CN102111080A - Photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and control method - Google Patents
Photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102111080A CN102111080A CN2011100449430A CN201110044943A CN102111080A CN 102111080 A CN102111080 A CN 102111080A CN 2011100449430 A CN2011100449430 A CN 2011100449430A CN 201110044943 A CN201110044943 A CN 201110044943A CN 102111080 A CN102111080 A CN 102111080A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic grid-connected inverter. The photovoltaic grid-connected inverter comprises a photovoltaic array, a plurality of unit bodies, three unit body series branches, an alternating current reactor, a grid-connected switch, unit body controllers and a master controller, wherein the preceding stage of each unit body is respectively connected with the photovoltaic array; the unit body series branches are connected into a power grid after being connected with the alternating current reactor and the grid-connected switch in series; and each unit body comprises one of the unit body controllers. The invention also discloses a photovoltaic grid-connected inverter control method. In the inverter and the control method disclosed by the invention, the unit bodies are connected in series instead of directly connecting power devices in series, so that the problem of voltage-sharing of devices are solved; the power level is high; the limitation of load capacity of power electronic devices is overcome; a unit phase shift wave overlapping technology is adopted, so that an output harmonic wave is small; because of the action of an energy storage battery, when illumination disappears suddenly, a system cannot be off-grid and standby suddenly; and because of adopting a unit body automatic bypass technology, the security of the system is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the photovoltaic power generation technology field, relate in particular to photovoltaic combining inverter and control method.
Background technology
Solar energy is 21 century one of most active new forms of energy, and photovoltaic generation just develops to the direction of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems on a large scale from the net generating from the small-scale in past.The grid-connected photovoltaic system capacity is increasing, and the MW class system is the direction of future development.Therefore, research high-power high voltage photovoltaic combining inverter and control method thereof have great importance.
Photovoltaic combining inverter based on various topological structures and control method has obtained broad research, but is difficult to satisfy stability, fail safe, economy and the high requirement of the quality of power supply, and is specific as follows:
Because of the power of photovoltaic system output depends on illumination condition, and illumination has uncertainty, and the power fluctuation that is incorporated into the power networks is bigger, particularly when illumination is blocked suddenly, and system's off-grid standby of having to, fluctuation of service; The fault of parts such as certain switching tube of system, cell panel tends to cause shut down, and the fail safe of system is lower; Lower grade of photovoltaic system output voltage, is incorporated into the power networks generally will boost by transformer, increased the cost of system; The load-bearing capacity that is limited to the current power electronic device is difficult to further to improve the power grade of photovoltaic combining inverter again, particularly is difficult to accomplish the level of unit MW class; And along with the raising of power grade, the switching tube operating frequency must descend, and this will cause the problem of current harmonics.
Summary of the invention
Photovoltaic combining inverter disclosed by the invention and control method can improve the stability of a system, fail safe, reduction system cost, improve and network electric energy quality and raising system power grade.
In order to reach the foregoing invention purpose, the invention provides a kind of photovoltaic combining inverter, described inverter comprises:
Photovoltaic array;
A plurality of cell cubes, the prime of each cell cube connect a described photovoltaic array respectively;
Article three, cell cube series arm, described cell cube series arm is made up of a plurality of cell cube cascades, by the folded wave technology of unit phase shift, forms the high pressure output of many level;
The AC reactor and the switch that is incorporated into the power networks, described cell cube series arm are connected the back tandem in electrical network with described AC reactor, the switch that is incorporated into the power networks;
The cell cube controller, described each cell cube all comprises a described cell cube controller, described cell cube controller is a core with digital signal processor and programmable logic device, each cell cube is monitored, and to the parameter informations such as fault, temperature, photovoltaic array terminal voltage and output current of master controller feedback unit body, and described photovoltaic array carried out maximal power tracing control;
Master controller, with double digital signal processor (DSP) and very lagre scale integrated circuit (VLSIC) programming device (CPLD or FPGA) is core, parameter information according to the cell cube controller feedback that receives, carry out two closed-loop controls, Bypass Control, phase-shifting carrier wave SPWM computing generation pwm control signal, and transmit bypass control signal and pwm control signal to the cell cube controller.
