CN102514720B - Safe carrier landing and high-efficiency energy recycling device of carrier aircraft - Google Patents
Safe carrier landing and high-efficiency energy recycling device of carrier aircraft Download PDFInfo
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- CN102514720B CN102514720B CN201110431078.5A CN201110431078A CN102514720B CN 102514720 B CN102514720 B CN 102514720B CN 201110431078 A CN201110431078 A CN 201110431078A CN 102514720 B CN102514720 B CN 102514720B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B64F1/00—Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations
- B64F1/02—Arresting gear; Liquid barriers
- B64F1/025—Arresting gear; Liquid barriers using decelerating or arresting beds
Abstract
A safe carrier landing and high-efficiency energy recycling device of a carrier aircraft is characterized by comprising a resistance pad component, an oil squeezing component, an oil return component, an oil supplementing component, an oil circulation control component and a hydraulic-electric conversion component. Squeezed oil is transmitted to the hydraulic-electric conversion component from the resistance pad component via the oil squeezing component, output of the hydraulic-electric conversion component and input of the oil return component are connected so as to form oil channel circulation, output of the oil supplementing component is connected with the oil return component, the oil circulation control component controls the speed of oil circulation, and the hydraulic-electric control component converts oil pressure mechanical energy into electric energy. The safe carrier landing and high-efficiency energy recycling device is reasonable in structure, light in weight, easy in maintenance and reliable, safe and steady in braking process, realizes safe carrier landing and high-efficiency energy recycling, occupies few decks of a warship, and realizes energy conservation and emission reduction. In addition, tail hooks of the aircraft for being hooked with arresting ropes can be omitted, and accidents of unhooking of the arresting rope are avoided. Besides, requirements of 'front blocking and rear dragging' and repeated setting of a plurality of stopping devices are omitted, accident possibility is reduced, the weight of a carrier is lightened, and the number of warships parked on decks is increased. Further, longitudinal strength of warship bodies does not need to be specially strengthened.
Description
Ji Intraoperative field
The present invention relates to a kind of device, particularly a kind of carrier-borne aircraft safety warship, energy efficient regenerative apparatus.
Background technology
The object of aircraft carrier and task are as carrier-borne aircraft fast lifting platform.China builds aircraft carrier of new generation can carry 60～～70 carrier-borne aircrafts, wherein 48 multirole strike fighters, 4 AWACS, 4 tanker aircrafts, 6～8 antisubmarine planes.Best interval is that every 50 seconds airplanes arrive on glide path.Carrier-borne aircraft landing is above deck a process that is full of various danger, before crossing, later or keep left, keep right,, capital cause go out deck or with warship on other plane collisions Wei Insurance, wave is high, wave is low, deck Heng Oscillating amplitude is excessive, produces the, Piao that topples and fly in the time of also can making carrier-borne aircraft wheel touch deck.The excessive aircraft sometimes of warship initial velocity also has leaving velocity can fall into marine fatal crass in the deck end.Just likely there is one time accident 50 times in the every landing of carrier-borne aircraft in World War II.
General Come says, the sinking speed of carrier-borne aircraft is more low better, by physics Xue Zhi: warship ENERGY E
k=1/2mv
2+ mgh (first be before warship in the sea flat of 3---12 fly the kinetic energy that initial velocity v and the machine Aircraft Quality m while falling has; Mat woven of fine bamboo strips binomial is that the quality m of aircraft adds had potential energy while flying to fall to 4 meters of the parallel deck of aircraft, overhead, deck front ends above height h and machine .) by formula, can See warship speed V and machine, to fall the weight G (m=G/g) of inch the smaller the better.But too low meeting makes aircraft depart from warship track to have an accident.Major cause is the restriction that is subject to aeroplane performance, aircraft can not make full use of flight directive Come and realize TRAJECTORY CONTROL in downslide process, and in downslide process, aircraft relies on the capable deflection among a small circle of empennage Bu Duan Jin Come to adjust glide paths but can not produce enough actuating forces because pneumatic rudder face exists " Stagnation after effect " speed when low.
After the war carrier-borne aircraft in order to look after main tactical qualities, flying speed constantly increases, flight path when this also means its landing is controlled better, warship track more accurate.After the war first generation carrier-borne aircraft warship Time speed be commonly 150km/h (approximately 81 joint), second on behalf of 220km/h (approximately 119 joint), third generation opportunity of combat in 240km/h left and right (approximately 130 joint), opportunity of combat is all in the warship action of gliding of the speed range of 250km/h (approximately 135 joint) now.The initial velocity of marching into the arena when preventing warship is large, highly low, and knock the initiating terminal of landing deck, the position that the wheel of carrier-borne aircraft touches deck is mostly from more than 70 meter of of naval vessel initiating terminal, so that for landing provides more " fault-tolerance distance ", the machine of carrier-borne aircraft and weight G also constantly increase this situation can there is following problem:
1, warship kinetic energy increases, when the carrier-borne aircraft formula of " falling and hit " warship, " hitting deck " at present, can produce impact greatly, also can increase alighting gear rate of sinking warship, Landing Gear Design standard is the rate of sinking of 4.5m/s, carrier-borne aircraft requires alighting gear can bear the rate of sinking of 6m/s, increases undoubtedly landing gear structure weight and aircraft carrier displacement.
