CN102079319B - Railway rockfall early warning system and method - Google Patents
Railway rockfall early warning system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102079319B CN102079319B CN200910238682.9A CN200910238682A CN102079319B CN 102079319 B CN102079319 B CN 102079319B CN 200910238682 A CN200910238682 A CN 200910238682A CN 102079319 B CN102079319 B CN 102079319B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a railway rockfall early warning system and method. The railway rockfall early warning system comprise a fiber bragg grating vibration sensing part, a fiber bragg grating demodulating instrument and an analyzing and alarming device, wherein the fiber bragg grating vibration sensing part is provided with a fiber bragg grating suitable for generating strains along with the vibration of a track; the fiber bragg grating demodulating instrument is used for guiding light emitted by a light source to the fiber bragg grating, receiving light reflected back from the fiber bragg grating and outputting an electric signal reflecting wavelength variation, caused by the strains, of the reflected light; and the analyzing and alarming device is used for acquiring the wavelength variation information of the light reflected back from the fiber bragg grating so as to determine whether to give out an alarm on the fault of the track. The invention also relates to a railway rockfall early warning method, comprising the following steps of: providing the fiber bragg grating generating strains along with the vibration of the track; acquiring the electric signal reflecting the wavelength variation of the light reflected back from the fiber bragg grating through the fiber bragg grating demodulating instrument; acquiring the wavelength variation information of the light reflected back from the fiber bragg grating on the basis of the electric signal; and determining whether to give out an alarm on the basis of the wavelength variation information.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to utilize railway falling rocks early warning system and the railway falling rocks method for early warning of fiber grating.
Background technology
For the side slope of Along Railway, once there is collapse rock-fall, will be to railway, at transportation by railroad production, safety management, efficiency of operation and economic benefit generation tremendous influence.Various risk factors and the degree thereof of eliminating or reduce collapse rock-fall, can play preventive effect to a certain extent, but can not fundamentally solve the threat that collapse rock-fall forms railway along the line.
Therefore, in reality, exist to the situation on rail fallen of collapse rock-fall carry out early warning in the urgent need to.Conventional method has:
Electric measuring method, adopts strain resistor, and its precision is low, poor anti jamming capability, and the life-span is short, and power supply need to be used in scene, and signal is difficult to long-distance transmissions, is not suitable for long term monitoring.
GPS method, adopts global position system, and its field apparatus needs to safeguard, scene needs power supply, and special region cannot be obtained signal, particularly cannot record the STRESS VARIATION of geology inside, so cannot forecast landslide, as carry out multiple spot monitoring, this system cost costliness.
Image method, adopts outdoor pick-up method, more directly perceived.But rain, mist and snow sky are difficult to identification, can not forecast, and scene needs power supply, and equipment is easily destroyed.
In the prior art, the sensor of conventional measuring vibrations comprises acceleration transducer, speed pickup and displacement transducer.But the sensor is the principle based on mechanical energy being converted to electric energy all.While utilizing the vibration of the sensor sensing rail or sleeper, owing to there is the high-voltage power supply that forms interference source near rail, therefore, there is the problem that measuring accuracy is not high in above-mentioned electric transducer under the environment of highfield, high electric field.
And fiber-optic grating sensor has anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), size little (standard bare fibre is 125um), lightweight advantage.
Summary of the invention
Based on the problems referred to above, the present invention is proposed.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of railway falling rocks early warning system, comprise: optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts, comprise base portion and the end being freely connected with described base portion, described base portion is rigidly connected on the rail or sleeper of railway, and described end is suitable for vibrating with the vibration of rail or sleeper; And fiber grating, the two ends of described fiber grating are connected on base portion and end, and are suitable for the vibration based on end and produce strain; Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator device, the photoconduction that described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator device sends light source is guided to described fiber grating, the electric signal of the light that reception is reflected back from fiber grating, the wavelength variations that also this light being reflected back of output reflection is caused by strain; With analyze warning device, determine whether to send rail and exist the warning of fault thereby described analysis warning device obtains the light wavelength change information being reflected back from fiber grating, wherein said wavelength variation information at least comprises that light wavelength changes amplitude.