Particularly, described cell cube also comprises:
The BOOST circuit is used for photovoltaic array is carried out maximal power tracing, and the low-voltage that photovoltaic array is exported rises to high voltage;
Energy-storage battery is used to store the electric energy that described BOOST circuit provides, and stable DC is provided for back level H bridge inverter circuit;
The H bridge inverter circuit is used to adopt phase-shifting carrier wave SPWM technology, and the dc inverter that energy-storage battery is provided is an alternating current;
By-pass switch is used for when the prime photovoltaic array of cell cube or described cell cube correspondence and energy-storage battery break down the cell cube of described cell cube and two other same stages being carried out Bypass Control;
Wherein, the positive-negative input end of described BOOST circuit links to each other with the both positive and negative polarity of described photovoltaic array respectively, the positive-negative output end of described BOOST circuit links to each other with the positive and negative terminal of described energy-storage battery respectively, the positive and negative terminal of described energy-storage battery links to each other with the input of described H bridge inverter circuit respectively, and described by-pass switch links to each other with the output of described H bridge inverter circuit.
Particularly, described master controller comprises:
Two closed-loop control modules are used for described photovoltaic combining inverter is carried out power closed-loop control and current closed-loop control, and obtain to be incorporated into the power networks reference voltage;
The pulse generation module is used for adopting phase-shifting carrier wave SPWM technology according to being incorporated into the power networks reference voltage, generates the control impuls PWM of H bridge inverter circuit;
Bypass control module is used for when the prime photovoltaic array of cell cube or described cell cube correspondence and energy-storage battery break down, and the control by-pass switch carries out Bypass Control to the cell cube of described cell cube and two other same stages, disappears up to fault; After cell cube is by bypass, recently improve the cell cube output voltage by the modulation that improves described cell cube, to guarantee the voltage of photovoltaic combining inverter output normal level.
Particularly, described pair of closed-loop control module comprises:
Power closed-loop control unit is used to calculate the gross power that photovoltaic array sends, and described gross power is carried out value after the low-pass filtering as the reference value of the power that is incorporated into the power networks, and photovoltaic combining inverter is carried out the power closed-loop control;
The current closed-loop control unit is used to detect photovoltaic combining inverter output phase voltage, adopts the software phase-lock loop technology, obtains the line voltage vector phase; Detect the photovoltaic combining inverter output current phase; According to described phase place and described phase current, described phase current is carried out the abc-dq coordinate transform, the d shaft current is regulated the active power that is incorporated into the power networks, and the q shaft current is regulated the power factor that is incorporated into the power networks; By regulating the grid-connected current real component, make the actual power that is incorporated into the power networks follow the tracks of the value and power reference that is incorporated into the power networks in the described power closed-loop control unit; It is 0 that the reactive component of current is set, and making the power factor that is incorporated into the power networks is unity power factor; Real component and idle component to grid-connected current are carried out closed-loop control respectively; By the dq-abc coordinate transform, obtain the reference voltage that is incorporated into the power networks.
Further, the method that the present invention also provides a kind of photovoltaic combining inverter to control, described method comprises:
The cell cube controller is monitored each cell cube, and to the parameter informations such as fault, temperature, photovoltaic array terminal voltage and output current of master controller feedback unit body; And photovoltaic array is carried out maximal power tracing control;
Master controller carries out two closed-loop controls, Bypass Control, phase-shifting carrier wave SPWM computing generation pwm control signal according to the parameter information of the cell cube controller feedback that receives, and transmits bypass control signal and pwm control signal to the cell cube controller.
Particularly, described cell cube controller comprises the step that photovoltaic array carries out maximal power tracing control:
The output voltage and the output current of each photovoltaic array of cell cube controller real-time sampling, and calculate power output, adopt the disturbance observation that described photovoltaic array is carried out maximal power tracing control, so that photovoltaic array is operated in maximum power point.
