Background technology
At present, the carrier-borne aircraft mode of taking off on the aircraft carrier mainly contains two kinds, and a kind of is steam-type ejector to use on U.S. army's aircraft carrier, and this ejector uses steam to be used as power and quickens to take off by the cylinder frigid zone moving hauling hook pulling aircraft of living.The steam catapult equipment volume is huge, occupies than large space, and steam boiler must be arranged, consumed energy is big, operating cost height, maintenance cost height, it is big to consume the fresh water amount in addition, straight news reporting is arranged, and the airplane catapult system of eaglet number or Mi Nizi whenever launches an airplane and consumes nearly 1 ton of fresh water, fresh water is heated into high temperature and high pressure steam, consume lot of energy, only the energy of ejector consumption accounts for 20% of whole aircraft carrier energy, and huge fresh water consumption is a problem of can not ignore; The manufacturing process of steam catapult is quite complicated, having only the U.S., France and Britain to grasp at present has the technology of making steam catapult, the steam catapult of having grasped at present, its structure is that two parallel length are more than 90 meter, diameter is the cylinder that cracks of .457mm, also need 2 meters of supporting two huge diameters, length is 20 meters vapour storage tanks, about 600 cubic meters of cumulative volume, and volume is so huge, usually using on the nuclear aircraft carrier more than 90,000 tons, having only the U.S. that nuclear aircraft carrier is arranged at present.So-called steam catapult, actual is exactly that a steam launches big gun, report according to pertinent data, the aviator crosses the stupor that conference produces moment because of initial velocity when catapult-assisted take-off, aircraft needs flight instrument automatic guidance automatically, wake up the back in pilot steering Deng the aviator, the power that steam launches is from vapour storage tank, it is big to launch initiation pressure, and terminal pressure reduces, so be from fast to slow, reach 75 meter per seconds once starting to walk, reach at a high speed and can cause the aviator to go into a coma moment, when cylinder runs to the cylinder terminal point, reduce because of vapor tension on the contrary suddenly, thrust descends, takeoff speed descends, and describes the aircraft that launches out with Chinese Proverbs as " an arrow at the end of its flight--a spent force ", and therefore aircraft falls into the sea also is unrare thing.The steam catapult of U.S. army's use at present, big except volume, cost is high, power consumption is high, maintenance and also make service life U.S. army feel more headache, according to the report steam catapult use 500 times will overhaul, the cylinder life-span is 2000 times, promptly launch 2000 sorties, cylinder will be changed.So new ejector alternative is also being sought by U.S. army, good result is not also arranged at present.
The time sliding formula takeoff runway that jumps that uses on Russia's aircraft carrier, be that aircraft leans on and self quickens above deck to realize that by the runway that is upturned the sliding formula that jumps flies from warship, the deficiency that the sliding formula ejection mode that jumps exists is to build the sliding formula launching platform that jumps on the deck, must use the bi-motor aircraft of big thrust loading, single engine opportunity of combat can't be used, so the machine of carrier-borne aircraft is received restriction.In addition, the sliding formula of the jumping mode of taking off is to take off by aircraft self power, so can not fully loaded takeoff, take-off weight only takes and carries 70% of take-off weight usually, to revive 33 is example, fully loaded is 33 tons, and present actual take-off weight has only 27 tons, does not take off at full capacity, lose 6 tons load, it is said, adopt any ejector to help to allow Soviet Union 33 on the sliding formula runway that jumps, fully loaded takeoff, fully loaded takeoff and just mean and improved fighting capacity and strengthened cruising radius.The ripe at present ejector that is using has only the steam formula ejector of the U.S., and the U.S. is to Russian blockade on new techniques, and Russia does not make yet, even the U.S. does not also adapt to the camber line steam cylinder of the sliding formula takeoff runway that jumps.