Advantageously, described system also comprises base portion and the end being freely connected with described base portion, described base portion is rigidly connected on the rail or sleeper of railway, thereby described end is suitable for vibrating with the vibration of rail or sleeper, and the two ends of wherein said fiber grating are connected on base portion and end.Base portion can be connected to end by vibration magnifying arm, and then described fiber grating is fixed on FBG strain gauge, and the two ends of described FBG strain gauge are separately fixed on base portion and end.
Advantageously, described optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts are multiple and arranged spaced apart successively along rail.
Further, thereby the photoconduction sending from wideband light source is guided to each fiber grating cascaded fiber grating by an optical cable, and wherein each fiber grating reflects the light of corresponding wavelength scope in this light, and described corresponding wavelength scope does not overlap each other; And described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator device receives the light being reflected back from each fiber grating and exports the electric signal of the variation of this light wavelength being reflected back of reflection.
Or further, described optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts are divided into many groups, and every component is joined an optical cable, described multiple optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts groups are arranged spaced apart successively along rail; Thereby the photoconduction that each root optical cable sends wideband light source is guided to the fiber grating that each fiber grating in a corresponding optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts group is connected in this group, wherein each fiber grating in every group reflects the light of corresponding wavelength scope in this light, and described corresponding wavelength scope does not overlap each other; And described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator device receives the light being reflected back from each fiber grating and exports the electric signal of the variation of this light wavelength being reflected back of reflection.
Advantageously, described optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts are arranged on the below of rail.This also contributes to protect fiber grating.
Railway falling rocks early warning system according to the present invention is simple in structure, dynamic response is good, sensitivity is good, resolution is strong, can measure the displacement that 0.01um is even more small, because itself possesses Characteristics of Fiber Bragg Gratings,, in fiber grating, the vibration signal of transmission of visible light can not be subject to the interference of railway peripheral electromagnetic field (for example being produced by hi-line), so can guarantee that under the environment of high voltage, high-intensity magnetic field signal is undistorted and can normal transmission.
According to a further aspect in the invention, propose railway falling rocks method for early warning, having comprised: step 1: the fiber grating that produces strain with rail vibration is provided; Step 2: utilize fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator device to obtain the electric signal that the light wavelength that is reflected back from described fiber grating of reflection changes; Step 3: obtain the light wavelength change information being reflected back from fiber grating based on described electric signal, wherein said wavelength variation information at least comprises that light wavelength changes amplitude; With step 4: determine whether to send warning based on this wavelength variation information.
Alternatively, step 1 comprises: base portion and the end being freely connected with described base portion are provided, described base portion is rigidly connected on the rail or sleeper of railway, thereby described end is suitable for vibrating with the vibration of rail or sleeper, and the two ends of described fiber grating are connected on base portion and end.Further, base portion is connected to end by vibration magnifying arm, and described fiber grating is fixed on FBG strain gauge, and the two ends of described FBG strain gauge are separately fixed on base portion and end.
Alternatively, described fiber grating is single, and described step 4 comprises: light wavelength change amplitude exceed first threshold and get rid of train pass through situation time, send the warning that rail breaks down.Wherein, in one of at least following situation, determine that train passes through: increase gradually and meet or exceed first threshold thereby light wavelength changes amplitude; Light wavelength changes amplitude and after meeting or exceeding first threshold, periodically meets or exceeds within a predetermined period of time first threshold.
Or alternatively, described fiber grating is single, and described step 4 comprises: change in light wavelength that amplitude is instantaneous to be exceeded first threshold and fast after decay, send near the warning of breaking down the rail at described fiber grating place.
