CN1276237C - Rating method and instrument for distributing type optical fiber strain sensor - Google Patents
Rating method and instrument for distributing type optical fiber strain sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN1276237C CN1276237C CN200410041996.7A CN200410041996A CN1276237C CN 1276237 C CN1276237 C CN 1276237C CN 200410041996 A CN200410041996 A CN 200410041996A CN 1276237 C CN1276237 C CN 1276237C
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Abstract
Currently, distributed optical fiber strain sensors are extensively applied to various fields of construction, water engineering, traffic, petrifaction, electricity, medical treatment, machinery, power, ships, aviation, spaceflight, etc. The present invention discloses a special instrument for calibrating fundamental performance parameter indexes of the distributed optical fiber strain sensor. The instrument is composed of an equal-strength suspending beam, a temperature compensating plate, a static loading system, a dynamic loading system, a dynamic and static strain reference measuring system, a three-point deflection measuring system and data analyzing software, etc. The calibrating instrument can respectively apply static loads or dynamic loads to a distributed optical fiber strain sensor to be calibrated to calibrate a linearly dependent coefficient, a strain coefficient, a measuring error range, measuring accuracy and a measurement reproducibility index during static strain measurement. Additionally, the sampling frequency and the real time during dynamic strain measurement and the measurement error during static deflection measurement can be calibrated. The calibrated parameter indexes can be used for analysis, processing and evaluation of testing data of the distributed optical fiber sensor.
Description
One, technical field
The invention belongs to photosignal monitoring and analysis technical field, especially Rating Method and Apparatus for Distributed Optical Fiber Strain Sensor to strain.
Two, technical background
In fields such as building, water conservancy, traffic, petrochemical industry, electric power, medical treatment, machinery, power, boats and ships, Aeronautics and Astronautics, strain is one of important parameter of monitoring, control engineering structure or instrument and equipment duty.Measurement to strain value, conventional art adopts electronics strain sensing device (as strain ga(u)ge more, vibrating string type strain transducer, differential resistance type strainometer etc.), each electron-like strain transducer ubiquity poor durability, zero point drift, charged work, be subject to defectives such as electromagnetic interference (EMI), in recent years along with the development of photoelectric technology, optical fiber sensing technology has appearred, it is with the carrier of light as acquired signal, with the medium of optical fiber as the transmission light signal, has good endurance, the inferred-zero drift, not charged work, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), the outstanding advantage of the roomy grade of transport tape, distributing optical fiber sensing technology wherein particularly, can realize continuous distribution formula or quasi-distributed measurement to parameter to be measured, for conditional electronic strain sensing technology is difficult to reach, therefore at present in above-mentioned each application, the distributive fiber optic strain sensor-based system is progressively replacing electronics strain sensing system.
Before adopting the distributive fiber optic strain sensor to carry out strain measurement, must carry out calibration (demarcation) by first basic parameter (linearly dependent coefficient, the coefficient of strain, sensor accuracy, repeatability, dynamic strain frequency acquisition etc.) to fibre optic strain sensor.The project of existing scaling method and calibrating instrument is incomplete, does not especially see that based on the distributed formula fibre optic strain sensor of Brillouin light domain reflectometer sizable application on the engineering is arranged, and does not see the method that its demarcation is arranged.
Three, summary of the invention
Distributive fiber optic strain sensor rating method, be provided with equi intensity cantilever and temperature compensation block, the girder cantilever top is that the end has an edge of a knife with interior 10mm place, is used for hanging static(al) and loads, length is arranged is the rectangular beam body of 80-150mm to the edge of a knife with interior, is used for transmitting static load; Be the effective length of equi intensity cantilever thereafter, generally greater than 1,000mm.The beam body vertically be shaped as T shape, promptly one big one little, indicate scale in beam body upper surface axis, be used for determining of distributed fiberoptic sensor position, the single mode tight tube fiber after the single mode tight tube fiber promptly being installed or being passed through encapsulation or the fiber grating of point type encapsulation, the single mode tight tube fiber for the treatment of calibration is sticked with glue distribution of material to be fixed on the beam of uniform strength beam body, lower surface, optical fiber one end is fixed in the temperature compensation block surface with identical adhesive material again, and the other end inserts and is used for the corresponding demodulated equipment of demodulation distributive fiber optic strain sensor: the initial strain value of gathering the distributive fiber optic strain sensor earlier with this demodulated equipment; Gather the initial strain value of strain ga(u)ge simultaneously with sound attitude strainmeter, if the static load calibration, also need to regulate or write down the initial value of dial gauge on 3 fleximeters or clock gauge; Load step by step then, gather or write down the reading of distributive fiber optic strain sensor, strain ga(u)ge and 3 flexometers one by one, with dial gauge on the fleximeter or thousand fens meter calibration static loads; Make the beam body produce vibration with the power loading system simultaneously, gather the dynamic strain spectrum of strain ga(u)ge with sound attitude strainmeter, gather strain ga(u)ge calibration dynamic load with sound attitude strainmeter, the above-mentioned sound attitude of comparative analysis strainmeter is gathered the dynamic strain spectrum of strain ga(u)ge and is composed the sample frequency of the distributive fiber optic strain sensor that obtains treating calibration and its real-time is made an appraisal with the dynamic strain of distributive fiber optic strain sensor (FBG) demodulator collection.The strain value that the demodulating system of above distributive fiber optic strain sensor is measured also need be deducted the strain value of temperature compensation plate portion, obtains the actual strain value of beam body.