2, warship speed and increase, deck, dropping zone constantly lengthens.The length of carrier-borne aircraft landing safety and aircraft carrier dropping zone has very large relation; The large-scale aircraft carrier of the U.S. is conventionally leading directly to deck 2/3rds as dropping zone in World War II, length is upper and lower at 200 meters, (remaining as catapult-assisted take-off district), the U.S. reequips on World War II " Essex " level aircraft carrier basis, dropping zone length becomes 146 meters, use 20 century 70s always, the nuclear aircraft carrier of design had increase by a relatively large margin afterwards, nuclear aircraft carrier " Nimitz " number as maximum in U.S.'s active service, 320 meters of left and right of aircraft carrier bosun, dropping zone length is increased to 256 meters, 76 meters of maximum widths.Long 300 meters, wide 70 meters of 304 meters of " watt good lattice " aircraft carrier ， Jian Long of China's transformation, flight deck.1.5 ten thousand tons of " giant " that fluid ton Ye You initial stage Britain makes level aircraft carrier displacement, develop into 6-8 ten thousand tons.
3, that warship machine increases, heavy increase, in World War II aircraft carrier only carry that fighter plane, bomber ， No have " giant " give the support aircrafts such as alert machine, fuel charger in the air.Approximately 20 tons of modern opportunities of combat, 30 tons of fuel chargers, give alert machine and weigh 40 tons.The road-holding property of aircraft lands when improving low speed, propeller carrier-borne aircraft in World War II conventionally will be abandoned unspent bomb or torpedo before warship, in Korean War and Vietnam War afterwards, U.S. army also will throw away unspent bomb in the sea and go before regulation carrier landing, and only on warship, ammunition is at full stretch.Now due to carrier-borne aircraft carry high value precision guided munition, the existing institute of situation changes.
4, arrester wires is that system core part falls in carrier-borne machine aided, and the check cable of steel wire matter is located at aircraft carrier dropping zone, and end, the wide 40 meters of two ends of check cable is fixing with damper (ram cylinder of Tapes throttling) respectively, fell at ordinary times above deck, when aircraft warship, by bow type spring, propped, be highly about 30 to 50 centimetres, carrier-borne aircraft afterbody is provided with pintle, after taking off, close at aircraft tail cone Inner, put down pintle while preparing warship, aircraft stern and is hooked check cable, drive damper, impel aircraft to slow down and stop.After the left alone without help machine of aircraft, pintle and check cable are de-to be hooked, and damper drives check cable resile, prepares to receive next airplane landing.Aircraft carrier in World War II has all adopted more arrester wires, conventionally surpasses 8, and " Essex " level was used at most 16, to improve the probability of arrester wires on warship hook; And after World War II due to the upper warship of jet supersonic plane, on aircraft carrier, arrester wires reduces to 5 soon, the aircraft carrier that the U.S. builds after the war has all only adopted 4 arrester wires substantially, and " Nimitz " level aircraft carrier of active service has reduced to 3.China buys 4 from Ukraine, at " watt good lattice " aircraft carrier of reequiping, has filled 1.
When 5, aircraft declines, pintle usually can not tangle the arrester wires of steel wire matter between two parties.Make steel wire two ends damper uniform stressed; wheel resistance is departing from warship track or inclination because of asymmetric; particularly can not be according to the resistance of sinking speed and body weight automatic damping adjusting device, becoming is active drag by dynamic resistance, is saying nothing of steadily warship, is reclaiming kinetic energy.
While 6, landing due to carrier-borne aircraft, warship speed very large, the ground run distance requirement of the flight first length Bu Neng far away Full foot aircraft landing of aircraft carrier, during actual ship-board aircraft landing, also to utilize drag parachute device, to increase Strong deceleration effort, and 2/3rds places arrange barrier on deck, as last " anti-Line " together.For example, when aircraft warship with 130 joint speed, the wheel of carrier-borne aircraft touches the position on deck far from more than 70 meter of of naval vessel initiating terminal, supposes that braking acceleration is-5m/s
2the displacement of opening 3s end through 3s drag parachute is 157.5 meters, the speed at 3 seconds ends is that 45m/s stops inch, slided 80.5 meters again to aircraft, add when wheel touches runway from 70 meters of deck runway initiating terminals " fault-tolerance distance ", add up to: 308 meters, add and stop the turning radius total length that aircraft after end of braking leaves dropping zone and must surpass aircraft carrier total length .! According to guiding person's instruction, go around; Just lose one's life in the sea, " completing revolution ".
7, stop the arrester wires Strong degree stop low, with the limit of physical strength, the arrester wires of steel wire matter, requiring warship speed per hour to be less than 130 joints, and carrier-borne aircraft Jian Time horizontal velocity generally all at 135 joints now, reduces arrester wires safety factor, Tapes carrys out device hidden danger.Must research and development light-high-strength carbon fiber synthetic material.
8, so far, arrester is one passive can turn Change device (object for appreciation be the trifling matter of " pulling out radish "), and high, the not early stage obstruction hook of its technology content is directly installed on the stressed longeron of body afterbody.When warship machine tangles arrester wires, body can be severely affected, while even there is landing after tail because stopping the too large situation of being broken by rubbish of overload.Carrier-borne aircraft afterwards body and increased spring or hydraulic pressure form between warship hook shock absorber just reduce the accident of this respect, but accident is not stopped yet.
