CN102083236A - Underground positioning and safety monitoring system on basis of communication network - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种基于通信网络的井下定位与安全监控系统,包括:地面控制中心、多个人员定位终端、多个短信定位终端、多个语音通信定位终端、多个无线定位基站以及基站网关。人员定位终端通过广播频段定时广播信号,基站网关或者无线基站接收到广播信号,获取其内容和信号强度,将这些信息按照协议封装后通过网络传输到地面控制中心定位处理,获取相应的位置信息;同时移动节点采用定时POLL机制接收数据中心的下行指令实现双向数据传输.网络基站根据当前区域内的移动节点存在与否控制照明设备实现节能生产。本发明具有施工简单,可靠性高,定位准确的特点。
The invention provides an underground positioning and safety monitoring system based on a communication network, including: a ground control center, multiple personnel positioning terminals, multiple short message positioning terminals, multiple voice communication positioning terminals, multiple wireless positioning base stations and base station gateways . The personnel positioning terminal regularly broadcasts signals through the broadcast frequency band, the base station gateway or wireless base station receives the broadcast signal, obtains its content and signal strength, encapsulates the information according to the protocol, and transmits it to the ground control center for positioning and processing through the network to obtain the corresponding location information; At the same time, the mobile node adopts the timing POLL mechanism to receive the downlink command from the data center to realize two-way data transmission. The network base station controls the lighting equipment to realize energy-saving production according to the presence or absence of the mobile node in the current area. The invention has the characteristics of simple construction, high reliability and accurate positioning.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及矿井人员定位与安全监控技术领域,特别涉及一种基于无线通信的井下定位与监控管理系统及方法。The invention relates to the technical field of mine personnel positioning and safety monitoring, in particular to an underground positioning and monitoring management system and method based on wireless communication.
背景技术Background technique
煤矿生产的环境和安全监控是煤矿行业生产过程中一个至关重要的问题,此外,生产效率和节能管理也是煤炭企业提高经济效益的关键环节。目前我国煤炭企业也相继采用了管理信息系统、环境监测系统、人员定位管理系统等,但是这些系统一般从单项业务着手,相互分离。人员定位,环境监视、设备控制等方面是井下定位与安全监控系统的关键业务环节,实现这几个环节的基础在于收集传感信息、由通信信道向信息中心传递传感信息、传感信息的分析处理以及最终将信息反馈给控制环节。由于井下工作人员具有移动性,所以一般情况下人员的定位通常采用无线定位方式;而传感器信息收集和上传的过程则既可以采用有线方式实现,也可以采用无线方式实现。Environmental and safety monitoring of coal mine production is a crucial issue in the production process of the coal mine industry. In addition, production efficiency and energy-saving management are also key links for coal enterprises to improve economic benefits. At present, my country's coal enterprises have successively adopted management information systems, environmental monitoring systems, personnel positioning management systems, etc., but these systems generally start from a single business and are separated from each other. Personnel positioning, environmental monitoring, equipment control and other aspects are the key business links of underground positioning and safety monitoring system. Analysis and processing and finally feedback of information to the control link. Due to the mobility of underground workers, the positioning of personnel usually adopts wireless positioning; while the process of collecting and uploading sensor information can be realized by either wired or wireless methods.
最近几年出现了多种采用了不同定位方式的井下人员管理系统,例如崔莉等提出的《一种基于无线传感器网络的井下定位系统、装置及方法》(中国专利,申请号:CN200510071144.7)和施惠昌等提出的《井下煤矿人员实时无线定位方法》(中国专利,申请号:200710171812.2)采用移动节点监听信标的方式;李刚提出的《基于低功耗短程自动路由无线网络的井下定位通信系统》(中国专利,申请号:200510016119.9)采用全无线互联的方式;孙健提出的《一种基于ZIGBEE的无线定位系统》(中国专利,申请号:200720029730.X)采用RS232或者RS485网络和无线ZIGBEE网络结合的方式。In recent years, a variety of underground personnel management systems using different positioning methods have emerged, such as "A Downhole Positioning System, Device and Method Based on Wireless Sensor Networks" proposed by Cui Li et al. (Chinese patent, application number: CN200510071144.7 ) and Shi Huichang et al.'s "Real-time Wireless Positioning Method for Underground Coal Mine Personnel" (Chinese patent, application number: 200710171812.2) adopts the way of mobile nodes monitoring beacons; "(Chinese patent, application number: 200510016119.9) adopts the way of full wireless interconnection; Sun Jian's "A Wireless Positioning System Based on ZIGBEE" (Chinese patent, application number: 200720029730.X) adopts RS232 or RS485 network and wireless ZIGBEE way of networking.