Particularly, described cell cube also comprises BOOST circuit, H bridge inverter circuit, by-pass switch, described master controller is according to the parameter information of the cell cube controller feedback that receives, and the step of carrying out two closed-loop controls, Bypass Control, phase-shifting carrier wave SPWM computing generation pwm control signal comprises:
Described master controller carries out power closed-loop control and current closed-loop control to described photovoltaic combining inverter, and obtains to be incorporated into the power networks reference voltage;
According to the reference voltage that is incorporated into the power networks, adopt phase-shifting carrier wave SPWM technology, generate the control impuls PWM of H bridge inverter circuit;
When the prime photovoltaic array of cell cube or described cell cube correspondence and energy-storage battery broke down, the control by-pass switch carried out Bypass Control to the cell cube of described cell cube and two other same stages, disappears up to fault.After cell cube is by bypass, recently improve the cell cube output voltage by the modulation that improves described cell cube, to guarantee the voltage of photovoltaic combining inverter output normal level.
Particularly, described master controller carries out the control of power closed-loop control and current closed-loop to described photovoltaic combining inverter, and the step of the reference voltage that obtains to be incorporated into the power networks comprises:
Calculate the gross power that photovoltaic array sends, and described gross power is carried out value after the low-pass filtering as the reference value of the power that is incorporated into the power networks, system is carried out the power closed-loop control;
Detect photovoltaic combining inverter output phase voltage, adopt the software phase-lock loop technology, obtain the line voltage vector phase; Detect the photovoltaic combining inverter output current phase; According to described phase place and described phase current, described phase current is carried out the abc-dq coordinate transform, the d shaft current is regulated the active power that is incorporated into the power networks, and the q shaft current is regulated the power factor that is incorporated into the power networks; By regulating the grid-connected current real component, make the actual power that is incorporated into the power networks follow the tracks of the value and power reference that is incorporated into the power networks in the described power closed-loop control unit; It is 0 that the reactive component of current is set, and making the power factor that is incorporated into the power networks is unity power factor; Real component and idle component to grid-connected current are carried out closed-loop control respectively; By the dq-abc coordinate transform, obtain the reference voltage that is incorporated into the power networks.
The invention discloses a kind of photovoltaic combining inverter, comprising: photovoltaic array; A plurality of cell cubes, the prime of each cell cube connect a described photovoltaic array respectively; Article three, cell cube series arm; The AC reactor and the switch that is incorporated into the power networks, described cell cube series arm are connected the back tandem in electrical network with described AC reactor, the switch that is incorporated into the power networks; Cell cube controller, each cell cube all comprise a described cell cube controller; Master controller.The present invention also discloses a kind of photovoltaic combining inverter control method.The present invention adopts the cell cube series connection but not the direct series connection of power device has solved the problem that device is all pressed; Power grade is big, has overcome the restriction of power electronic device load-bearing capacity; Adopt the folded wave technology of unit phase shift, output harmonic wave is little; Because the effect of energy-storage battery when illumination suddenly disappears, can not cause the unexpected off-grid standby of system; Adopt cell cube auto by pass technology, the fail safe that has improved system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of embodiment of the invention photovoltaic combining inverter;
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment of the invention cell cube;
Fig. 3 is the control flow chart of embodiment of the invention photovoltaic combining inverter.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those skilled in the art belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that is obtained under the creative work prerequisite.
The photovoltaic combining inverter that will relate to the present invention is introduced at first simply.
The photovoltaic combining inverter that the embodiment of the invention relates to comprises power main circuit and control circuit two parts.
The power main circuit mainly comprises photovoltaic array, cell cube, AC reactor and the switch that is incorporated into the power networks.Each photovoltaic array constitutes by several same solar cell plate serioparallel, be connected with back level cell cube, cell cube adopts folded wave scale connection technology, forms the high pressure output of many level, as can directly exporting 3kV, 6kV or 10kV, even higher electric pressure.At last, voltage is through the AC reactor and the switch that is incorporated into the power networks, and tandem is in electrical network.
Control circuit comprises main control circuit and cell cube control circuit.
It is core that master controller adopts double digital signal processor (DSP), very lagre scale integrated circuit (VLSIC) programming device (CPLD or FPGA), cooperates data acquisition, unit controls and optical fiber communication loop and built-in programmable logic controller (PLC) (PLC) construction system control section.Master controller is responsible for the sampling of monitoring, line voltage of whole inverter system and phase-locked, the sampling of system's output current, the monitoring of intermediate energy storage battery charge state, and calculate the pwm pulse of each cell cube H bridge inverter circuit, arrive each cell cube controller by fiber-optic communications traffic then, obtain each H bridge inverter circuit switching tube pwm control signal through cell cube controller CPLD decoding.
