CN102119316A - 车辆环境控制系统 - Google Patents

车辆环境控制系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102119316A
CN102119316A CN200980131408XA CN200980131408A CN102119316A CN 102119316 A CN102119316 A CN 102119316A CN 200980131408X A CN200980131408X A CN 200980131408XA CN 200980131408 A CN200980131408 A CN 200980131408A CN 102119316 A CN102119316 A CN 102119316A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
pipe
pipeline
connector
body bottom
fluid
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CN200980131408XA
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English (en)
Inventor
亚当·贝登
查尔斯·思里夫特
詹森·泽赫
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TI Group Automotive Systems LLC
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TI Group Automotive Systems LLC
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TI Group Automotive Systems LLC filed Critical TI Group Automotive Systems LLC
Publication of CN102119316A publication Critical patent/CN102119316A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/14—Compound tubes, i.e. made of materials not wholly covered by any one of the preceding groups
    • F16L9/147—Compound tubes, i.e. made of materials not wholly covered by any one of the preceding groups comprising only layers of metal and plastics with or without reinforcement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/14—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rigid material, e.g. metal or hard plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00507—Details, e.g. mounting arrangements, desaeration devices
    • B60H1/00557—Details of ducts or cables
    • B60H1/00571—Details of ducts or cables of liquid ducts, e.g. for coolant liquids or refrigerants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L41/00—Branching pipes; Joining pipes to walls
    • F16L41/02—Branch units, e.g. made in one piece, welded, riveted
    • F16L41/021—T- or cross-pieces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L41/00—Branching pipes; Joining pipes to walls
    • F16L41/08—Joining pipes to walls or pipes, the joined pipe axis being perpendicular to the plane of the wall or to the axis of another pipe
    • F16L41/086—Joining pipes to walls or pipes, the joined pipe axis being perpendicular to the plane of the wall or to the axis of another pipe fixed with screws
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/02—Welded joints; Adhesive joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/26—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics for branching pipes; for joining pipes to walls; Adaptors therefor