9, because warship kinetic energy is very large, the damper at check cable two ends (oil cylinder), through valve throttle block, difference of pressure P (kg/cm
2) the speed V (km/h) that warship slides very large again for very high, aircraft, also very large through the flow Q of by pass valve oil return cylinder (L/nim), loss obstruction power N=PQ/612 η (Kw) moment △ t(h when piston extends) be all converted into oily heat H(kcal/h) up to up to ten thousand kilocalories, make up to ten thousand kilocalories of hydraulic efficiency pressure system temperature rise, oil temperature considerably beyond 100 ℃, to device, bring very large destruction.This is the U.S. aircraft carrier is set to block one of the plurality of cable reasons.
10, in order to make the brake action stopping balancedly be applied on aircraft, make again to stop and have larger driftage " fault-tolerant ability " simultaneously, the arrester wires that course line is used is now tightened width mostly more than 40 meters, due to the aircraft taxi deviation that will consider that the unbalanced braking of existing arrester wires causes, the width of whole dropping zone is just larger, and this has just caused dropping zone area to account for the total floor space of aircraft carrier situation over half.At present Zu Lan Zhuan Catching-rabbits function repeat, complex structure, poor stability, efficiency-cost ratio are high, weight and volume is also slightly aobvious bigger than normal, what more kill is that this brake equipment is extremely unbalanced.And warship energy can not get reasonable recycling completely.
11, the brake equipment stopping distance on the U.S. and Russian Aircraft Carrier is generally upper and lower at 100 meters, by carrier landing speed, calculate average overload and should not surpass 3g, but the maximum of this device (arrester wires adds damper) braking overload often surpasses 4.5g, so that carrier-borne aircraft has to adopt larger overload values as " insurance ", make body pay too much structure weightening finish cost.
Eighties of last century United States Navy's seventies goes out to be called by moonfall technical development: under the severe sea condition that the carrier-borne deck heave of " all-weather electronic helps the system of falling " is 1.5 meters, landing precision can arrive the model Wai Inner of 3 meters of longitudinal positive and negative 13 meters, lateral error.But rely on expensive instrument advantage little, the needs that in addition have wartime electromagnetism to mourn in silence, the raising of landing safety is unlike manually more in conjunction with optical navigation, more accurate.Because the performance of aircraft own is limit; Be on the other hand because when landing aircraft carrier and aircraft all in motion, sea lacks again terrestrial reference, cause required flying quality collection comprehensively and accuracy rate inadequate.Warship failure and not only refer to occur major accident or do not hang up arrester wires, but also comprise inaccurate heavily the flying of causing of glide paths.Say in a sense, heavily flying and going around is also accident, because landing has increased accident rate again.
To eighties of last century eighties, aircraft vectored thrust technology has had significant progress, and landing distance can shorten 40% to 60%, and this is because vectored thrust technology can be given full play to the potentiality of aircraft itself.All aircrafts have the minimum level speed of a corresponding flying weight, the minimum level speed of Qian tenth of China also can be low to moderate 160 kms/time, (approximately 86.4 joint) U.S. F-15 can be low is 135 km/Time to 122 kms/time (approximately 66 joint), F-16, (approximately 73 joint).Contemporary standard fighter plane is the in the situation that of excess oil and half carry, the lift producing according to wing, the speed that its landing is marched into the arena can be reduced to below 180 kms/time, (approximately 97 joint) just the driving efficiency of empennage significantly reduces in this speed, the requirement that keeps correct glide paths while can not meet warship, and do not do a good job and will enter stall condition, therefore modern opportunity of combat is all in the warship action of gliding of the speed range in 250 kms/time (approximately 135 joint), by United States Navy's blessing, vectored thrust makes warship kinetic energy reduce by 3.8%.
The effect of the manipulation of vectored thrust and flying speed are irrelevant.Vectored thrust energy provides very large operating torque within a short period of time, and speed of response is much sensitiveer than pneumatic rudder face,
On April 29th, 2003, United States Navy utilizes X-31A experimental engine successfully to carry out under the manipulation of autonomous cruise speed system with 24 degree At High Angle of Attack states land (limit angle of attack 70 degree), just at drive end unit, overhead only has the moment of 600 millimeters, can provide precision to reach the beacon measuring system of 15 millimeters, will automatically send steering command, that is to say and allow aircraft bow rapidly, tail is raised, what when head is about to ground connection, allow tail is greater than wheel from altitude above deck, become a kind of " sparrow falls " mode, can be in downslide precision, sinking speed two aspects reach cooperation, landing precision can from before longitudinal positive and negative 13 meters of degree of bringing up to positive and negative 2-3 meters, transverse precision can reach 0.5 meter of following level, with regard to the survey precision of 5 millimeters, the deflection angle of suitably adjusting left and right aileron just can allow left and right wheel touch deck simultaneously, following carrier-borne aircraft can not occur not produced bounce because wheel touches deck simultaneously again.By the look of development, utilize vectored thrust technology can also make warship kinetic energy further reduce, reach 50% even higher, the sinking speed of carrier-borne aircraft, the France's " phantom 2000 " being completely likely reduced to before 20 years 130 kms/times (approximately 70 joint) just can move through the horizontal flight of speed per hour 75 kms (approximately 40.5 joint), can also reduce the rate of sinking that alighting gear bears
Vectored thrust technology 1 for Mining, the impact energy can make carrier landing energy significantly reduce and reduce warship time, 2, can improve the downslide precision of carrier-borne aircraft, 3, reduce the rate of sinking that alighting gear bears, 4, can also significantly expand the landing time that carrier-borne aircraft " warship passage " and reduce carrier-borne aircraft, (7% the oil mass that has equaled to reduce return is stocked, increase by 10% with up stroke, expand opportunity of combat combat radius.
