CN102101205B - Electrochemical processing device, processing method and electrode unit thereof - Google Patents
Electrochemical processing device, processing method and electrode unit thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102101205B CN102101205B CN 200910261341 CN200910261341A CN102101205B CN 102101205 B CN102101205 B CN 102101205B CN 200910261341 CN200910261341 CN 200910261341 CN 200910261341 A CN200910261341 A CN 200910261341A CN 102101205 B CN102101205 B CN 102101205B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electrochemical processing device, a processing method and an electrode unit thereof, and the electrochemical processing device comprises an electrode, a magnetic conduction layer, a plurality of magnetic bodies and a magnetic control unit for processing at least one workpiece, wherein the workpiece and the electrode are respectively positioned in electrolyte, the magnetic conduction layer forms the partial surface outside the electrode, the magnetic bodies are added into the electrolyte, the magnetic bodies are non-conductive, and the magnetic control unit is coupled with the magnetic conduction layer and is used for controlling the magnetic conduction layer to adsorb the magnetic bodies, thereby enabling the magnetic bodies to form an insulator to be covered on the magnetic conduction layer. As the magnetic conduction layer is controlled to adsorb the magnetic bodies, the thickness of the magnetic bodies, which are adsorbed on the electrode can be controlled, namely the thickness of the insulator can be controlled, the processing precision can be further improved, and the processing cost can be saved.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of processing unit (plant) and method, refer in particular to a kind of electrochemical machining apparatus and processing method.
Background technology
Electrochemistry (electrochemistry) is a science that relates to electronics and chemical reaction correlation, and various character and the behavior of electronics until in the last hundred years, just understand gradually.Though make electrochemistry more ancient than other science, development comparatively postpones.Yet, in environmental consciousness surging today, the science that electrochemistry has become " emerging " and extremely expected.Generally speaking, electrochemistry (electrochemistry) refers to the technology of the chemical phenomenon relevant with electricity, and the relation between discussion chemical reaction and electric charge transfer, and utilize the current potential of power supply and adjust the surface electronic energy of electrode, make electro-active species (electroactivespecies) and electrode generation electronics shift.
Based on this principle, develop now electrochemistry processing (electro chemicalmachining), it is different from traditional diamond-making technique, is to process utmost point hard material or the unmanageable material of traditional diamond-making technique or processing object, and method for electrochemical machining is called again Electrolyzed Processing.Yet its restrictive condition is that processing object must be able to conduct electricity.Use electrochemistry to add man-hour, electrode is that negative electrode is used for as cutter, and processing object is anode, and namely electrode and processing object couple respectively the negative electrode and positive electrode of power supply.The high electric current of power supply from processing object through electrolyte to electrode, so can process processing object, and remove the part that processing object is not wanted, electrochemistry processing does not contact with processing object in the process of processing, there is no the generation of electric spark, so quite safe yet.
As shown in the above description, electrode is for as process tool and Working position and the degree of depth of controlled working object.Generally speaking, if electrode is to be formed with an insulating barrier with respect to locating that workpiece does not need to process, process to avoid the electrode pair workpiece not need to process part.But, the thickness of insulating barrier, it is the machining accuracy that can affect electrode, so if it is improper to be formed at the THICKNESS CONTROL of insulating barrier of electrode, the processing dimension that workpiece can occur does not meet expection, so must abandon original electrode, and more renew electrode and adjust the thickness that insulating barrier is formed at new electrode, the thickness of so repeatedly adjusting insulating barrier namely can improve processing cost, and wayward machining accuracy.Therefore, how improving machining accuracy and save processing cost, is the important topic for electrochemistry processing now.
Therefore, the present invention namely proposing a kind of electrochemical machining apparatus and processing method and electrode unit thereof for the problems referred to above, not only can improve above-mentioned prior art shortcoming, can improve again machining accuracy and save processing cost, to address the above problem.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention, be to provide a kind of electrochemical machining apparatus and processing method and electrode unit thereof, it is by the magnetic force of controlling the magnetic in magnetic layer absorption electrolyte, can control the thickness that magnetic is adsorbed in electrode, and the insulation thickness of control electrode so can improve machining accuracy and save processing cost.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of electrochemical machining apparatus, should
Electrochemical machining apparatus is in order to process at least one workpiece, and this electrochemical machining apparatus includes:
One cell body has an electrolyte, and wherein this workpiece is arranged in this electrolyte;
One electrode is arranged in this electrolyte;
One magnetic layer, the part that is formed at this electrode is surperficial;
A plurality of magnetics are arranged in this electrolyte, and those magnetics are non-conductive;
One Magnetic Control unit couples this magnetic layer, and controls this magnetic layer and adsorb those magnetics, and so so that those magnetics form insulators, this insulator covers this magnetic layer; And
One power subsystem, its two poles of the earth couple respectively this workpiece and this electrode.