    • F16L47/28—Joining pipes to walls or to other pipes, the axis of the joined pipe being perpendicular to the wall or to the axis of the other pipe
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/26—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics for branching pipes; for joining pipes to walls; Adaptors therefor
    • F16L47/28—Joining pipes to walls or to other pipes, the axis of the joined pipe being perpendicular to the wall or to the axis of the other pipe
    • F16L47/30—Joining pipes to walls or to other pipes, the axis of the joined pipe being perpendicular to the wall or to the axis of the other pipe using attaching means embracing the pipe
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/26—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics for branching pipes; for joining pipes to walls; Adaptors therefor
    • F16L47/32—Branch units, e.g. made in one piece, welded, riveted
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0822—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using IR radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B29C65/0672—Spin welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1603—Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C65/1612—Infrared [IR] radiation, e.g. by infrared lasers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
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    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
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    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1222—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29C66/1224—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
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    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
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    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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Abstract

公开了一种用于车辆环境控制系统的车身底部组件，包括由涂覆有例如尼龙12等聚合物材料形成的流体流动管道。所述管道在相对端部之间连续而没有接头或柔性连接部。在一种形式中，所述管道包括与所述管的外聚合物层密封的由聚合物材料形成的分支或连接器。

Description

车辆环境控制系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本专利申请要求于2008年8月29日递交的美国临时专利申请61/092,925的权益，其全部内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆环境控制系统。更具体而言，其涉及这种具有包括钢制管件的冷却或加热流体管道的系统。
背景技术
用于车辆，特别是汽车的环境控制加热或空调系统包括彼此远离的部件，使管件或管道长时间运转使用，以完备系统。在空调系统中，压缩机例如位于发动机室中，蓄能器也是。冷凝机通常位于车辆的前部在散热器前面，一个或多个蒸发器位于乘客室中。类似地，用于乘客室加热的流体管道承载热源(通常为发动机冷却液体)与乘客室中的热交换器之间的加热液体。