The maximum deficiency that two kinds of known ejection modes exist in actual application is, owing to aspect the carrier-borne aircraft catapult technique China is carried out strict blockade on new techniques with western countries headed by the U.S., Muscovite carrier-borne aircraft with double engines prohibits selling to China, can do carrier-borne aircraft if solved any concentrated process transformation of sliding the launching of formula aircraft carrier that jump, Russia has also lost practical significance to prohibiting selling of China, so China's a kind of better carrier-based aircraft ejector of certain design is realized the aircraft carrier development dream of China.
Summary of the invention
Technical assignment of the present invention is to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, provide a kind of simple in structure, reasonable in design, volume is little, easy to use, safe, that can use on each tonnage can adapt to the aircraft carrier ejector that various machines are made carrier-borne aircraft.
Technical scheme of the present invention realizes in the following manner: its structure is by the aircraft carrier cunning formula takeoff runway that jumps, the shuttle extension pulley, the extension pulley cableway, main traction winch, secondary traction winch, before push away cylinder and ejection sequence controller and form, wherein, the extension pulley cableway is arranged on the jump centre of formula takeoff runway or horizontal takeoff runway of aircraft carrier cunning, the shuttle extension pulley is arranged among the extension pulley cableway, main traction winch and secondary traction winch are arranged among the cabin of takeoff runway below, the cable wire of main traction winch and secondary traction winch is connected with the rear and front end of shuttle extension pulley respectively, and the preceding cylinder that pushes away is set in place in the bottom of the starting point place of takeoff runway extension pulley cableway;
The extension pulley cableway is by upper cover plate, chute is formed, the top of chute is provided with flange, the bottom of flange and takeoff runway is fixed together, the centre of upper cover plate is provided with cracks, on the both sides of cracking parallel with takeoff runway and be fixed together with the flange on chute top, middle being provided with down in bottom that is positioned at the forebody chute of takeoff runway cracked: cracking down equates with the extension elongation that before pushes away steam cylinder piston, the two ends of chute are respectively arranged with stroke sensor and tachogenerator, for the ejection sequence controller provides switch controlling signal, the shuttle extension pulley is by vehicle frame, roller, main pull line equalizer pulley, secondary pull line equalizer pulley and shuttle connecting panel are formed, main pull line equalizer pulley and secondary pull line equalizer pulley are fixed on the bottom of vehicle frame by head pulley axle bed and auxiliary pulley axle bed, vehicle frame is the I shape of horizontal positioned, by-level partly is the car crossbeam, the both sides vertical component is the roller adapter plate, roller divides on the adapter plate that two rows are arranged on the vehicle frame both sides, roll and join in two row's rollers on both sides, adapter plate top and upper cover plate bottom, roll and join in two row's rollers on both sides, adapter plate bottom and chute bottom, the shuttle connecting panel vertically is arranged on the centre of crossbeam, cracking upwards to expose with shuttle and be connected in the middle of the upper cover plate passed on its top, shuttle is connected with aircraft nose wheel, the bottom that is positioned at crossbeam is provided with main cable equalizer pulley and secondary pull line equalizer pulley, the main cable equalizer pulley is connected with secondary traction winch with main traction winch with secondary pull line by main pull line respectively with secondary pull line equalizer pulley, is provided with baffle plate in the middle of the end of car body;
Main traction winch, be by support, engine, power-transfer clutch, flywheel, transmission shaft, winch roller and brake gear are formed, wherein the winch roller is arranged on the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft two ends are fixed by bearing seat and support, wherein an end of transmission shaft passes bearing seat and is connected with power-transfer clutch, power-transfer clutch is connected with the flywheel of powered maneuver power output shaft end, the two ends of winch roller are provided with brake gear, engine and winch roller adopt the opposed mode of two covers to be arranged on the support, in the middle of two cover winch rollers are arranged on, engine is arranged on the both sides of support, use a main pull line on two winch rollers, the termination of main pull line and winch roller axle are fixed, and the centre of main pull line is connected with main pull line equalizer pulley on the shuttle extension pulley;
Secondary traction winch, be by auxiliary engine bed, electrical motor, side clutch, counter drive shaft, secondary winch roller and auxiliary brake device are formed, the counter drive shaft two ends of wherein secondary winch roller are fixed by countershaft bearing and auxiliary engine bed, the two ends of counter drive shaft are passed the countershaft bearing and are connected with side clutch, side clutch is connected with the motor power output shaft, the two ends of secondary winch roller are provided with the auxiliary brake device, electrical motor and secondary winch roller adopt the opposed mode of two covers to be arranged on the auxiliary engine bed, in the middle of the secondary winch roller of two covers is arranged on, electrical motor is arranged on the both sides of auxiliary engine bed, use a secondary pull line on two secondary winch rollers, termination and two secondary winch roller axles of secondary pull line are fixed, and the centre of secondary pull line is connected with secondary pull line equalizer pulley on the shuttle extension pulley.