In the present invention, wherein this magnetic layer is covered in the lateral surface of this electrode or the lower surface of this electrode.
In the present invention, wherein this magnetic layer is that nickel material or iron material are made.
In the present invention, wherein each this magnetic more comprises:
One metallic object; And
One insulating barrier is covered in the outer surface of this metallic object.
In the present invention, wherein this metallic object is a nickel bead or a steel ball.
In the present invention, wherein this insulating barrier is a pottery, a resin or plastics.
In the present invention, wherein this Magnetic Control unit is a magnet or an electromagnet.
In the present invention, wherein this magnetic layer comprises one first pattern, and this insulator comprises one second pattern and is same as substantially this first pattern, and this workpiece comprises one the 3rd pattern corresponding to this second pattern.
The invention also discloses a kind of method for electrochemical machining, it includes the following step:
One cell body is provided, has an electrolyte;
With at least one work piece configuration in this electrolyte;
One electrode and a magnetic layer are provided, and wherein this magnetic layer is formed at the part surface of this electrode, and this electrode is arranged in this electrolyte;
Add a plurality of magnetics in this electrolyte, and those magnetics are non-conductive;
Control this magnetic layer and adsorb those magnetics, so so that those magnetics form an insulator, this insulator covers this magnetic layer; And
Couple respectively the two poles of the earth of a power subsystem in this workpiece and this electrode.
The invention also discloses a kind of electrode unit for electrochemistry processing, it includes:
One electrode;
One magnetic layer, the part that is formed at this electrode is surperficial;
A plurality of magnetics, those magnetics are non-conductive; And
One Magnetic Control unit couples this magnetic layer, and controls this magnetic layer and adsorb those magnetics, and so so that those magnetics form insulators, this insulator covers this magnetic layer.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has, electrochemical machining apparatus of the present invention and processing method and electrode unit thereof, it comprises an electrode, a magnetic layer, plural magnetic and a Magnetic Control unit, and in order to process at least one workpiece, workpiece and electrode lay respectively in an electrolyte, magnetic layer is formed at the part surface of electrode, those magnetics are incorporated in electrolyte, and those magnetics are non-conductive material, the Magnetic Control unit couples magnetic layer, the number that adsorbs those magnetics to control magnetic layer, the insulation thickness of namely adjusting electrode like this.In addition, the present invention more comprises a power subsystem, and its two poles of the earth are coupled workpiece and electrode respectively.The number that can simple and easy control be adsorbed in those magnetics of electrode due to the present invention, and the insulation thickness of simple and easy control electrode so, can reach and improve machining accuracy and the purpose of saving processing cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of electrochemical machining apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the magnetic of electrochemical machining apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of a preferred embodiment of method for electrochemical machining of the present invention; And
Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 C is the schematic flow sheet that a preferred embodiment of patterning processing is carried out in electrochemistry processing of the present invention.
[figure number simple declaration]
10 cell body 12 workpiece
13 electrolyte 14 electrodes
16 magnetic layer 17 first patterns
19 second pattern 18 magnetics
181 metallic objects
183 insulating barriers
22 Magnetic Control unit
24 power subsystems
The specific embodiment
Further understand and understanding for making architectural feature of the present invention and the effect reached are had, coordinate detailed explanation in order to preferred embodiment and accompanying drawing, be described as follows:
At first, seeing also Fig. 1, is the schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of electrochemical machining apparatus of the present invention.As shown in the figure, electrochemical machining apparatus of the present invention comprises a cell body 10, an electrolyte 13, an electrode 14, a magnetic layer 16, plural magnetic 18, a Magnetic Control unit 22 and a power subsystem 24.Wherein, the electrode unit that is used for as electrochemistry processing of electrode 14, magnetic layer 16, those magnetics 18 and Magnetic Control unit 22.Electrolyte 13 is placed in cell body 10, and more is placed with the workpiece 12 of wanting to process in cell body 10, and electrode 14 all is dipped in electrolyte 13 with workpiece 12.Magnetic layer 16 is formed at the part surface of electrode 14, for example outer surface.Magnetic 18 is for non-conductive and be arranged in electrolyte 13, and magnetic layer 16 absorption with the surface of power pole 14 so so that those magnetics 18 form insulators, and cover magnetic layer 16, with the insulator as electrode 14.One preferred embodiment of magnetic 18 of the present invention is microgranular body.Above-mentioned magnetic layer 16 is all surface of coated electrode 14 not, and namely the part surface of electrode 14 exposes and is contacted with electrolyte 13.Magnetic layer 16 can be covered in lateral surface or the lower surface of electrode 14.