在某些车辆(例如SUV和货车)中，流体线路从发动机室延伸到后车轮后面。在这些情况下，连接流体线路为几英尺长。
组装过程规定系统的管件被束绑为连接的组用于作为称为车身底部组件的子组件进行安装。其包括多个铝管，具有至少两个不同直径，被紧固到由金属或塑料制成的装配块。管的自由端包括用于连接到系统部件的联接块。用于接纳阀或传感器或者接入系统内的流体的其它部件的一个或多个接入端口被紧固到所述管并与所述管的内部通道流体连通。
这种子组件通常由专门的管制造商提供给汽车制造商。子组件被装箱载运到组装厂。在车辆组装过程中，管的子组件必须被操作到适当位置。这种操作要求临时偏转所述管。为此，一些组件包括具有柔性联接段的分段管，其由软管形成，以流体密封地附接到所述管。
诸如当前使用的组件具有某些不希望的特性。首先，铝制管件不是柔性的。其无法在没有永久损坏(例如褶皱或折痕)的情况下被加应力而至偏转位置。因此，所使用的管的直径通常具有足够的强度以承受与安装过程相关的操作。结果是，针对系统内的流体流动而言，它们具有过大的容量。
此外，用于向车身底部组件提供必要柔性的软管联接部的使用引入了许多接头，这些接头为潜在的泄漏路径。并且，将分开的接入端口或连接器附接到管件要求钎焊或其它制造技术，以便以流体密封的方式固定连接器和管。
发明内容
本发明的系统采用具有尼龙外层的钢制管件的连接管道。许多优点由此得到。首先，由于钢制管件的强度，管道由具有较小直径的管制成，从而形成占据较小空间的更为紧凑的车身底部组件。该设置还减少向系统的冷却部分中填充的制冷剂。而且，钢制管件的固有弹性允许在无需连接在管段之间的软管的柔性接头的情况下操作到适当位置。因此，消除了许多潜在的泄漏路径。
由此引出的另一重要的优点在于，在管和关联的连接器元件之间的结合由管的聚合物涂层密封。因此，去除了包括复杂端部形式或钎焊连接部的当前附接构造。
附图说明
图1为车辆环境控制冷却系统的示意性示例。
图2为用于加热和冷却的车辆环境控制系统的车身底部组件的透视图。
图3为图2的车身底部组件的一部分的透视图。
图4为图2的车身底部组件的另一部分的透视图。
图5为在本发明的系统中使用的管的剖视图。
图6为实施本发明的系统的管道的剖视图，该管道被紧固到联接块并密封到该块。
图7为实施本发明的系统的管道的透视图，该管道设有具有通到系统的内部流体流动路径的接口的分支端口或连接器。
图8为例示出图7的构造的连接器和管道的实施例的局部剖切的分解透视图。
图9为图7的连接器和管道设置的另一实施例的分解透视图。
图10为图9的设置的一部分的透视仰视图。
图11为图7的管和连接器设置的另一实施例的分解透视图。
图12为图7的管道和连接器设置的又一实施例的分解透视图。
具体实施方式
现在返回到图1，例示出本发明示例的大体由附图标记10指示的车辆环境控制冷却系统。该示意图为实施本发明的环境控制系统的示例。本发明也适用于加热系统部件。
例示的系统部件包括制冷压缩机12、热交换器或蒸发器14、采用冷凝机16形式的另一热交换器以及液体蓄能器18。液体线路或管道20在压缩机12与蒸发器14之间延伸。蒸汽或气体线路或管道22在其余系统元件之间延伸。该系统为流体密封闭环环路，制冷剂在该密封闭环环路中循环，并且将经过蒸发器热交换器14的空气的热移除，所有这些都以已知方式实现。
图2至图4例示出紧固到车身底部19的车身底部组件或管件束24。该车身底部组件或管件束24包括管道20和22以及加热系统管道23，管道20和22以及加热系统管道23被配置为由紧固到装配架26的大致平行的管道构成的细长束24，装配架26将该组件附接到车身底部19。
每个管道限定内部流体通道。管是刚性的且在相对端部25和27之间没有任何接头或柔性连接部。例示出的束包括液体线路20、蒸汽线路22和两个加热液体线路23。液体线路20具有比蒸汽线路22小的外直径。蒸汽线路22和加热系统管道23具有相同的外直径。管道20、22和23的内部流动通道的内直径具有类似的关系。
称为车身底部组件的束以例示的形式提供给汽车组装厂。管道的长度从发动机室延伸到车辆后部，即后车轮后面。在某些应用中，管的长度在端部25和27之间超过十英尺。每个管都包括用于连接的装配块28或者软管连接部30，以在组装期间完备车辆的环境控制流体系统。
图5中以剖视图例示实施本发明的系统的管道。每个管道20、22或23包括中空钢管核心32，且聚合物外层34结合到该管的外表面。管限定内部流体通道35。热塑性聚酰胺，例如尼龙12，被视为适合的材料。通常存在中间层，例如铬酸盐底漆，以防止钢管腐蚀。
内部钢管32具有6.35mm的外直径和0.71mm的壁厚。尼龙涂层厚度为0.170mm，从而总外管道直径为6.69mm。通过比较，现有汽车环境控制系统针对线路20使用铝制管件，典型地总外直径为9.53mm(内直径为6mm或7mm)。返回线路22典型地具有16mm至19mm的外直径(13.5mm的内直径)，加热液体管道23也是如此。
重要的是，本文公开的车身底部组件的管道20、22或23总直径较小，从而形成占据空间比现有设置小的更为紧凑的车身底部组件。
实践本发明原理所使用的合适的管为“尼戈尔(NyGaI)”钢制管件，可从密歇根州沃伦(Warren)的TI集团汽车系统有限责任公司(TI Group Automotive Systems LLC)获得。其为轧制钢管，具有尼龙12热塑性聚酰胺的另一层。
*NyGaI为TI集团汽车系统有限责任公司的注册商标。
*尼龙12为IE杜邦和迪纳摩公司(IE DuPont and DeNemurs Company)的注册商标。
使用涂覆钢管代替先前使用的铝管提供的优点在于在较小直径尺寸下获得的强度，由此节省系统所需填充的制冷剂。此外，钢管的强度和柔性消除了对用于结合管的分段的柔性软管段的需求。管道20具有充分的柔性以允许在安装期间以充分的“回弹”操作，以保持子组件的形状。