Cell cube controller, each cell cube all comprise a described cell cube controller, and it is a core with very lagre scale integrated circuit (VLSIC) programming device (CPLD or FPGA), keep communicating by letter by optical fiber and master controller, are responsible for the monitoring and the control of each cell cube.As its prime photovoltaic array being carried out maximal power tracing control by DSP, calculate the pwm pulse of BOOST circuit, simultaneously, the instruction of the inversion control of H bridge IGBT all keeps communicating by letter by optical fiber and master controller with all monitoring parameters.
Referring to Fig. 1, be the structure chart of embodiment of the invention photovoltaic combining inverter, as shown in the figure, described inverter comprises a plurality of photovoltaic arrays 11, a plurality of cell cube 12, three AC reactor 13, three be incorporated into the power networks switch 14 and master controllers 15.
The every of inverter formed by the folded wave technology cascade of unit phase shift by a plurality of cell cubes 12, cell cube A1 among the figure, A2......An-1, An etc. form a phase of inverter, B1, B2......Bn-1, Bn etc. form the b phase of inverter, and C1, C2......Cn-1, Cn etc. form the c phase of inverter.The cell cube cascade is meant that each cell cube joins end to end, and realizes high pressure output, and adopting the cell cube cascade is serial connection technology, can export the voltage of higher level, as direct voltage output 3kV, 6kV, 10kV, even more high-grade voltage.Wherein, the input of each cell cube 12 in the described branch road connects a described photovoltaic array 11 respectively, and photovoltaic array 11 is composed in parallel by the series connection earlier of several cell panels again, can improve the terminal voltage and the output current of photovoltaic array 11 like this.
An every facies unit body series arm AC reactor 13 and a switch 14 that is incorporated into the power networks of connecting respectively, tandem is in electrical network then, connect the back tandem as first module body series arm in electrical network with the AC reactor 13 and the switch 14 that is incorporated into the power networks, and wherein, described AC reactor 13 is used to export filtering.
Said units body 12 comprises BOOST circuit, energy-storage battery, H bridge inverter circuit, by-pass switch, introduces the description of asking for an interview among the embodiment 2 in detail.Described cell cube 12 also comprises a cell cube controller, and detailed description sees also the following examples 3, to the detailed description of master controller 15 please in the lump referring to embodiment 3.
The embodiment of the invention adopts the cell cube series connection but not the direct series connection of power device has solved the problem that device is all pressed; Power grade is big, has overcome the restriction of electronic device load-bearing capacity; Adopt the folded wave technology of unit phase shift, output harmonic wave is little.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment of the invention cell cube.As shown in the figure, described cell cube comprises:
Energy-storage battery 22 is used to store the electric energy that described BOOST circuit 21 provides, and stable DC is provided for back level H bridge inverter circuit 23; Because the effect of energy-storage battery 22, when illumination suddenly disappeared, inverter system is off-grid standby suddenly not, had improved the stability of system;
H bridge inverter circuit 23 is used to adopt phase-shifting carrier wave SPWM technology, and the dc inverter that energy-storage battery 22 is provided is an alternating current;
By-pass switch 24, be used for when the prime photovoltaic array of cell cube or described cell cube correspondence and energy-storage battery break down, cell cube to described cell cube and two other same stages is carried out Bypass Control, as when cell cube B2 breaks down, then cell cube B2, A2 and C2 are carried out Bypass Control; Adopt by-pass switch, improved the fail safe of inverter system;
Wherein, the positive-negative input end of described BOOST circuit 21 links to each other with the both positive and negative polarity of described photovoltaic array respectively, the positive-negative output end of described BOOST circuit 21 links to each other with the positive and negative terminal of described energy-storage battery 22 respectively, the positive and negative terminal of described energy-storage battery 22 links to each other with the input of described H bridge inverter circuit 23 respectively, and described by-pass switch 24 links to each other with the output of described H bridge inverter circuit 23.
Need to prove that cell cube also comprises a cell cube controller 25 among the figure, it is responsible for cell cube is monitored, and carries out optical fiber communication with master controller, and detailed description sees also embodiment 3.