In this embodiment, magnetic layer 16 is covered in the lateral surface of electrode 14, and the lower surface of electrode 14 exposes and is contacted with electrolyte 13, so that workpiece 12 is vertically processed.Magnetic Control unit 22 can be a magnet or can be an electromagnet, to be coupled to magnetic layer 16, it is used for controlling the magnetic 18 of magnetic layer 16 absorption electrolyte 13, and is adsorbed in electrode 14 as insulator, perhaps discharge magnetic 18, to operate optionally electrochemistry processing.In addition, the magnetic of Magnetic Control unit 22 more controlled magnetic layers 16 processed size, and then control the quantity number that magnetic 18 in electrolyte 13 is adsorbed in magnetic layer 16, with the insulation thickness of control electrode 14.
Accept above-mentionedly, the two poles of the earth of power subsystem 24 are respectively coupled to workpiece 12 and electrode 14.As shown in the figure, the anodal coupled workpiece 12 of power subsystem 24, and negative pole couples electrode 14.So, electrode 14 coordinates electrolyte 13 to process workpiece 12, and removes the part that workpiece 12 is not wanted.Due to, the magnetic layer 16 of electrode 14 of the present invention can adsorb the magnetic 18 in electrolyte 13, and is adsorbed in the surface of electrode 14, with the insulator as electrode 14, so can avoid 14 pairs of workpiece 12 of electrode not need to process part and process.In this embodiment, be workpiece 12 not to be carried out side direction processing, so magnetic layer 16 is the lateral surface that are covered in electrode 14, carry out side direction processing to avoid 14 pairs of workpiece of electrode 12.In addition, electrode 14 of the present invention itself has electric conductivity and is low magnetic conduction, copper material for example, and can't adsorb magnetic 18; And magnetic layer 16 can be conduction, and for example magnetic layer 16 can be the nickel material or iron material is made, and is formed at electrode 14 outer surfaces by electroplating process, to form magnetic layer 16.
Electrochemical machining apparatus of the present invention is adding man-hour to workpiece 12, can be at any time according to the machining state of workpiece 12, namely observe at any time the processing dimension of workpiece 12 whether meet expectation, and control the magnetic size of magnetic layers 16 by Magnetic Control unit 22, and then the quantity number of the magnetic 18 in control magnetic layer 16 absorption electrolyte 13, and insulation thickness and the resistance sizes of adjustment electrode 14, with accurate controlled working precision; Perhaps, magnetic 18 can be controlled without being adsorbed in magnetic layer 16, so that carry out the electrochemistry processing of this electrode condition in Magnetic Control unit 22.The setting value of Magnetic Control unit 22 can be set in advance according to process requirements a numerical value, and also can do at any time change in process, with accurate controlled working precision.From the above, the present invention can adjust the insulation thickness of electrode 14 at any time online, and do not need need again make because of the adjustment of insulation thickness the electrode of different-thickness insulator, and therefore can significantly reduce the cost of manufacture of electrode, so can reach the purpose of saving processing cost.
In addition, magnetic layer 16 of the present invention more can have electric conductivity, and the controlled magnetic layer 16 processed of the present invention does not adsorb magnetic 18 in the surface of electrode 14, so can utilize 16 pairs of workpiece 12 of magnetic layer on electrode 14 surfaces to process.In this embodiment, originally electrode 14 adds man-hour, because the magnetic layer 16 of the lateral surface of electrode 14 can absorption magnetics 18, so namely can form insulator in the lateral surface of electrode 14, and only have the lower surface working ability, and do not have a side direction working ability.Yet, if carrying out side direction to workpiece 12, wish adds man-hour, can control magnetic layer 16 and discharge the magnetic 18 that adsorbs, so electrode 14 can have side direction and the lower surface working ability of difference, thereby can promote the working ability of electrode 14 and the scope of its application.In addition, above-mentioned embodiment is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, does not limit to embodiments of the invention and only is aforesaid way.For example, the present invention also can be at interior plurality of workpieces 12 and the electrode 14 of arranging of cell body 10, so that those workpiece 12 are processed.
