CN102109379A - Optical device for wide waveband plane grating dispersion type imaging spectrometer - Google Patents
Optical device for wide waveband plane grating dispersion type imaging spectrometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102109379A CN102109379A CN 201010585825 CN201010585825A CN102109379A CN 102109379 A CN102109379 A CN 102109379A CN 201010585825 CN201010585825 CN 201010585825 CN 201010585825 A CN201010585825 A CN 201010585825A CN 102109379 A CN102109379 A CN 102109379A
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Abstract
The invention provides an optical device for a wide waveband plane grating dispersion type imaging spectrometer, and relates to the technical field of imaging spectrometers in the earth observation field. The optical device solves the defects of the conventional plane grating spectrometer that only the aberration of center wavelength is corrected, the residual aberration is larger, and large astigmatism exists along the length direction of a slit. The optical device consists of an aperture diaphragm, an off-axis parabolic mirror, an entrance slit, a spherical collimating mirror, a plane grating, a plane mirror, a toroidal focusing mirror and a planar array focal plane detector. The entrance slit is positioned on a focal plane of a front optical system; the front optical system consists of the aperture diaphragm and the off-axis parabolic mirror; the emergent light passing though the entrance slit is projected onto the spherical collimating mirror and is then projected onto the plane grating after being collimated by the spherical collimating mirror; and the diffraction light emerged from the plane grating is projected onto the toroidal focusing mirror after being reflected by the plane mirror and then is focused and imaged by the toroidal focusing mirror onto the planar array focal plane detector. The optical device is particularly suitable for a hyperspectral imaging system in the aerospace remote sensing earth observation field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of imaging spectrometer in the earth observation field, be specifically related to a kind of optical devices of broadband plane grating color dispersion-type imaging spectrometer.
Background technology
Grating dispersion type imaging spectrometer has spectral resolution height, the uniform characteristics of chromatic dispersion with respect to prism color dispersion-type imaging spectrometer, so grating dispersion type imaging spectrometer is obtaining application more and more widely.Plane grating is compared with convex grating with the concave surface aspheric grating, has advantages such as process technology maturation, versatility be good.Development along with spectral instrument, traditional plane grating color dispersion-type spectrometer, as grating monochromator and spectral radiometer etc., Albert-Fa Site (Ebert-Fastie) type has appearred in succession, Qie Erni-Tener (Czerny-Turner) type, optical texture patterns such as Li Teluo (Littrow) type, but these existing plane grating color dispersion-type spectrometer architecture, because the existence of exit slit is arranged, adopt single channel detector (as photomultiplier, photodiode) as electrooptical device, spectrum by rotating shutter output different wave length, usually only to centre wavelength, that is: design wavelength aberration correction; And because instrument does not require spatial resolution, residual aberration is bigger, has very big astigmatism along the slit length direction.And the imaging spectrometer requires to obtain favorable imaging quality simultaneously in broadband under the condition that grating is fixed, and as seen, existing plane grating color dispersion-type imaging spectrometer structure is not suitable for imaging spectrometer and uses.
Summary of the invention
The present invention along the problem of the very big astigmatism of slit length direction existence, provides a kind of optical devices of broadband plane grating color dispersion-type imaging spectrometer for solving existing plane grating spectrograph only to centre wavelength aberration correction and the bigger defective of residual aberration.
The optical devices of broadband plane grating color dispersion-type imaging spectrometer, this device comprises preposition optical system and Czerny-Turner spectrum imaging system, described preposition optical system comprises aperture diaphragm and off axis paraboloidal mirror; Described Czerny-Turner spectrum imaging system is made up of entrance slit, sphere collimating mirror, plane grating, level crossing, toroid focus lamp, face battle array focus planardetector; Described entrance slit is positioned on the focal plane of the preposition optical system of being made up of aperture diaphragm and off axis paraboloidal mirror, emergent light by entrance slit projects on the sphere collimating mirror, behind sphere collimating mirror collimation, project on the plane grating, project on the toroid focus lamp after the level crossing turnover from the diffraction light of described plane grating outgoing, then through described toroid focus lamp focal imaging to face battle array focus planardetector.
