase shifting control pulse width modulation control method of the present invention, when D＜0.5 and Converter in DCM operation, the phase shifting angle between the two-phase converter unit is reduced into 2D π (being reduced into the ON time DT of switching tube by the phase difference of time calculating from T/2) from fixed value π exactly, it is open-minded immediately promptly to close another phase switch of having no progeny at last phase switch, thereby the energy that makes last phase inductance storage is preferentially transferred in the multiplication of voltage electric capacity of back one phase, then by exchanging the method for two-phase precedence, in two switch periods (T), make the alternately conducting successively of switching tube of two-phase converter unit, making the multiplication of voltage electric capacity of two-phase converter unit obtain balance replenishes, keep electric voltage equalization and do not descend, thereby make each power switch that a lower voltage stress be arranged.
When D＜0.5 and Converter in DCM operation, adopt method of the present invention, two-phase crisscross parallel multiplication of voltage Boost converter switches pipe PWM instruction waveform is referring to Fig. 2 (b).
Adopt the effect of method of the present invention can be referring to Fig. 3 provided and the experimental result of conventional method contrast.Fig. 3 (a) is depicted as the switch tube voltage experimental waveform that obtains when converter works in DCM under traditional control method.Duty ratio D=0.457, the actual input voltage of converter is 80V, output voltage is 674V.The multiplication of voltage capacitance voltage that experiment obtains is 254V, less than half output voltage.Switch tube voltage stress is 425V, much larger than half (Vo/2) of output voltage.Fig. 3 (b) is depicted as the voltage waveform of the switch transistor T 1 when employing is of the present invention to replace phase-shifting control method.At this moment, duty ratio D=0.2, input voltage are 120V, and output voltage is 700V.In the experimentation, the ceiling voltage stress of multiplication of voltage capacitance voltage and switching tube is maintained 350V, shows that method of the present invention is effective.
Figure 4 shows that and adopt the alternately concrete legend of phase-shift pulse width modulated waveform controlling method of the present invention.The PWM waveform generator adopts circuit shown in Figure 4, comprise two LM555 timer U1 generating the two phase PWM ripple and U2, according to different service conditionss implement PWM waveform switching controls 3 multiplexer U3, U7, U8, be used for two phasing commutator pwm signal phase sequences periodically the D flip-flop U5 of conversion control and logic inverter U4 and with door U6.Duty cycle of switching control signal VD is connected to No. 5 foot control system inputs of timer U1 and timer U2, under the triggering of No. 2 pin signal trailing edges, timer U1 and timer U2 are subjected to the pwm signal of duty cycle of switching D modulation at No. 3 pin output pulse widths, and its phase place and cycle are decided by the triggering signal of No. 2 pin.This example of square-wave signal BS(with switching frequency vibration is 10kHz) put on No. 2 pin of timer U1 through not gate U4, the pwm signal PS1 that makes its No. 3 pin outputs is consistent with square-wave signal BS on phase place and frequency.On the other hand, controller adopts control to select CS signal and square-wave signal BS to control the output waveform of switching three multiplexer U3, U7, U8 through the signal of D flip-flop U5 two divided-frequency.
When converter operates in inductive current continuous mode or duty ratio D 〉=0.5, it is zero that the CS signal is selected in control, multiplexer U3 makes No. 2 pin that square-wave signal BS delivers to timer U2 its No. 3 pin export the pwm signal PS2 of same frequencys, phase lag π angle.At this moment, the multiplexer U7 gating pwm signal PS1 consistent, i.e. switch command signal S1=PS1 of converter switches T1 on phase place and frequency with square-wave signal BS; The pwm signal PS2 of multiplexer U8 gating same frequency, phase lag π angle, i.e. the switch command signal S2=PS2 of converter switches T2;
When converter operated in DCM and duty ratio D＜0.5, it was 1 that the CS signal is selected in control, and multiplexer U3 delivers to No. 2 pin of timer U2 to the PS1 signal, made the pwm signal PS2 of its No. 3 pin output same frequencys, phase lag 2D π angle.At this moment, consistent with door U6 output signal and D flip-flop U5 output, under its effect multiplexer U7 and multiplexer U8 one by one switch periods replace gating pwm signal PS1 and PS2, be that controller is at S1=PS1, S2=PS2 and S1=PS2, alternation under two kinds of command signal way of outputs of S2=PS1, the break-make of control change device switch.The switch command signal sequence is shown in Fig. 2 (b).