但是在实际应用中,这些定位方式均存在一定的弊端:对于移动节点监听信标方式,其系统通常需要在钮扣电池供电环境下工作数年;对于全无线互联方式,由于煤矿巷道的网络布设属于链状网络,其在网络的可靠性方面和多跳带来的延时方面都不能很好地满足需求;对于RS232或者RS485网络和无线ZIGBEE网络相结合方式,其很难满足对大量井下人员进行实时定位时主干网的流量需求。However, in practical applications, these positioning methods have certain disadvantages: For the mobile node monitoring beacon method, the system usually needs to work for several years under the button battery power supply environment; for the full wireless interconnection method, due to the network layout of coal mine roadways It belongs to the chain network, which cannot meet the requirements well in terms of network reliability and delay caused by multi-hop; for the combination of RS232 or RS485 network and wireless ZIGBEE network, it is difficult to meet the needs of a large number of underground personnel. Traffic requirements of the backbone network for real-time positioning.
在人员定位基础网络的载体上,其他信息的双向传递和依据人员位置信息的控制操作都能够得以实现。目前使用专门的井下安全巡视员或者在井下固定布设传感器和通信网络来检测井下各区域的各种有害气体等情况。但实际上,安全巡视员并不能实时反映所有区域的情况;固定的传感器检测点也难以随着工程的进展而全面覆盖所有角落。On the carrier of the personnel positioning basic network, the two-way transmission of other information and the control operation based on the personnel location information can be realized. At present, special underground safety inspectors are used or sensors and communication networks are fixedly deployed underground to detect various harmful gases in various areas of the underground. But in fact, security inspectors cannot reflect the situation in all areas in real time; it is also difficult for fixed sensor detection points to fully cover all corners as the project progresses.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明目的是针对目前矿井的实际需求和现有技术设备的不足,综合利用无线和有线通信、嵌入式系统等技术,提供一种采用基于主干光纤环网、CAN网络或者以太网,同时使用多簇树/链型无线自组织网络实现大范围覆盖的人员定位通信网络,并由此提供一种井下定位与安全监控系统,实现井下环境的流动检测、井下人员和控制中心的指令互动以及井下照明设备的自动节能控制。The purpose of the present invention is to aim at the actual needs of current mines and the deficiencies of existing technical equipment, and comprehensively utilize technologies such as wireless and wired communication, embedded systems, etc. The cluster tree/chain type wireless self-organizing network realizes a large-scale coverage of personnel positioning communication network, and thus provides an underground positioning and safety monitoring system to realize the flow detection of the underground environment, the command interaction between underground personnel and the control center, and underground lighting Automatic energy saving control of equipment.
为实现本发明的上述目的,本发明的井下定位与安全监控系统包括:In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the underground positioning and safety monitoring system of the present invention includes:
地面控制中心,接收基站网关发送的定位数据包和通信数据包,对其进行解析后计算并显示与所述定位数据包相对应的移动节点的位置信息,以及通过所述基站网关和多个无线定位基站将所述通信数据包发送给指定的移动节点;The ground control center receives the positioning data packet and the communication data packet sent by the base station gateway, calculates and displays the location information of the mobile node corresponding to the positioning data packet after analyzing them, and passes the base station gateway and a plurality of wireless The positioning base station sends the communication data packet to a designated mobile node;
多个与移动节点相对应的人员定位终端,通过广播频段定时发送广播信号;A plurality of personnel positioning terminals corresponding to the mobile node regularly send broadcast signals through the broadcast frequency band;
多个与移动节点相对应的手持短信定位终端,响应移动节点的指令通过信号范围内的无线定位基站向指定移动节点或地面控制中心发送短信息数据包,以及接收地面控制中心或其他移动节点通过所述多个无线定位基站发送的短信息或指令;A plurality of handheld short message positioning terminals corresponding to the mobile node, in response to the instructions of the mobile node, send short message data packets to the designated mobile node or ground control center through the wireless positioning base station within the signal range, and receive the ground control center or other mobile nodes through Short messages or instructions sent by the multiple wireless positioning base stations;
多个与移动节点相对应的语音通信定位终端,响应移动节点的指令通过信号范围内的无线定位基站向指定移动节点或地面控制中心发送语音通信数据包,以及接收地面控制中心或其他移动节点通过所述多个无线定位基站发送的短信息、语音信息或指令;Multiple voice communication positioning terminals corresponding to the mobile node, in response to the instructions of the mobile node, send voice communication data packets to the designated mobile node or the ground control center through the wireless positioning base station within the signal range, and receive the ground control center or other mobile nodes through Short messages, voice messages or instructions sent by the multiple wireless positioning base stations;
多个无线定位基站,接收信号范围内的广播信号及通信数据,获取所述广播信号的强度数据,按协议封装后生成定位数据包,与所述通信数据包一起发送给基站网关;A plurality of wireless positioning base stations receive broadcast signals and communication data within the signal range, obtain the strength data of the broadcast signals, generate positioning data packets after encapsulation according to the protocol, and send them to the base station gateway together with the communication data packets;
基站网关,接收所述多个无线定位基站的定位数据包和通信数据包,发送给地面控制中心。The base station gateway receives the positioning data packets and communication data packets of the plurality of wireless positioning base stations, and sends them to the ground control center.