The engine that main traction winch uses is meant adjustable frequency motor, diesel engine, spark ignition engine, steam turbine, turbo-machine and HM Hydraulic Motor.
The two ends master's pull line that is positioned at chute comes and goes the laser velocimeter, the opto-electronic pickup that are provided with on the passage of process and is connected with ejection controller by data line.
Main traction winch is connected with ejection controller by data line with brake gear, power-transfer clutch on the good fortune traction winch.
Before push away cylinder piston nose portion be connected with connecting rod, the other end of connecting rod is connected with and pushes away hook, pushes away the rear end that pushes away cylinder before hook oppositely extends, and is upward through the following centre joint of chute bottom, joins with the baffle plate at the rear portion of shuttle extension pulley; The both sides that push away hook are provided with support wheel and are connected with the chute rolling:
Before push away cylinder and adopt twin-tub to be arranged side by side, the end of piston is by winning in succession and pushing away hook and be connected, the preceding cylinder that pushes away is connected with vapour storage tank by pipeline, is provided with electromagnetic valve between the pipeline, vapour storage tank also is connected with steam boiler by pipeline.
If before push away cylinder and replace with preceding push cylinder, the preceding cylinder that pushes away is connected with storage tank by pipeline, storage tank is connected with Air compressor by pipeline.
In 0 to 50 meter distance of aircraft carrier takeoff runway, provide acceleration/accel for carrier-borne aircraft by preceding pushing away cylinder, when preceding pushing away the cylinder startup, be equipped with flywheel energy storage with engine as propulsion source, by the flywheel amount of holding, drawing under the winding reducing effect of cheese under the control of ejection sequence controller and at power-transfer clutch and pull line, the energy of flywheel and engine is gathered on the takeoff runway of 0-130 rice to carrier-borne aircraft provides basic takeoff speed, realize the catapult-assisted take-off of all kinds of carrier-borne aircrafts on the aircraft carrier takeoff runway;
It is as follows specifically to launch step:
1) by the setting of ejector controller take off kind, load and the takeoff speed of aircraft, ejector controller control engine drives flywheel and rotates synchronously, when the engine rotating speed reach set rotating speed after, stand-by;
2) the shuttle extension pulley is positioned at the starting point of takeoff runway, be connected with the aircraft nose wheel that is parked in the runway starting point with shuttle connecting panel bonded assembly shuttle, the winch roller of main traction winch and secondary traction winch locks by drg, before push away the hook that pushes away of steam cylinder piston end, with shuttle extension pulley rear portion overlap joint, carrier-borne aircraft is ready:
3) after the dispatcher assigns takeoff order, ejection sequence controller control control electromagnetic valve is opened, vapour storage tank injects high pressure steam to cylinder, piston actuated shuttle extension pulley moves, main traction winch is connected flywheel by the flywheel clutch adhesive with the powered maneuver power output shaft simultaneously, drg discharges simultaneously, the engine accelerated service, the power-transfer clutch and the drg of secondary traction winch all discharge, this moment, the engine of main traction winch drove the rotation of winch roller at full speed, cable wire extension pulley quick slip in chute when twining on the winch roller