Embodiment 3
Below cell cube controller 25 and master controller 15 are described in detail, and the combining inverter control method is described in detail.
Described master controller 15 comprises three big modules:
Two closed-loop control modules are used for described photovoltaic combining inverter is carried out power closed-loop control and current closed-loop control, and obtain to be incorporated into the power networks reference voltage;
Described pair of closed-loop control module specifically comprises again: power closed-loop control unit, be used to calculate the gross power that photovoltaic array sends, and described gross power carried out value after the low-pass filtering as the reference value of the power that is incorporated into the power networks, photovoltaic combining inverter is carried out the power closed-loop control.The current closed-loop control unit is used to detect photovoltaic combining inverter output phase voltage, adopts the software phase-lock loop technology, obtains the line voltage vector phase; Detect the photovoltaic combining inverter output current phase; According to described phase place and described phase current, described phase current is carried out the abc-dq coordinate transform, the d shaft current is regulated the active power that is incorporated into the power networks, and the q shaft current is regulated the power factor that is incorporated into the power networks; By regulating the grid-connected current real component, make the actual power that is incorporated into the power networks follow the tracks of the value and power reference that is incorporated into the power networks in the described power closed-loop control unit; It is 0 that the reactive component of current is set, and making the power factor that is incorporated into the power networks is unity power factor; Real component and idle component to grid-connected current are carried out closed-loop control respectively; By the dq-abc coordinate transform, obtain the reference voltage that is incorporated into the power networks.
The pulse generation module is used for adopting phase-shifting carrier wave SPWM technology according to being incorporated into the power networks reference voltage, generates the control impuls PWM of H bridge inverter circuit;
Bypass control module, be used for when the prime photovoltaic array of cell cube or described cell cube correspondence and energy-storage battery break down, the control by-pass switch carries out Bypass Control to the cell cube of described cell cube and two other same stages, disappear up to fault, after cell cube is by bypass, recently improve the cell cube output voltage by the modulation that improves described cell cube, to guarantee the voltage of photovoltaic combining inverter output normal level.
With reference to figure 3, be the control flow chart of photovoltaic combining inverter, in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, embodiment 1 described photovoltaic combining inverter control method is described in detail, described method comprises:
According to each photovoltaic array 11 power output P
PVk(K=A1 ..., An; B1 ..., Bn; C1 ..., Cn), calculate the gross power P of all photovoltaic arrays 11
PV is total, and carry out low-pass filtering, with the reference value of filtered value as the power that is incorporated into the power networks
System is carried out the power closed-loop control.
Detection of grid phase voltage u
a, u
aAnd u
c, adopt software phase-lock loop technology (SPLL), obtain the phase theta of line voltage vector.The phase current i of detection of grid
a, i
bAnd i
c, then, according to phase place and phase current, with the d-q coordinate system of line voltage vector synchronization rotation under, phase current is carried out the abc-dq conversion, the d shaft current is regulated the active power that is incorporated into the power networks, the q shaft current is regulated the power factor that is incorporated into the power networks.
By regulating grid-connected current real component i
d, make the actual power P that is incorporated into the power networks
gThe value and power reference that is incorporated into the power networks of tracing preset
The given reactive component of current
Making the power factor that is incorporated into the power networks is unity power factor; Real component i to grid-connected current
dWith idle component i
qCarry out closed-loop control respectively, by the dq-abc conversion, obtain the reference voltage that is incorporated into the power networks then
Adopt phase-shifting carrier wave SPWM modulation technique to generate the control impuls PWM of each unit H bridge inverter circuit at last.
When prime photovoltaic array that detects certain cell cube 12 or cell cube 12 and energy-storage battery fault, the cell cube of this cell cube 12 and other two same stages is carried out bypass.
For the assurance system after certain grade of cell cube 12 is by bypass, still can normally be incorporated into the power networks, when system design, cell cube 12 voltage fan-out capabilities and modulation ratio all leave enough allowances; After certain one-level cell cube 12 is by bypass, by improving modulation ratio, improve the cell cube output voltage, the voltage of assurance system output normal level.