Alternatively, described fiber grating is multiple fiber gratings of arranging successively along rail, described step 4 comprises: in the time that the light wavelength that is reflected back from a fiber grating changes amplitude and exceedes first threshold and get rid of the situation that train passes through, send the warning that rail breaks down.Wherein, in one of at least following situation, determine that train passes through: increase gradually and meet or exceed first threshold thereby the light wavelength being reflected back from a described fiber grating changes amplitude; The light wavelength being reflected back from a described fiber grating changes amplitude and after meeting or exceeding first threshold, periodically meets or exceeds within a predetermined period of time first threshold; Change amplitude from the light wavelength that the multiple fiber gratings in a described fiber grating front are reflected back on train direct of travel and meet or exceed successively after first threshold, the light wavelength being reflected back from a described fiber grating changes amplitude and meets or exceeds first threshold; After the light wavelength variation amplitude being reflected back from a described fiber grating meets or exceeds first threshold, change amplitude from the light wavelength that the multiple fiber gratings at a described fiber grating rear are reflected back on train direct of travel and meet or exceed successively first threshold.
Or alternatively, described fiber grating is multiple fiber gratings of arranging successively along rail, described step 4 comprises: change in the light wavelength that is reflected back from a fiber grating that amplitude is instantaneous to be met or exceeded first threshold and fast decay, send the warning that rail breaks down.Advantageously, described method also comprises step 5: in the situation that sending warning, determine that the light wavelength being reflected back changes the fiber grating of amplitude maximum, thereby near the rail of indication this definite fiber grating breaks down.Wherein step 5 can further comprise: determine that the light wavelength that is reflected back changes second largest fiber grating of amplitude, break down with the rail between second largest fiber grating of the light wavelength variation amplitude being reflected back thereby indication changes the fiber grating of amplitude maximum in the light wavelength being reflected back.Can determine based on step 5 approximate location that rail breaks down.
Advantageously, described step 4 also comprises: change amplitude in the light wavelength being reflected back from a fiber grating and do not reach first threshold, the light wavelength that is reflected back from a described fiber grating change amplitude and the wavelength variations amplitude that is reflected back from another fiber grating adjacent with a described fiber grating at least one instantaneous exceeding be less than the Second Threshold of first threshold and fast when decay, send the warning that rail breaks down.Advantageously, described method also comprises step 5: in the situation that sending warning, determine that the light wavelength being reflected back changes the fiber grating of amplitude maximum, thereby near the rail of the indication fiber grating of the light wavelength variation amplitude maximum being reflected back breaks down.Wherein, step 5 may further include: determine that the light wavelength that is reflected back changes second largest fiber grating of amplitude, break down with the rail between second largest fiber grating of the light wavelength variation amplitude being reflected back thereby indication changes the fiber grating of amplitude maximum in the light wavelength being reflected back.Can determine based on step 5 approximate location that rail breaks down.
According to railway falling rocks method for early warning of the present invention, dynamic response is good, sensitivity is good, resolution is strong, can measure the displacement that 0.01um is even more small, because itself possesses Characteristics of Fiber Bragg Gratings,, in fiber grating, the vibration signal of transmission of visible light can not be subject to the interference of railway peripheral electromagnetic field (for example being produced by hi-line), so can guarantee that under the environment of high voltage, high-intensity magnetic field signal is undistorted and can normal transmission.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the vibrational structure of optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts according to an embodiment of the invention;
FBG strain gauge is fixed to the schematic diagram on the vibrational structure shown in Fig. 1 by Fig. 2 demonstration;
The optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts shown in Fig. 2 are installed to the schematic diagram on rail by Fig. 3 demonstration;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the modification of the vibrational structure of optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the another modification of the vibrational structure of optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of railway falling rocks early warning system of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of railway falling rocks early warning system of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the oscillogram of utilizing railway falling rocks early warning system of the present invention to obtain in the time that larger stone is fallen on rail; With
Fig. 9 be when train by time utilize railway falling rocks early warning system of the present invention to obtain oscillogram.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, and by reference to the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.In instructions, same or analogous drawing reference numeral is indicated same or analogous parts.Followingly with reference to accompanying drawing, the explanation of embodiment of the present invention is intended to present general inventive concept of the present invention to make an explanation, and does not should be understood to a kind of restriction of the present invention.