axle drives shuttle traction carrier-borne aircraft simultaneously and quickens to slide on takeoff runway, because the winch roller is at the rotation initial stage, cable wire is that minor diameter twines in the winding of winch roller axial region, haulage speed is slow, but tractive force is big, low velocity large traction takeoff condition when just in time meeting the carrier-borne aircraft rate of onset and be zero, on winch roller axle, twine the increase of the number of turns along with cable wire, cooling diameter is increasing, thereby haulage speed is more and more faster, when carrier-borne aircraft arrives the takeoff runway terminal point, the diameter maximum that cable wire twines on winch roller axle, the speed of wrap of cable wire is exactly the basic takeoff speed of carrier-borne aircraft, at this moment shuttle separates with aircraft nose wheel, the carrier-borne aircraft lift-off:
4) when moment that shuttle separates with carrier-borne aircraft, the sensor-triggered of takeoff runway destination county, the power-transfer clutch that the ejection sequence controller is controlled on main traction winch and the secondary traction winch winch roller all discharges, drg in main traction winch and the letter of secondary traction winch winch roller is braked simultaneously, and the shuttle extension pulley stops at the takeoff runway terminal point; Engine on the main traction winch is pressed tickover, and the electrical motor on the secondary traction winch remains in operation;
5) drg controlled on main traction winch and the secondary traction winch winch roller of ejection sequence controller discharges simultaneously, the power-transfer clutch of main traction winch winch roller discharges, power-transfer clutch adhesive on the secondary traction winch winch roller, secondary traction winch traction shuttle extension pulley returns the takeoff runway starting point, before push away cylinder and oppositely fill vapour, piston is pulled back in the indentation cylinder barrel, the ejection sequence controller is controlled the drg of winch roller on main traction winch and the secondary traction winch and is braked simultaneously, and shuttle stops at the takeoff runway starting point and awaits orders.
Excellent effect of the present invention is, volume is little, and is few with the space, and takeoff runway is not subjected to distance limit, not limited by radian, not only can use on the sliding formula aircraft carrier that jumps, and also can use on the common aircraft carrier in plane, is not subjected to the restriction of landing airdrome length.Chute length of the present invention is unrestricted, and sinuousness is unrestricted, thus can adapt to the sliding formula takeoff runway that jumps, more can the adaptation level takeoff runway.The range of choice of engine is wideer, can use any power on the aircraft carrier, comprise steam, electric power or combustion engine, ejector of the present invention is compared with steam catapult, excellent effect is, various high-power power machines have been mature technologys, provide at engine under the situation of sufficient power, in the distance of takeoff runway 90-130 rice, aircraft is realized the even acceleration of 0-75 meter per second, promptly aircraft is accelerated to the takeoff speed of 75-85 meter per second in the distance of 90-130 rice, and this accelerated mode is by accelerating slowly, the aviator adapts to soon, can not cause the aviator to go into a coma moment.
Concrete real ancient type of banner hoisted on a featherdecked mast mode
Do following detailed explanation with reference to accompanying drawing to pulling in front and others push behind formula aircraft carrier ejector and catapult technique thereof.