Claims (1)
1. one kind replaces phase-shift pulse width modulated ripple control method, comprise two-phase crisscross parallel multiplication of voltage Boost inverter main circuit, be used to import testing circuit with the output voltage current measurement, be used for the controller that duty cycle of switching calculates and pulse width modulated waveform takes place, and according to the drive circuit of pulse width modulating signal control change device switching tube work, wherein inverter main circuit comprises the multiplication of voltage Boost converter unit and the public direct-current input power supply thereof of two crisscross parallels of same structure, direct current output capacitance and load, connected between the input inductance of each converter unit and output diode and be used to export the multiplication of voltage electric capacity that polarity is arranged of multiplication of voltage, its negative pole is connected to the multiplication of voltage capacitance cathode of another converter unit by the multiplication of voltage diode, it is characterized in that being used for duty cycle of switching calculates and the controller of pulse width modulated waveform generation duty ratio greater than with equaled 0.5 o'clock or when the inductive current continuous mode moves, pulse width modulation ripple switch command signal is provided for the switching tube of two multiplication of voltage Boost converter units in the mode of fixed phase drift π angle, in duty ratio less than 0.5 and inductive current discontinuous mode when operation, the unsteady phase shifting angle 2D π that employing changes with duty cycle of switching, alternately phase shift system with the exchange of switch periods one by one phase sequence provides pulse width modulation ripple switch command signal, the conducting and the shutoff of control change device switching tube for the switching tube of two multiplication of voltage Boost converter units.
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| CN102983719A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-03-20 | 西安智海电力科技有限公司 | Multi-waveform input adaptive power adapter |
| WO2014131202A1 (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2014-09-04 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Backlight driving circuit with double boost lines |
| CN106787723A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 三峡大学 | A kind of multi input boosting DC/DC converters high |
| CN107276190A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-10-20 | 华为技术有限公司 | The Wave method and device, equipment of a kind of underloading ripple |
| CN107577217A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2018-01-12 | 伊博电源（杭州）有限公司 | A kind of crisscross parallel control logic circuit and fast protection method |
| CN108509372A (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2018-09-07 | 晶晨半导体(上海)股份有限公司 | A kind of on-chip system chip |
| CN110837236A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2020-02-25 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Device, consumer and method for operating a consumer |
| CN111391612A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-10 | 广州华凌制冷设备有限公司 | Voltage doubling circuit, fault detection method, air conditioner and readable storage medium |
| CN112421945A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-02-26 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Communication method for photovoltaic direct-current boost converter modular design |
| CN113285598A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Hybrid control structure of interleaved parallel Boost converters, hybrid control method of hybrid control structure, and coupling inductance optimization design method |
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| CN102983719B (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2016-04-06 | 西安智海电力科技有限公司 | Many Waveform Inputs adaptive power supply transducer |
| CN102983719A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-03-20 | 西安智海电力科技有限公司 | Multi-waveform input adaptive power adapter |
| WO2014131202A1 (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2014-09-04 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Backlight driving circuit with double boost lines |
| US8896230B1 (en) | 2013-02-28 | 2014-11-25 | Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. | Backlight drive circuit with dual boost circuits |
| GB2525127A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2015-10-14 | Shenzhen China Star Optoelect | Backlight driving circuit with double boost lines |
| GB2525127B (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2019-12-04 | Shenzhen China Star Optoelect | Backlight drive circuit with dual boost circuits |
| CN106787723A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 三峡大学 | A kind of multi input boosting DC/DC converters high |
| CN107276190B (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2020-02-21 | 华为技术有限公司 | Light-load ripple wave sending method, device and equipment |
| CN107276190A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-10-20 | 华为技术有限公司 | The Wave method and device, equipment of a kind of underloading ripple |
| CN107577217A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2018-01-12 | 伊博电源（杭州）有限公司 | A kind of crisscross parallel control logic circuit and fast protection method |
| CN107577217B (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-10-08 | 伊博电源（杭州）有限公司 | A kind of crisscross parallel control logic circuit and fast protection method |
| CN108509372A (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2018-09-07 | 晶晨半导体(上海)股份有限公司 | A kind of on-chip system chip |
| CN108509372B (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2022-04-01 | 晶晨半导体(上海)股份有限公司 | System-on-chip |
| CN110837236A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2020-02-25 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Device, consumer and method for operating a consumer |
| CN111391612A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-10 | 广州华凌制冷设备有限公司 | Voltage doubling circuit, fault detection method, air conditioner and readable storage medium |
| CN112421945A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-02-26 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Communication method for photovoltaic direct-current boost converter modular design |
| CN112421945B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-11-05 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Communication method for photovoltaic direct-current boost converter modular design |
| CN113285598A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Hybrid control structure of interleaved parallel Boost converters, hybrid control method of hybrid control structure, and coupling inductance optimization design method |
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