其中,所述多个无线定位基站设置于井下照明设备中,根据照明范围内是否存在定位终端,按照指定的延时通过调节PWM的占空比来调节所述照明设备的亮度。Wherein, the plurality of wireless positioning base stations are set in the underground lighting equipment, and according to whether there is a positioning terminal within the lighting range, the brightness of the lighting equipment is adjusted by adjusting the PWM duty cycle according to a specified delay.
其中,所述地面控制中心与所述基站网关通过有线网络相连接。Wherein, the ground control center is connected to the base station gateway through a wired network.
其中,所述基站网关与所述多个无线定位基站之间,以及每一所述多个无线定位基站之间通过无线网络相连接。Wherein, the base station gateway is connected to the plurality of wireless positioning base stations, and each of the plurality of wireless positioning base stations is connected through a wireless network.
其中,所述基站网关、每一所述无线定位基站、人员定位终端、手持短信定位终端及语音通信定位终端均设置有传感器接口,用于根据需要连接不同类型的传感器以检测周边环境数据及人员生命特征数据。Wherein, the base station gateway, each of the wireless positioning base stations, the personnel positioning terminal, the handheld short message positioning terminal and the voice communication positioning terminal are all provided with sensor interfaces, which are used to connect different types of sensors to detect surrounding environment data and personnel as required. Vital Signs Data.
其中,每一所述无线定位基站和所述基站网关均包括双频通信模块,分别用于传输定位数据包以及通信数据包,所述通信数据包包括短信息数据包和语音通信数据包。Wherein, each of the wireless positioning base stations and the base station gateways includes a dual-frequency communication module for transmitting positioning data packets and communication data packets respectively, and the communication data packets include short message data packets and voice communication data packets.
其中,每一所述人员定位终端设置有报警按钮,用于响应人员指令发送紧急报警信息。Wherein, each of the personnel positioning terminals is provided with an alarm button for sending emergency alarm information in response to personnel instructions.
与现有技术相比,本发明系统的优势在于:Compared with prior art, the advantage of the system of the present invention is:
本发明将传感器集成在人员身上,可以实现对危害物质的实时、流动的检测,且对于一些难以布线的区域,采用无线方式扩展传感器检测的覆盖范围;The present invention integrates the sensor on the person, can realize the real-time and flowing detection of hazardous substances, and for some areas where wiring is difficult, the coverage of sensor detection is expanded in a wireless manner;
本发明实现了极低功耗的移动节点和固定基站,利用他们之间的通信实现精确定位和数据传输,在移动节点和固定基站上都实现了传感器接口和照明设备控制接口,通过计算移动节点信号到达不同基站之间的强度比较来计算出节点的位置,并且通过使用双信道技术降低无线网络的通信量,实现对定位和传输的并行处理,保证通信的可靠性。The invention realizes a mobile node and a fixed base station with extremely low power consumption, uses the communication between them to realize precise positioning and data transmission, implements a sensor interface and a lighting device control interface on both the mobile node and the fixed base station, and calculates the The position of the node is calculated by comparing the strength of the signal arriving at different base stations, and the communication traffic of the wireless network is reduced by using dual-channel technology, and the parallel processing of positioning and transmission is realized to ensure the reliability of communication.