At present shipboard attack aircraft, AWACS and other support aircraft can not or also fail all to adopt vectored thrust technology, from engineering viewpoint, do not adopt the carrier-borne aircraft of vectored thrust technology except warship energy is not easy to reduce, landing precision increases substantially with making warship and produces safely the variation of matter.
Certainly, light has had vector steering technology also not all right, has also adopted following three up-to-date technologys to complete full automaticity landing: the one, can provide flying speed, highly, the air data system of the important information such as temperature and flight attitude; The 2nd, advanced high precision beacon landing system, this system can make the positioning precision of carrier-borne aircraft when landing and between mother ship carrier reach 15 millimeters.The 3rd, research and develop novel arrester.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of rational in infrastructurely, warship safety, energy can high efficiente callback, and lightweight, Accounting warship deck is few, and easily, braking procedure is reliable, safety, steadily in maintenance, Jie Neng Minus row's carrier-borne aircraft safety warship, energy efficient regenerative apparatus.
Object of the present invention can reach by following measures: a kind of carrier-borne aircraft safety warship and energy efficient regenerative apparatus, it is characterized in that: comprise resistance pad assembly, squeeze oily assembly, oil return assembly, repairing assembly, oil cycle control assembly and liquid electricity transition components, the oil of extruding through crowded oily assembly from resistance pad assembly is delivered to liquid electricity transition components, the output of liquid electricity transition components is connected with the input of oil return assembly, form an oil circulation, the output of repairing assembly is also connected with oil return assembly, oil cycle control assembly is being controlled the speed of oil circulation, liquid electricity transition components converts electric energy to oil pressure mechanical energy.
Object of the present invention can also reach by following measures: resistance pad assembly comprises fuel tank, resistance pad, screw, emulsion, pressing plate, spring, hanging column, roller, aircraft carrier deck, oil filler pipe, resistance pad extrudes by the compound organic gel of carbon fiber is whole, interlayer parallel longitudinal is being arranged straight-through resistance tube, one end of oil filler pipe communicates with resistance tube, the other end is connected with quick coupling, electromagnetic valve in oil return assembly, one end of pressing plate is connected with spring, the spring other end is hooked on hanging column, hanging column and aircraft carrier deck weld together, roller is located at the bottom of pressing plate.Oil return assembly comprises quick coupling, electromagnetic valve, oil return line, check valve, and in liquid electricity transition components, the output of variable-displacement oil motor is connected with oil filler pipe through oil return line, check valve, electromagnetic valve, quick coupling.Squeeze oily assembly and comprise oil filter, oil pump, pressure oil pipe, quick coupling, hydraulic control one-way valve, after the emulsion in resistance tube is extruded by oil pump, along pressure oil pipe, drive the variable-displacement oil motor in liquid electricity transition components through quick coupling, hydraulic control one-way valve.Repairing assembly comprises air accumulator, electric contact air-pressure gauge, electromagnetic valve, air filter, electrical motor, Air compressor, air-pressure tube, the pressure that oil filler pipe needs enters into air accumulator by air filter, Air compressor, air-pressure tube, electromagnetic valve, regulate the oil pressure in air accumulator, opens solenoid valve while reaching the pressure that computation center sets, comes back to oil filler pipe intake resistance pipe through quick coupling.Liquid electricity transition components comprises variable-displacement oil motor, electrical generator, electric switch, load, resistance, rectifying circuit, battery pack, capacitor bank, the output of variable-displacement oil motor Yi road drives electrical generator, hydraulic energy is transformed into mechanical energy, again mechanical energy is transformed into electric energy, after phase line is delivered to rectifying circuit rectifying and wave-filtering, be battery pack, capacitor bank charging.Oil cycle control assembly comprises remote-control pressure control valve, time relay, flow counter.Remote-control pressure control valve, time relay, flow counter are collected main wheel position pressure and flow information.Resistance pad is fixed by screws on aircraft carrier deck.Resistance tube in resistance pad can be arranged by isosceles triangle, forms honeycomb structure.On fuel tank, be also provided with cooling vessel, electric contact thermometer.
The present invention compared to existing technology tool has the following advantages:
1, cancelling aircraft tangles the pintle of arrester wires, does not exist and stop Off Gou Shi event.Do not have " front stifled post-tensioning ", repeat to arrange many cover arrester, reduction accident Gai leads, alleviates carrier-borne weight, increases the left alone without help opportunity of combat quantity of putting in deck.Needn't specially add the longitudinal Strong degree of Strong fuselage.
2, change from passive to active, the technology of the present invention Ke Jing Indeed regulation and control aircraft, at sliding section distance length and the track of running, need not install drag parachute, barrier additional.Reduce fault rate, cost saving.
3, by computer controlling center can be according to the information detecting, adjust each wheel resistance in real time, on the unnecessary left alone without help left alone without help machine level ground that just can be automatically brought to of aircraft of waiting of end speed 5m/h, greatly improving warship deck degree of utilization.
4, for the resistance pad of carrier-borne aircraft landing, as destroyed by enemy plane, can be at the utmost point in the short time, as laying carpet, resetting above deck.Lightweight, rational in infrastructure, install and change fast.
