CN102103137A - Collecting method of atmospheric nitrogen and phosphorus deposits in water network regions and collecting system thereof - Google Patents
Collecting method of atmospheric nitrogen and phosphorus deposits in water network regions and collecting system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102103137A CN102103137A CN2010105926910A CN201010592691A CN102103137A CN 102103137 A CN102103137 A CN 102103137A CN 2010105926910 A CN2010105926910 A CN 2010105926910A CN 201010592691 A CN201010592691 A CN 201010592691A CN 102103137 A CN102103137 A CN 102103137A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a collecting method of atmospheric nitrogen and phosphorus deposits in water network regions and a collecting system thereof. A rainwater sensor controls a sliding board on the top of a box body based on whether the rain falls or not, the sliding board slides to the position above a dry deposition receiver on rainy days, and a wet deposition receiver collects wet deposits; the sliding board slides to the position above the wet deposition receiver on non-rainy days, dry deposits are collected by the dry deposition receiver with the collecting interval collecting dry deposits once per 15 days; every time the substances inside the dry deposit collecting system are collected with deionized water, the volume is recorded and the nitrogen and phosphorus forms of the sample, such as NH4+-N, NO3--N, TP and the like, are detected; and the sample of the wet deposits can be directly detected. The deionized water and bacteriostatic agents are added in advance before the dry deposits are collected by a wet method. The method and the system can simultaneously collect and analyze the atmospheric nitrogen and phosphorus dry deposits of different ecosystems in water fields and agricultural fields in the water network regions, and the result is accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to dense waterway net region atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus sedimentation acquisition method and acquisition system thereof, be used for the original position dynamic acquisition and the monitoring of the sedimentation of dense waterway net region atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus, belong to the atmospheric sedimentation technical field.
Background technology
Atmospheric nitrogen, phosphorus sedimentation are meant that mainly nitrogen-containing compound in the air is deposited to earth surface by the form of dry deposition and wet deposition.Atmospheric nitrogen, phosphorus are deposited to the different ecosystems will produce significantly different ecological consequence: (1), can provide the crop usable nutrient elements for farmland ecosystem, but China's nitrogenous fertilizer use amount is significantly higher than world average level, utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is very low, have only and calculated this part atmospheric sedimentation source, could correspondingly make scientific and reasonable fertilization recommendation scheme; (2), for natural ecosystems such as forest, meadows, excessive nitrogen deposition has then aggravated soil acidification, causes the change of bio-diversity; (3), then aggravated body eutrophication for face of land aquatic ecosystem, pollute the ill effect of water resource environment, and the basic reason of body eutrophication to be nitrogen, phosphorus nutrition salinity exceed standard, yet in body eutrophication research, carry out the research of atmospheric nitrogen, phosphorus sedimentation seldom simultaneously.In recent years, because fossil fuel and modern agriculture discharge a large amount of active nitrogens in atmosphere, the settling amount sharp increase (Reay, 2008) of nitrogen.For example, the wet deposition amount of TAI HU AREA is 27kg N ha
-1Yr
-1(Xie et al., 2008); The average mixing settling amount (comprising the part dry deposition) of agricultural district, Beijing nitrogen also is 27 kg N ha
-1Yr
-1(Zhang et al., 2008).
Research to the atmospheric nitrogen sedimentation at present focuses mostly in the atmospheric moisture sedimentation, compares with the atmospheric nitrogen sedimentation, and the sedimentation of atmosphere phosphorus is studied seldom.Wherein different dry deposition research methods can obtain different measurement results, at dense waterway net region waters and the top two big typical underlying surfaces that are being interspersed, are difficult to correctly assess with single method the atmospheric sedimentation result of this area.Existing research method is not distinguished the influence (Yang Longyuan etc., 2007) of different underlying surface to atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dry deposition, and does not have to be applied to have simultaneously the dry deposition research method of the dense waterway net region of two kinds of typical underlying surfaces.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of dense waterway net region atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus sedimentation acquisition method and acquisition system thereof, can be in the dense waterway net region original position dynamic acquisition and the monitoring of comparative study waters and farmland different ecological system atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dry deposition simultaneously, thus atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dry deposition in the different ecological system correctly assessed.