The present invention is the application based on fiber grating.First describe below according to optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts 10 of the present invention.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts 10 of the present invention.Particularly, Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the vibrational structure of optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts of the present invention; FBG strain gauge is fixed to the schematic diagram on the vibrational structure shown in Fig. 1 by Fig. 2 demonstration; The optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts shown in Fig. 2 are installed to the schematic diagram on rail by Fig. 3 demonstration.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts 10 comprise: base portion 1 and the end freely 2 being connected with base portion 1, and base portion 1 is rigidly connected on rail 5, thus end 2 is suitable for vibrating with the vibration of rail 5; And fiber grating, the two ends of fiber grating are connected on base portion 1 and end 2, and are suitable for producing strain with the vibration of end 2.But, fiber grating can be fixed on FBG strain gauge 4, and two ends 4a, the 4b of FBG strain gauge 4 are separately fixed on base portion 1 and end 2.FBG strain gauge 4 can be fixed on base portion 1 and end 2 by the mode such as electric welding, adhesion.
It is pointed out that although description is below based on FBG strain gauge 4,, also go for fiber grating.
It should be noted that here fixing both can represent directly fixing also can represent indirectly fixing, as long as end 2 is suitable for vibrating with the vibration of rail 5.As shown in Figure 3, in the present embodiment, base portion 1 is directly rigidly fixed in rail 5, for detection of the vibration of rail 5.But, it should be noted that, base portion 1 also can be fixed on rail 5 indirectly by other intermediate.Base portion 1 also can be fixed on sleeper.
For convenience of explanation, as shown in Figure 1, might as well define the horizontal direction that directions X is optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts 10 (or being called Width), Y-direction is the longitudinal direction (or being called length direction) of optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts 10, and Z direction is the short transverse (or being called thickness direction) of optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts.
As shown in Fig. 1-3, all right involving vibrations magnifying arm (or semi-girder) 3 of optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts 10, base portion 1 is connected to end 2 by vibration magnifying arm 3.
Vibration magnifying arm 3 can be equal strength strain beam.It is linear vibrating magnifying arm 3 distortion along the longitudinal direction, and in the case, the optical fiber in FBG strain gauge 4 produces linear deformation along the longitudinal direction.Vibration magnifying arm 3 can be designed to general triangular, the width that vibrates magnifying arm 3 reduces to end 2 gradually from base portion 1.Certainly, also vibration magnifying arm 3 can be designed to wedge shape, the thickness that vibrates magnifying arm 3 reduces to end 2 gradually from base portion 1.Certainly, also can design vibration magnifying arm 3 with any known technology, make it to have the character of equal strength strain beam.But, vibration magnifying arm 3 can not be also equal strength strain beam.
Base portion 1, end 2 and vibration magnifying arm 3 part that can form as one.But, it should be noted that, the present invention is not limited to this, and base portion 1, end 2 and vibration magnifying arm 3 can be also three individual members that interconnect removably.
In order to amplify the vibration of end 2, the upper surface 1a of base portion 1 and/or the upper surface 2a of described end 2 exceed the upper surface 3a of vibration magnifying arm 3, and it is upper that two ends 4a, the 4b of FBG strain gauge 4 fix or be attached to respectively the upper surface 1a of base portion 1 and the upper surface 2a of end 2, as shown in Figure 2.Like this, the amplification of vibrating based on end 2, the reaction of FBG strain gauge 4 will be sensitiveer.
In this enforcement, end 2 can offer notch 2c inwardly, thereby the longitudinal cross-section of the integral piece that base portion 1, end 2 and vibration magnifying arm 3 form is had be "
" opening of shape, certainly, the longitudinal cross-section of this integral piece also can have and be "
" opening of shape.
This integral piece also can have different forms.As shown in Figure 4, end 2 is designed to solid mass, and does not have notch 2c inwardly.Thereby make the longitudinal cross-section of the integral piece that base portion 1, end 2 and vibration magnifying arm 3 form there is rectangular aperture.