As accompanying drawing 1,2, shown in 8, the formula aircraft carrier ejector of pulling in front and others push behind of the present invention, its structure is by the aircraft carrier cunning formula takeoff runway that jumps, the shuttle extension pulley, the extension pulley cableway, main traction winch, secondary traction winch, before push away cylinder and ejection sequence controller and form, wherein, the extension pulley cableway is arranged on the jump centre of formula takeoff runway or horizontal takeoff runway of aircraft carrier cunning, the shuttle extension pulley is arranged among the extension pulley cableway, main traction winch and secondary traction winch are arranged among the cabin of takeoff runway below, the cable wire of main traction winch and secondary traction winch is connected with the rear and front end of shuttle extension pulley respectively, and the preceding cylinder that pushes away is set in place in the bottom of the starting point place of takeoff runway extension pulley cableway;
As accompanying drawing 3, shown in 4, the extension pulley cableway is by upper cover plate 2, chute 4, cable wire protection angle bar 3 is formed, the top of chute 4 is provided with flange, the bottom of flange and takeoff runway 1 is fixed together, the centre of upper cover plate 2 is provided with cracks 39, on crack 39 both sides and takeoff runway 1 parallel and be fixed together with the flange on chute 4 tops, chute 4 bottoms that are positioned at takeoff runway 1 starting point have down cracks 40, the following centre joint 40 equates that with the extension elongation that before pushes away cylinder 34 pistons the two ends of chute 4 are respectively arranged with stroke sensor 27 and tachogenerator 26 provides switch controlling signal for ejection sequence controller 28;
As accompanying drawing 5,6, shown in 7, the shuttle extension pulley is by vehicle frame 9, roller 12, main pull line equalizer pulley 7, secondary pull line equalizer pulley 10 and shuttle connecting panel 14 are formed, main pull line equalizer pulley 7 and secondary pull line equalizer pulley 10 are fixed on the bottom of vehicle frame 9 by head pulley axle bed 8 and auxiliary pulley axle bed 11, vehicle frame 9 is the I shape of horizontal positioned, by-level partly is the car crossbeam, the both sides vertical component is the roller adapter plate, 12 fens two rows of roller are arranged on the adapter plate on vehicle frame 9 both sides, two row's rollers 12 on both sides, adapter plate top roll with upper cover plate 2 bottoms and join, two row's rollers 12 on both sides, adapter plate bottom roll with chute 9 bottoms and join, shuttle connecting panel 14 vertically is arranged on the centre of cross member of frame, cracking upwards to expose with shuttle and be connected in the middle of the upper cover plate 2 passed on its top, shuttle is connected with aircraft nose wheel, the bottom that is positioned at cross member of frame is provided with main cable equalizer pulley 7 and secondary pull line equalizer pulley 10, main cable equalizer pulley 7 is connected with secondary traction winch with main traction winch with secondary pull line 13 by main pull line 6 respectively with secondary pull line equalizer pulley 10, and main pull line 6 is connected with reverse pulley 25 at chute 4 two ends with secondary pull line 13:
Shown in accompanying drawing 1,2,3,8, before push away cylinder 34 piston nose portion be connected with connecting rod 35, the other end of connecting rod 35 is connected with and pushes away hook 36, pushes away the rear end that pushes away cylinder 34 before hook 36 oppositely extends, be upward through the following of chute 4 bottoms and crack 40, join with the baffle plate 5 at the rear portion of shuttle extension pulley; The both sides that push away hook 36 are provided with support wheel 37 and are connected with chute 4 rollings;
Before push away cylinder 34 and adopt twin-tubs to be arranged side by side, the end of piston by connecting rod 35 with push away hook 36 and be connected, the preceding cylinder 34 that pushes away is connected with vapour storage tank 38 by pipeline, is provided with electromagnetic valve between the pipeline, vapour storage tank 38 also is connected with steam boiler by pipeline.
Before push away cylinder 34 air cylinders and replace, air cylinder is connected with storage tank by pipeline, storage tank is connected with Air compressor by pipeline.
As shown in Figure 2, main traction winch, be by support 20, engine 15, power-transfer clutch 16, flywheel 29, transmission shaft 30, winch roller 18 and brake gear 17 are formed, wherein winch roller 18 is arranged on the transmission shaft 30, transmission shaft 30 two ends are fixing with support 20 by bearing seat 19, wherein an end of transmission shaft 30 passes bearing seat 19 and is connected with power-transfer clutch 16, power-transfer clutch 16 is connected with the flywheel 29 of engine 15 takeoff output axle heads, the two ends of winch roller 18 are provided with brake gear 17, engine 15 and winch roller 18 adopt the opposed mode of two covers to be arranged on the support 20, in the middle of two cover winch rollers 18 are arranged on, engine 15 is arranged on the both sides of support 20, use a main pull line 6 on two winch rollers 18, the termination of main pull line 6 and winch roller axle are fixed, and the centre of main pull line 6 is connected with main pull line equalizer pulley 7 on the shuttle extension pulley;
Secondary traction winch, be by auxiliary engine bed 31, electrical motor 21, side clutch 22, counter drive shaft 32, secondary winch roller letter 23 and auxiliary brake device 25 are formed, counter drive shaft 32 two ends of wherein secondary winch roller 23 are fixing with auxiliary engine bed 31 by countershaft bearing 33, the two ends of counter drive shaft 32 are passed countershaft bearing 33 and are connected with side clutch 22, side clutch 22 is connected with the motor power output shaft, the two ends of secondary winch roller 23 are provided with auxiliary brake device 25, electrical motor and secondary winch roller 23 adopt the opposed mode of two covers to be arranged on the auxiliary engine bed 31, in the middle of the secondary winch roller 23 of two covers is arranged on, electrical motor is arranged on the both sides of auxiliary engine bed 31, use a secondary pull line 24 on two secondary winch rollers 23, termination and two secondary winch roller axles of secondary pull line 24 are fixed, and pair is led
Drawing the centre of cable wire 24 is connected with secondary pull line equalizer pulley 10 on the shuttle extension pulley.