Dense waterway net region atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dry deposition acquisition system, comprise: casing, be arranged on the rainwater inductor of casing side, rain gage, display and the slide plate that is arranged on the casing top, slide plate is controlled by the rainwater inductor, it is characterized in that in casing, being set up in parallel dry deposition receiver and wet deposition receiver, wherein the dry deposition receiver is made up of dry deposition wet method receiver and dry deposition dry method receiver, and dry deposition wet method receiver and dry deposition dry method receiver are made up of the particle collector that two or more are arranged side by side respectively, and the wet deposition receiver is connected to the gatherer of bottom by connecting pipe.
Aforementioned dense waterway net region atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dry deposition acquisition method is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1), sedimentation collection: whether the rainwater inductor controls the slide plate at casing top according to rainfall, above the dry deposition receiver, receives wet deposition by the wet deposition receiver in the rainy day slide plate slides, and by connecting pipe wet deposition is delivered to gatherer; Above the wet deposition receiver, collect dry deposition in non-rainy day slide plate slides by the dry deposition receiver;
(2), the mensuration of sample: with the 50-100ml deionized water all substances in the dry deposition collection system are collected at every turn, write down volume of water sample, finish sample NH in 1 month afterwards at the cryopreservation below-20 ℃
4 +-N, NO
3 --N, TP Determination on content; The sample that the wet deposition gatherer is collected can directly shift to be preserved or directly detects.
Aforementioned dense waterway net region atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dry deposition acquisition method is characterized in that every 1 dry deposition of collection in 15 days.
Aforementioned dense waterway net region atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dry deposition acquisition method, it is characterized in that before gathering sedimentation, carrying out pre-service, add deionized water in advance at dry deposition wet method receiver and keep being bottom the particle collector in the collection period moisture state, add bacteriostatic agent simultaneously, described bacteriostatic agent is copper-bath or ethylene glycol solution, glycerine solution etc.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: the present invention can gather simultaneously, comparative analysis dense waterway net region waters and farmland different ecological system atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dry deposition or can observe on land acquisition system is installed on the site, reach the actual effect of the contiguous waters of dynamic studies atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dry deposition, avoided not adding in the prior art the caused test error of differentiation different underlying surface; Reduced the difficulty of acquisition system in installation of waters face and dynamic monitoring, the result is accurate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of dense waterway net region atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dry deposition acquisition system of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below will specify technical scheme of the present invention with embodiment.
The installation of acquisition system: at (the 32 ° of 02 ' N of Agricultural University Of Nanjing, 118 ° of 50 ' E) buildings top is provided with observation station, carried out the comparative studies that wet method is collected dry deposition (DW), dry method collection dry deposition (DD) in 2009.3 to 2010.3 months, simulate dry deposition respectively to aquatic ecosystem and terrestrial ecosystems, collect wet deposition (W) simultaneously.
Dense waterway net region atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dry deposition acquisition system, comprise: casing, be arranged on the rainwater inductor 6 of casing side, rain gage 7 and the slide plate 5 that is arranged on the casing top, the glide direction of slide plate 5 is by 6 controls of rainwater inductor, under the casing inner slider, be set up in parallel dry deposition receiver and wet deposition receiver 1, wherein the dry deposition receiver is made up of dry deposition wet method gatherer 2 and dry deposition dry method gatherer 3, and dry deposition wet method gatherer and dry deposition dry method gatherer are made up of the particle collector that two or more are arranged side by side respectively, and the wet deposition receiver is connected to the gatherer 4 of bottom by connecting pipe.Display is used to show the rainfall amount and the beginning and ending time of each wet deposition.