5, resistance pad surface full Cheng Tu has the special sign of luminescent material, vectored flight person's day, landing at night.
6, kinetic energy and liquid electricity Zhuan Huan Zhuan Catching-rabbits, by computer controlled automatic, technology maturation is reliable.
7, electric energy storage adopts super capacitor and redundance technology, have safe and reliable, charging is fast, capacity is large, volume is little, discharge time is long, easy for installation, Shou Ming Long, the low feature of one-tenth Ordering-the.
If 8, having realized high precision the carrier-borne aircraft of warship and recycles active drag of the present invention and reclaiming warship energy device, aircraft carrier is just likely dropping zone reduced width more than 1/3rd, this will greatly improve the congestion state of flight deck, and high-precision glide paths likely make carrier-borne aircraft wheel, just start to touch deck at more than 30 meter of of initiating terminal of landing deck, reduce deck runway " fault-tolerance distance ": 40 meters (70-30=40 rice) thus improve the feasibility that length is effectively used on deck.Above two features can make aircraft carrier vacate sizable floor space for taking off, shutting down, can cancel simultaneously 40 meters of arrester wires arrester across steel wire rope after, widen flight deck and the structure weightening finish that brings aircraft carrier capable of increasing water discharge capacity.
9, resistance " power " and resistance " blocking ", the carrier-borne aircraft landing technology of the change of one wordThe difference lies in a single word only, from design aircraft carrier angle, have sizable meaning! Rolling resistance energy recycle device of the present invention, direct fine adjustment is facing to warship machine wheel braking force size at an easy rate, and there is higher automatic control and " rail ability ", carrier landing " is gone off course fault-tolerant " and from 3 meters, be as far as possible significantly reduced to 15 millimeters of scopes.Energy recycle device also has the ability of adjusting in time landing aircraft taxi direction simultaneously; aircraft can slide along landing line of centers exactly; thereby even can pass through pressure sensor, traffic pulse and computing machine adjust all around wheel resistance aircraft " braking " to the stop position of dropping zone external right side; to carry out immediately the recovery of next frame, increase substantially the speed that reclaims aircraft.From the angle of efficiency-cost ratio, the odds ratio arrester wires when carrier landing speed 250--300 saves blocks, drag parachute etc., much smaller in difficulty technically, and aircraft carrier, carrier-borne aircraft cost are also much lower.Likely develop low one-tenth Ordering-the, performance-oriented pocket aircraft carrier.Under equal gold money budget condition, Yi Ge aircraft-carrier battle group, can as " Sun Wukong ", implement the art of attending to anything else, the increase of fighting capacity several times.
10, basis is guarded meter grate, the present invention is more aobvious huge for the economic advantages of the airport of continental rise; Carrier-borne aircraft can not be underestimated to power national defence effect in continental rise, warship base.The present invention can also be as plateau Dou Lu, ice-bound express highway, the device of car deceleration recuperated energy.
11, effects of energy saving and emission reduction is remarkable, has a extensive future.The direct economic benefit that energy reclaims should not be underestimated, and social effect is more favourable indirectly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is liquid electric system schematic diagram of the present invention:
Fig. 2 is that aircraft warship birds-eye view:
Fig. 3 be the A-A of Fig. 2 to cutaway view:
Fig. 4, Fig. 5 be the B-B of Fig. 2 to cutaway view:
Fig. 6 is the C place enlarged drawing of Fig. 3.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing (embodiment):
With reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 6, the present invention includes resistance pad assembly, squeeze the electric transition components of oily assembly, oil return assembly, repairing assembly, oily cycle control assembly and liquid etc.
Resistance pad assembly comprises fuel tank 8, resistance pad 36, screw 37, emulsion 38, pressing plate 39, spring 40, hanging column 41, roller 42, aircraft carrier deck 43, oil filler pipe 44 etc.; Oil return assembly comprises quick coupling 4-9, electromagnetic valve 11, oil return line 35, check valve 30-9 etc.; Squeeze oily assembly and comprise oil filter 1, oil pump 2, pressure oil pipe 3, quick coupling 4, hydraulic control one-way valve 5 etc.; Repairing assembly comprises air accumulator 13, electric contact air-pressure gauge 14, electromagnetic valve 15, air filter 18, electrical motor 19, Air compressor 20, air-pressure tube 25 etc.; Oil cycle control assembly comprises remote-control pressure control valve 9, time relay 10, flow counter 45-4 etc.; Liquid electricity transition components comprises variable-displacement oil motor 6, electrical generator 7, electric switch 21, load 22, resistance 23, rectifying circuit 24, battery pack 27, capacitor bank 28 etc.The liquid electric system that has shown five groups of resistance tubes 31 in Fig. 1; Another 16 is that cooling vessel, 17 is for 32,46 being main wheel before aircraft in electric contact thermometer, Fig. 2; 33,34 is main wheel.
For collecting main wheel position pressure and flow information, the impulse singla that remote-control pressure control valve 9 and time relay 10, flow counter 45-4 send, regulates and controls the pressure P of each resistance tube (as 1a～34a in Fig. 3) and flow Q input computing machine in time.Locate at runway top offset aircraft, aircraft carrier and carrier-borne aircraft at computer information management center.Aircraft position is carried out by the radar meter and the GPS that arrange above deck, pressure, flow, speed, temperature, wind direction, and wind sensor transmission, the state of flight of aircraft, can be inputted by on-the-spot pilot's hand-held transmitter.