The engine 15 that main traction winch uses is meant adjustable frequency motor, diesel engine, spark ignition engine, steam turbine, turbo-machine and HM Hydraulic Motor.
The two ends master's pull line that is positioned at chute comes and goes the laser velocimeter 26, the opto-electronic pickup 27 that are provided with on the passage of process and is connected with ejection controller 28 by data line.
Main traction winch is connected with ejection controller by data line with brake gear, power-transfer clutch on the good fortune traction winch.
Embodiment
In 0 to 50 meter distance of aircraft carrier takeoff runway, provide acceleration/accel for carrier-borne aircraft by preceding pushing away cylinder, when preceding pushing away the cylinder startup, be equipped with flywheel energy storage with engine as propulsion source, by the flywheel amount of holding, drawing under the winding reducing effect of cheese under the control of ejection sequence controller and at power-transfer clutch and pull line, the energy of flywheel and engine is gathered on the takeoff runway of 0-130 rice to carrier-borne aircraft provides basic takeoff speed, realize the catapult-assisted take-off of all kinds of carrier-borne aircrafts on the aircraft carrier takeoff runway; It is as follows specifically to launch step:
1) by the setting of ejector controller take off kind, load and the takeoff speed of aircraft, ejector controller control engine drives flywheel and rotates synchronously, when the engine rotating speed reach set rotating speed after, stand-by:
2) the shuttle extension pulley is positioned at the starting point of takeoff runway, be connected with the aircraft nose wheel that is parked in the runway starting point with shuttle connecting panel bonded assembly shuttle, the winch roller of main traction winch and secondary traction winch locks by drg, before push away the hook that pushes away of steam cylinder piston end, with shuttle extension pulley rear portion overlap joint, carrier-borne aircraft is ready;
3) after the dispatcher assigns takeoff order, ejection sequence controller control control electromagnetic valve is opened, vapour storage tank injects high pressure steam to cylinder, piston actuated shuttle extension pulley moves, main traction winch is connected flywheel by the flywheel clutch adhesive with the powered maneuver power output shaft simultaneously, drg discharges simultaneously, the engine accelerated service, the power-transfer clutch and the drg of secondary traction winch all discharge, this moment, the engine of main traction winch drove the rotation of winch roller at full speed, cable wire extension pulley quick slip in chute when twining on the winch roller axle drives shuttle traction carrier-borne aircraft simultaneously and quickens to slide on takeoff runway, because the winch roller is at the rotation initial stage, cable wire is that minor diameter twines in the winding of winch roller axial region, haulage speed is slow, but tractive force is big, low velocity large traction takeoff condition when just in time meeting the carrier-borne aircraft rate of onset and be zero, on winch roller axle, twine the increase of the number of turns along with cable wire, cooling diameter is increasing, thereby haulage speed is more and more faster, when carrier-borne aircraft arrives the takeoff runway terminal point, the diameter maximum that cable wire twines on winch roller axle, the speed of wrap of cable wire is exactly the basic takeoff speed of carrier-borne aircraft, at this moment shuttle separates with aircraft nose wheel, the carrier-borne aircraft lift-off:
4) when the moment that shuttle separates with carrier-borne aircraft, the sensor-triggered of takeoff runway destination county, the control of ejection sequence controller is main leads
The power-transfer clutch that draws on winch and the secondary traction winch winch roller all discharges, and the drg on main traction winch and the secondary traction winch winch roller is braked simultaneously, and the shuttle extension pulley stops at the takeoff runway terminal point; Engine on the main traction winch is pressed tickover, and the electrical motor on the secondary traction winch remains in operation;
5) drg controlled on main traction winch and the secondary traction winch winch roller of ejection sequence controller discharges simultaneously, the power-transfer clutch of main traction winch winch roller discharges, power-transfer clutch adhesive on the secondary traction winch winch roller, secondary traction winch traction shuttle extension pulley returns the takeoff runway starting point, before push away cylinder and oppositely fill vapour, piston is pulled back in the indentation cylinder barrel, the ejection sequence controller is controlled the drg of winch roller on main traction winch and the secondary traction winch and is braked simultaneously, and shuttle stops at the takeoff runway starting point and awaits orders.