The dynamic acquisition of acquisition system: the slide cover of this acquisition system is controlled automatically by the rainwater inductor, and cover plate slides to the dry deposition receiver during rainfall, only collects wet deposition, and slide plate slides to the wet deposition receiver during not rainfall, only collects dry deposition.The wet deposition that the wet deposition receiver receives is delivered in the wet deposition gatherer from connecting pipe, in rainy weather, fixed point 9 of the every mornings of water sampling monitoring in the wet deposition gatherer, collected 1 dry deposition in per 15 days, and 4 particle collectors are collected simultaneously, wherein two are used to study wet method collection dry deposition, and two are used to study dry method collection dry deposition in addition, are convenient to carry out dynamic contrast.Wherein wet method collection dry deposition system need add the 1L deionized water in advance, guarantees to keep moistening in the cycle of monitoring dry deposition inner pressurd vessel bottom, and the copper-bath 1ml that adds bacteriostatic agent 2mol/L simultaneously is to prevent bacterium and algal grown.
The assay determination of collected specimens: the time standby 50-100ml deionized water of each sampling shifts all substances in 4 dry deposition collection systems and detects, and preserves in-20 ℃ refrigerator after the record volume of water sample, finishes NH in 1 month
4 +-N, NO
3 -Nitrogen such as-N, TP phosphorus somatometry of physique.All collection systems are cleaned with deionized water and are dried behind each transfer sample, and perhaps the clean collection system of drying of replacing is replaced and continued collection, keeps whole recording geometry to collect atmospheric sedimentation continuously.
NH
4 +-N, NO
3 --N and TP adopt ultraviolet spectrophotometer U-2900 to measure content.NO
3 -Can 220 and the 275nm dual wavelength under directly measure; NH
4 +Under the 625nm wavelength, measure after the blue colorimetric of-N process indophenols; TP measures under the 660nm wavelength after adopting potassium persulfate oxidation-molybdenum blue colorimetric.Obtain the settling amount of every two weeks according to each concentration of component and corresponding volume of water sample, over-and-over addition can obtain annual atmospheric nitrogen, the dry deposition amount (table 1) of phosphorus again.
By relatively wet method is collected dry deposition (DW), dry method is collected dry deposition (DD) and wet deposition (W) settling amount (table 2), difference reaches the level of signifiance between the different collection methods of dry deposition, wet method is collected dry deposition nitrogen, the phosphorus amount is significantly higher than dry method and collects dry deposition, and wet method is collected the NH of dry deposition
4 +-N amount the utmost point is significantly higher than the dry method collection system, and difference is up to 3 times.
Table 1 shows dry deposition amount (the kg ha of in March, 2009 to 2010 year area, Nanjing in March nitrogen, phosphorus
-1Year
-1)
Composition | Type | Minimum value | Maximal value | Mean value | Intermediate value | The dry deposition total amount | Standard error |
NH 4 +-N | DW | 0.120 | 4.484 | 0.666 | 0.273 | 7.996 | 1.215 |
? | DD | 0.033 | 1.067 | 0.194 | 0.102 | 2.325 | 0.286 |
NO 3 --N | DW | 0.155 | 2.154 | 0.542 | 0.377 | 6.502 | 0.561 |
? | DD | 0.106 | 1.445 | 0.417 | 0.287 | 5.008 | 0.395 |
TP-P | DW | 0.009 | 0.422 | 0.162 | 0.103 | 1.942 | 0.157 |
? | DD | 0.004 | 0.196 | 0.033 | 0.014 | 0.399 | 0.056 |
Table 2 wet method is collected the comparison of dry deposition (DW), dry method collection dry deposition (DD) and wet deposition (W) settling amount
Composition | Item compared | Ratio | Related coefficient | The p-value |
NH 4 +-N | DD/DW | 0.293 | 0.9753 | <0.0001 |
? | DD/W | 0.242 | 0.4112 | 0.209 |
? | DW/W | 0.827 | 0.4294 | 0.1875 |
NO 3 --N | DD/DW | 0.768 | 0.8113 | 0.0024 |
? | DD/W | 0.537 | 0.0795 | 0.8163 |
? | DW/W | 0.700 | 0.3221 | 0.3341 |
TP-P | DD/DW | 0.209 | 0.6731 | 0.0232 |
? | DD/W | 0.482 | 0.8854 | 0.0007 |
? | DW/W | 2.308 | 0.5105 | 0.1316 |
Above-mentioned embodiment does not limit technical scheme of the present invention in any form, and the technical scheme that mode obtained that every employing is equal to replacement or equivalent transformation all drops on protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. dense waterway net region atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dry deposition acquisition system, comprise: casing, be arranged on the rainwater inductor of casing side, rain gage, display and the slide plate that is arranged on the casing top, slide plate is controlled by the rainwater inductor, it is characterized in that in casing, being set up in parallel dry deposition receiver and wet deposition receiver, wherein the dry deposition receiver is made up of dry deposition wet method receiver and dry deposition dry method receiver, and dry deposition wet method receiver and dry deposition dry method receiver are made up of the particle collector that two or more are arranged side by side respectively, and the wet deposition receiver is connected to the gatherer of bottom by connecting pipe.
