CN102093984B - 一种杂合酶P450sca2-BMR及其编码基因与应用 - Google Patents
一种杂合酶P450sca2-BMR及其编码基因与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种杂合酶P450sca2-BMR及其编码基因与应用。该蛋白是如下1)或2)的蛋白质:1)由序列表中序列2所示的氨基酸序列组成的蛋白质;2)将序列表中序列2的氨基酸残基序列经过一个或几个氨基酸残基的取代和/或缺失和/或添加且具有羟基化美伐他汀的催化活性的由1)衍生的蛋白质。本发明的P450sca2-BMR保留了野生型细胞色素P450sca-2的催化活性并且有的12.7%提高,具有催化美伐他汀生产高效降血脂药物普伐他汀的活性,为进一步提高酶活和实现工业酶法生产普伐他汀的应用奠定了基础。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种杂合酶P450sca2-BMR及其编码基因与应用。
背景技术
随着冠心病成为当今社会的主要致命病症之一,研究高效的调血脂药物成为制药工业的一个重要的目标和责任。利用化学法羟基化美伐他汀生产普法他汀在经济上是不可行的,生物法简单易行逐渐发展成普法他汀的主要生产方法。普法他汀的生物法工业生产是两步发酵过程,首先由橘青霉(Penicillium citrinum)发酵生产美伐他汀,由浓碱处理为钠盐形式,再利用微生物转化的方法将美伐他汀钠羟基化生成普法他汀钠。
野生型细胞色素P450sca-2是含有410个氨基酸的蛋白,存在于澳大利亚土样中发现的嗜碳链霉菌Streptomyces Carbophilus中(Matsuoka T,Miyakoshi S.PureCytochrome P-450Enzyme are Obtained from Streptomyces Carbophilus and Used forHydroxylation especially ofMacrolide Antibiotics:Japan,US5179013A.1993-01-12.)。该菌株对美伐他汀具有强羟基化作用并且副产物很少,因而用于普法他汀的生物法工业生产,其中其主要催化作用的是细胞色素P450sca-2。生物法发酵美伐他汀生产普伐他汀的过程具有低效高成本等劣势,因此通过重组表达和改造细胞色素P450sca-2实现酶法生产普伐他汀具有重要的现实意义。
细胞色素P450sca-2催化美伐他汀羟基化生成普伐他汀的过程是典型的细胞色素P450催化小分子有机物单加氧反应的过程。野生型细胞色素P450sca-2催化体系属于双组分细胞色素P450催化体系,需要氧化还原辅酶的协助将来自NAD(P)H的电子传递到细胞色素P450的活性中心。不同于其他双组分细胞色素P450催化体系,细胞色素P450sca-2的催化体系不是结合在膜结合锚点上而是存在于细胞液中。电子在不同蛋白分子间的传递影响了体系的电子传递效率和利用率,也影响了细胞色素P450sca酶的催化活性。因此希望通过构建细胞色素P450sca-2杂合酶实现电子的自给自足,设计出满足酶法生产普伐他汀工业需求的蛋白。
细胞色素P450BM3是人们发现的第一个单组分体系细胞色素P450酶,最早由Fulco等在Bacillus megaterium中获取(Narhi L O,Fulco A J.Phenobarbital Induction of aSoluble Cytochrome P-450-dependent Fatty Acid Monooxygenase in Bacillus megaterium.The Journal ofBiological Chemistry.1982,257(5):2147-2150.)。细胞色素P450BM3电子传递效率高于大部分其它细胞色素P450酶,其结构和空间折叠为酶体系提供了有效的自给自足的电子传递系统,可将NAD(P)H产生的电子100%用于产物生成,催化效率也远高于许多其它酶系统,为研究细胞色素P450单加氧催化体系的电子传递机制和进行杂合酶设计提供了良好的参照。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种具有羟基化美伐他汀的催化活性的蛋白。
本发明提供的蛋白,命名为P450sca2-BMR,是如下1)或2)的蛋白质:
1)由序列表中序列2所示的氨基酸序列组成的蛋白质;
2)将序列表中序列2的氨基酸残基序列经过一个或几个氨基酸残基的取代和/或缺失和/或添加且具有羟基化美伐他汀的催化活性的由1)衍生的蛋白质。