The disclosed photovoltaic combining inverter control method of the embodiment of the invention adopts the disturbance observation that photovoltaic array is carried out maximal power tracing control, so that photovoltaic array is operated in maximum power point; Adopt two closed loops that inverter system is controlled, outer shroud is a power control loop, and interior ring is a current regulator; With the d-q coordinate system of line voltage vector synchronization rotation under, the inverter output current is adopted meritorious idle decoupling zero control; Adopt phase-shifting carrier wave SPWM modulation technique to generate the control impuls PWM of each cell cube H bridge inverter circuit, directly form multi-level high-voltage output; Cell cube to improper cell cube and other two same stages is taked the bypass measure, the stability and the reliability of the operation of raising system.
Need to prove, the photovoltaic combining inverter that embodiments of the invention are involved, in comprising embodiment the related device, also comprise other devices known in those skilled in the art, for outstanding invention thought of the present invention, therefore, only the device that relates to invention thought of the present invention is described in an embodiment of the present invention, other known in inverter devices is not added give unnecessary details.
The foregoing description is a preferred implementation of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other are any not to deviate from modification, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and the principle, substitute, combination, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a photovoltaic combining inverter is characterized in that, described photovoltaic combining inverter comprises:
Photovoltaic array;
A plurality of cell cubes, the prime of each cell cube connect a described photovoltaic array respectively;
Article three, cell cube series arm, described cell cube series arm is made up of a plurality of cell cube cascades, by the folded wave technology of unit phase shift, forms the high pressure output of many level;
The AC reactor and the switch that is incorporated into the power networks, described cell cube series arm are connected the back tandem in electrical network with described AC reactor, the switch that is incorporated into the power networks;
The cell cube controller, described each cell cube comprises a described cell cube controller, described cell cube controller is a core with digital signal processor and programmable logic device, each cell cube is monitored, and to the parameter information of fault, temperature, photovoltaic array terminal voltage and the output current of master controller feedback unit body, and described photovoltaic array carried out maximal power tracing control;
Master controller, with double digital signal processor and very lagre scale integrated circuit (VLSIC) programming device is core, parameter information according to the cell cube controller feedback that receives, carry out two closed-loop controls, Bypass Control, phase-shifting carrier wave SPWM computing generation pwm control signal, and transmit bypass control signal and pwm control signal to the cell cube controller.
2. photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described cell cube also comprises:
The BOOST circuit is used for photovoltaic array is carried out maximal power tracing, and the low-voltage that photovoltaic array is exported rises to high voltage;
Energy-storage battery is used to store the electric energy that described BOOST circuit provides, and stable DC is provided for back level H bridge inverter circuit;
The H bridge inverter circuit is used to adopt phase-shifting carrier wave SPWM technology, and the dc inverter that energy-storage battery is provided is an alternating current;
By-pass switch is used for when the prime photovoltaic array of cell cube or described cell cube correspondence and energy-storage battery break down the cell cube of described cell cube and two other same stages being carried out Bypass Control;
Wherein, the positive-negative input end of described BOOST circuit links to each other with the both positive and negative polarity of described photovoltaic array respectively, the positive-negative output end of described BOOST circuit links to each other with the positive and negative terminal of described energy-storage battery respectively, the positive and negative terminal of described energy-storage battery links to each other with the input of described H bridge inverter circuit respectively, and described by-pass switch links to each other with the output of described H bridge inverter circuit.
3. photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described master controller comprises:
Two closed-loop control modules are used for described photovoltaic combining inverter is carried out power closed-loop control and current closed-loop control, and obtain to be incorporated into the power networks reference voltage;
The pulse generation module is used for adopting phase-shifting carrier wave SPWM technology according to being incorporated into the power networks reference voltage, generates the control impuls PWM of H bridge inverter circuit;
Bypass control module is used for when the prime photovoltaic array of cell cube or described cell cube correspondence and energy-storage battery break down, and the control by-pass switch carries out Bypass Control to the cell cube of described cell cube and two other same stages, disappears up to fault; After cell cube is by bypass, recently improve the cell cube output voltage by the modulation that improves described cell cube, to guarantee the voltage of photovoltaic combining inverter output normal level.
4. photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described pair of closed-loop control module comprises:
Power closed-loop control unit is used to calculate the gross power that photovoltaic array sends, and described gross power is carried out value after the low-pass filtering as the reference value of the power that is incorporated into the power networks, and photovoltaic combining inverter is carried out the power closed-loop control;
The current closed-loop control unit is used to detect photovoltaic combining inverter output phase voltage, adopts the software phase-lock loop technology, obtains the line voltage vector phase; Detect the photovoltaic combining inverter output current phase; According to described phase place and described phase current, described phase current is carried out the abc-dq coordinate transform, the d shaft current is regulated the active power that is incorporated into the power networks, and the q shaft current is regulated the power factor that is incorporated into the power networks; By regulating the grid-connected current real component, make the actual power that is incorporated into the power networks follow the tracks of the value and power reference that is incorporated into the power networks in the described power closed-loop control unit; It is 0 that the reactive component of current is set, and making the power factor that is incorporated into the power networks is unity power factor; Real component and idle component to grid-connected current are carried out closed-loop control respectively; By the dq-abc coordinate transform, obtain the reference voltage that is incorporated into the power networks.
5. method that the described photovoltaic combining inverter of claim 1 is controlled is characterized in that described method comprises:
The cell cube controller is monitored each cell cube, and to the parameter information of fault, temperature, photovoltaic array terminal voltage and the output current of master controller feedback unit body; And photovoltaic array is carried out maximal power tracing control;
Master controller carries out two closed-loop controls, Bypass Control, phase-shifting carrier wave SPWM computing generation pwm control signal according to the parameter information of the cell cube controller feedback that receives, and transmits bypass control signal and pwm control signal to the cell cube controller.
6. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described cell cube controller comprises the step that photovoltaic array carries out maximal power tracing control:
The output voltage and the output current of each photovoltaic array of cell cube controller real-time sampling, and calculate power output, adopt the disturbance observation that described photovoltaic array is carried out maximal power tracing control, so that photovoltaic array is operated in maximum power point.
7. method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described cell cube also comprises BOOST circuit, H bridge inverter circuit, by-pass switch, described master controller is according to the parameter information of the cell cube controller feedback that receives, and the step of carrying out two closed-loop controls, Bypass Control, phase-shifting carrier wave SPWM computing generation pwm control signal comprises:
Described master controller carries out power closed-loop control and current closed-loop control to described photovoltaic combining inverter, and obtains to be incorporated into the power networks reference voltage;
According to the reference voltage that is incorporated into the power networks, adopt phase-shifting carrier wave SPWM technology, generate the control impuls PWM of H bridge inverter circuit;
When the prime photovoltaic array of cell cube or described cell cube correspondence and energy-storage battery broke down, the control by-pass switch carried out Bypass Control to the cell cube of described cell cube and two other same stages, disappears up to fault.
8. method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described master controller carries out the control of power closed-loop control and current closed-loop to described photovoltaic combining inverter, and the step of the reference voltage that obtains to be incorporated into the power networks comprises:
Calculate the gross power that photovoltaic array sends, and described gross power is carried out value after the low-pass filtering as the reference value of the power that is incorporated into the power networks, system is carried out the power closed-loop control;
Detect photovoltaic combining inverter output phase voltage, adopt the software phase-lock loop technology, obtain the line voltage vector phase; Detect the photovoltaic combining inverter output current phase; According to described phase place and described phase current, described phase current is carried out the abc-dq coordinate transform, the d shaft current is regulated the active power that is incorporated into the power networks, and the q shaft current is regulated the power factor that is incorporated into the power networks; By regulating the grid-connected current real component, make the actual power that is incorporated into the power networks follow the tracks of the value and power reference that is incorporated into the power networks in the described power closed-loop control unit; It is 0 that the reactive component of current is set, and making the power factor that is incorporated into the power networks is unity power factor; Real component and idle component to grid-connected current are carried out closed-loop control respectively; By the dq-abc coordinate transform, obtain the reference voltage that is incorporated into the power networks.
9. according to claim 7 or 8 described methods, it is characterized in that described method also comprises:
After cell cube is by bypass, recently improve the cell cube output voltage by the modulation that improves described cell cube, to guarantee the voltage of photovoltaic combining inverter output normal level.
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