Under static load, repeat repeatedly to use the strain value of the distributive fiber optic strain sensor acquisition beam of uniform strength, obtain treating measuring error, measuring accuracy and the repeatability index of the distributive fiber optic strain sensor of calibration.
Being constructed as follows of instrument: according to function, instrument of the present invention is made up of 7 parts, comprising: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. data analysis software of 3 deflection metrology system of sound attitude strain reference measuring system of power loading system of static(al) loading system of temperature compensation plates of equi intensity cantilever.
Equi intensity cantilever is made up of a slice beam body, two supporting suspension columns, one pressure block, a sub-mount, three base leveling bolts and three bubble level devices.
Effective beam body length of equal strength cantilever amount beam depends on the maximal value of the minimum space resolution that various distributive fiber optic strain sensors that this calibration instrument is suitable for can satisfy.Back has an edge of a knife about with interior 10mm, is used for hanging the static(al) loading system, and the edge of a knife is used for transmitting static load with the interior rectangular beam body that has length to be about 133mm; Be the effective length of equi intensity cantilever thereafter, generally greater than 1,000mm.The beam body vertically be shaped as T shape, adopt this shape can guarantee semi-girder after loading deforms, beam body end face tension, the bottom surface pressurized, the stretching strain value that the end face each point is produced equates everywhere, and the compressive strain value that the bottom surface each point is produced also equates everywhere.Beam body root fixed part length is about 80mm, and this part guarantees that the semi-girder body can bear quiet, dynamic load.Beam body material adopts manganese vanadium alloy steel.Beam body upper surface axis indicates scale, is used for determining of distributed fiberoptic sensor position.Two supporting suspension column height are determined by the maximum deflection distortion that semi-girder takes place under load.Semi-girder body and two suspension columns are interfixed by a bearing plate.This equi intensity cantilever base is trapezoidal, fixes three base leveling bolts respectively below three summits, can whether come leveling base and beam face between two parties according to bubble in the bubble level device of base three limit mid points.
Temperature compensation plates is that a block length is 1, the square steel plate of 000mm, temperature compensation plates is used for measures ambient temperature and changes caused distributive fiber optic strain value, and is deducted from measured total distributive fiber optic strain value, to remove influence of temperature variation.
The static(al) loading system is a hook and a series of counterweight.Hang on the edge of a knife on semi-girder top, the hook bottom is a supporting disk, and counterweight can hang on this disk step by step to apply static load.
The power loading system is mass and direct supply, mass is suspended on the equi intensity cantilever body, after inserting direct supply, mass can be with certain frequency vibration, and drive the beam body with identical frequency vibration, regulate the voltage of direct supply, can regulate the amplitude of beam body, and then regulate the size of the dynamic strain value of beam body.
Sound attitude strain reference measuring system comprises some sheet resistance strainometers and a sound attitude strain testing analytic system.Strain ga(u)ge is evenly arranged in the upper and lower surface of beam along the beam body axis, and arranges some strain ga(u)ges that are used to compensate usefulness on temperature compensation plates, and concrete the layout depended on the bridge circuit form that sound attitude strain testing analytic system is adopted.Sound attitude strain reference measuring system is linked to each other with PC by RS-232 interface, directly collect strain signal by data acquisition software, it is synchronoused working with the measuring system that the distributive fiber optic strain sensor is adopted, and obtains two groups of strain values that two kinds of sensors are measured gained separately.
3 deflection metrology system are used for measuring the amount of deflection that the beam body is produced under static load, comprise a secondary immovable support and dial gauge or clock gauge, immovable support has two edges of a knife, be placed on beam body upper surface, the table bar of dial gauge gos deep into the fixed orifice in the middle of the knife rest, and after beam body generation deflection deformation, dial gauge can record the deflection displacement of any arbitrarily of beam of uniform strength body upper surface, and since upper surface each point strain facies with, so arbitrarily any deflection displacement is all identical for beam body upper surface.According to the respective function of beam end of body vertical deflection and beam body sag, can converse the vertical deflection of beam end of body, and measure the calibration reference value that the conversion of gained distributed strain obtains the vertical deflection of beam end of body as distributed fiberoptic sensor with this.It below also is the main foundation of data analysis software establishment.