Principle of work of the present invention: the preposition optical system of off axis paraboloid mirror type of the present invention is imaged on remote thread on the entrance slit, this is equivalent in the space remote sensing system, imaging on the entrance slit of spectrum imaging system perpendicular to the linear target that pushes away the remote ground of sweeping direction.Project on the sphere collimating mirror by the emergent light after the entrance slit, behind sphere collimating mirror collimation, project on the plane grating, project on the toroid condensing lens after the level crossing turnover from the diffraction light of grating outgoing, be imaged onto on the face battle array focus planardetector through the gathering of toroid condensing lens, form the Two dimensional Distribution of spectrum and image.Wherein being parallel on the slit length direction is that tie up in the space, perpendicular on the slit length direction being the spectrum dimension.Characteristics of the present invention are to proofread and correct simultaneously with astigmatic correction two aspects from the broadband aberration to have improved traditional Czerny-Turner structure, make it satisfy the application requirements of broadband imaging spectrometer.Utilize the toroid focus lamp at the different astigmatisms that come corrective system of meridian with the radius of sagitta of arc direction.Plane grating is placed realize that the broadband aberration proofreaies and correct simultaneously near the center of curvature of focus lamp, and between plane grating and toroid focus lamp, add the level crossing light path of transferring for reducing system bulk.Preposition optical system adopts off axis paraboloid mirror, no color differnece, structure that can simplified system when satisfying image quality.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention forms the system-wide light channel structure of imaging spectrometer with off axis paraboloidal mirror and Czerny-Turner type spectrum imaging system coupling.The present invention adopts plane grating as dispersion element, utilize the toroid focus lamp to come the astigmatism of corrective system, can in broadband, obtain favorable imaging quality by adjusting plane grating simultaneously to the distance of condensing lens, avoid design and processing all to compare the concave surface aspheric grating and the convex grating of difficulty, and reduced cost.Apparatus of the present invention have the characteristics of wide spectral range, high spectral resolution and optical texture miniaturization, are particularly suitable for the Hyperspectral imager in Aero-Space remote sensing earth observation field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the optical texture synoptic diagram of the optical devices of broadband plane grating color dispersion-type imaging spectrometer of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram of the toroid focus lamp shown in Fig. 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is equipped on satellite platform earth observation The Calculation of Optical Path synoptic diagram for apparatus of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1, aperture diaphragm, 2, off axis paraboloidal mirror, 3, entrance slit, 4, the sphere collimating mirror, 5, plane grating, 6, level crossing, 7, the toroid focus lamp, 8, face battle array focus planardetector.
Embodiment
Embodiment one, present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the optical devices of broadband plane grating color dispersion-type imaging spectrometer, this device comprises preposition optical system and Czerny-Turner spectrum imaging system, and described preposition optical system comprises aperture diaphragm 1 and off axis paraboloidal mirror 2; Described Czerny-Turner spectrum imaging system is made up of entrance slit 3, sphere collimating mirror 4, plane grating, level crossing, toroid focus lamp, face battle array focus planardetector; Described entrance slit 3 is positioned on the focal plane of the preposition optical system of being made up of aperture diaphragm 1 and off axis paraboloidal mirror 2, emergent light by entrance slit 3 projects on the sphere collimating mirror 4, behind sphere collimating mirror 4 collimations, project on the plane grating 5, project on the toroid focus lamp 7 after level crossing 6 turnovers from the diffraction light of described plane grating 5 outgoing, then through described toroid focus lamp 7 focal imagings to face battle array focus planardetector 8.
Embodiment two, in conjunction with Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3, present embodiment is the embodiment of the optical devices of embodiment one described broadband plane grating color dispersion-type imaging spectrometer, comprises preposition optical system of being made up of aperture diaphragm 1 and off axis paraboloidal mirror 2 and the spectrum imaging system of being made up of entrance slit 3, sphere collimating mirror 4, plane grating 5, plane mirror 6, toroid focus lamp 7 and face battle array focus planardetector 8.
Apparatus of the present invention are equipped on satellite platform survey on a surface target, service band 350nm～750nm.In conjunction with 3, directions X is the length direction of entrance slit 3 for striding the rail direction, and the Y direction is the satellite transit direction, is the Width of entrance slit 3, and the Z direction is the satellite altitude direction; Directions X corresponding ground width is 25km, and satellite orbital altitude is 800km.
Described preposition optical system adopts off axis paraboloidal mirror 2, the focal length 120mm of described off axis paraboloidal mirror 2, effective aperture Φ 20mm; The face shape parameter of off axis paraboloidal mirror 2 is: radius-240mm, quadric surface coefficient-1 is from axle amount 25mm.Entrance slit 3 is positioned on the focal plane of preposition optical system, and measured target is imaged on the entrance slit 3, and the emergent light of described entrance slit 3 projects on the sphere collimating mirror 4 at a certain angle, incides on the plane grating 5 behind sphere collimating mirror 4 collimations; Sphere collimating mirror 4 radius 240mm wherein, grating line density is 300g/mm, projects on the level crossing 6 through the parallel beam of plane grating 5 chromatic dispersions, projects at last on the toroidal mirror focus lamp 7; Shown in 2, the radius R of the meridian direction of described toroid focus lamp is-360mm that the radius ρ of sagitta of arc direction is-343.725mm.Line focus projects face battle array focus planardetector 8 surfaces, and described battle array focus planardetector 8 adopts the big area array CCD of high sensitivity great dynamic range, is 1K * 1K, and the pixel unit size is calculated according to instantaneous field of view, and it is 12bit that described ccd image is gathered quantified precision.Image acquisition control and signal Processing adopt microcomputer system, and it finishes functions such as data acquisition, storage and transmission.
