CN102090321A

CN102090321A - Hybridization breeding method for fixing rice heterosis

Info

Publication number: CN102090321A
Application number: CN201010555635XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴国华; 吴伏苟
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-11-23
Filing date: 2010-11-23
Publication date: 2011-06-15

Abstract

The invention discloses a hybridization breeding method for fixing rice heterosis, comprising the following steps of: selecting a female parent of a rice variety; carrying out castration processing on the female parent; hybridizing the female parent with a male parent; cultivating the hybridized female parent to ensure that the axillary bud germinates, grows, flowers and selfing seeds; and obtaining selfing seeds at the axillary bud. As the selfing seeds obtained after the axillary bud flowers are adopted, the heterosis same as that of the hybridization seeds is provided; and as the selfing seeds have the advantage that hybrid progeny is not easy to separate, the technical effect of fixing the rice heterosis is provided.

Description

A kind of cross breeding method of fixedly rice heterosis

Technical field

The present invention relates to crops crossbreeding field, especially referred to breeding of hybridized rice.

Background technology

Hybrid vigour is the biosphere universal phenomenon, utilizes hybrid vigour to improve crop yield and quality is one of Main Achievements of modern agriculture science, this wherein, especially hybrid rice has obtained very big popularization and research, and closely bound up with people's life.

As a rule, hybrid rice (hybrid rice) generally is meant selects for use two certain difference is arranged in heredity, and simultaneously their merit again can complementary rice varieties, hybridize, production has heterotic first generation crossbreed, is used for producing, Here it is hybrid rice.

Paddy rice has tangible hybrid vigour phenomenon, shows that mainly growth is vigorous, well developed root system, and big panicle many grains per panicle, aspects such as strong stress resistance, therefore, utilize the hybrid vigour of paddy rice is the hope that breeding man is dreamed of to increase substantially rice yield always.

But, paddy rice belongs to self-pollinated plant, female stamen is all given birth in same grain husk flower, because the grain husk flower is very little, and every flower is only tied a seed, therefore be difficult to produce assorted mutation of a large amount of first generation, so the hybrid vigour of paddy rice fails to be applied for a long time with the method for artificial emasculation hybridization.

Traditional crossbreeding all keeps away unavoidable hybrid generation's separation, particularly distant hybridization breeding, and hybrid generation's separation is more mad.

This be because, the longer paddy of hybrid seed is because its proterties instability doing seed bad, originally parent's proterties may meet planting requirement very much, but the filial generation shape will produce inferior strain after separating, because proterties is gathered the optimum trait that isozygotys together by hybridizing us by genotype and expression power decision, but be used for agricultural production, to take out heterozygote through the inbreeding of more generation screening, keep stable character.

Summary of the invention

The offspring who the present invention is directed to existing hybrid seed separates the comparison important disadvantages, and a kind of cross breeding method of fixedly rice heterosis is provided, the hybrid rice of using this method to cultivate, and its hybrid vigor fixing effect is best, has extraordinary technique effect.

The present invention realizes that the employed technical scheme of above-mentioned technical purpose is as following description:

A kind of cross breeding method of fixedly rice heterosis comprises the following steps:

(1) chooses the rice varieties parent; (2) above-mentioned parent is castrated processing; (3) with above-mentioned parent and paternal hybrid; (4) parent of cultivating after hybridizing makes the axillary bud sprouting growth; (5) above-mentioned axillalry bud is bloomed and self-fertility; (5) obtain the selfed seed at above-mentioned axillalry bud place.

Further, preferable methods is that described axillalry bud is the axillalry bud of two leaf positions of paddy rice parent.

Further, preferable methods is that described rice varieties parent is the kind of isozygotying.

The present invention taked the beneficial effect that technique scheme had such as below description:

The first, because what take is selfed seed after axillalry bud is bloomed, have hybrid vigour equally with hybrid seed;

The second, because above-mentioned selfed seed has the hybrid generation and do not allow segregative advantage, therefore, it has the fixedly technique effect of rice heterosis.

Description of drawings

By coming that below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is carried out further detailed description, above-mentioned advantage of the present invention and technique effect will become more obvious.

Fig. 1 is the fixedly flow chart of the cross breeding method of rice heterosis of the present invention.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in detail.

At present, people generally believe that only there is the first generation of hybrid in the hybrid vigour of crossbreeding, and do not know after the crops hybridization, the lateral bud that sprout on the hybrid seed next door, and through cultivating the second bloom self-fertility, its seed has hybrid vigour equally.

The inventor found above-mentioned principle, and the inventor utilizes this discovery, and then has invented the fixedly method of rice heterosis through long-term practice.

It is mainly the following step: S101, choose the rice varieties parent; S102, above-mentioned parent castrated handle; S103, with above-mentioned parent and paternal hybrid; S104, the parent of cultivating after hybridizing make the axillary bud sprouting growth; S105, above-mentioned axillalry bud is bloomed and self-fertility; S106, obtain the selfed seed at above-mentioned axillalry bud place.

And in step S101, the rice varieties parent is the kind of isozygotying.

In step S104, the axillalry bud of choosing is the axillalry bud of two leaf positions of paddy rice parent.

Below come above-mentioned principle and method are described with a preferred embodiment.

At first, we choose a kind of good rice varieties of isozygotying and make parent;

Then, we castrate its whole fringe and paternal hybrid;

After fertilization is solid, impose an amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, be beneficial to the axillary bud sprouting growth;

Usually, our axillalry bud chosen is that the paddy rice parent falls the axillalry bud of two leaf positions;

Utilize the solid characteristic of second bloom of paddy rice axillalry bud, make its self-fertility.

After the selfed seed maturation, the selfed seed of the two axil buds of gathering down is as the propagating materials in the coming year, and this selfed seed is exactly the new varieties that had hybrid vigour and fixed.

Because first generation of hybrid seed progeny can separate, so be not used for breeding as the object of hybrid vigor fixing.

After being crops exomixis, the lateral bud second bloom self-fertility that sprout on hybrid seed next door, its selfed seed has hybrid vigour, especially paddy rice fall two axil buds, its hybrid vigor fixing is best.

It should be noted that above-mentioned specific embodiment is exemplary, under above-mentioned instruction of the present invention, those skilled in the art can carry out various improvement and distortion on the basis of the foregoing description, and these improvement or distortion drop in protection scope of the present invention.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that top specific descriptions just in order to explain purpose of the present invention, is not to be used for restriction.Protection scope of the present invention is limited by claim and equivalent thereof.

Claims

1. the fixing cross breeding method of rice heterosis comprises the following steps:

2. the cross breeding method of fixedly rice heterosis according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described axillalry bud is the axillalry bud of two leaf positions of paddy rice parent.

3. the cross breeding method of fixedly rice heterosis according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described rice varieties parent is the kind of isozygotying.