Below take in Fig. 1-3 as example explanation is according to the principle of work of optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts of the present invention: in the time that rail 5 vibrates, base portion 1 vibrates, end 2 is vibration thereupon also, vibration magnifying arm 3 is under the effect of the end 2 as mass, produce forced vibration, vibration is amplified, thereby vibration magnifying arm 3 can produce a larger reciprocal tension and compression action to FBG strain gauge 4, thereby fiber grating produces strain, this makes to change by the light wavelength of fiber grating, pass through optical cable, this wavelength variations is reflected back to optical fiber grating demodulation instrument, change into electric signal, can analyze based on this electric signal.
Optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts 10 of the present invention have high sensitivity.For example, traditional electric transducer substantially can measure 10 in the situation that adding amplifier
-6the order of magnitude of power, and the most basic wavelength variations of optical fiber grating sensing parts is 10
-9power is 1000 times of sensitivity of traditional electric transducer.Optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts 10 can be applied under the working environment of highfield electric field, and this is that electric transducer can not be compared.In addition, optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts temperature tolerance good (the working temperature upper limit can reach 400 ℃-600 ℃), multiplexing capacity are strong.
Based on above-mentioned principle, the present invention proposes a kind of railway falling rocks early warning system 100, and as shown in Figure 6, this system 100 comprises: above-mentioned optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts 10; Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator device 20, the photoconduction that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator device 20 sends light source guides to fiber grating, receive the light that is reflected back from fiber grating, and the electric signal of the wavelength variations that caused by strain of this light being reflected back of output reflection; With analyze warning device 30, thereby the warning of analyzing warning device 30 and obtaining the light wavelength change information being reflected back from fiber grating and determine whether to send rail 5 and exist fault, wherein said wavelength variation information at least comprises that light wavelength changes amplitude.Analyzing warning device 30 can be completed by computer system.
System 100 can only comprise optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts 10, also can comprise multiple for example, along the rail 5 successively optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts 10 of spaced apart (separating 50 meters) layout.
In the situation that multiple optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts 10 are set, as shown in Figure 7, can utilize an optical cable 21 that thereby the photoconduction sending from wideband light source is guided to each fiber grating cascaded fiber grating, wherein each fiber grating reflects the light of corresponding wavelength scope in this light, and described corresponding wavelength scope does not overlap each other; And fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator device 20 receives the light being reflected back from each fiber grating and exports the electric signal of the variation of this light wavelength being reflected back of reflection.
The quantity of the optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts 10 that can connect depends on the intensity of scanning wavelength scope, number of channels and the tested vibration signal of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator device 20,20 optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts 10 of general passage capable of being series connection, i.e. an optical cable 20 the optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts 10 of just can connecting.And the sensor of traditional electrical just need to have corresponding 20 cables.And, optical cable or Optical Fiber Transmission distance (optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts can reach several kilometers to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator device), like this, in material cost, in engineering construction, the present invention has obvious advantage.
In the situation that multiple optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts 10 are set, optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts 10 also can be divided into many groups, and every component is joined an optical cable 21, and multiple optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts groups are arranged spaced apart successively along rail 5; Thereby the photoconduction that each root optical cable 21 sends wideband light source is guided to the fiber grating that each fiber grating in a corresponding optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts group is connected in this group, wherein each fiber grating in every group reflects the light of corresponding wavelength scope in this light, and described corresponding wavelength scope does not overlap each other; And fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator device 20 receives the light being reflected back from each fiber grating and exports the electric signal of the variation of this light wavelength being reflected back of reflection.For example, optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts 10 are 60, and are divided into many groups, and for example 3 groups, 20 every group, optical cable is many, for example 3.The number and the packet count that it should be noted that optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts 10 are not limited to this.
Optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts 10 can be arranged on the below of rail 5 or sleeper, also can be arranged on other position.
Because a fiber grating is corresponding with the light of certain section of wavelength in an optical cable, so the reflection of light light of the light based on this section of wavelength or this section of wavelength can be determined the fiber grating (optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts) that is coupled or is connected with this optical cable, thereby to occur that light wavelength that for example certain wave band is reflected back changes instantaneous while exceeding first threshold, can determine the position of corresponding fiber grating (optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts).