序列表中序列2所示的蛋白有1010个氨基酸残基,第1-410位为P450sca的酶功能域(HEME功能域)、第411-432位为连接肽、第433-1010位为P450BM3的天然氧化还原域。
蛋白P450sca2-BMR的具体示意图如图1所示。
为了使1)中的P450sca2-BMR便于纯化,可在由序列表中序列2所示的氨基酸序列组成的蛋白质的氨基末端或羧基末端连接上如表1所示的标签。
表1.标签的序列
标签 | 残基 | 序列 |
Poly-Arg | 5-6(通常为5个) | RRRRR |
Poly-His | 2-10(通常为6个) | HHHHHH |
FLAG | 8 | DYKDDDDK |
Strep-tag II | 8 | WSHPQFEK |
c-myc | 10 | EQKLISEEDL |
上述2)中的P450sca2-BMR可人工合成,也可先合成其编码基因,再进行生物表达得到。上述2)中的P450sca2-BMR的编码基因可通过将序列表中序列1所示的DNA序列中缺失一个或几个氨基酸残基的密码子,和/或进行一个或几个碱基对的错义突变,和/或在其5′端和/或3′端连上表1所示的标签的编码序列得到。
上述蛋白P450sca2-BMR的编码基因(命名为P450sca2-BMR)也属于本发明的保护范围之内。
进一步,上述蛋白的编码基因为如下1)-3)中任一所述的基因:
1)其编码序列是序列表中序列1;
2)在严格条件下与1)的基因杂交且编码所述蛋白的基因;
3)与1)的基因具有90%以上的同源性且编码所述蛋白的基因。
序列表中的序列1由3033个碱基组成,其开放阅读框架(ORF)为第1-3033位碱基,编码具有序列表中序列2的氨基酸序列的蛋白。其中第1-1230位碱基编码P450sca的酶功能域;第1297-3033位碱基编码P450BM3的天然氧化还原域。
上述严格条件可为用0.1×SSPE(或0.1×SSC),0.1%SDS的溶液,在DNA或者RNA杂交实验中65℃下杂交并洗膜。
含有上述基因(P450sca2-BMR)的重组载体或转基因细胞系也属于本发明的保护范围之内。
进一步讲,上述重组载体为在pET30a(+)载体的多克隆位点间插入权利要求2或3所述基因得到的重组表达载体。
含有上述基因(P450sca2-BMR)的重组菌也属于本发明的保护范围之内。
进一步讲,上述重组菌是含有上述重组载体的重组菌。
具体地讲,上述重组菌是含有上述重组载体的重组大肠杆菌。
上述蛋白(P450sca2-BMR)、上述基因(P450sca2-BMR)、上述的重组菌在催化美伐他汀羟基化生成普伐他汀中的应用也属于本发明的保护范围之内。
上述蛋白(P450sca2-BMR)、上述基因(P450sca2-BMR)、上述的重组菌在制备调血脂药物中的应用也属于本发明的保护范围之内。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下优点:
(1)本发明细胞色素杂合酶P450sca2-BMR表达活性高,可在大肠杆菌细胞内高活性表达,并提高了野生型细胞色素的可溶性;(2)本发明细胞色素杂合酶P450sca2-BMR稳定性好,成功实现了细胞外纯化;(3)本发明细胞色素杂合酶P450sca2-BMR保留了野生型细胞色素P450sca-2的催化活性并且有的12.7%提高;(4)本发明细胞色素杂合酶P450sca2-BMR具有催化美伐他汀生产高效降血脂药物普伐他汀的活性,为进一步提高酶活和实现工业酶法生产普伐他汀的应用奠定了基础。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的细胞色素杂合酶蛋白P450sca2-BMR构成示意图;
其中,1为HEME功能域;2为连接肽段,包含P450BM3上449-470位的22个氨基酸残基;3为还原域,包含P450BM3上471-1048位的氨基酸残基。
图2为细胞色素P450sca2-BMR催化美伐他汀羟基化生成普伐他汀的反应式。
图3为细胞色素杂合酶P450sca2-BMR催化美伐他汀生成普法他汀的机理示意图;
其中,M为美伐他汀,P为普法他汀。
图4为细胞色素杂合酶P450sca2-BMR在大肠杆菌E.coli BL 21(DE3)中的表达结果;
其中,S代表不可溶蛋白,P代表不可溶蛋白。1为阴性对照空白实验,2为野生型细胞色素P450sca-2表达结果,3为野生型细胞色素P450sca-2与细胞色素P450BM3的还原域直接相连不含连接肽段的细胞色素P450sca-2杂合酶表达结果,4为本发明提供的细胞色素杂合酶P450sca2-BMR表达结果;
图5为本发明提供的细胞色素杂合酶P450sca2-BMR的SDS凝胶电泳检验纯化结果;其中,1为细胞色素杂合酶P450sca2-BMR表达粗提液的穿透峰组分,0.02mM IPTG诱导;2为本发明提供的细胞色素P450sca-2杂合酶纯酶,0.02mM IPTG诱导;3为蛋白Marker。