32,33,34,46 Jian Time wheel edge tangential velocity V(are contrary with wheel rotation side for wheel, and size equates with warship horizontal velocity), by B → A → C, rotate (see figure 6) and be subject to fluid variable resistance power f
b, fa, fc, its mean drag be F
f(Jing Indeed calculates available integral formula), power is N
f=F
f* V equals fluid resistance power N
belectrical power P=the I of the power Nm=electrical generator 7 of=P * Q/6012 * 0.85=driving oil motor 6 *
vbattery 27, the electric capacity 28 through rectifying circuit 24 stores along phase line 26,29 for * COS φ, electric current.
After the emulsion 38 of resistance tube 31 Inner of resistance pad 36 is extruded by oil pump 2, along pressure oil pipe 3, drive variable-displacement oil motor 6 through quick coupling 4, hydraulic control one-way valve 5, flow counter 45-4, first hydraulic energy is changed into mechanical energy, drives electrical generator 7, then mechanical energy is transformed into electric energy; And through motor oil return line 35, check valve 30-9, electromagnetic valve 11, then through quick coupling 4-9, oil filler pipe 44 intake resistance pipes 31, preparation next round aircraft carries out transformation of energy while warship.
The pressure that oil filler pipe 44 needs by air filter 18, Air compressor 20, air-pressure tube 25, electromagnetic valve 15, enter into air accumulator 13, regulate the oil pressure in air accumulator 13, reach the pressure connection opens solenoid valve 11 that computation center is set, through quick coupling 4-9 and oil filler pipe 44 intake resistance pipes 31.
Remote-control pressure control valve 9 regulates the function of the 1a-34a pressurising of resistance pad inner tube and release in addition, and this adjusting is " partially held distance " and equal in Vt speed the instruction that 5,000 ms/h of aircrafts are turned and shifted out track according to aircraft taxi track by computing machine.There is the people of vehicle drive general knowledge all to know when wheel air pressure when a side automobile is low, resistance increases, the wheel resistance that opposite side is full of specified air pressure will reduce, car will drive automobile to turn to the large side of resistance, and this technology is utilized exactly this principle variable resistance power pad Inner resistance tube fluid pressure to form resistance difference and body turning is occurred.The survey speed radar of installing on deck, can be in real time V
0=240km/h decelerates to the signal of Vt=5km/h, transports to computer regulating center.
Rectifying circuit 24 is comprised of diode, electric capacity, battery etc., and rectifying circuit 24 also can adopt the modes such as mercury vapor rectifier according to the size of capacity.Diode D1～D4 is that bridge rectifier connects.Be connected with the phase line 26,29 of electrical generator respectively, the another two ends of rectifying circuit are connected with Novel vanadium battery group 27 two ends with super capacitor group 28 respectively again, and battery pack 27, capacitor bank 28 again respectively with switch 21, load 22, resistance 23 serial connections.Electric capacity 28 adopts Graphene super capacitor, and chargeable number of times is up to 500,000～1,000,000 times, and accumulate performance reaches 9 times to the energy density of lithium cell, completes charging and only uses 200 microseconds, and the charging life-span will be over more than 1,000 years, the excellent what lithium cell of cost.The shortcoming of super capacitor maximum is that self-discharge rate is high, in other words one day need not oneself also can leakage of electricity, so the present invention adopts redundance technology, an and Novel vanadium battery group 27 of company, vanadium cell charging duration 3～5 minutes, cost cost is 40% of current lithium cell, volume and weight is respectively 1/25 and 1/10 of lithium cell, can repeatedly charge more than 12000 times, battery life reaches 20 years.
During real work, carrier-borne aircraft can provide flying speed, highly, under guiding, the air data system of the important information such as temperature and flight attitude and advanced high precision beacon landing system correctly entering warship track, wheel 32, 33, 34, 46 Tong Time touch resistance pad 36, and each wheel is the line of centers 1a～34a of a resistance tube 31 in corresponding resistance pad separately, resistance pad is at wheel 32, 33, 34, under 46 weight effect, produce distortion, the spring 40 being connected with resistance pad end, (opposite side of spring is fixed on hanging column 41) makes spring elongation strain, roller 42 makes resistance pad panel down recessed smoothly, wheel flattens and makes upper lower wall in pipe to be close together resistance tube 31, width after pipe flattens is less than the width of wheel, at this moment wheel is separated into former and later two seal cavitys as gate valve resistance pad inner tube, wheel rolls forward under the effect of inertia of aircraft, produce " effect of squeezing toothpaste out of a tube ", fluid before wheel in square tube will flow along pipeline section, flowing liquid is subject to the effect of load-variable-displacement oil motor 6 and electrical generator 7, produce reaction thrust, just form wheel braking force and moment.Flowing liquid extrusion capacity number depend on oil pressure P and the flow Q that variable-displacement oil motor 6 generating need be played, pressure P and flow Q are set by Computer Database, by the other radar velocity measurement device arranging of deck-landing runway to the displacement of computer input aircraft and speed signal, automatically regulate the system pressure P of remote-control pressure control valve 9 and the flow Q of flow counter 45-4.Variable-displacement oil motor 6 drives electrical generator 7 output electric energy.With Time flow counter 45-4, impulse singla is passed to electromagnetic valve 11 and make its connection, wheel rolls forward, the space at wheel rear increases, by what Fei machine Ji Lun Roll, move pipeline very fast, wheel rear, even may produce parital vacuum, supplementary oil can, by the outlet of variable-displacement oil motor 6, communicate with the oil filler pipe 44 of resistance pad 36 through oil return line 35, check valve 30-9, electromagnetic valve 11, quick coupling 4-9 under normal circumstances.When pipeline system produces volumetric loss or repairing off-capacity, more-out-than-in, the rear space that the fluid of air accumulator 13 is abdicated by electromagnetic valve 11, fast kinetic head 4-9 and 44 pairs of wheels of resistance pad oil pipe is carried out repairing.Air energy-storage device 13 repairing speed, can be completed by electric contact air-pressure gauge 14, electrical motor 19, Air compressor 20, air-pressure tube 25, electromagnetic valve 15.In other words wheel the place ahead is to release, and rear is that equivalent enters, constantly circulation.The speed of circulation determines the fluid resistance in wheel the place ahead, and the pressure P of the variable-displacement oil motor 6 of namely flowing through and the size of flow Q determine.Computer controlling center according to the inflow-rate of water turbine Q of flow counter 45-4,, the pressure P of remote-control pressure control valve 9 is, the information of time relay 10 inputs, the aircraft end speed Vt that radar on deck is measured, the multiplication relationship of regulation and control variable-displacement oil motor 6 pressure P and flow Q, makes acceleration/accel a=-22.05m/s