The inventor has also proposed a kind of railway falling rocks method for early warning, and the method comprises: step 1: the fiber grating with rail 5 generation of vibration strains is provided; Step 2: utilize fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator device 20 to obtain the electric signal that the light wavelength that is reflected back from described fiber grating of reflection changes; Step 3: obtain the light wavelength change information being reflected back from fiber grating based on described electric signal, wherein said wavelength variation information at least comprises that light wavelength changes amplitude; With step 4: determine whether to send warning based on this wavelength variation information.
Wherein, step 1 comprises: base portion 1 and the end freely 2 being connected with base portion 1 are provided, base portion 1 is rigidly connected on rail 5 or sleeper, thereby end 2 is suitable for vibrating with the vibration of rail 5 or sleeper, and the two ends of described fiber grating are connected on base portion and end.Base portion 1 can be connected to end 2 by vibration magnifying arm 3, and described fiber grating is fixed on FBG strain gauge, and the two ends of described FBG strain gauge are separately fixed on base portion 1 and end 2.
At fiber grating, be single in the situation that, described step 4 comprises: in the time that light wavelength changes amplitude and exceedes first threshold and get rid of the situation that train passes through, send the warning that rail 5 breaks down.Wherein: in one of at least following situation, determine that train passes through: increase gradually and meet or exceed first threshold thereby light wavelength changes amplitude; Light wavelength changes amplitude and after meeting or exceeding first threshold, periodically meets or exceeds within a predetermined period of time first threshold.Two kinds of situations above-mentioned have been shown in accompanying drawing 9.
Or be single in the situation that, described step 4 comprises at fiber grating: change in light wavelength that amplitude is instantaneous to be exceeded first threshold and fast after decay, send near the warning of breaking down the rail 5 at described fiber grating place.Accompanying drawing 8 shows this situation.
Be multiple fiber gratings of arranging successively along rail 5 at described fiber grating, described step 4 comprises: in the time that the light wavelength that is reflected back from a fiber grating changes amplitude and exceedes first threshold and get rid of the situation that train passes through, send the warning that rail 5 breaks down.Wherein: in one of at least following situation, determine that train passes through: increase gradually and meet or exceed first threshold thereby the light wavelength being reflected back from a described fiber grating changes amplitude; The light wavelength being reflected back from a described fiber grating changes amplitude and after meeting or exceeding first threshold, periodically meets or exceeds within a predetermined period of time first threshold; Change amplitude from the light wavelength that the multiple fiber gratings in a described fiber grating front are reflected back on train direct of travel and meet or exceed successively after first threshold, the light wavelength being reflected back from a described fiber grating changes amplitude and meets or exceeds first threshold; After the light wavelength variation amplitude being reflected back from a described fiber grating meets or exceeds first threshold, change amplitude from the light wavelength that the multiple fiber gratings at a described fiber grating rear are reflected back on train direct of travel and meet or exceed successively first threshold.
Or, be multiple fiber gratings of arranging successively along rail 5 at described fiber grating, described fiber grating is multiple fiber gratings of arranging successively along rail 5, described step 4 comprises: change in the light wavelength that is reflected back from a fiber grating that amplitude is instantaneous to be met or exceeded first threshold and fast decay, send the warning that rail 5 breaks down.
For determining the place of breaking down, in the time comprising multiple fiber grating of arranging successively along rail 5, described method also comprises step 5: in the situation that sending warning, determine that the light wavelength being reflected back changes the fiber grating of amplitude maximum, thereby near the rail of indication this definite fiber grating breaks down.Further, step 5 also comprises: determine that the light wavelength that is reflected back changes second largest fiber grating of amplitude, break down with the rail between second largest fiber grating of the light wavelength variation amplitude being reflected back thereby indication changes the fiber grating of amplitude maximum in the light wavelength being reflected back.