Advantage of the present invention is: the inventive method and instrument are a kind of method and instruments that is specifically designed to calibration distributive fiber optic strain sensor basic parameter, generally are applicable to the calibration of the various distributive fiber optic strain sensor basic parameters such as fiber grating of single-mode fiber after communication is with single-mode fiber or encapsulation and point type encapsulation.This calibration instrument can be realized industrial standardization production, helps to promote the application of distributive fiber optic strain sensing technology.Outstanding advantage such as have good endurance, inferred-zero drift, not charged work, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), transport tape is roomy, Range of measuring temp is wide.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that distributive fiber optic strain sensor calibration instrument is formed structural drawing.
Fig. 2 is beam of uniform strength beam body plane figure
Fig. 3 is the layout synoptic diagram of distributive fiber optic strain sensor on the calibration instrument, counts example with single mode tight tube fiber sensor and Brillouin light Time Domain Reflectometry.
Fig. 4 is that calibration instrument of the present invention records linear fit curve and related coefficient
Five, specific embodiments
Be example with the single mode tight tube fiber as the distributive fiber optic strain sensor with communication below, the concrete operational version of this calibration instrument is described, but the use of this instrument be not limited thereto.
(1), the laying of distributive fiber optic strain sensor
Can directly adopt single mode tight tube fiber in the communication based on the distributed formula fibre optic strain sensor of Brillouin light domain reflectometer, also can adopt through the single mode tight tube fiber after the encapsulation.The single mode tight tube fiber for the treatment of calibration is fixed in the upper and lower surface of beam of uniform strength beam body with the adhesive material distribution of appointment, optical fiber one end is fixed in the temperature compensation block surface with identical adhesive material again, and the other end inserts the Brillouin light domain reflectometer that is used for demodulation distributive fiber optic strain sensor.As shown in Figure 3.
(2), gather initial value
Before applying the rate constant load, at first gather the initial strain value of distributive fiber optic strain sensor with optical time domain reflectometer; Gather the initial strain value of strain ga(u)ge simultaneously with sound attitude strainmeter, if the static load calibration, also need to regulate or write down the initial value of dial gauge on 3 fleximeters.
(3), static load calibration
1) related coefficient, the coefficient of strain and deflection metrology error
Counterweight is hung up beam of uniform strength hook one by one, and gather or write down the reading of distributive fiber optic strain sensor, strain ga(u)ge and 3 flexometers one by one.According to the reading under the loads of being gathered at different levels, can analyze related coefficient that obtains distributive fiber optic strain sensor and the measured beam of uniform strength strain value of strain ga(u)ge and the coefficient of strain for the treatment of the distributed strain sensor of calibration.Adopt analysis software that distributed strain is converted to beam of uniform strength amount of deflection, simultaneously 3 flexometers are recorded bending displacement and be converted to beam of uniform strength amount of deflection, can obtain the deflection metrology error range.
2) measuring error, measuring accuracy and repeatability index
Under certain grade of static load, repeat repeatedly to use the strain value of the distributive fiber optic strain sensor acquisition beam of uniform strength, by Mathematical Statistics Analysis, can obtain treating measuring error, measuring accuracy and the repeatability index of the distributive fiber optic strain sensor of calibration.
(4), dynamic load calibration
1) sample frequency
Make the beam body produce vibration with the power loading system, gather the dynamic strain spectrum of strain ga(u)ge with sound attitude strainmeter, gather simultaneously the dynamic strain spectrum of distributive fiber optic strain sensor with identical sample frequency, both dynamic strain spectrums of comparative analysis can obtain treating calibration the distributive fiber optic strain sensor sample frequency and its real-time made an appraisal.
(5), measure range and measured data
The calibration range of this distributed fibre optic strain sensor calibration instrument is ± 1000 μ ε, and Fig. 4 is for applying the linear fit curve of static load income rate definite value step by step, and the related coefficient of curve is 0.999.