本发明的所有基站都带有数据保存功能,在网络中断情况下也能保存定位和传感器数据信号,为矿井的管理和事故预防、分析提供了有效的依据,并且通过对照明设备的控制实现了节能生产。All the base stations of the present invention have a data storage function, which can also save positioning and sensor data signals in the case of network interruption, providing an effective basis for mine management, accident prevention, and analysis, and through the control of lighting equipment. Energy-efficient production.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是根据本发明的基于通信网络的井下定位与安全监控系统的示意图;Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of downhole positioning and safety monitoring system based on communication network according to the present invention;
图2是根据本发明的基于通信网络的井下定位与安全监控系统的无线定位基站的结构示意图;Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the wireless positioning base station of the underground positioning and safety monitoring system based on the communication network according to the present invention;
图3是根据本发明的基于通信网络的井下定位与安全监控系统的基站网关的结构示意图;Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the base station gateway of the underground positioning and safety monitoring system based on the communication network according to the present invention;
图4是根据本发明的基于通信网络的井下定位与安全监控系统的手持短信定位终端的结构示意图;Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the hand-held SMS positioning terminal of the underground positioning and safety monitoring system based on the communication network according to the present invention;
图5是根据本发明的基于通信网络的井下定位与安全监控系统的手持语音通信定位终端的结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a handheld voice communication positioning terminal of the communication network-based underground positioning and safety monitoring system according to the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明提出的井下定位与安全监控系统,结合附图和实施例说明如下。The downhole positioning and safety monitoring system proposed by the present invention is described as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
如图1所示,根据本发明的井下定位与安全监控系统包括设置于地面的控制中心6,设置于井下的基站网关5,分布于井下各区域内的多个无线定位基站4,由井下人员手持的人员定位终端1、短信终端2、语音通信终端3。As shown in Figure 1, the underground positioning and safety monitoring system according to the present invention includes a control center 6 arranged on the ground, a
其中,控制中心6与基站网关5之间通过有线网络连接;基站网关5、多个无线定位基站4以及各种手持终端1、2、3之间通过无线通信连接;基站网关4的网关利用光纤环网、CAN网络或者以太网,以及RS485网络或者WIFI形成有线主干网,同时以其为根节点,通过所述多个无线定位基站4以自组织成树形无线定位子网络,该子网沿井下巷道布设,形成的拓扑结构为链状和树状,由此,有线主干网与无线分支网结合覆盖整个巷道;控制中心6为整个网络的中心,包括计算机、服务器、网络设备,以及运行在计算机和服务器中的软件。Wherein, the control center 6 and the
井下工作人员(移动节点)在移动过程中,其手持的人员定位终端通过广播频段定时广播信号,附近的无线定位基站接收到广播信号后,获取信号内容和信号强度,将这些信息按照协议封装后生成定位数据包通过网络传输给基站网关,基站网关将定位数据包通过有线网络传输给控制中心,控制中心对这些数据包进行解析,通过计算移动节点信号到达不同基站之间的强度比较来获得移动节点的位置信息;此外,当井下人员需要实现相互之间或与控制中心的通信时,可通过手持的短信终端或语音通信终端输入短信数据或语音信号,并指定接收方,人员附近的无线定位基站接收这些短信数据及语音通信数据,并将其通过基站网关发送给控制中心,控制中心作为信息交换中心,接收存储这些通信数据后,根据信息内容,通过上述有线主干网及无线分支网,将信息转发到相应的手持终端。需要说明的是,由于上述有线主干网及无线分支网结合覆盖了井下整个巷道,所述人员定位终端及通信终端的移动时,自动完成接收基站之间的切换。由此,控制中心通过人员定位终端的定位信号实现对井下人员的定位,通过短信终端和语音通信终端实现了井下人员之间以及井下与控制中心之间的信息交流。During the movement of underground workers (mobile nodes), their hand-held personnel positioning terminals regularly broadcast signals through the broadcast frequency band. After receiving the broadcast signals, the nearby wireless positioning base stations obtain the signal content and signal strength, and encapsulate the information according to the protocol. The generated positioning data packets are transmitted to the base station gateway through the network, and the base station gateway transmits the positioning data packets to the control center through the wired network. Node location information; in addition, when underground personnel need to communicate with each other or with the control center, they can input SMS data or voice signals through hand-held SMS terminals or voice communication terminals, and specify the recipient, wireless positioning base station near the personnel Receive these short message data and voice communication data, and send them to the control center through the base station gateway. The control center acts as an information exchange center. forwarded to the corresponding handheld terminal. It should be noted that since the above-mentioned wired backbone network and wireless branch network cover the entire underground tunnel, when the personnel positioning terminal and the communication terminal move, the switching between the receiving base stations is automatically completed. Thus, the control center realizes the positioning of the underground personnel through the positioning signal of the personnel positioning terminal, and realizes the information exchange between the underground personnel and between the underground and the control center through the short message terminal and the voice communication terminal.