Control the liftoff moment takeoff speed of aircraft by the width of control winch roller and the cooling diameter of cable wire, computing formula is expressed from the next:
Carrier-borne aircraft must obtain on 100 meters runway
Acceleration/accel just can take off successfully, take off speed and acceleration
It is as follows that the degree run duration is calculated formula:
V=√(2aX)=√(200×30)≈77.46m/s (1)
t=√(2X/a)=√(200/30)≈2.58s (2)
The length of the length=runway of cable wire, the length of cable wire=each layer rope length sum, the length of cable wire
L=(L1+L2+ ... LX)=length (3) of takeoff runway
The length computation formula of every layer of cable wire of winch roller:
Li=3.14N(D+2dC) (4)
D is the diameter that is wrapped in winch roller axle,
N is the number of turns of every layer of cable wire;
The diameter of Di=winch roller axle;
The diameter of d=cable wire;
The number of plies of C=cable wire
The density that cable wire twines is ignored in length=100 of cable wire meter on the length of takeoff runway=winch roller, sets the diameter D axle of winch roller axle=0.3 meter; The diameter d of cable wire=0.02 meter; The number of turns N-2 of every layer of cable wire according to the length of formula (4) each layer cable wire is respectively:
The length of every layer of cable wire (rice) cumulative length (rice)
L1=6.28(0.3+0.04*1)=2.14 2.14
L2=6.28(0.3+0.04*2)=2.38 4.52
L3=6.28(0.3+0.04*3)=2.63 7.14
L4=6.28(0.3+0.04*4)=2.9 10.05
L5=6.28(0.3+0.04*5)=3.14 13.18
L6=6.28(0.3+0.04*6)=3.39 16.57
L7=6.28(0.3+0.04*7):3.64 20.21
L8=6.28(0.3+0.04*8)=3.89 24.10
L9=6.28(0.3+0.04*9)=4.14 28.24
LL0=6.28(0.3+0.04*10)=4.39 32.63
L11=6.28(0.3+0.04*11)=4.64 37.27
L12=6.28(0.3+0.04*12)=4.9 42.17
L13:6.28(0.3+0.04*13)=5.15 47.32
L14=6.28(0.3+0.04*14)=5.4 52.57
L15=6.28(0.3+0.04*15)=5.65 58.37
Lt6=6.28(0.3+0.04*16)=5.9,?64.27
L17=6.28(0.3+0.04*17)=6.15 70.42
L18=6.28(0.3+0.04*18)=6.4 76.82
L19:6.28(0.3+0.04*19)=6.65 83.47
L20=6.28(0.3+0.04*20)=6.9 90.37
L21=6.28(0.3+0.04*21)=7.159?97.53
L22=6.28(0.3+0.04*22)=7.41 104.9
L23=6.28(0.3+0.04*23)=7.66 112.6
L24=6.28(0.3+0.04*24)=7.91 120.51
The length of the 22nd layer of cable wire is L=(LI+L2+ ... L21): 104.9 meters,
The length of the 24th layer of cable wire is L=(LI~L2+ ... L21): 120.51 meters,
Known aircraft quickens the departure time on 100 meters runways be 2.58 seconds, per second rope woolding 44/2.58 ≈ 17 circles, 17/2=8.53 layer/second, 2.58 second roller changes the 2.58*8.53=22 layer, cable wire is 105 meters at 22 layers cumulative length, if select for use diesel engine that power is provided, the standard revolving speed of diesel engine is 1500 rev/mins, the per second rotating speed is 25, is adjusted into 18 revolutions per seconds by speed change, can reach the takeoff speed of carrier-borne aircraft for the winch roller provides 18 revolutions per seconds rotating speed.