如图6所示，诸如管道20的管道可使用作为流体密封件的外尼龙层34结合到连接器块36。如所示，管道20包括具有聚酰胺外层34的钢管核心32。管道端部初始形成有与其自由端部39分隔开的径向镦粗部38。
连接器块36包括基部40，其具有块配合导承42用于连接到另一系统部件。孔44被提供为接纳紧固件(未示出)以将块36紧固到系统部件。围绕块配合导承42的密封件(未示出)在块配合导承42处介于基部40与一部件的相关表面之间。
块基部40和块配合导承42限定管道接纳通孔46。管道接纳通孔46包括：比管道20的外直径大的大直径部分48；中间部分50，其与管道20的外直径大约相同的直径以接纳管；以及在块的外表面处的表面沉孔52。
管道20在通孔46内被紧固到连接器块36。管道20的自由端部被插入连接器块36，直到镦粗部38安置在沉孔52中。管道20延伸到中间孔部分50，管道20以紧密导承的关系被保持在此处。管道的自由端部设置在通孔46的大直径部分48中。管道20的自由端部膨胀使该以自由端部符合通孔的大直径部分，并由此被沉孔52内的镦粗部38捕获在通孔46中，且该膨胀的自由端部设置在大直径部分50中。管道20的聚酰胺外层34在大直径部分48和中间直径部分50内与膛孔46的内表面密封，以在连接器块36与管道20之间提供流体紧密密封。
图7例示出预期用于诸如使用本发明的管道的系统10的车辆环境控制系统的流体管道的接合部。这种接合部可使用管道的外聚酰胺层制成以提供流体紧密结合。
示出由钢管核心232制成并具有外聚酰胺层234的管道220的一段。所述管包括采用中空连接器形式的流体分支，或者意欲接入管线路220的流动通道221的端口270。连接器端部272将典型地通过可移除盖部(未示出)闭合，或者将接纳要求接入管道通道内的流体的传感器或其它系统设备。尽管示出为连接器270垂直于管线路220被附接，但连接器270可以以任何方便或希望的角度定位。
连接器/管道组合可利用图8所示的部件制成。管道320被示出为由带有外聚酰胺层334的钢管核心332制成。孔380被提供为穿过管的侧壁，这提供了与管道的内部流体通道321的流体连通。
连接器370由例如尼龙12的热塑性聚合物材料制成，或由适于旋转焊接或摩擦焊接的热塑性材料制成。连接器370是中空的，包括管形部分374，管形部分374具有比孔380的直径大的外直径。直径减小延伸部376从连接器370的管形部分的一个端部延伸。延伸部具有比孔380大的直径。
连接器370和管道320通过熔融对接结合。这通过将延伸部376定位在孔380上方并使连接器370相对于管道320旋转或摆动而实现。管核心333上的热塑性层334和延伸部376的热塑性材料的接触引起熔化，以流体紧密封的关系将它们结合，从而具有充分的机械强度以支撑管道320上的连接器370。
作为可替代方案，连接器可由机加工、铸造或锻造金属制成。延伸部376可利用粘合剂结合到管道320。感应加热可用作连接(joinder)的可替代方法。聚合物层334可熔化并形成流体密封结合。
如图7所示的连接器的修改形式示于图9和图10的实施例中。如同图8的实施例一样，管道420包括与管道的中心通道421流体连通的孔480。
连接器470被提供，其由聚酰胺或其它热塑性材料形成。连接器470包括中空管形部分474，中空管形部分474被形成具有沿管道420的纵向延伸的装配板482。最佳由图10可见，板482包括内弓形表面484，内弓形表面484与形成管道420的钢管核心434上的聚酰胺层432的外表面互补。内表面484包括由与连接器470和装配板482相同的热塑性材料形成的一对突起卷边486。卷边486沿表面484的纵向延伸。热塑性材料的弓形横向卷边487在纵向卷边486之间延伸。
连接器470通过连接器470相对于管道的摆动运动被紧固到管道420的外表面。卷边486和487被融化为聚酰胺层432的外表面，由此以流体密封的关系将两个部件紧固。应该注意到，预期用于连接器470、装配板482或卷边486和487的热塑性材料不限于尼龙12。任何具有兼容熔点的适于旋转焊接或振动焊接的热塑性材料可以适用。
作为另一可替代方案，管道420的外聚合物层和端口或连接器470可由IR透明热塑性材料制成。这些部件随后被激光焊接在一起以形成流体密封结合部。此外，作为另一可替代方案，粘合剂可用于将装配板482结合到管道420的外聚合物层434。
连接器520的另一修改形式示于图11中，如同图8和图9的实施例，管道520包括与管道的中心通道521流体连通的孔580。
连接器570被提供，其由诸如聚酰胺的热塑性材料形成。连接器570包括中空管形部分574，其被形成具有沿管道520的纵向延伸的横向装配板582。板582包括内表面584，内表面584具有与形成管道520的钢管核心534上的聚酰胺层532的外表面互补的弓形形状。内表面从纵向边缘588延伸并被形成为直径比管道520的外直径略大。
装配板582的每个端部包括形成在与管道520的外直径互补并且直径与管道520的外直径大约相同的弓形法兰590。
连接器520进一步包括形状类似于装配板582的分开的盖部592。盖部592包括在纵向边缘590之间延伸的内表面594。端部法兰596被形成为直径与管道520的外直径大约相同。法兰596之间的盖部592的长度使得法兰596与装配板582的法兰590对准，且纵向边缘598与装配板582的纵向边缘588成面对的关系。
金属环599与每对法兰590和596关联。其围绕法兰的外表面以将它们夹到管道520的外表面。
可以设想到，金属环可被折弯，以与管道520中的孔580成重叠的关系并且与聚酰胺外层534成流体密封的关系将装配板582和盖部592固定到管道。装配板582和盖部592的对准的边缘588和598可被激光焊接或感应焊接以形成流体密封结合。
连接器的修改形式公开在图12的实施例中。连接器670被提供，其由聚酰胺或其它热塑性材料形成。连接器670包括中心中空纵向部分660，其限定中心通道664且具有相对的端部，该相对的端部限定管道接纳膛孔662以接纳管道620的段。管形部分674从纵向部分660延伸。管形部分674为中空的并限定与纵向部分的通道664流体连通的通道621。如同在其它实施例中那样，其被示出为垂直于管的纵向延伸部。当然，其可以以任意希望的角度定位。