2for constant and when making aircraft taxi apart from S≤100m end speed Vt=5km/h; make liquid in the pipeline that wheel is pushed down (1a～34a) of hardstand one side by corresponding remote-control pressure control valve 9 off-loads; suppose the resistance pipeline off-load that wheel 32,33 is pushed down; rolling resistance increases; and wheel 34,46 pressurizes of aircraft opposite side; rolling resistance reduces, and aircraft turns to hardstand with end speed Vt=1.38m/s, abdicates rapidly the runway of dropping zone.Pipe Line in the resistance pad 36 that wheel does not press Bao Te treats work state.
When the carrier-borne aircraft formula of " beating " drops to resistance pad, as this example: front main wheel 32, 46 in advance pad, (corresponding resistance tube code 19a～16a), main wheel 33, 34 also and are not padding, (corresponding resistance tube code 22a～13a), aircraft is likely left by the effect afterbody of what center of gravity when front-wheel is subject to resistance, right offset track, also may roll about and turn over, two pipes of main wheel do not have flow signal input computing machine, this computer-chronograph will send pipe that signal pushes down front main wheel by remote-control pressure control valve 9 off-loads, by the time four wheels simultaneously pad, the flow signal of four pipes is inputted computing machine simultaneously, blackout, aircraft normally falls and stops.
When carrier-borne aircraft is correctly entering warship track under accurate signal system guides, after wheel contact resistance pad 36, but there is a side wheel (for example 32,33) to depart from resistance pad pipe center line (19a, 22a), the part pipeline normal pressure and the flow that depart from are reduced, resistance increases, aircraft meeting auto-steering pressure and the few pipeline of flow, make both sides flow consistent with pressure, the symmetrical main wheel square of wheel line of centers A---B.Aircraft normally falls and stops.
No aircraft taxiing to a predetermined speed, measured radar signals, such as turn right corresponds coding 19a, 22a resistance tube 9 unloading right wheel resistance increases, the body turn to the right; (four-wheel drive which is quite turning, turning radius smaller), but also allows only encoding resistance tube 19a corresponding remote pressure control valve 9 unloading, head to the right, (which is quite drove two turns, turning radius larger)....The irrelevant coding resistance tube place what nature packing state of resistance pad 36 when aircraft turns to.
At each machine, fall and all have guiding person on duty, available hand controls manual operation.
Claims (5)
- Carrier-borne aircraft safety warship and an energy efficient regenerative apparatus, it is characterized in that: comprise resistance pad assembly, squeeze oily assembly, oil return assembly, repairing assembly, oil cycle control assembly and liquid electricity transition components, the oil of extruding through crowded oily assembly from resistance pad assembly is delivered to liquid electricity transition components, the output of liquid electricity transition components is connected with the input of oil return assembly, form an oil circulation, the output of repairing assembly is also connected with oil return assembly, oil cycle control assembly is being controlled the speed of oil circulation, and liquid electricity transition components converts electric energy to oil pressure mechanical energy, and resistance pad assembly comprises fuel tank (8), resistance pad (36), screw (37), emulsion (38), pressing plate (39), spring (40), hanging column (41), roller (42), aircraft carrier deck (43), oil filler pipe (44), resistance pad (36) extrudes by the compound organic gel of carbon fiber is whole, interlayer parallel longitudinal is being arranged straight-through resistance tube (31), and one end of oil filler pipe (44) communicates with resistance tube (31), the quick coupling (4-9) in the other end and oil return assembly, electromagnetic valve (11) connects, one end of pressing plate (39) is connected with spring (40), spring (40) other end is hooked on hanging column (41), hanging column (41) and aircraft carrier deck (43) weld together, roller (42) is located at the bottom of pressing plate (39), and oil return assembly comprises quick coupling (4-9), electromagnetic valve (11), oil return line (35), check valve (30-9), in liquid electricity transition components, the output of variable-displacement oil motor (6) is through oil return line (35), check valve (30-9), electromagnetic valve (11), quick coupling (4-9) is connected with oil filler pipe (44), squeezes oily assembly and comprises oil filter (1), oil pump (2), pressure oil pipe (3), quick coupling (4), hydraulic control one-way valve (5), after the emulsion (38) in resistance tube (31) is extruded by oil pump (2), along pressure oil pipe (3), through quick coupling (4), hydraulic control one-way valve (5) drives the variable-displacement oil motor (6) in liquid electricity transition components, and repairing assembly comprises air accumulator (13), electric contact air-pressure gauge (14), electromagnetic valve (15), air filter (18), electrical motor (19), Air compressor (20), air-pressure tube (25), the pressure that oil filler pipe (44) needs is by air filter (18), Air compressor (20), air-pressure tube (25), electromagnetic valve (15) enters into air accumulator (13), regulate the oil pressure in air accumulator (13), opens solenoid valve (11) while reaching the pressure that computation center sets, through quick coupling (4-9), come back to oil filler pipe (44) intake resistance pipe (31), liquid electricity transition components comprises variable-displacement oil motor (6), electrical generator (7), electric switch (21), load (22), resistance (23), rectifying circuit (24), battery pack (27), capacitor bank (28), the output of variable-displacement oil motor (6) Yi road drives electrical generator (7), hydraulic energy is transformed into mechanical energy, then mechanical energy is transformed into electric energy, through phase line (26, 29) deliver to after rectifying circuit (24) rectifying and wave-filtering, be battery pack (27), capacitor bank (28) charging.
