CN102121560A - 用于油或流体脂润滑的设备 - Google Patents

用于油或流体脂润滑的设备 Download PDF

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CN102121560A
CN102121560A CN201010621724XA CN201010621724A CN102121560A CN 102121560 A CN102121560 A CN 102121560A CN 201010621724X A CN201010621724X A CN 201010621724XA CN 201010621724 A CN201010621724 A CN 201010621724A CN 102121560 A CN102121560 A CN 102121560A
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oiling agent
equipment
photodiode
storage container
liquid level
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CN102121560B (zh
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W·迪维斯
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Dropsa SpA
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16NLUBRICATING
    • F16N29/00Special means in lubricating arrangements or systems providing for the indication or detection of undesired conditions; Use of devices responsive to conditions in lubricating arrangements or systems
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/284Electromagnetic waves
    • G01F23/292Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet
    • G01F23/2921Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet for discrete levels
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/284Electromagnetic waves
    • G01F23/292Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet
    • G01F23/2921Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet for discrete levels
    • G01F23/2922Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet for discrete levels with light-conducting sensing elements, e.g. prisms
    • G01F23/2925Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet for discrete levels with light-conducting sensing elements, e.g. prisms using electrical detecting means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/284Electromagnetic waves
    • G01F23/292Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet
    • G01F23/2921Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet for discrete levels
    • G01F23/2922Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet for discrete levels with light-conducting sensing elements, e.g. prisms
    • G01F23/2925Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet for discrete levels with light-conducting sensing elements, e.g. prisms using electrical detecting means
    • G01F23/2927Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet for discrete levels with light-conducting sensing elements, e.g. prisms using electrical detecting means for several discrete levels, e.g. with more than one light-conducting sensing element

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于油或流体脂润滑的设备,包括:贮存容器,其能够容纳一定量的润滑剂;泵,其布置用于从所述贮存容器抽取润滑剂并且在压力下将其馈送润滑剂到输送口,所述输送口能够连接润滑剂输送导管;控制单元,其被布置用于调节所述泵的操作;和传感器,其用来感测所述贮存容器中的润滑剂液面。所述液面传感器是红外传感器。