管道620由具有聚酰胺外层634的钢管核心632的两个分开的段形成。每个分开的管道部分620的一端被插入每个管的管道接纳膛孔662中。膛孔的尺寸适于接纳管道端部，使得将管道620旋转焊接到连接器670通过已知的旋转焊接技术实现。
连接器670也可由机加工、铸造或锻造金属制成。在这种情况下，连接可通过将管道接纳部分662折弯到管道620的端部而实现。聚合物外层634提供流体紧密封。
管道620的端部也可使用美国专利6,367,850中公开的接头和方法被附接到连接器670，美国专利6,367,850的说明书和附图通过引用并入于此。
结合附图已经示出和描述了本发明的各种特征。然而，必须理解的是，在不脱离本发明范围的情况下可作出修改。

Claims (25)

1.一种用于汽车的环境控制系统的管道，包括：
限定内部流体通道的刚性钢管，所述管包括聚合物材料的外层。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于环境控制系统的管道，其中所述管在相对端部之间连续，而没有任何接头或柔性连接部。
3.如权利要求2所述的用于环境控制系统的管道，其中所述聚合物材料为聚酰胺。
4.如权利要求3所述的用于环境控制系统的管道，其中所述聚酰胺为尼龙12。
5.如权利要求4所述的用于环境控制系统的管道，其中所述管的长度为至少十英尺。
6.如权利要求5所述的管道，其中所述管道在至少一个端部处包括连接器，并且所述管道为没有任何接头或柔性连接部的连续管。
7.如权利要求5所述的管道，其中所述管道在至少一个端部处包括软管连接部。
8.如权利要求1所述的管道，其中所述管包括穿过所述管且与所述内部流体通道连通的至少一个孔、由聚合物材料形成且设置为与所述管的纵向轴线成一角度的流体分支或连接器，所述分支被连接到所述管且通过所述孔与由所述管限定的所述内部流体通道流体连通，并且所述连接部通过所述外层和所述分支中的一个的所述聚合物材料密封。
9.如权利要求8所述的管道，其中所述流体分支或连接器包括围绕所述管中的所述孔的管形部分，并且所述连接器以流体紧密封的关系被结合到所述管。
10.如权利要求9所述的管道，其中所述流体分支或连接器包括被设置为围绕所述管中的所述孔的直径减小延伸部，且所述延伸部和所述管的所述外层限定熔融对接结合部。
11.如权利要求9所述的管道，其中所述连接器包括沿所述管的纵向延伸的聚合物装配板，所述装配板包括与所述管的所述聚合物层的所述表面互补的内弓形表面，并且所述连接器通过所述管的所述外层和所述连接器的所述装配板中的至少一个的熔化聚合物材料被紧固到所述管。
12.如权利要求11所述的管道，其中所述聚合物装配板的所述弓形表面包括沿所述装配板的纵向和横向延伸的聚合物材料的卷边，并且所述装配板通过所述管的所述外层和所述卷边中的至少一个的熔化聚合物材料被密封到所述管的所述外层。
13.如权利要求11所述的管道，其中所述装配板包括相对端部以及分开的的盖部，所述相对端部限定直径与所述管的所述外层的外直径大约相同的弓形法兰，所述分开的盖部被成形为类似于所述装配板且具有与所述装配板的所述端部法兰相似的端部法兰，在所述法兰之间具有弓形内表面的所述装配板和所述分开的盖部的直径比成彼此面对关系的所述管的所述外层和配合纵向边缘的直径大，所述端部法兰被紧固到焊接在一起以形成流体密封结合部的所述管的所述外聚合物层和所述配合纵向边缘。
14.如权利要求2所述的管道，其中所述管包括与其自由端部分隔开的径向环形镦粗部，所述连接器限定通孔，该通孔具有：在一个端部处的尺寸适于接纳所述镦粗部的沉孔；在相对端部处的直径大于所述管的直径的扩大部分；以及尺寸适于接纳所述管的中心部分，所述管设置在所述中心部分中，所述镦粗部安置在所述沉孔中，所述自由端部设置在所述管的所述直径扩大部分中并膨胀以符合所述通孔的所述扩大部分，从而将所述连接器紧固到所述管。
15.一种用于车辆环境控制系统的流体管道的车身底部组件，包括：
每一个均限定流体通道的多个管，所述管中的至少一个为钢管，并且所述管包括外聚合物层。
16.如权利要求15所述的流体管道的车身底部组件，其中所述管在相对端部之间连续，而没有任何接头或柔性连接部。
17.如权利要求16所述的流体管道的车身底部组件，其中所述管通过装配架结合在一起。
18.如权利要求17所述的流体管道的车身底部组件，其中所述管的至少一部分在其至少一个端部处包括连接器。
19.如权利要求17所述的流体管道的车身底部组件，其中：
所述管的至少一部分在其至少一个端部包括处软管连接部。
20.如权利要求17所述的流体管道的车身底部组件，其中所述管在相对端部之间为至少十英尺长。
21.如权利要求20所述的流体管道的车身底部组件，其中管中的一个具有比所述管中的至少另一个管的外直径小的外直径。
22.如权利要求16所述的流体管道的车身底部组件，其中所述聚合物材料为聚酰胺。
23.如权利要求22所述的流体管道的车身底部组件，其中所述聚合物材料为尼龙12。
24.一种组装具有用于环境控制系统的车身底部组件的车辆的方法，步骤包括：
提供汽车的车身底部；
提供一束至少两个刚性钢管，每个所述刚性钢管包括外部聚合物涂层；
所述管在相对端部之间连续而没有接头或柔性连接部，步骤包括：
将所述束附接到所述汽车车身底部。
25.如权利要求24所述的方法，所述步骤进一步包括在将所述车身底部组件附接到所述车身底部期间，弯曲所述刚性钢管以将所述管放置在所述车身底部上。
CN200980131408XA 2008-08-29 2009-08-27 车辆环境控制系统 Pending CN102119316A (zh)

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