优选地,多个无线定位基站可以设置于巷道灯等照明设备中,根据其照明范围内是否存在移动定位设备,按照指定的延时通过调节PWM的占空比来调节照明的亮度,实现节能生产。Preferably, multiple wireless positioning base stations can be installed in lighting equipment such as roadway lights, and according to whether there is a mobile positioning device within the lighting range, the brightness of the lighting can be adjusted by adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM according to the specified delay, so as to realize energy-saving production .
优选地,基站网关、无线定位基站、人员定位终端、短信终端、及语音通信终端均可以设置有传感器接口和处理器串行通信接口,通过安装不同的传感器来直接测量基站或终端附近的瓦斯、温湿度、人员生命特征数据及电气设备工作状态等数据,或者与井下现有的监测装置直接交换数据,这些数据通过与定位数据包及通信数据包的传输过程相同的方式被传送到地面控制中心,实现矿井内信息的立体化显示。Preferably, the base station gateway, wireless positioning base station, personnel positioning terminal, short message terminal, and voice communication terminal can all be provided with a sensor interface and a processor serial communication interface, by installing different sensors to directly measure the gas near the base station or terminal, Data such as temperature and humidity, personnel vital signs data, and working status of electrical equipment, or directly exchange data with existing underground monitoring devices, these data are transmitted to the ground control center in the same way as the transmission process of positioning data packets and communication data packets , to realize the three-dimensional display of information in the mine.
优选地,基站网关、无线定位基站使用双频模块分离定位数据包和通信数据包的传递,其中一个频率的信道专门用于传输通信数据,包括短信终端发送的短信息数据和语音通信终端发送的语音通信数据;另一个信道专门用于接收人员定位终端发送的实时广播定位数据包。通过使用双信道技术降低无线网络的通信量,实现对定位和传输的并行处理,保证通信的可靠性。Preferably, the base station gateway and the wireless positioning base station use a dual-frequency module to separate the transmission of the positioning data packet and the communication data packet, and the channel of one frequency is dedicated to the transmission of communication data, including the short message data sent by the short message terminal and the voice communication terminal. Voice communication data; another channel is dedicated to receiving real-time broadcast positioning data packets sent by personnel positioning terminals. By using dual-channel technology to reduce the traffic of the wireless network, realize the parallel processing of positioning and transmission, and ensure the reliability of communication.
优选地,基站网关和无线定位基站自动进行网络状态检测,当发生网络故障时,自动将接收到的所述的个人终端数据实时保存。网络恢复正常后,自动将存储数据上传,不丢失数据。Preferably, the base station gateway and the wireless positioning base station automatically detect the network status, and automatically save the received personal terminal data in real time when a network failure occurs. After the network returns to normal, the stored data will be uploaded automatically without data loss.
优选地,人员定位终端可设置有报警按钮,以实现快速报警信号传送。Preferably, the personnel positioning terminal can be provided with an alarm button to realize fast alarm signal transmission.
下面将列举具体实施例对本发明的系统进行进一步详细说明。The system of the present invention will be further described in detail by citing specific embodiments below.