By aforementioned calculation as can be seen, the length of first second cable wire is 24.10 meters, the length of second second cable wire is 64.27 meters, quicken 40.17 meters, rope length was 120.51 meters in the 3rd second, and the acceleration between the 3rd second and second second is 56.24 meters, and 105 meters cable wires twine 44 circles altogether in the time of 2.58 seconds on roller, the very hommization of this kind accelerated mode can not cause damage to chaufeur and aircraft.Before push away the first half term that cylinder is arranged on takeoff runway, the speed of taking off is started from scratch, the kinetic energy that need take off is big, thereby provide initial velocity with before pushing away cylinder, and aircraft rises when going to the second half, and engine has been realized rotating at full speed, add self power of boarding a plane, the takeoff speed that aircraft is easy to quicken.When winch roller rotating speed one regularly, on roller, twine the increase of the number of plies by cable wire, for carrier-borne aircraft provides
Acceleration/accel and the takeoff speed of 77.46m/s.If diesel engine provides extra even acceleration by regulating throttle, the takeoff speed of carrier-borne aircraft can also improve 20-50%.
Under the certain situation of rotating speed, the diameter or the cable wire that suitably increase roller get the takeoff speed that diameter also increases carrier-borne aircraft.
Main traction winch adopts two configurations, is connected with extension pulley by pulley in the middle of the cable wire, can single engine during use, be used for launching of low speed shipboard early warning aircraft, and also can draw simultaneously by two-shipper, adapt to taking off of different carrier-borne aircrafts by controlling the engine rotating speed.
Be provided with micro controller system and memory device in the ejection controller, micro controller system belongs to industrial control technology, is known technology.
About preceding pushing away the processing of cylinder, cylinder length is selected 1/2nd of takeoff runway for use, be not only the difficulty of processing that reduces cylinder, main is to adopt closed cylinder, except energy savings, cylinder operation pressure can be improved, especially adopt air cylinder, with the diameter that can reduce cylinder under the equipower, reduce the sky of hold facility and ask, improve the service life of equipment.The selection of engine will be considered the size of aircraft carrier, if nuclear power source can be considered to use steam engine or steam turbine, if medium-sized aircraft carrier then uses diesel engine or turbo-machine, various engines are mature technologys, have the range of choice of broad.Even select two high-power aero-engine for use, can not take much spaces yet, if the power of an aero-engine is the twice of carrier-borne aircraft driving engine, two aero-engine draw a carrier-borne aircraft so, with the power redundancy that has 4 times.The pistons end thrust Design if do not consider above factor, can be adopted in the space of the length that oppositely is connected main consideration cylinder with coaster of steam cylinder piston and minimizing clamping plate below.
No matter carrier-based aircraft ejector of the present invention is equipment manufacturing cost, or use cost, all wants the calculating of steam catapult of ratio open cylinder, and technical risk is wanted little easy realization, and service life, also ratio open cylinder steam catapult will be grown.Because design of the present invention all is modularization, no matter be processing and fabricating, install and use, it is all very simple and convenient still to save maintenance from damage.China is badly in need of at present aircraft carrier and safeguards our 3,800,000 square kilometres ocean, wishes that state knows that office gets in touch with the Chinese military as early as possible, recommends technical scheme of the present invention or for their reference, realizes the aircraft carrier dream of China as early as possible to them.