In the time that falling rocks drops between two fiber gratings, the light wavelength being reflected back from fiber grating changes amplitude may not reach first threshold, now described step 4 also comprises: the light wavelength that is reflected back from a described fiber grating change amplitude and the wavelength variations amplitude that is reflected back from another fiber grating adjacent with a described fiber grating at least one instantaneous meeting or exceeding be less than the Second Threshold of first threshold and fast when decay, send the warning that rail breaks down.Now, for determining the place of breaking down, described method also comprises step 5: in the situation that sending warning, determine that the light wavelength being reflected back changes the fiber grating of amplitude maximum, thereby near the rail of the indication fiber grating of the light wavelength variation amplitude maximum being reflected back breaks down.For further determining the position of fault, step 5 can also comprise: determine that the light wavelength that is reflected back changes second largest fiber grating of amplitude, break down with the rail between second largest fiber grating of the light wavelength variation amplitude being reflected back thereby indication changes the fiber grating of amplitude maximum in the light wavelength being reflected back.
It should be noted that, above-mentioned first threshold and Second Threshold can be based on rail below tectonic structure, for example rock or sandy soil, density, hardness, volume, the height of drop of possible falling rocks above rail, the installation site of fiber grating or optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts, mounting means, material of sleeper etc. is determined.
In addition, solar cell or large-capacity battery can be set in the wild and provide electric power for fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator device 20.
The accuracy of the accuracy of the warning of railway falling rocks early warning system of the present invention and railway falling rocks method for early warning or the monitoring to rail vibration situation can for example, by improving the dominant frequency of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator device 20,1000Hz, 2000Hz or higher.
For " instantaneous " in instantaneous increase above-mentioned, represent the dominant frequency with respect to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator device 20, time is very short, for example, for the dominant frequency of 1000Hz, the instantaneous time that can represent 0.001-0.005 second or other similar order of magnitude, the concrete time equally can be based on rail below tectonic structure, for example rock or sandy soil, density, hardness, volume, the height of drop of possible falling rocks above rail, the installation site of fiber grating or optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts, mounting means, material of sleeper etc. is determined.And above-mentioned gradually increase in " gradually ", represent for " instantaneous ", much slow, although in practice, may be only for example time of 0.1 second, the concrete time is relevant with train speed, train load-carrying, train type etc.Predetermined amount of time above-mentioned alternatively, represents the 1-10 time of second.
In the present invention, warning can be in the following way: on-the-spot sound and light alarm.Station at the railway two ends that early warning system is housed is equipped with acoustic alarm and alarm lamp, for reminding engine driver and related personnel; Control Room is reported to the police, for causing Control Room operator on duty's attention; Remote alarms, mainly utilizes mobile phone GSM sms technique, automatically dangerous situation is sent on relevant leader and patrolling railway personnel's mobile phone, so that the very first time takes measures on customs clearance.Certainly can add other type of alarms according to user's request.
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention, for the ordinary skill in the art, be appreciated that without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention and can change these embodiment, scope of the present invention is limited by claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (6)
1. a railway falling rocks early warning system, comprising:
Optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts, comprise base portion and the end being freely connected with described base portion, and described base portion is rigidly connected on the rail or sleeper of railway, and described end is suitable for vibrating with the vibration of rail or sleeper; And fiber grating, the two ends of described fiber grating are connected on base portion and end, and are suitable for the vibration based on end and produce strain;
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator device, the photoconduction that described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator device sends light source guides to described fiber grating, receive the light that is reflected back from fiber grating, and the electric signal of the wavelength variations that caused by strain of this light being reflected back of output reflection; With
Analyze warning device, determine whether to send rail and exist the warning of fault thereby described analysis warning device obtains the light wavelength change information being reflected back from fiber grating, wherein said wavelength variation information at least comprises that light wavelength changes amplitude,
It is characterized in that:
Described optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts are multiple and arranged spaced apart successively along rail, and described fiber grating is multiple fiber gratings of arranging successively along rail;
Described analysis warning device, in the time that the light wavelength that is reflected back from a fiber grating changes amplitude and exceedes first threshold and get rid of the situation that train passes through, sends the warning that rail breaks down; And in one of at least following situation, determine that train passes through:
Thereby the light wavelength being reflected back from a described fiber grating changes amplitude and increases gradually and meet or exceed first threshold;
The light wavelength being reflected back from a described fiber grating changes amplitude and after meeting or exceeding first threshold, periodically meets or exceeds within a predetermined period of time first threshold;
Change amplitude from the light wavelength that the multiple fiber gratings in a described fiber grating front are reflected back on train direct of travel and meet or exceed successively after first threshold, the light wavelength being reflected back from a described fiber grating changes amplitude and meets or exceeds first threshold;
After the light wavelength variation amplitude being reflected back from a described fiber grating meets or exceeds first threshold, change amplitude from the light wavelength that the multiple fiber gratings at a described fiber grating rear are reflected back on train direct of travel and meet or exceed successively first threshold.