Description

用于油或流体脂润滑的设备
技术领域
本发明涉及用于油或流体脂润滑的设备。更具体地,涉及能够馈送油或流体脂的润滑设备。
背景技术
用于油或流体脂润滑的设备可商业地获得。它们通常包括包含可选择的油或流体脂的贮存容器。还设有由合适的控制单元控制的泵,该泵对包含在贮存容器中的润滑剂加压,以将其馈送到连接于该设备的润滑系统。
如上描述的设备由Dropsa SPA以例如品牌名PRISMART在市场销售。这种设备可以利用流体脂或利用油操作。根据所使用的润滑剂类型,泵装备有合并有电触点的浮动型润滑剂液面(level)传感器(对于油)或电容传感器(对于流体脂)。就这方面而言,浮动型传感器不适用于读取流体脂的存在,而电容传感器如果用来检测油的存在的话具有成本巨大的不利之处。
在该贮存容器内部,在泵上设置有螺旋接合件(screw coupling),可以将一个或另一个传感器固着于该螺旋接合件。
假定两种传感器类型都须储备可用并且须定购以提供这两种传感器类型,这造成了问题。而且,电容传感器成本很高。
US 6161395A和DE 3841265A1描述了现有技术中已知的流体液面传感器。
发明内容
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供一种润滑设备,其包括经济的并且能够以同等可靠的方式既感知油的存在又感知流体脂的存在的传感器。
通过根据所附权利要求的技术教导而形成的润滑设备实现了该目的以及其他目的。
附图说明
从在附图中以非限制性例子的方式示出的该设备的优选但是非排他性实施例的描述,本发明更多的特征和优点将变得明了,在附图中:
图1是本发明的设备的正视图;
图2是图1的设备的侧视图;
图3是安装于图1的设备的红外传感器的示意图;
图4是图3的传感器细节的放大的示意截面图;
图5是安装于图1的设备的传感器的不同实施例的示意图;以及
图6是图5的传感器细节的放大的示意截面图;
具体实施方式
参考所述附图,其示出了通过参考数字1整体指示的用于油或流体脂润滑的设备。
它包括贮存容器2,贮存容器2优选由透明塑料材料制成,能够容纳一定量的润滑剂,不管是流体脂或是油。
泵3也被设置为被容纳在外壳4内,该外壳4设有支承件5以用于壁面安装。泵3通过喷嘴6从定位于其下的贮存容器中抽取润滑剂,喷嘴6通过合适的导管7连接到泵的吸入口8。喷嘴以适当的高度固着于延伸到贮存容器2中的支承件9。泵3的输送口连接到加压润滑剂出口13,分配系统的合适导管连接到该加压润滑剂出口13以使得润滑剂能够被运送到需要的位置。
可通过被可移动塞10关闭的孔接入贮存容器内部。
在所描述的示例中,该泵是电驱动齿轮类型的,但也可以是气动或其他类型的。其由调节其操作的控制单元控制。特别地,该控制单元与调节润滑剂出口压力的压力开关相关联。还存在压力表14,指示输送润滑剂的压力。控制单元11也与容纳在贮存容器中以测量其中存在的油和流体脂的液面的传感器15相关联。
特别地,该传感器是红外光学类型的。就这方面而言,已吃惊地注意到,这种类型的传感器能感测贮存容器中油和流体脂两者的存在,并且无论贮存容器中是否存在这种或那种润滑类型都可提供可靠且准确的读数。
有利地,该传感器螺接于已经存在于贮存容器中的支承件18。该传感器包括接合件20,其优选是有螺纹的,这使得其能够接合到支承件13。电触点21从该接合件凸出以用于到控制单元11的电连接。
传感器15存在印刷电路22,其中设置有芯片、电阻器和二极管,能够控制面向光电二极管24的红外发射器23的操作,该光电二极管优选为PIN型。
光电二极管24包括具有红外线滤波器的屏25。充当发射器23中心和光电二极管24的中心的轴线α(这基本表示发射器发射的击中光电二极管的敏感区域的红外线束的方向)相对于存在于贮存容器中的润滑剂的表面液面M是倾斜的。
表面液面的高度在设备使用期间变化,并且随着润滑剂的消耗而下降。否则其对准总保持相同并且基本平行于水平线,这是由施加在液体上的重力所决定的。
在设备的正常操作过程中,基本上发射器和光电二极管相对于润滑剂液面是不对准的,因此,当该润滑剂达到预设液面M时,发射器沉入润滑剂中同时光电二极管在该润滑剂外面。
注意,利用这样的配置,即使对于具有非常不同的特性(密度、分散系数等)的润滑剂,如脂或油,也能够实现预设液面的优化读取。
尤其是,当液体液面在光电二极管和发射器之间时(见图4),发射器发射的红外辐射被强烈地分散(不管润滑的类型,无论是油或流体脂),并且仅在极低的程度达到光电二极管。这是由于这样的事实:在发射器和光电二极管之间存在空气和润滑剂两者,由于空气/润滑剂边界层引起内部折射。
当该润滑剂在传感器水平之下时,由发射器发射的辐射以较大的强度达到光电二极管。这也出现在光电二极管和发射器在已经被浸没在润滑剂中后仅仅被流体脂或油“弄污”的情况下。
综上所述,应当注意,光电二极管和发射器安装在固着于传感器的板26上,整个装配体被较低的开口的管状元件包围。
有利地,二极管以950nm峰值波长及50nm光谱频带宽度发射红外辐射,然而,选择一对频率调谐设备,这可以介于250nm和1300nm之间。
发射器和传感器以距离“d”间隔开,所述距离在40mm和1mm之间,优选为8mm。
根据前面的描述,如下的本发明的操作对于本领域技术人员是明显的。
用所需润滑剂(油或流体脂)填充贮存容器到最大液面。
光电二极管将从发射器(优选为总是激活的)接收的辐射转化成跨其端部测量的电位差。控制单元22读取跨光电二极管的电位差,并且当光电二极管和发射器都被浸没润滑剂中时,能够读取中间电压(例如,低于2.4V)。
随着因为被润滑系统消耗流体液面逐渐下降,光电二极管浮出该润滑剂同时发射器仍然被浸没该润滑剂中(液面M,图4)。因而,光电二极管的读数达到最低值,因为红外线束由于被润滑剂和空气造成的通道边界层而被内部折射。在这样的条件下,仅仅小部分(或没有)射线束达到光电二极管,并且光电二极管的读数非常低(例如,0.1V)。
随着润滑剂液面的进一步下降,读数(电压)快速增加到最大强度,例如4.5V。
当通过连接器21(以已知的方式)连接的控制单元检测到强烈的读数减少,例如低于2.5V时,给出“最低润滑剂液面”信号。
在该情况下,控制单元操作来停止泵或者激活报警信号,该报警信号能够以任何方式传送到最终用户。
已经描述了优选实施例,然而可以使用同样的发明构思构想其他实施例。
在另一个不同的实施例中,红外发射器和光电二极管的位置可以反转。
在进一步实施例中,最低润滑剂液面被定位得远远在泵浸渍喷嘴6所定位的水平高度之上。这使得能够在润滑剂液面降到浸渍喷嘴位置之下前产生在先的报警。
如图5、6中所示,也可以设置若干光电二极管/发射器对以将不同的液面读数传输给控制单元。提供了初始的“报警”阈值(MA,传感器23A,24A),“中等液面”阈值(MB,传感器23B、24B)、和“最低液面”阈值(MC,传感器23C,24C)。例如,当润滑剂液面处于M0时,不激活报警信号。
在本发明的替代的实施例中,不存在从贮存容器中抽取加压润滑剂的泵,但作为替代,通过合适的气动系统(例如压缩空气型的)直接对贮存容器加压。
在所描述的所有实施例中,轴线α、αA、αB、αC和表面M(其与M0、MA、MB、MC相同,这是由作用于润滑剂的重力所决定的)之间的角度γ可以基本包括从90°到2°,优选从90°到5°,但更优选为45°。该角度γ实际上使红外线束的折射最大化。
可以作为内部折射功能和允许粘附的流体脂润滑剂从光电二极管和发射器滴落的配置之间的最佳折中方案的结果,来选择角度γ。为此原因,理想地将它们置于45°。