图6为HPLC检测细胞色素杂合酶P450sca2-BMR全细胞催化美伐他汀钠生成普伐他汀钠色谱图;其中,1为空载体pET30a的阴性空白实验;2为野生型细胞色素P450sca-2全细胞催化美伐他汀钠生成普伐他汀钠的峰图;3为本发明提供的杂合酶P450sca2-BMR全细胞催化美伐他汀钠生成普伐他汀钠的峰图。
图7为本发明提供的细胞色素P450sca-2杂合酶全细胞催化活性测试结果;
其中,1为阴性对照空白实验;2为野生型细胞色素P450sca-2;3为本发明提供的细胞色素杂合酶P450sca2-BMR。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明,但本发明并不限于以下实施例。
下述实施例中,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。
生物材料的获得:
重组质粒pET30a-P450sca2:制备序列表中序列1的第1-1230位的DNA片段,将该DNA片段插入pET30a(+)的XbaI和Xho I位点间,构成重组质粒pET30a-P450sca2。
重组质粒pET28a-BM3:制备序列表中序列1的第1231-3033位的DNA片段,将该DNA片段插入pET28a(+)的XbaI和XhoI位点间,构成重组质粒pET28a-BM3。
实施例1、杂合酶(P450sca2-BMR)的制备纯化
一、杂合酶编码基因的获得
以重组质粒pET30a-P450sca2为模板,利用引物P450scaGFPF(5’-ACAATTCCCCTCTAGAAATAATTTTGTTTAACTTTAAGAAGG-3’,XbaI)和引物hyE f1-rev(5’-CCAAGCGGAATTT TTTTCGATTT -3’)扩增P450sca2基因。
以重组质粒pET28a-BM3为模板,利用引物hyE f2-for (5’- AAATCGAAAAAAATTCCGCTTGG -3’)和P450BM3-rev(5’-GATCTCTCGAGTTACCCAGCCCACACGTCTTTT-3’,XhoI)扩增细胞色素P450BM3的连接肽段(449-470aa)和还原酶结构域BMR(471-1,048aa)。
二、重组表达载体pET30a-P450sca2-BMR的构建
以上述扩增的P450sca2基因和BMR基因为模板,利用引物P450scaGFPF和P450BM3-rev,通过Overlapping PCR扩增出本发明中的P450sca2-BMR基因(序列见列表1)。利用Xba I和XhoI双酶切,纯化后,与用同样内切酶进行双切的表达载体pET30a(+)过夜连接,随后转入化转感受态细胞BL21(DE3)中,即获得重组表达质粒pET30a-P450sca2-BMR。
经测序,pET30a-P450sca2-BMR结构正确。
三、重组菌的获得
将步骤二获得的pET30a-P450sca2-BMR转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)(Novagen公司),得到重组菌E.coli BL21(DE3)/pET30a-P450sca2-BMR。
然后在含卡那霉素(50μg/mL)的LB平板上划线,37℃过夜培养,再挑取生长良好的的单菌落接种于1mL LB液体培养基(含50μg/mL卡那霉素)中,同时以E.coliBL21(DE3)/pET30a为空白对照,37℃,250rpm过夜培养,以1∶50的接种量进行步骤四的实验。
四、杂合酶的获得
1、杂合酶的表达
以上述1∶50的接种量转接于10mL新鲜的液体LB培养基(含50μg/mL卡那霉素)中,1∶50的继续培养至OD600为0.6~0.8。加入终浓度为1mM的5-氨基酮戊酸(5-aminolevulinic acid,5-ALA,购于百灵威化学技术有限公司)和终浓度为0.5mM的FeCl3(购于北京益利精细化学品有限公司),在23℃,250rpm条件下继续培养20min。