如图2所示为本发明优选实施例的无线定位基站的结构图,包括:双频通信模块、存储模块、微控制处理器、电源管理单元以及传感器接口。其中,微控制器和双频通信模块、存储模块、电源管理单元互相联结。双频通信模块为双频道收发器,包括两个短距离无线通信模块,双频设计,其中一个频段用来接收定位数据包,一个频道用来完成短信及语音通信;存储模块为一非易失性存储器,具有512K的FLASH,可用于定位数据存储,以防备网络故障;微控制器为一个带有单周期硬件乘法器的处理器,完成定位数据滤波、通信协议处理,以及运行应用软件;同时该处理器输出一个控制信号作为对矿灯亮度的控制;传感器接口用于根据需要连接各类传感器以检测周边环境或人员生命特征,并将采集的数据通过本系统的通信网络传送到控制中心;所述无线定位基站还可设置WIFI接口,通过WIFI连接不便布线区域的主干通信网络;该无线定位基站具有有线电源接口和电池接口,体积小,可置于巷道灯等矿用设备中,电源管理模块用于对可充电电池的充电管理。FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a wireless positioning base station in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, including: a dual-frequency communication module, a storage module, a microcontroller processor, a power management unit, and a sensor interface. Wherein, the microcontroller, the dual-frequency communication module, the storage module and the power management unit are interconnected. The dual-frequency communication module is a dual-channel transceiver, including two short-distance wireless communication modules, dual-frequency design, one of which is used to receive positioning data packets, and one channel is used to complete text messages and voice communications; the storage module is a non-volatile Non-volatile memory with 512K FLASH, which can be used for positioning data storage to prevent network failure; the microcontroller is a processor with a single-cycle hardware multiplier, which completes positioning data filtering, communication protocol processing, and running application software; at the same time The processor outputs a control signal to control the brightness of the miner's lamp; the sensor interface is used to connect various sensors to detect the surrounding environment or the vital signs of personnel as required, and transmit the collected data to the control center through the communication network of the system; The wireless positioning base station can also be equipped with a WIFI interface to connect to the backbone communication network in an inconvenient wiring area through WIFI; the wireless positioning base station has a wired power supply interface and a battery interface, and is small in size and can be placed in mining equipment such as roadway lights. The power management module Used for charge management of rechargeable batteries.
如图3所示为本发明优选实施例的基站网关的结构图,包括:双频通信模块、存储模块、微控制处理器、电源管理单元、AD采样单元,以及传感器接口、以太网控制器、CAN通信接口、RS485通信接口、光纤接口、RJ45以太网接口、WIFI接口。其中,双频通信模块为双频道收发器,优选为两个短距离无线通信模块,分别用于接收定位数据包及通信数据包;存储单元为非易失性存储器,用于在突发事件(断电,矿井事故等)时保存定位和传感器数据;AD采样单元用于传感器数据的采集。微控制处理器具有精简的实时嵌入式操作系统,用于微处理器任务调度,协议转换,数据融合处理;传感器接口用于根据需要连接各类传感器以检测周边环境或人员生命特征,并将采集的数据通过本系统的通信网络传送到控制中心;以太网接口、CAN总线接口、RS-485接口等用于与现有其他井下已布设网络实现无缝连接;所述基站网关还可设置WIFI接口,通过WIFI连接不便布线区域的主干通信网络;该基站网关外接直流电源供电,带有后备电池,通过电池充电管理模块实现充电功能。As shown in Figure 3, it is a structural diagram of a base station gateway in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, including: a dual-frequency communication module, a storage module, a microcontroller processor, a power management unit, an AD sampling unit, and a sensor interface, an Ethernet controller, CAN communication interface, RS485 communication interface, optical fiber interface, RJ45 Ethernet interface, WIFI interface. Wherein, the dual-frequency communication module is a dual-channel transceiver, preferably two short-distance wireless communication modules, which are respectively used to receive positioning data packets and communication data packets; the storage unit is a non-volatile memory, which is used in emergencies ( Power failure, mine accident, etc.) to save positioning and sensor data; AD sampling unit is used for sensor data collection. The microcontroller processor has a simplified real-time embedded operating system, which is used for microprocessor task scheduling, protocol conversion, and data fusion processing; the sensor interface is used to connect various sensors as needed to detect the surrounding environment or personnel vital signs, and collect The data is transmitted to the control center through the communication network of the system; the Ethernet interface, CAN bus interface, RS-485 interface, etc. are used to realize seamless connection with other existing underground networks; the base station gateway can also be equipped with a WIFI interface , through WIFI to connect to the backbone communication network in the area where wiring is inconvenient; the base station gateway is powered by an external DC power supply, with a backup battery, and the charging function is realized through the battery charging management module.