Claims (9)

1.一种用于油或流体脂润滑的设备,包括:
贮存容器,其能够容纳一定量润滑剂,
用于对润滑剂加压以将润滑剂馈送到输送口的装置,所述输送口能够连接润滑剂输送导管,
控制单元,其被布置用于调节泵操作,和
传感器,其用来感测所述贮存容器中的润滑剂液面,所述传感器是包括面对着光电二极管的红外发射器的红外传感器,
其特征在于:
在该设备的正常操作过程中,所述光电二极管和所述红外发射器相对于所述贮存容器中所包含的润滑剂的表面液面是不对准的,使得当所述贮存容器中的润滑剂表面达到预设液面时,所述光电二极管和所述红外发射器之一沉入润滑剂中,并且另一个在润滑剂的外面。
2.如前述权利要求所述的设备,其特征在于:
在该预设液面处,所述红外发射器沉入润滑剂中,并且所述光电二极管在润滑剂的外面。
3.如前述的一个或多个权利要求所述的设备,其中连接所述光电二极管和所述红外发射器的轴线相对于润滑剂表面液面以90°和2°之间的角度倾斜,所述角度优选为45°。
4.如前述的一个或多个权利要求所述的设备,其中提供不同对的红外发射器和光电二极管,每一对与不同的预设液面相关。
5.如前述的一个或多个权利要求所述的设备,其中所述用于对润滑剂加压的装置包括:被布置用于从所述贮存容器抽取所述润滑剂并将其馈送到所述输送口的泵,或者,贮存容器加压系统。
6.如前述权利要求所述的设备,其中所述光电二极管包括具有红外线滤波器的屏。
7.如前述权利要求所述的设备,其中所述发射器发射950nm峰值波长及50nm光谱频带宽度的红外射线。
8.如权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述发射器和所述传感器以在40mm和1mm之间的距离间隔开,所述距离优选为8mm。
9.如前述的一个或多个权利要求所述的设备,其中所述传感器和所述发射器被定位在所述贮存容器中的最低润滑剂液面的高度,基本上与所述泵的吸入喷嘴对准或与连接到所述输送口的浸渍管对准。
CN201010621724.XA 2009-11-26 2010-11-26 用于油或流体脂润滑的设备 Expired - Fee Related CN102121560B (zh)

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EP2333394B1 (en) 2014-07-16
US20110120804A1 (en) 2011-05-26
ITMI20092082A1 (it) 2011-05-27
US8844681B2 (en) 2014-09-30
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