2. based on the described dense waterway net region atmospheric nitrogen of claim 1 phosphorus dry deposition acquisition method, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: (1), sedimentation collection: whether the rainwater inductor controls the slide plate at casing top according to rainfall, in the rainy day slide plate slides above the dry deposition receiver, receive wet deposition by the wet deposition receiver, and wet deposition is delivered to gatherer by connecting pipe; Above the wet deposition receiver, collect dry deposition in non-rainy day slide plate slides by the dry deposition receiver;
(2), the mensuration of sample: with the 50-100ml deionized water all substances in the dry deposition collection system are collected at every turn, write down volume of water sample, finish sample NH in 1 month afterwards at the cryopreservation below-20 ℃
4 +-N, NO
3 --N, TP Determination on content; The sample that the wet deposition gatherer is collected can directly shift to be preserved or directly detects.
3. dense waterway net region atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dry deposition acquisition method according to claim 2 is characterized in that collecting 1 dry deposition every 15 days, and carries out reception of wet method dry deposition and the reception of dry method dry deposition simultaneously.
4. dense waterway net region atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dry deposition acquisition method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that before gathering sedimentation, carrying out pre-service, in dry deposition wet method receiver, add deionized water in advance and keep being moisture state in the collection period bottom the particle collector, add bacteriostatic agent simultaneously.
5. dense waterway net region atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dry deposition acquisition method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that for described bacteriostatic agent be the copper-bath of 2mol/L or ethylene glycol, glycerine.
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Cited By (7)
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN102721577A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-10-10 | 北京师范大学 | Multi-functional and automatic atmospheric dry-and-wet deposition sampler |
CN104165782A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-11-26 | 上海应用技术学院 | Atmospheric dry deposition nitrogen sample collector on water |
CN104677693A (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-06-03 | 北京林业大学 | Wet deposition flux collecting device and detection method for atmospheric particulates on plant |
CN109443858A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2019-03-08 | 中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所 | A kind of dried wet deposition sampling apparatus |
CN109596378A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-04-09 | 四川农业大学 | One kind being used for plain in west of Sichuan Agro-ecological System atmospheric sedimentation monitoring point method for arranging |
CN111521452A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-11 | 陕西理工大学 | Atmospheric nitrogen settlement sample collection and detection method |
CN111678741A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-18 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | Intelligent collection and online analysis system for atmospheric nitrogen settlement based on underlying surface substitution |
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Cited By (8)
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CN102721577A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-10-10 | 北京师范大学 | Multi-functional and automatic atmospheric dry-and-wet deposition sampler |
CN102721577B (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2014-03-26 | 北京师范大学 | Multi-functional and automatic atmospheric dry-and-wet deposition sampler |
CN104165782A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-11-26 | 上海应用技术学院 | Atmospheric dry deposition nitrogen sample collector on water |
CN104677693A (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-06-03 | 北京林业大学 | Wet deposition flux collecting device and detection method for atmospheric particulates on plant |
CN109596378A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-04-09 | 四川农业大学 | One kind being used for plain in west of Sichuan Agro-ecological System atmospheric sedimentation monitoring point method for arranging |
CN109443858A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2019-03-08 | 中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所 | A kind of dried wet deposition sampling apparatus |
CN111521452A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-11 | 陕西理工大学 | Atmospheric nitrogen settlement sample collection and detection method |
CN111678741A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-18 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | Intelligent collection and online analysis system for atmospheric nitrogen settlement based on underlying surface substitution |
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