Claims (3)
1, distributive fiber optic strain sensor rating method, it is characterized in that being provided with equi intensity cantilever and temperature compensation block, the girder cantilever top is that the end has an edge of a knife with interior 10mm place, is used for hanging static(al) and loads, length is arranged is the rectangular beam body of 80-150mm to the edge of a knife with interior, is used for transmitting static load; It is the effective length of equi intensity cantilever thereafter, the beam body vertically be shaped as T shape, promptly one big one little, indicate scale in beam body upper surface axis, be used for the distributed fiberoptic sensor position, the single mode tight tube fiber after the single mode tight tube fiber promptly being installed or being passed through encapsulation or the fiber grating of point type encapsulation, the single mode tight tube fiber for the treatment of calibration is sticked with glue distribution of material to be fixed on the beam of uniform strength beam body, lower surface, optical fiber one end is fixed in the temperature compensation block surface with identical adhesive material again, and the other end inserts the demodulating system that is used for demodulation distributive fiber optic strain sensor: the initial strain value of gathering the distributive fiber optic strain sensor earlier with distributive fiber optic strain meter (FBG) demodulator; Gather the initial strain value of strain ga(u)ge simultaneously with sound attitude strainmeter, if the static load calibration, also need to regulate or write down the initial value of dial gauge on 3 fleximeters or clock gauge; Load step by step then, gather one by one or the reading of record distributive fiber optic strain sensor, strain ga(u)ge and 3 flexometers, with the curvature under dial gauge on the fleximeter or the thousand fens meter calibration static loads; If dynamic load calibration, make the beam body produce vibration with the power loading system, gather the dynamic strain spectrum of strain ga(u)ge with sound attitude strainmeter, gather the dynamic strain spectrum of distributive fiber optic strain sensor with distributive fiber optic strain sensor (FBG) demodulator, comparative analysis sound attitude strainmeter is gathered the dynamic strain spectrum of strain ga(u)ge and the dynamic strain spectrum of gathering with distributive fiber optic strain sensor (FBG) demodulator, obtain treating calibration the distributive fiber optic strain sensor sample frequency and its real-time made an appraisal, and from measured total distributive fiber optic strain value, deducted the strain value of temperature compensation section, to remove influence of temperature variation.
2, by the described distributive fiber optic strain sensor of claim 1 rating method, it is characterized in that under static load, repeat repeatedly to use the strain value of the distributive fiber optic strain sensor acquisition beam of uniform strength, obtain treating measuring error, measuring accuracy and the repeatability index of the distributive fiber optic strain sensor of calibration.
3, distributive fiber optic strain sensor calibration instrument is characterized in that comprising: the equi intensity cantilever of setting, temperature compensation plates, static(al) loading system, power loading system, sound attitude strainmeter or reference measuring system, 3 deflection metrology system constitute:
Equi intensity cantilever is made up of a slice beam body, two supporting suspension columns, one pressure block, a sub-mount, three base leveling bolts and three bubble level devices; 3 deflection metrology system comprise a secondary immovable support and dial gauge or clock gauge, immovable support has two edges of a knife, be placed on beam body upper surface, the table bar of dial gauge gos deep into the fixed orifice in the middle of the knife rest, after beam body generation deflection deformation, dial gauge can record the arbitrarily deflection displacement of any of beam of uniform strength body upper surface, and since upper surface each point strain facies with, so any deflection displacement is all identical arbitrarily for beam body upper surface;
Temperature compensation plates is that a block length is 1, the square steel plate of 000mm, and temperature compensation plates is used for measures ambient temperature and changes caused distributive fiber optic strain value; The static(al) loading system is a hook and a series of counterweight; Hang on the edge of a knife on semi-girder top, the hook bottom is a supporting disk, and counterweight can hang on this disk step by step to apply static load; The power loading system is mass and direct supply, mass is suspended on the equi intensity cantilever body, after inserting direct supply, mass can be with certain frequency vibration, and drive the beam body with identical frequency vibration, regulate the voltage of direct supply, can regulate the amplitude of beam body, and then regulate the size of the dynamic strain value of beam body; Sound attitude strain reference measuring system comprises some sheet resistance strainometers and a sound attitude strain testing analytic system; Strain ga(u)ge is evenly arranged in the upper and lower surface of beam along the beam body axis, and on temperature compensation plates, arrange some strain ga(u)ges that are used to compensate usefulness, the concrete layout depended on the bridge circuit form that sound attitude strain testing analytic system is adopted, above-mentioned foil gauge is linked to each other with PC by RS-232 interface, directly collect strain signal by data acquisition software, it is synchronoused working with the measuring system that the distributive fiber optic strain sensor is adopted, and obtains two groups of strain values that two kinds of sensors are measured gained separately.
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| CN200410041996.7A CN1276237C (en) | 2004-09-15 | 2004-09-15 | Rating method and instrument for distributing type optical fiber strain sensor |
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| CN200410041996.7A CN1276237C (en) | 2004-09-15 | 2004-09-15 | Rating method and instrument for distributing type optical fiber strain sensor |
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Assignee: Jiangsu Weixin Engineering Consulting Co., Ltd. Assignor: Nanjing University Contract fulfillment period: 2008.8.26 to 2013.8.25 contract change Contract record no.: 2008320000118 Denomination of invention: Rating method and instrument for distributing type optical fiber strain sensor Granted publication date: 20060920 License type: Exclusive license Record date: 2008.9.2 |
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