Seeing also Fig. 2, is the schematic diagram of magnetic 18 of the present invention.As shown in the figure, each magnetic 18 of the present invention more comprises a metallic object 181 and an insulating barrier 183, and the outer surface of insulating barrier 183 covering metal bodies 181 makes magnetic 18 have magnetic conduction and nonconducting characteristic.One preferred embodiment of the metallic object 181 of magnetic 18 of the present invention is a nickel bead or a steel ball, and a preferred embodiment of insulating barrier 183 is a pottery, a resin or plastics, and wherein resin can be an epoxy resin.Above-mentioned metallic object 181 is only one embodiment of the invention with the material of insulating barrier 183, and also unrestricted its kind only can be in this.
Seeing also Fig. 3, is the flow chart of another preferred embodiment of electrochemistry processing of the present invention, and the present invention can be applicable to workpiece 12 is carried out patterning processing, for example wants to form a pattern in the surface of workpiece 12.At first, see also Fig. 4 A, an electrode 14 and a magnetic layer 16 are provided, magnetic layer 16 is formed on the outer surface of electrode 14.Then, see also Fig. 4 B, with magnetic layer 16 patternings, for example utilize mechanical force processing or laser to process to remove part magnetic layer 16, and the surface of bare electrode 14, to form one first pattern 17 that is finishing patterns magnetic layer 16 in magnetic layer 16.
As shown in the step S1 of Fig. 3, the present invention is to provide electrode 14 and patterning magnetic layer 16.In the present embodiment, above-mentioned patterning magnetic layer 16 refers to form patterning magnetic layer 16 in the surface of electrode 14 according to the first pattern 17, namely electrode 14 is not coated with magnetic layer 16 with respect to the surface of the first pattern 17, and electrode 14 all is coated with magnetic layer 16 with respect to the remaining surface of the first pattern 17.That is to say, electrode 14 all is coated with magnetic layer 16 with respect to the surface outside the first pattern 17, only has electrode 14 surfaces with respect to the first pattern 17 be not coated with magnetic layer 16 and expose.In another embodiment, above-mentioned patterning magnetic layer 16 also can form patterning magnetic layer 16 in the surface of electrode 14 according to the first pattern 17, but electrode 14 has magnetic layer 16 with respect to the surface coverage of the first pattern 17, and electrode 14 all is not coated with magnetic layer 16 with respect to the remaining surface of the first pattern 17.That is to say, electrode 14 all is not coated with magnetic layer 16 and exposes with respect to the surface outside the first pattern 17, only has electrode 14 surface coverage with respect to the first pattern 17 that magnetic layer 16 is arranged.
The embodiment that the present invention carries out patterning to magnetic layer 16 as shown in Figure 4 B, is that the outer surface at electrode 14 forms magnetic layer 16, and the outer surface of coated electrode 14.Then, remove part magnetic layer 16 and form the first pattern 17, the magnetic layer 16 that so namely forms patterning and provides the electrode 14 with patterning magnetic layer 16 on electrode 14.Afterwards, as shown in the step S3 and S4 of Fig. 3, add magnetic 18 in electrolyte 13, and electrode 14 is positioned over electrolyte 13, and controls the magnetic force size of magnetic layer 16, and then control the number of magnetic layer 16 absorption magnetics 18, and absorption magnetic 18 is insulator.So in the present embodiment, namely can be as shown in Fig. 4 C, the outer surface of electrode 14 does not adsorb the part of the body 18 that is magnetic, namely form one second pattern 19, therefore be the insulator of finishing patterns, be that the formed insulator of those magnetics 18 has the second pattern 19, and the second pattern 19 is same as the first pattern 17 substantially, and as shown in the step S5 of Fig. 3, can utilize 14 pairs of workpiece of electrode 12 of the insulator (magnetic 18) with patterning to carry out patterning processing, so namely form one the 3rd pattern of corresponding the second pattern 19 on workpiece 12.