本发明优选实施例的人员定位终端由射频模块、电源模块、状态显示LED和紧急按钮采用密封填充方式构成。其中,射频模块为短距离无线通信模块,定时发送广播信号;电源模块为1000mAH的钮扣电池,可持续工作3年;状态显示LED可设置为响应不同情形呈现不同状态;当周边出现突发紧急事件时,可通过紧急按键将报警信息通过基站传送到地面控制中心,由此,地面控制中心可向井下指定人群发送通知信息。The personnel positioning terminal in the preferred embodiment of the present invention is composed of a radio frequency module, a power supply module, a status display LED and an emergency button in a sealed and filled manner. Among them, the radio frequency module is a short-distance wireless communication module, which sends broadcast signals regularly; the power module is a 1000mAH button battery, which can continue to work for 3 years; the status display LED can be set to respond to different situations and present different states; In the event of an event, the alarm information can be transmitted to the ground control center through the base station through the emergency button, so that the ground control center can send notification information to the designated people underground.
如图4所示为本发明优选实施例的手持短信终端的结构图,包括:微处理器,无线收发模块、存储模块、显示单元、电源管理单元以及传感器接口。其中,微处理器为Cortex内核的32位微处理器,用于设备的核心控制和信息处理;无线收发模块为一个短距离无线通信芯片,用于发送和接收短信数据;存储模块为非易失性存储器,用于存储通信数据;显示单元为彩色LCD,用于显示短信息内容;传感器接口用于根据需要连接各类传感器以检测周边环境或人员生命特征;采用可充电电池供电,通过电源管理单元实现充电管理;该手持短信终端使用图形化的操作界面,采用一组80模式的8位并行总线控制,输入采用单独IO的输入中断,软件去抖动;通过按键来操作短信的输入,读取以及设备的参数设置。As shown in Fig. 4, it is a structural diagram of a handheld short message terminal in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, including: a microprocessor, a wireless transceiver module, a storage module, a display unit, a power management unit and a sensor interface. Among them, the microprocessor is a 32-bit microprocessor with a Cortex core, which is used for the core control and information processing of the device; the wireless transceiver module is a short-distance wireless communication chip for sending and receiving SMS data; the storage module is a non-volatile non-volatile memory for storing communication data; the display unit is a color LCD for displaying short message content; the sensor interface is used to connect various sensors to detect the surrounding environment or personnel vital signs; The unit realizes charging management; the handheld SMS terminal uses a graphical operation interface, adopts a set of 80-mode 8-bit parallel bus control, and uses a separate IO input interrupt for input, and the software debounces; the input of the SMS is operated by the button, and the read and device parameter settings.
如图5所示为本发明优选实施例的手持语音通信定位终端的结构图,包括:微处理器,无线收发模块、存储模块、显示单元、语音输入输出单元、电源管理单元以及传感器接口。其中,微处理器用于完成基于G.729的语音编码,并实现与整个系统之间的语音传输;无线收发模块为一个短距离无线通信芯片,用于发送和接收短信数据;语音输入输出单元为语音codec芯片,用于语音信号的数字化采集和播放;存储模块为非易失性存储器,用于存储通信数据;显示单元为彩色LCD;采用可充电电池供电,通过电源管理单元实现充电管理;该语音通信终端除了可以采用与手持短信终端相同的方式实现与整个系统的短信通信及信息的显示和存储外,还能实现语音通信;在语音信号的传输过程中,本实施例的系统在传输上使用在时分复用的信道上保留专用语音传输时隙,并且在路由时建立面向连接的数据通路。As shown in Figure 5, it is a structural diagram of a handheld voice communication positioning terminal in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, including: a microprocessor, a wireless transceiver module, a storage module, a display unit, a voice input and output unit, a power management unit and a sensor interface. Among them, the microprocessor is used to complete the voice coding based on G.729, and realize the voice transmission with the whole system; the wireless transceiver module is a short-distance wireless communication chip, which is used to send and receive SMS data; the voice input and output unit is The voice codec chip is used for digital acquisition and playback of voice signals; the storage module is a non-volatile memory for storing communication data; the display unit is a color LCD; it is powered by a rechargeable battery, and the charging management is realized through the power management unit; the The voice communication terminal can also realize voice communication except that the short message communication with the whole system and the display and storage of information can be realized in the same way as the hand-held short message terminal; Use reserved dedicated voice transmission time slots on time-division multiplexed channels, and establish connection-oriented data paths during routing.
上述实施方式仅用于说明本发明,而并非对本发明的限制,有关技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,还可以做出各种变化和变型,因此所有等同的技术方案也属于本发明的范畴,本发明的专利保护范围应由权利要求限定。The above-mentioned embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the relevant technical fields can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all Equivalent technical solutions also belong to the category of the present invention, and the scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
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