In the present embodiment, total field angle of optical system is:
FOV=fabric width/orbit altitude=25/800=31.25mrad
If the terrain object of optical system instantaneous field of view angle correspondence is of a size of 168m, then can calculate the instantaneous field of view angle according to flying height:
IFOV＝168/(800×10
3)＝0.21mrad
Therefore the slit width a of instantaneous field of view's angle correspondence can calculate according to the focal length of preposition optical system:
a＝0.21rad×120mm＝25μm
The pixel dimension d of CCD is corresponding with instantaneous field of view, therefore equals slit width a, that is: d=25 μ m.
This specific embodiment has verified that toroid focus lamp of the present invention comes the astigmatism of corrective system, can obtain favorable imaging quality by adjusting plane grating simultaneously to the distance of toroid focus lamp in broadband.The present invention has wide practical use in Aero-Space remote sensing field.
Claims (3)
1. the optical devices of broadband plane grating color dispersion-type imaging spectrometer, this device comprises preposition optical system and Czerny-Turner spectrum imaging system, it is characterized in that, described preposition optical system comprises aperture diaphragm (1) and off axis paraboloidal mirror (2); Described Czerny-Turner spectrum imaging system is made up of entrance slit (3), sphere collimating mirror (4), plane grating (5), level crossing (6), toroid focus lamp (7), face battle array focus planardetector (8); Described entrance slit (3) is positioned on the focal plane of the preposition optical system of being made up of aperture diaphragm (1) and off axis paraboloidal mirror (2), emergent light by preposition optical system outgoing is through projecting behind the entrance slit (3) on the sphere collimating mirror (4), emergent light projects on the plane grating (5) behind sphere collimating mirror (4) collimation, project on the toroid focus lamp (7) after level crossing (6) turnover from the diffraction light of described plane grating (5) outgoing, then through described toroid focus lamp (7) focal imaging to face battle array focus planardetector (8).
2. the optical devices of broadband plane grating color dispersion-type imaging spectrometer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described plane grating (5) center is the product value of the cosine of the radius R of meridian direction of toroid focus lamp (7) and toroid focus lamp (7) off-axis angle to the distance on toroid focus lamp (7) summit.
3. the optical devices of broadband plane grating color dispersion-type imaging spectrometer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the radius ρ of the sagitta of arc direction of described toroid focus lamp (7) is less than toroid focus lamp (7) meridian direction radius R.
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| CN102508406A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-06-20 | 重庆大学 | Annular tube surface meridian/sagittal homofocal crystal imager and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102507443A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-06-20 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Broadband multi-LED light source synthesizer for near infrared spectroscopy analysis |
| CN102620827A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-08-01 | 北京理工大学 | Raster imaging spectrometer |
| CN102967560A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-03-13 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Double-grating common-light-path broadband limb imaging spectrometer system |
| CN103293682A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-09-11 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Light-splitting light path structure of broad-spectrum solar spectral irradiance monitor |
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- 2010-12-14 CN CN 201010585825 patent/CN102109379A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 《中国科学院研究生院博士学位论文》 20101015 薛庆生 用于空间大气遥感的临边成像光谱仪研究 68-90页 1-3 , * |
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| CN102507443A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-06-20 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Broadband multi-LED light source synthesizer for near infrared spectroscopy analysis |
| CN102508406A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-06-20 | 重庆大学 | Annular tube surface meridian/sagittal homofocal crystal imager and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102620827A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-08-01 | 北京理工大学 | Raster imaging spectrometer |
| CN102620827B (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2014-06-25 | 北京理工大学 | Raster imaging spectrometer |
| CN104508439A (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2015-04-08 | 雷神公司 | High efficiency multi-channel spectrometer |
| CN104508439B (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2017-03-08 | 雷神公司 | High efficiency multi-channel spectrometer |
| CN102967560A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-03-13 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Double-grating common-light-path broadband limb imaging spectrometer system |
| CN103293682A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-09-11 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Light-splitting light path structure of broad-spectrum solar spectral irradiance monitor |
| CN103308167B (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2015-11-25 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Ultraviolet, visible, near infrared prismatic colours astigmatic image spectrometer |
| CN103308167A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-09-18 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Ultraviolet, visible and ultraviolet prism chromatic dispersion imaging spectrometer |
| CN103984038A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2014-08-13 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Satellite-borne scanning-type atmosphere limb chromatography detection system |
| CN103984038B (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2017-01-11 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Satellite-borne scanning-type atmosphere limb chromatography detection system |
| CN104062007A (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2014-09-24 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Mobile phone spectrograph module and mobile phone spectrograph with mobile phone spectrograph module |
| CN108387315A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-08-10 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | More slit grating spectrometers |
| CN109186763A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-11 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of polarimetric hyperspectral imaging device based on immersion grating |
| CN109186763B (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2021-02-02 | 西安交通大学 | Polarization hyperspectral imaging device based on immersion grating |
| CN109974856A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-07-05 | 智童时刻（厦门）科技有限公司 | It is a kind of take coloured pencil take color method and device |
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| CN110632058B (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2022-05-03 | 宁波源禄光电有限公司 | Small light splitting device for Raman spectrum analysis |
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Application publication date: 20110629 |