然后加入终浓度为0.02mM的IPTG,在23℃,250rpm条件下培养4h~6h,诱导细胞色素P450sca2-BMR杂合酶的表达。诱导表达结束后,取30ml OD600菌液,于4℃,3,500rpm条件下离心10min,菌体沉淀用1mL细菌裂解缓冲液重悬(100mMTris-HCl,pH 7.5,其中含有20%glycerol v/v,2mM EDTA和1.5mM DTT)。重悬液用超声破碎方法提取可溶蛋白(超声时间4s,间隔时间3s,超声30次),超声前向重悬液中加入终浓度为1mM的苯甲基磺酰氟(phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride,PMSF,Amresco分装),以防止细胞色素P450sca2-BMR杂合酶蛋白被蛋白酶分解。将裂解液13,000rpm条件下离心10min,取上清即为蛋白可溶部分,利用等体积的裂解缓冲液重悬沉淀,再用SDS-PAGE分析蛋白的表达情况(10%丙烯酰胺凝胶)。结果如图4所示,0.02mM IPTG诱导条件下,野生型P450sca-2相比于阴性对照pET30a有明显的可溶表达,但多以包涵体形式存在;本发明提供的杂合酶P450sca2-BMR几乎完全可溶表达,分子量大致均在110kDa左右,与目标蛋白的理论计算值相近,相比野生型P450sca-2的单独表达,本发明的杂合酶P450可溶性因为BMR的融合而大大提高,可知BMR具有一定的增溶作用。
2、杂合酶的纯化
使用安玛西亚(Amersham Biosciences)公司的HitrapTMChelating HP柱,以镍离子作为亲和离子,依靠不同咪唑浓度梯度洗脱目的蛋白。在0.02mM IPTG诱导条件下,表达杂合酶His-P450sca2-BMR。离心后,用buffer A重悬菌体沉淀,并超声99次破碎并再次离心,得到目标蛋白的粗提液。
取出离心后的上清液,用0.22μm低蛋白质结合的滤膜过滤后,上样至已结合Ni2+的HiTrapTM Chelating HP柱(体积1mL),再用30-330mM的咪唑浓度梯度洗脱蛋白。由于P450酶比较容易失活,故实验所有操作都要在4℃进行,并保证预冷所有相关缓冲液。此外,P450酶在420nm都有特定吸收峰,故在纯化过程中,用420nm检测蛋白峰可以有效防止杂蛋白干扰。纯化得到的蛋白保存于20%的甘油中,分装后在-70℃冷冻保存。蛋白纯度由SDS-PAGE(10%丙烯酰胺凝胶)检验,结果如图5所示,纯化时穿透峰组分中几乎没有杂合酶P450sca2-BMR,大部分结合在镍柱上被纯化出来,分子量大致均在110kDa左右,与目标蛋白的理论计算值相近,收集的蛋白纯度大于90%。
实施例2、杂合酶的催化活性检测
将重组菌E.coli BL21(DE3)/pET30a-P450sca2-BMR在0.02mM IPTG诱导下表达4h后,取30ml OD600菌液,于4℃,3,500rpm条件下离心10min,菌体沉淀用1mL细菌裂解缓冲液重悬(100mM Tris-HCl,pH 7.5,20%glycerol v/v,2mM EDTA,1.5mMDTT),加入底物美伐他汀钠(浙江海正药业股份有限公司赠送)(终浓度为0.05mg/mL),随后在30℃下进行美伐他汀钠的羟基化反应(羟基化反应式如图2所示,催化机理示意图如图3所示)。反应结束后,利用HPLC分析转化产物。HPLC图谱如图6所示,野生型P450sca-2和本发明提供的杂合酶P450sca2-BMR在保留时间tR 4.5min处出现普伐他汀钠色谱峰,在保留时间tR 16min处出现美伐他汀钠色谱峰,且杂合酶P450sca2-BMR的普伐他汀钠产物峰略高于野生型P450sca-2。
转化产物普伐他汀钠色谱峰的面积如图7所示,其中本发明提供的杂合酶P450sca2-BMR通过全细胞转化,催化美伐他汀钠生成普伐他汀钠的量比野生型细胞色素P450sca-2提高约12.7%,说明P450sca2-BMR在提高可溶性的基础上,保留了野生型细胞色素P450sca-2的催化活性并有约12.7%的提高。
Claims (10)
1.一种蛋白,是由序列表中序列2所示的氨基酸序列组成的蛋白质。
2.权利要求1所述蛋白的编码基因。
3.根据权利要求2所述的编码基因,其特征在于:所述蛋白的编码基因的核苷酸序列是序列表中序列1。
4.含有权利要求2或3所述基因的重组载体或转基因细胞系。
5.根据权利要求4所述的重组载体,其特征在于:所述重组载体为在pET30a(+)载体的多克隆位点间插入权利要求2或3所述基因得到的重组表达载体。
6.含有权利要求2或3所述基因的重组菌。
7.根据权利要求6所述的重组菌,其特征在于:所述重组菌是含有权利要求4或5所述重组载体的重组菌。
8.根据权利要求7所述的重组菌,其特征在于:所述重组菌是含有权利要求4或5所述重组载体的重组大肠杆菌。
9.权利要求1所述蛋白、权利要求2或3所述基因、权利要求6-8中任一所述的重组菌在催化美伐他汀羟基化生成普伐他汀中的应用。
10.权利要求1所述蛋白、权利要求2或3所述基因、权利要求6-8中任一所述的重组菌在制备调血脂药物中的应用。
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