From the above, the present invention can be according to the different pattern of wanting to be formed at workpiece 12, and the magnetic layer 16 of formation different pattern is on electrode 14, with the absorption magnetic 18 by the magnetic layer 16 of different pattern, with the insulator that becomes patterning in the outer surface of electrode 14, so namely form the electrode 14 of the insulator (magnetic 18) with patterning, and workpiece 12 is carried out patterning processing.
In sum, the present invention is a kind of electrochemical machining apparatus and processing method and electrode unit thereof, it comprises electrode, magnetic layer, plural magnetic and Magnetic Control unit, workpiece and electrode are dipped in electrolyte, electrode is used for workpiece is processed, and magnetic layer is formed at the part surface of electrode, and magnetic is incorporated in electrolyte and is non-conductive, the Magnetic Control unit is used for controlling magnetic layer absorption magnetic, and then the insulation thickness of control electrode.Because the controlled magnetic layer processed absorption of the present invention magnetic, thus the insulation thickness of electrode can be adjusted easily, and need not change electrode and adjust insulation thickness, so, the present invention can save the processing cost of electrochemistry processing, and improves its machining accuracy.
In sum, it is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not to limit scope of the invention process, all equalizations of doing according to the described shape of claim scope of the present invention, structure, feature and spirit change and modify, and all should be included in claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. electrochemical machining apparatus, this electrochemical machining apparatus is in order to process at least one workpiece, and this electrochemical machining apparatus includes:
One cell body has an electrolyte, and wherein this workpiece is arranged in this electrolyte;
One electrode is arranged in this electrolyte;
One magnetic layer, the part that is formed at this electrode is surperficial;
A plurality of magnetics are arranged in this electrolyte, and those magnetics are non-conductive;
One Magnetic Control unit couples this magnetic layer, and controls this magnetic layer and adsorb those magnetics, and so so that those magnetics form insulators, this insulator covers should
Magnetic layer; And
One power subsystem, its two poles of the earth couple respectively this workpiece and this electrode.
2. electrochemical machining apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, wherein this magnetic layer is covered in the lateral surface of this electrode or the lower surface of this electrode.
3. electrochemical machining apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, wherein this magnetic layer is that nickel material or iron material are made.
4. electrochemical machining apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, wherein each this magnetic more comprises:
One metallic object; And
One insulating barrier is covered in the outer surface of this metallic object.
5. electrochemical machining apparatus according to claim 4, is characterized in that, wherein this metallic object is a nickel bead or a steel ball.
6. electrochemical machining apparatus according to claim 4, is characterized in that, wherein this insulating barrier is a pottery, a resin or plastics.
7. electrochemical machining apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, it is characterized in that, wherein this Magnetic Control unit is a magnet or an electromagnet.
8. electrochemical machining apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, wherein this magnetic layer comprises one first pattern, and this insulator comprises one second pattern and is same as substantially this first pattern, and this workpiece comprises one the 3rd pattern corresponding to this second pattern.
9. a method for electrochemical machining, is characterized in that, it includes the following step:
One cell body is provided, has an electrolyte;
With at least one work piece configuration in this electrolyte;
One electrode and a magnetic layer are provided, and wherein this magnetic layer is formed at the part surface of this electrode, and this electrode is arranged in this electrolyte;
Add a plurality of magnetics in this electrolyte, and those magnetics are non-conductive;
Control this magnetic layer and adsorb those magnetics, so so that those magnetics form an insulator, this insulator covers this magnetic layer; And
Couple respectively the two poles of the earth of a power subsystem in this workpiece and this electrode.
10. an electrode unit that is used for electrochemistry processing, is characterized in that, it includes:
One electrode;
One magnetic layer, the part that is formed at this electrode is surperficial;
A plurality of magnetics, those magnetics are non-conductive; And
One Magnetic Control unit couples this magnetic layer, and controls this magnetic layer and adsorb those magnetics, and so so that those magnetics form insulators, this insulator covers this magnetic layer.
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| CN103909311B (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2016-12-28 | 财团法人金属工业研究发展中心 | Electrochemical copolymerization magnetic abrasive finishing devices and methods therefor |
| CN104668676B (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2017-05-31 | 通用电气公司 | The instrument that manufacture electrical-chemistry method is manufactured with the method for instrument and with the method |
| CN104690382A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2015-06-10 | 财团法人金属工业研究发展中心 | Electrode structure |
| CN106430796B (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2019-04-16 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of organic wastewater treating system and method for original position absorption-electro-catalysis coupling |
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