- A kind of carrier-borne aircraft safety according to claim 1 warship and energy efficient regenerative apparatus, it is characterized in that: oily cycle control assembly comprises remote-control pressure control valve (9), time relay (10), flow counter (45-4), remote-control pressure control valve (9), time relay (10), flow counter (45-4) are collected main wheel position pressure and flow information.
- A kind of carrier-borne aircraft safety according to claim 1 warship and energy efficient regenerative apparatus, it is characterized in that: resistance pad (36) is fixed on aircraft carrier deck (43) by screw (37).
- A kind of carrier-borne aircraft safety according to claim 1 warship and energy efficient regenerative apparatus, it is characterized in that: the resistance tube (31) in resistance pad (36) can be arranged by isosceles triangle, forms honeycomb structure.
- A kind of carrier-borne aircraft safety according to claim 1 warship and energy efficient regenerative apparatus, it is characterized in that: on fuel tank (8), be also provided with cooling vessel (16), electric contact thermometer (17).
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110431078.5A CN102514720B (en) | 2011-12-20 | 2011-12-20 | Safe carrier landing and high-efficiency energy recycling device of carrier aircraft |
| PCT/CN2012/071299 WO2013091299A1 (en) | 2011-12-20 | 2012-02-19 | Carrier-based aircraft safe touch-down and high efficiency energy recovery apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110431078.5A CN102514720B (en) | 2011-12-20 | 2011-12-20 | Safe carrier landing and high-efficiency energy recycling device of carrier aircraft |
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| CN102514720A CN102514720A (en) | 2012-06-27 |
| CN102514720B true CN102514720B (en) | 2014-04-09 |
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| CN201110431078.5A Expired - Fee Related CN102514720B (en) | 2011-12-20 | 2011-12-20 | Safe carrier landing and high-efficiency energy recycling device of carrier aircraft |
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| WO (1) | WO2013091299A1 (en) |
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| CN103935341B (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2016-03-16 | 上海海事大学 | A kind of for the urgent arrester in the malfunctioning situation of automobile brake system |
| CN103984850B (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2017-03-08 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | Determination method is transshipped in a kind of aircraft arrestment |
| CN104803005B (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2017-01-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of carrier-borne aircraft auto landing on deck composite control method containing stern air flow compensation |
| CN105083574B (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2017-04-19 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 | Carrier-based aircraft arresting hook collecting and releasing control system |
| CN106339355B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2019-01-11 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of short-term track on-line prediction method of carrier landing |
| CN110271690B (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2023-09-29 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Aerial refueling ground test device for aircraft and use method |
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| CN1146414A (en) * | 1994-09-05 | 1997-04-02 | 朱炎 | Airplane catapult and recovery system |
| CN2592511Y (en) * | 2002-06-24 | 2003-12-17 | 郭宏斌 | Aircraft carrie with extra-high availability factor |
| GB2460132A (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2009-11-25 | Qingchang Zhong | A system and a method for converting the kinetic energy stored in landing aircraft into electricity |
| CA2633510A1 (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2009-12-04 | George A. Henson | Jet air recovery generator |
-
2011
- 2011-12-20 CN CN201110431078.5A patent/CN102514720B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2012
- 2012-02-19 WO PCT/CN2012/071299 patent/WO2013091299A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1146414A (en) * | 1994-09-05 | 1997-04-02 | 朱炎 | Airplane catapult and recovery system |
| CN2592511Y (en) * | 2002-06-24 | 2003-12-17 | 郭宏斌 | Aircraft carrie with extra-high availability factor |
| CA2633510A1 (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2009-12-04 | George A. Henson | Jet air recovery generator |
| GB2460132A (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2009-11-25 | Qingchang Zhong | A system and a method for converting the kinetic energy stored in landing aircraft into electricity |
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| WO2013091299A1 (en) | 2013-06-27 |
| CN102514720A (en) | 2012-06-27 |
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