2. railway falling rocks early warning system according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Base portion is connected to end by vibration magnifying arm.
3. railway falling rocks early warning system according to claim 2, is characterized in that,
Described fiber grating is fixed on FBG strain gauge, and the two ends of described FBG strain gauge are separately fixed on base portion and end.
4. railway falling rocks early warning system according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Thereby the photoconduction sending from wideband light source is guided to each fiber grating cascaded fiber grating by an optical cable, and wherein each fiber grating reflects the light of corresponding wavelength scope in this light, and described corresponding wavelength scope does not overlap each other; And
Described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator device receives the light being reflected back from each fiber grating and exports the electric signal of the variation of this light wavelength being reflected back of reflection.
5. railway falling rocks early warning system according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts are divided into many groups, and every component is joined an optical cable, and described multiple optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts groups are arranged spaced apart successively along rail;
Thereby the photoconduction that each root optical cable sends wideband light source is guided to the fiber grating that each fiber grating in a corresponding optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts group is connected in this group, wherein each fiber grating in every group reflects the light of corresponding wavelength scope in this light, and described corresponding wavelength scope does not overlap each other; And
Described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator device receives the light being reflected back from each fiber grating and exports the electric signal of the variation of this light wavelength being reflected back of reflection.
6. railway falling rocks early warning system according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described optical fiber grating vibration sensor parts are arranged on the below of rail.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| CN103175475B (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2016-11-23 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Bank protection monitoring system |
| CN103824422B (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2017-03-08 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Along Railway rockfall monitoring and alarming system |
| CN103900486B (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2017-06-20 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Protection network monitoring system |
| CN103215865B (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2015-04-08 | 武汉理工大学 | Method for dynamically monitoring health states of railway continuous-beam bridge and rail overlapping device |
| CN104340239B (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2017-01-18 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Railway disaster-preventive three-dimensional monitoring and alarming system |
| CN105371939A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2016-03-02 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Fiber bragg grating vibration sensor and vibration measurement elements thereof |
| CN105928603B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2019-03-19 | 河南丹江大观苑旅游有限公司 | A kind of scenic spot massif monitoring system based on Fibre Optical Sensor |
| CN105761437B (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2018-01-02 | 河南丹江大观苑旅游有限公司 | A kind of scenic spot massif remote monitoring system for disaster and method |
| CN107063339B (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2019-04-16 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Falling rocks and train signal classification classification judge recognition methods along railway |
| CN107421622A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-12-01 | 石家庄铁道大学 | A kind of monitoring of railway falling rocks and localization method |
| PL3459811T3 (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2022-02-14 | Thales Management & Services Deutschland Gmbh | Method of mounting a strain measuring assembly, in particular for an axle counter, and according use |
| CN107941910B (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2020-06-02 | 唐智科技湖南发展有限公司 | Method and system for identifying obstacles on track |
| CN112305754B (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2023-07-07 | 成都理想境界科技有限公司 | Scanning actuator, optical fiber scanning device and scanning display equipment |
| CN111157026B (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2021-07-02 | 太原理工大学 | Distributed optical fiber sensing detection device and method for railway rockfall protection net |
| CN113970369A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-25 | 北京航空航天大学 | Complex structural member modal analysis method based on networked fiber bragg grating sensitive element |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN103465934A (en) | 2013-12-25 |
| CN103465935B (en) | 2015-11-25 |
| CN102079319A (en) | 2011-06-01 |
| CN103465935A (en) | 2013-12-25 |
| CN103465934B (en) | 2015-09-02 |
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